A complex structure may refer to Almost complex manifold Complex manifold Linear complex structure See also Real structure disambig Category Linear algebra ... more details
wiktionary structure The structure of a thing is how the parts of it relate to each other, how it is assembled . Structure may also refer to Architectural structure , a man made structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or continuous occupancy Building , Non building structure & Building disambiguation Canopy ecology structure, organization or three dimensional geometry of a plant canopy Community ecology structure, ecological organization of a biological community Chemical structure , the spatial arrangement of atoms and bonds in a molecule Protein structure Crystal structure , structure of liquids and glasses , the spatial arrangement of ions, atoms, or molecules in condensed matter Data structure , a way of storing data in a computer so that it can be used efficiently Mathematical structure on a set, additional mathematical objects that in some manner attach to the set, making it easier to visualize or work with, or endowing the collection with meaning or significance Structure mathematical logic Algebraic structure Social structure , a pattern of relations Structure and agency , two confronted theories about human behaviour Structural geology , the three dimensional ... Deep structure logical language structure in linguistics The Structure of Scientific Revolutions , a book by Thomas Kuhn on the history of science Structure clothing store , a men s clothing store operated by Limited Brands until 2000, when it merged with Structure s women s clothing store Express company Express to become ExpressMen . The brand name Structure was later sold to Sears, Roebuck and Company Sears in 2003, branding used for men s and young men s apparel and accessories . Structure journal , a scientific journal describing protein structure s. Large scale structure of the cosmos Financial structure, a concept within Structured finance . disambig ar br Framm da Struktur flertydig fr Structure gl Estrutura it Struttura hu Strukt ra egy rtelm s t lap ja pl Struktura ... more details
In mathematics , structure can refer to Mathematical structure &ndash extra objects attached to a set that endow it with extra meaning or significance. A structure mathematical logic structure in mathematical logic , sometimes called a model, gives a concrete interpretation of a formal language. disambig ... more details
Cell structure may refer to An organelle , or the layout of organelles of the biological cell itself The structure of a covert cell , often involved in underground resistance, organised crime, terrorism or any group requiring stealth in its operations In mathematics, the structure of a cell complex disambig ... more details
Organic structure may refer to Organic model , forms, methods and patterns found in living systems, often used as a metaphor for non living things The Organic chemistry Molecular structure of an organic compound molecular structure of an organic compound , also known as the structural formula of an organic compound See also Organic disambiguation disambig ... more details
unreferenced date June 2009 bot yes An abstract structure is a formal object that is defined by a set of laws, properties, and relationships in a way that is logically if not always historically independent of the structure of contingent experiences, for example, those involving physical objects. Abstract structures are studied not only in logic and mathematics but in the fields that apply them, as computer science , and in the studies that reflect on them, as philosophy and especially the philosophy of mathematics . Indeed, modern mathematics has been defined in a very general sense as the study of abstract structures by the Nicolas Bourbaki Bourbaki group see discussion there, at algebraic structure and also structure category theory structure . An abstract structure may be represented perhaps with some degree of approximation by one or more physical objects this is called an implementation or instantiation of the abstract structure. But the abstract structure itself is defined in a way that is not dependent on the properties of any particular implementation. An abstract structure has a richer structure than a concept or an idea . An abstract structure must include precise rules of behaviour which can be used to determine whether a candidate implementation actually matches the abstract structure in question. Thus we may debate how well a particular government fits the concept ... game of chess. Examples A sorting algorithm is an abstract structure, but a recipe is not, because ... structure, but an orchestration is not, because it depends on the properties of particular instruments. Euclidean geometry is an abstract structure, but the theory of continental drift is not, because it depends on the geology of the Earth . A formal language is an abstract structure, but a natural ... s Mathematical structure math stub Category Abstraction Category Mathematical terminology Category Structure lt Abstrakti strukt ra th tr Soyut yap ... more details
Structure theorem may refer to Structured program theorem , a result in programming language theory Structure theorem for finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain , a result in abstract algebra a subject area in mathematics disambig ... more details
wiktionary TOCright Power Structure may refer to Hierarchy , more specifically the Power network . The Establishment disamb fi Valtarakenne ... more details
italictitle Infobox journal title Structure cover editor Christopher D. Lima and Andrej Sali discipline Protein structure abbreviation Structure publisher Cell Press country United States frequency 12 year history 1993 present openaccess license impact impact year website http www.cell.com structure home link1 http www.cell.com structure archive link1 name Archives link2 link2 name RSS atom JSTOR OCLC 28867361 LCCN CODEN ISSN 0969 2126 eISSN boxwidth Structure is a peer review ed scientific journal founded by Wayne A. Hendrickson , Carl Ivar Br nd n and Alan R. Fersht in September 1993. It focuses on protein structure and related issues. The journal is published monthly by Cell Press . The current editors are Christopher D. Lima and Andrej Sali . Reed Elsevier journal stub Category Biochemistry journals Category Cell Press academic journals Category Publications established in 1993 ... more details
In mathematics , for a Formal language language math mathcal L math , define the Herbrand universe to be the set of ground term s of math mathcal L math . A Structure mathematical logic structure math mathfrak M math for math mathcal L math is an Herbrand structure if the Domain of discourse domain of math mathfrak M math is the Herbrand universe of math mathcal L . math This fixes the domain of math mathfrak M math , and so each Herbrand structure can be identified with its interpretation, leading to the alternative nomenclature of Herbrand interpretation . A Herbrand model of a axiomatic set theory theory math T math is a Herbrand structure which is a model of math T. math See also Herbrand base Herbrand s theorem planetmath id 6105 title Herbrand structure Category Mathematical logic de Herbrand Struktur mathlogic stub ... more details
Hyperbolic structure may refer to Hyperboloid structure Hyperbolic set mathdab Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
The structure space of a commutative Banach algebra is an analog of the spectrum of a C algebra . It consists of all multiplicative linear functional s on the algebra. The Gelfand representation of the Banach algebra is a map taking the Banach algebra elements to continuous function s on the structure space. Category Banach algebras Mathanalysis stub ... more details
Population structure may refer to many aspects of population ecology Population stratification Population pyramid Age class structure F statistics Population density Population distribution Population dynamics and population growth Population genetics Population size disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 The structure of a thing is how the parts of it relate to each other. In gardens, the term can be applied to soil structure or planting design structure. But it is most often used for structures made out of hard landscape materials hard materials including timber , brick , concrete , metal , plastic , glass and other substances. The category of garden structures therefore includes garden buildings pergola s garden trellis garden wall s fencing patio decking garden steps water feature See also Garden design Hard landscape materials DEFAULTSORT Garden Structure Category Garden features ... more details
A hydraulic structure is a structure submerged or partially submerged in any body of water, which disrupts the natural flow of water. They can be used to divert, disrupt or completely stop the flow. An example of a hydraulic structure would be a dam , which slows the normal flow rate of river in order to power turbines .A hydraulic structure can be built in rivers, a sea, or any body of water where there is a need for a change in the natural flow of water. http chl.erdc.usace.army.mil hydraulicstructures United States Corps of Engineers http chl.erdc.usace.army.mil hydraulicstructures Category Water Category Hydraulic engineering interwiki ca Obra hidr ulica et Vesiehitis es Obra hidr ulica pl Budowla hydrotechniczna ru uk ... more details
File Field control tower P1220950.jpg thumb right A field deployable control tower A deployable structure is a structure that can change shape so as to significantly change its size. ref http www civ.eng.cam.ac.uk dsl ref Examples of deployable structures are umbrella s, bistable structure s, some tensegrity structures, bistable structure s, some Origami shapes and scissor like structures. Deployable structures are also used on spacecraft for deploying solar panel s and solar sail s. References reflist External links http www civ.eng.cam.ac.uk dsl publications.html University of Cambridge Deployable structures department publications Category Structural engineering ... more details
In mathematics, block structure is a possible property of matrices see block matrix . In computer science, a programming language has block structure if it features block programming blocks which can be nested to any depth. In linguistics, block structure is a representation of sentence grammar now most commonly associated with the Backus Naur Form . The alternate context free grammar approach instead is a mathematical notation for operating on sentence grammars. disambig ... more details
Operation Structure was the Canadian Forces humanitarian aid response to the 2004 Asian tsunami tsunami that struck Southeast Asia on December 26, 2004. The operation carried out by the Disaster Assistance Response Team was deployed on January 2 and ended on February 19, 2005. External links http www.forces.gc.ca site operations Structure index e.asp Canadian Forces Past Ops Operation Structure Category Non combat military operations involving Canada Canada mil hist stub ... more details
The molecular structure of a substance is described by the combination of nuclei and electrons that comprise its constitute molecules. This includes the molecular geometry essentially the arrangement, in space, of the equilibrium positions of the constituent atoms in reality, these are in a state of constant vibration, at temperatures above absolute zero , the electronic properties of the bonds, and further molecular properties. The determination of molecular structure uses a multitude of experimental methods, that include X ray diffraction , electron diffraction , many kinds of optical spectroscopy , nuclear magnetic resonance , electron spin resonance , and mass spectrometry . The prediction and explanation of molecular structure uses quantum theory of valency and methods of molecular modeling. The term molecular structure extends to multi molecular complexes. ref Molecular structure entry in AccessScience, the McGraw Hill online Dictionary of Science, http www.accessscience.com popup.aspx?id 63878&name def ref ref any textbook on physical chemistry published in the past 80 years ref References reflist Category Molecules ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 Wikify date August 2009 Thematic structure is a term in linguistics . When people talk, there are purposes in three separable parts of utterances Speech Act, Proposition Propositional Content and Thematic Structure. Because speaking is cooperative, in order that the speaking can be effective in the conversation, speakers have to pay attention to their listeners knowledge, mental activities and so on. Speakers can assume that listeners know or do not know what speakers are talking about. According to Michael Halliday , the speakers judgments about the listeners current mental states are reflected in what is called thematic structure. Thematic structure has three main functions To convey given information and new information Subject and predicate Frame and insert DEFAULTSORT Thematic Structure Category Linguistics ... more details
A chemical structure includes molecular geometry , electronic structure and crystal structure of molecule s. Molecular geometry refers to the spatial arrangement of atom s in a molecule and the chemical bond s that hold the atoms together. Molecular geometry can range from the very simple, such as diatomic oxygen or nitrogen molecules, to the very complex, such as protein or DNA molecules. Molecular geometry can be roughly represented using a structural formula . Electronic structure describes the occupation of a molecule s molecular orbital s. Structure determination Structural determination in chemistry is the process of determining the chemical structure of molecules. Practically, the end result of such process is the obtainment of the coordinates of the atoms in a molecule. ref name lecture07uwec http www.chem.uwec.edu Chem406 F06 Pages lecture notes lect07 C406 lect07 notes.pdf C406 lect07 Bot generated title PDF, 936 KiB ref The methods by which one can determine the structure of a molecule include spectroscopy , such as nuclear magnetic resonance NMR , infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy , electron microscopy , and x ray crystallography x ray diffraction . The last technique can produce three dimensional models at atomic scale optical resolution resolution , as long as crystal s are available, as x ray diffraction needs numerous copies of the molecule being studied that must also be arranged in an organised way. ref name lecture07uwec The following are common methods for determining the chemical structure Structural elucidation X ray diffraction Proton NMR Carbon 13 NMR Mass spectrometry Infrared spectroscopy The following are common methods for determining the electronic structure Electron spin resonance Cyclic voltammetry Electron absorption spectroscopy ... molecular properties of drugs QSAR , quantitative structure affinity relationship Chemical property ... es Estructura qu mica fr Structure chimique ja nl Chemische structuur nds Cheemsch Struktur pt ... more details
In phrase structure grammar s, such as generalised phrase structure grammar , head driven phrase structure grammar and lexical functional grammar , a feature structure is essentially a set of attribute value pairs. For example the attribute named number might have the value singular . The value of an attribute may be either Lisp atom atomic , e.g. the symbol singular , or complex most commonly a feature structure, but also a list or a set . A feature structure can be represented as a directed acyclic graph DAG , with the nodes corresponding to the variable values and the paths to the variable names. Operations defined on feature structures, e.g. semantic unification unification , are used extensively in phrase structure grammars. In most theories e.g. HPSG , operations are strictly speaking defined over equations describing feature structures and not over feature structures themselves, though feature structures are usually used in informal exposition. Often, feature structures are written like this math begin bmatrix mbox category & noun phrase mbox agreement & begin bmatrix mbox number & singular mbox person & third end bmatrix end bmatrix math Here there are the two features category and agreement . Category has the value noun phrase whereas the value of agreement is indicated by another feature structure with the features number and person being singular and third . This particular notation is called attribute value matrix AVM . The matrix mathematics matrix has two columns, one for the feature names and the other for the values. In this sense a feature structure is a list of key value pairs. The value might be atomic or another feature structure. This leads to another notation for feature structures the use of Tree data structure tree s. In fact, some systems such as PATR II use S expression s to represent feature structures. External links http cs.union.edu striegnk courses nlp with prolog html node79.html Feature Structures section of an online Prolog course http ... more details
Political structure is a term frequently used in political science . The term political structure, used in a general sense, refers to institutions or groups and their relations to each other, their patterns of interaction within political systems and to political regulation s, law s and the norms present in political systems in such a way that they constitute the political landscape of the political entity. In the social domain its counterpart is Social structure . External links http www.loc.gov law guide usconst.html Law Library of Congress website with links to Political structure articles http www.yale.edu lawweb avalon medieval athemain.htm Avalon project at Yale Law School on the Athenian Constitution by Aristotle in English Sir Frederic G. kenyon s translation of Aristotle on the political structure or constitution of the ancient city state of Athens , which is usually considered a prime inspiration for the form of government chosen for the United States http web.archive.org web 20080311063310 http www.2ontario.com welcome bcgo 803.asp Provincial political structure of Ontario, Canada http www43.statcan.ca 04 04a 04a 001 e.htm Political structure of Canada Category Social philosophy poli stub sociology stub ... more details
32 ref A Structure Chart SC in software engineering and organizational theory is a chart , which ... is used in structured programming to arrange the program modules in a tree structure. Each module is represented by a box, which contains the module s name. The tree structure visualizes the relationships .... A structure chart is a top down design top down modular design tool, constructed of squares representing ... 6. ref In structured analysis structure charts, according to Wolber 2009 , are used to specify ... design , or functional decomposition . Programmers use a structure chart to build a program in a manner ... Structure Charts Supplementary Notes Structure Charts and Bottom up Implementation Java Version. Accessed Nov 8, 2009 ref . A structure chart depicts ref name IRT the size and complexity of the system .... A structure chart is also used to diagram associated elements that comprise a run stream or thread ... manageable level. An accurate and complete structure chart is the key to the determination of the configuration ... among its CIs. During the configuration control process, the structure chart is used to identify CIs and their associated artifacts that a proposed change may impact. ref name IRT Structure chart construction Image Structure chart construction.jpg thumb 320px A process flow diagram describing the construction of a structure chart by a so called Subject Matter Experts SME . ref name IRT According to Wolber 2009 , a structure chart can be developed starting with the creating of a structure, which places the root of an upside down tree which forms the structure chart. The next step is to conceptualize ..., see figure, first it is checked if a Structure Chart has been developed already. If so an expert needs to review it to ensure it represents the current structure and if not, updates the chart where needed. ref name IRT See also Commonscat Structure charts Computer aided software engineering Context ... Orr diagram Work breakdown structure References reflist Further reading Sarah Brooks 1981 . Structure ... more details
In differential geometry , a G structure on an n manifold M , for a given structure group ref Which is a Lie ... math . This is often but not always a Lie subgroup for instance, for a spin structure the map is a covering ... structure defines a Riemannian metric , and for the special linear group an SL n , R structure is the same as a volume form . For the trivial group , an e structure consists of an parallelizable manifold absolute parallelism of the manifold. Several structures on manifolds, such as a complex structure , a symplectic structure , or a K hler manifold K hler structure , are G structures with an additional ... bundle s plays an important role in the study of G structures, the two notions are different. A G structure ... that the G structure bundle consists of tangent frames is regarded as part of the data. For example ... of a G structure the solder form . The solder form is what ties the underlying principal bundle of the G structure to the local geometry of the manifold itself by specifying a canonical isomorphism ... that Q is the principal bundle of a G structure. If Q is realized as a reduction of the frame bundle ... on manifolds, such as a complex structure , a symplectic structure , or a K hler manifold K hler structure ... condition, the structure is instead called an almost structure, as in an almost complex structure , an almost symplectic structure , or an almost K hler manifold almost K hler structure Specifically, a symplectic manifold structure is a stronger concept than a G structure for the symplectic group . A symplectic structure on a manifold is a two form &omega on M that is non degenerate which is an math Sp math structure, or almost symplectic structure , together with the extra condition ... The set of diffeomorphism s of M that preserve a G structure is called the automorphism group of that structure. For an O n structure they are the group of isometry isometries of the Riemannian metric and for an SL n , R structure volume preserving maps. Let P be a G structure on a manifold M ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
