Refimprove date October 2011 Pasture from the Latin pastus , past participle of pascere to feed is land used for grazing . ref MerriamWebsterDictionary pasture ref Pasture lands in the narrow sense are enclosed tracts of farmland , grazed by domesticated livestock , such as horse s, cattle , sheep or swine . The vegetation of tended pasture, forage , consists mainly of grasses , with an interspersion of legume s and other forb s. Pasture is typically grazed throughout the summer, in contrast to meadow which is used for grazing only after being mow n to make hay for winter fodder . ref Cite NIE Pasture year 1905 ref Pasture in a wider sense additionally includes rangeland s, other unenclosed pastoralism pastoral system s and land types used by wild animals for grazing or browsing predation browsing . Pasture lands in the narrow sense are distinguished from rangelands by being managed through more intensive agricultural practices of seeding , irrigation , and the use of fertilizer s, while rangelands grow primarily native vegetation, managed with extensive practices like controlled burn ing and regulated intensity of grazing. Soil type, minimum annual temperature , and rainfall are important factors in pasture management. Prior to the advent of factory farming with its use of zero grazing feeding techniques, pasture was the primary source of food for grazing animals such as cattle and horse s. It is still used extensively, particularly in arid regions where pasture land is unsuitable for any other agricultural production . In more humid regions, pasture grazing is exploited extensively ... 2800px Grazing cattle on a pasture near Hradec nad Moravic in Czech Silesia . Examples of pasture habitats Image SnakeValley.JPG thumb 300px Sheep out to pasture in arid Snake Valley ... Rough pasture Savanna Sheepwalk Steppe Wood pasture Veld Notes references See also Transhumance ... pl Pastwisko pt Pasto ro P une qu Michiy ru sah simple Pasture sk Pasienok sr ... more details
brake on a motorcycle A brake is a mechanical device which inhibits motion. Its opposite component ... brakes use magnetic fields to convert kinetic energy into electric current in the brake disc, fin ... s have a brake of some sort. Even baggage cart s and shopping cart s may have them for use on a moving ... also feature air brake aircraft air brakes designed to reduce their speed in flight. Notable examples ... descent. The Saab 17 Saab B 17 dive bomber used the deployed undercarriage as an air brake. Vehicle brake Friction brake Friction brakes on automobile s store braking heat in the drum brake or disc brake ... braking use their engines to brake . When the brake Automobile pedal pedal of a modern vehicle with hydraulic brake s is pushed, ultimately a piston pushes the brake pad against the Disc brakebrake disc which slows the wheel down. On the brake drum it is similar as the cylinder pushes the brake ... friction, pumping, or electromagnetics. One brake may use several principles for example, a pump ... friction brake is used to mean pad shoe brakes and excludes hydrodynamic brakes, even though hydrodynamic ... of a rotating drum, such as a band brake a rotating drum with shoes that expand to rub the inside of a drum, commonly called a drum brake , although other drum configurations are possible and pads that pinch a rotating disc, commonly called a disc brake . Other brake configurations are used ... the Murphy brake pinches a rotating drum, and the Ausco Lambert disc brake uses ... brake to greatly increase pumping losses. Pumping brakes can dump energy as heat, or can be regenerative ... and also as a regenerative brake. Some diesel electric railroad locomotives use the electric motors ..., such as some transit buses, do not already have an electric motor but use a secondary retarder brake that is effectively a generator with an internal short circuit. Related types of such a brake are eddy current brake s, and electro mechanical brake s which actually are magnetically driven friction ... more details
one source date December 2011 Rough pasture is non intensive grazing pasture , commonly found on poor soils, especially in hilly areas, throughout the world. External links http www.macaulay.ac.uk hillplan examples.html Hill Plan Examples , Macaulay Institute , Aberdeen , Scotland Category Livestock agri stub ... more details
Image Tunney s Pasture.jpg 350px right thumb Tunney s Pasture as of 27 April 2008, looking north. Parkdale Avenue can be seen along the right edge of the photo the Transitway including the Tunney s Pasture Station and Scott Street are along the bottom of the photo. Tunney s Pasture is an area within ..., people living in the vicinity of it will often call their neighbourhood Tunney s Pasture. The complex is served by Tunney s Pasture Station on the transitway . History Before the development in the early ... still indicates, it was used as a farmer s pasture and named after Anthony Tunney who pastured ... Parkdale Avenue. The owner of the pasture, The Ottawa Lumber Merchants Association, hired Tunney to be the caretaker ... are the ministries and agencies that occupy offices, in whole or in part, in Tunney s Pasture. Statistics Canada class wikitable Name Building Address R.H. Coats Building Building 1 100 Tunney s Pasture Driveway Main Building Statistics Canada Main Building Building 3 150 Tunney s Pasture Driveway Jean Talon Building Building 5 170 Tunney s Pasture Driveway Health Canada and the Public Health Agency ... Building 6 100 Eglantine Driveway Health Protection Building Building 7 200 Tunney s Pasture Driveway Environmental Health Building Building 8 200 Tunney s Pasture Driveway Animal Breeding Building ... Banting Driveway Some offices in Main Statistics Building Building 3 150 Tunney s Pasture Driveway Finance Building Building 2 101 Tunney s Pasture Driveway Library and Archives Canada class wikitable ... Standards Building Building 4 151 Tunney s Pasture Driveway Department of National Defence Canada class ... Other buildings class wikitable Name Building Address Finance Building Building 2 101 Tunney s Pasture ... 13 101 Tunney s Pasture Driveway Demolished buildings Virus Laboratory Atomic Energy of Canada Building Eldorado Nuclear Building Gallery of selected buildings in Tunney s Pasture gallery Image ... links http web.ncf.ca dw413 k1y map.htm Ottawa K1Y Map Tunney s Pasture, Mechanicsville, Hintonburgh ... more details
Wood pasture is a historical European land management system in which open woodland provided shelter and forage for grazing animals, particularly sheep and cattle , as well as woodland products such as timber for construction and fuel, coppice d stems for wattle and daub wattle and charcoal making and pollard ed poles. Evidence of old wood pasture management systems can be detected in many of the ancient woodlands of Scotland , such as Rassal Fraxinus excelsior Ashwood in Ross Ross shire , and at Glen Finglas in the Trossachs . The Dalkeith Old Wood, belonging to the Duke of Buccleuch , where cattle still graze beneath ancient oak trees to this day is designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest SSSI ref R. Stiven and K. Holl 2004 Wood pasture. Scottish Natural Heritage, ISBN 1 85397 386 6 ref Natural England s Environmental Stewardship scheme, defines Wood Pasture in its Farm Environmental Plan booklet, as a structure of open grown or high forested trees, in a matrix of grazed grassland, heathland and or woodland floras. References reflist See also Transhumance Field agriculture Field Meadow External links Commonscat Wood pasture Category Livestock agri stub da Gr sningsegeskov de Hutewald nl Bosweide pl Las pastewny ... more details
Tyncoed Pasture is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in Brecknock , Powys , Wales . See also List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Brecknock Category Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Brecknock UK SSSI stub Powys geo stub coord missing Powys ... more details
Image Big Pasture 1905.png thumb 350px Big Pasture Grazing Land Reservation No. 1 1905. The Big Pasture was convert 488000 acre km2 0 of prairie land, in what is now southwestern Oklahoma . The land had been reserved for grazing use by the Kiowa , Comanche , and Apache tribes after their reserve was opened for settlement by a lottery conducted during June through August 1901. The tribes, however, leased most of the land out to large ranchers and it became known as Big Pasture. The Big Pasture was maintained for grazing until June 5, 1906, when Congress passed an act Chapter 2580, 34 Stat. 213 requiring that it be disposed of by allotting convert 160 acre km2 1 , in severalty, to each child born into the tribes after the act of 1900. The remaining land was sold by sealed bid in December 1906 and the proceeds placed in the U.S. Treasurey for the tribes. This was the last large tract of land opened for settlement in Oklahoma Territory. History If newspaper accounts are to be believed, Francisco V zquez de Coronado Coronado crossed the middle of the Big Pasture in his search for Quivira and C bola Quivira ref Cooper, Chronicles of Oklahoma , 1957 The Temple Tribune Oklahoma , August 22, 1907, Eschiti, Oklahoma.&mdash While excavating on a right of way near here a party of scraper drivers ... is the date, 1542. ref The Big Pasture was the scene of a well publicized wolf hunt by Theodore ... The Big Pasture covered a strip of land convert 29 mi km 0 north and south and convert 36 mi km ..., Oklahoma Hollister from east to west are located in what was the Big Pasture. Randlett is home to Big Pasture Public Schools , a consolidated school system serving Devol, Oklahoma Devol , Cookietown, Oklahoma Cookietown , and Randlett, Oklahoma Randlett . Before settlement, the Big Pasture was mostly ... Chronicles v035 v035p138.pdf The Big Pasture Chronicles of Oklahoma 35 2 April 1957 ... entries B BI003.html Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture Big Pasture Category Pre state history ... more details
Wansford Pasture is managed as a nature reserve by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Northamptonshire and Peterborough . ref http www.wildlifebcnp.org.uk reserves reserve.php?reserveid 79 Wildlife Trust Wansford Pasture ref It is designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest ref http www.english nature.org.uk Special sssi sssi details.cfm?sssi id 1003825 Natural England ref and lies to the west of the village of Wansford, Cambridgeshire Wansford in the unitary authority area of Peterborough . References references coord 52.582351 N 0.422973 E region GB source enwiki osgb36 TL069994 display title Note WGS84 lat long, converted from OSGB36 grid ref External links http www.wildlifebcnp.org Wildlife Trust of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Northamptonshire and Peterborough website Peterborough Cambridgeshire geo stub Category Nature reserves in Cambridgeshire Category Geography of Peterborough Category Geography of Cambridgeshire Category Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Cambridgeshire ... more details
Geobox Protected Area Name section name Briarcroft Pasture native name other name other name1 Category category local Site of Special Scientific Interest category iucn Image image image size image caption Country etc. country England region North East England North East region type Region district Stockton on Tees borough Stockton on Tees district type Unitary Authority city city1 Geography area unit ... 2000475,sssi,HYPERLINK,LABEL Map of site Briarcroft Pasture gbmapping NZ394193 is a 1.76 hectare biological ... . As such Briarcroft Pasture is one of 18 SSSIs in the List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest ... accessdate 2007 01 31 ref Briarcroft Pasture is nationally important for its Species richness ... lowland is becoming increasingly rare with associated species also becoming rare. Briarcroft Pasture ... example is Whitton Bridge Pasture an SSSI approximately 3 km to the north which was designated ... Pasture citation sheet url http www.english nature.org.uk citation citation photo 2000474.pdf work ... 2010 bot H3llBot ref Under the British National Vegetation Classification NVC , Briarcroft Pasture ... mesotrophic grassland because it represents a well drained and permanent pasture. In particular it is considered ... Pasture is predominantly Terminology used in connection with the British National Vegetation ... isbn 0 521 62719 2 page 63 ref ref name citation sheet cite web title Briarcroft Pasture citation ... is one of the dominant species in subcommunity MG5c and is found at Briarcroft Pasture. Briarcrift Pasture, located west of Stockton on Tees and close to Whinney Hill, County Durham , is a small site ... on the Map accessdate 2007 08 17 ref The underlying geology of Whitton Bridge Pasture is responsible ... citation sheet Located in North East England , Briarcroft Pasture experience a climate that differs ... A A There is no climate data for Briarcroft Pasture itself, therefore the average data for the East ... Pasture differs to the national climate. div References reflist 2 SSSIs Cleveland Category Stockton ... more details
Allen Pasture is a former Baseball ground located in Richmond, Virginia , USA. The ground was home to the Richmond Virginians 1884 Richmond Virginians of the American Association 19th century American Association in 1884. ref http www.baseball reference.com teams RIC attend.shtml Richmond Virginians Attendance Records and home park ref References references Coord 37 33 13.7 N 77 27 46.3 W display title Virginia stadium stub Category Defunct baseball venues Category Sports venues in Richmond, Virginia Category Article Feedback 5 ... more details
Brake is a surname of English people English origin and may refer to Brian Brake 1927 1988 , New Zealand photographer Patricia Brake b. 1942 , English television actress Tom Brake b. 1962 , British politician Colin Brake b. 1963 , English television writer and script editor Richard Brake , Welsh American actor See also Brake disambiguation surname Brake ... more details
An emergency brake is a separate brake system in a vehicle for use in case of failure of the regular hydraulic or air brakes and commonly used as a parking brake in automobiles. For road vehicles, see Hand brake For trains, see Emergency brake train disambig ... more details
Otheruses Brake A vehicle brake is a brake used to slow down a vehicle by converting its kinetic energy into heat. The basic hydraulic system, most commonly used, usually has six main stages. The brake automobile pedal pedal , the brake boost vacuum servos vacuum servo , the master cylinder , the apportioning valves and finally the wheel roadwheel brakes themselves. Friction brake A friction brake is a type of automotive brake that slows or stops a vehicle by converting kinetic energy into heat energy, via friction. The heat energy is then dissipated into the atmosphere. In most systems, the brake acts on the vehicle s roadwheel hubs, but some vehicles use brakes which act on the axle s or Transmission mechanics transmission . Friction brakes may be of either drum or disc type. Drum brake A drum brake is a brake in which the friction is caused by a set of brake shoe s that press against the inner surface of a rotating drum. The drum is connected to the rotating roadwheel hub. Disc brake The disc brake is a device for slowing or stopping the rotation of a road wheel. A brake disc or rotor in U.S. English , usually made of cast iron or ceramic , is connected to the wheel or the axle. To stop the wheel, friction material in the form of brake pad s mounted in a device called a brake caliper is forced mechanical engineering mechanically , hydraulics hydraulically , compressed air pneumatically ... and attached wheel to slow or stop. Electromagnetic brake Electromagnetic brake s slow an object .... See also Col begin col 3 Air brake road vehicle anti lock braking system Anti lock Braking System ABS Automobile Automobile accident Band brake Bicycle brake systems Brake bleeding Brake fade col 3 Brake fluid Brake lining Car safety Electromagnetic brake electronic brakeforce distribution Electronic Brakeforce Distribution Electronic Parking Brake Engine braking Hand brake col 3 Hydraulic brake Hydraulic fluid Inboard brake Just Brakes Line lock Murphy brake Parking brake Regenerative brake ... more details
Image Brake shoes.jpg thumb Drum brake shoes and linings A brake shoe is the part of a braking system which carries the brake lining in the drum brake s used on automobile s, or the brake block in Brake railway train brakes and bicycle brake s. Automobile drum brake The brake shoe carries the brake lining, which is rivet ed or glued to the shoe. When the brake is applied, the shoe moves and presses the lining against the inside of the drum. The friction between lining and drum provides the braking effort. Energy is dissipated as heat. Modern cars have disc brake s all round, or discs at the front and drums at the rear. An advantage of discs is that they can dissipate heat more quickly than drums so there is less risk of overheating. The reason for retaining drums at the rear is that a drum is more effective than a disc as a parking brake . Railway tread brake The brake shoe carries the brake block. The block was originally made of wood but is now usually cast iron . When the brake is applied, the shoe moves and presses the block against the tread of the wheel. As well as providing braking effort this also scrubs the wheel and keeps it clean. Tread brakes on passenger trains have now largely been superseded by disc brake s. Bicycle rim brake This comprises a pair of rectangular open boxes which are mounted on the brake caliper s of a bicycle and that hold the brake blocks which rub on the Bicycle brake systems Rim brakes rim of a bicycle wheel to slow the bicycle down or stop it. Cataloguing There are different systems for the cataloguing of brake shoes. The most frequently used system in Europe is the WVA number WVA numbering system . ref http www.vri.de 3.html WVA numbering system ref References reflist See also Brake pad commonscat Shoe brakes Category Mechanical engineering Category Brakes Category Vehicle braking technologies Category Article Feedback 5 engineering stub de Bremsklotz it Freno Numero di ceppi del tamburo ja ru ... more details
Air brake may refer to the following contexts Air brake aircraft , in aeronautics, a type of flight control system used on aircraft to reduce speed Air brake road vehicle , a type of brake used on large vehicles in place of hydraulic brakes, using compressed air Railway air brake , a type of brake operated by compressed air and used on locomotives and railroad cars disambig ja ... more details
wiktionarypar brake A brake is a device which inhibits motion. Its opposite component is a clutch . Brake may also refer to one of the following Transportation Brake , a device for slowing or stopping the motion of a machine Brake railway Brake carriage , a derelict wagon or carriage used as a drag to slow up or steady horses in training for draft work, see shooting brake Shooting brake , originally a brake as above pressed into temporary service for transporting shooting parties and their equipment, later purpose built see wagonette and later still a station wagon and currently also used originally as an absurdity for a high speed variant of a station wagon. Places Brake Unterweser , a city in Germany Brake, West Virginia Brake, a former independent city now incorporated into Lemgo , Germany Business Brake Bros Ltd , a food distributor in the UK and France Music Brakes band , the UK band known in America as BrakesBrakesBrakes The Brakes , a modern rock band from Philadelphia Brakes, a 2008 single from the UK band Royworld Other Brake, ferns of the genus Pteris Brake sheet metal bending , a tool for bending sheet metal Brake agriculture an agricultural machine used to separate the woody parts of a plant from the fibre for textile crops such as hemp and flax Brake surname Brake charity a road safety charity Brake film , a 2011 action film starring Stephen Dorff See also Braken disambiguation Break disambiguation disambig geo de Brake nl Brake pl Brake ujednoznacznienie ro Brake dezambiguizare vo Brake ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 A Solenoid Brake is an electrically controlled brake . The brake is turned on and off by an electrical solenoid . Typically a spring engages the brake when unpowered, and the solenoid releases it when powered. These are used along with a mechanical brake to manage the load on a cargo winch . They re also used in electric wheel chairs, hoists, printers, photocopiers, etc. DEFAULTSORT Solenoid Brake Tool stub Category Brakes ... more details
A steam brake is a type of brake for steam locomotive s and their tender rail tenders , whereby a steam cylinder locomotive cylinder works directly on the brake linkages. Steam brakes were primarily used on railways where vacuum brakes were used to brake the train, but where there was no vacuum brake on the steam locomotive itself, as for example in the United Kingdom , or where there was only a cable operated brake e.g. a Heberlein brake running along the train, like for example in Kingdom of Saxony Saxony on the narrow gauge railways. Steam brakes are usually found today on heritage steam locomotives. Operation Steam is supplied to the steam brake cylinders from the locomotive boiler via a valve the brake valve which may have several fixed settings or be infinitely variable. The piston in the steam cylinder is set in motion by the steam admitted, the piston rod transfers the brake force via a system of rods to the brake block s of the vehicle, thus achieving the braking effect. A return spring returns the piston to its rest position as soon as the steam supply is interrupted. The expanded and condensed steam is drained from the steam cylinder through a drain valve Entw sserungsventil . Direct steam brake A steam brake acts directly and immediately the sudden opening of the brake valve can result in a slight overbraking by locking the wheels. The operation of a steam brake therefore requires a great deal of experience from the engine driver . Vacuum controlled steam brake A steam brake can be operated directly by a lever valve and also indirectly together with the vacuum brake. In the latter case, a control valve linked to the vacuum system controls the admission of steam to the brake cylinder, so that the steam brake can be activated automatically in an emergency or if the train separates the so called automatic steam brake . Literature Hodgson, Lake Locomotive Management 9th Edition, 1948 . The St Margaret s Technical Press Ltd Railway brakes Category Brakes Category ... more details
Lippe Brake was a county located in Germany . It was created in 1613 following the death of Simon VI, Count of Lippe Count Simon VI of Lippe with his realm being split between his three sons with his second son Otto, Count of Lippe Brake Otto receiving the territory of Lippe Brake. On the death of Count Louis Ferdinand, Count of Lippe Brake Louis Ferdinand in 1709 Lippe Brake was inherited by the senior Lippe Detmold line. Counts of Lippe Brake 1613 1709 Otto, Count of Lippe Brake Otto 1613 1659 Casimir, Count of Lippe Brake Casimir 1659 1700 Rudolph, Count of Lippe Brake Rudolph 1700 1707 Louis Ferdinand, Count of Lippe Brake Louis Ferdinand 1707 1709 To Lippe Detmold in 1709 . See also List of consorts of Lippe Countess of Lippe Brake List of consorts of Lippe References http www.hostkingdom.net gerI M.html Regnal chronology http www.genealogienetz.de reg NRHE WFA lippe chrono.html Chronology of Lippe coord missing Category Former countries in Europe Category States of the Holy Roman Empire Germany hist stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 A band brake is a primary or secondary brake , consisting of a band of friction material that tightens concentrically around a cylindrical piece of equipment to either prevent it from rotating a static or holding brake , or to slow it a dynamic brake . This application is common on winch drums and chain saw s and is also used for some bicycle brake s. Another application is the locking of gear rings in epicyclic gearing . Advantages and disadvantages Band brakes can be simple, compact, rugged, and can generate high force with a light input force. However, band brakes are prone to grabbing or chatter and loss of brake force when hot. These problems are inherent with the design and thus limit where band brakes are a good solution. Effectiveness One way to describe the effectiveness of the brake is as math e mu theta math , where math mu math is the coefficient of friction between band and drum, and math theta math is the angle of wrap. With a large math mu theta math , the brake is very effective and requires low input force to achieve high brake force, but is also very sensitive to changes in math mu math . For example light rust on the drum may cause the brake to grab or chatter, water may cause the brake to slip, and rising temperatures in braking may cause the coefficient of friction to drop slightly but in turn cause brake force to drop greatly. Using a band material with low math mu math increases the input force required to achieve a given brake force, but some low math mu math materials also have more consistent math mu math across the range of working temperatures. See also Bicycle brake systems Band brake Bicycle band brakes References references DEFAULTSORT Band Brake Category Brakes Tech stub fi Pantajarru ... more details
Image Boom Brake White Back.jpg right thumb Boom brake with line. The brake shackles to the bottom of the boom, and the line attaches to the base of the shrouds tensioning the line actuates the brake. A boom brake is a device designed to control the swing of the Boom sailing boom on a sailboat . The boom brake acts as a preventer when sailing downwind, and can also be used to jibe US or gybe UK the mainsail in a slow measured action. Uncontrolled jibes often damage elements of the rig, and can inflict serious and sometimes fatal injuries to crew in the path of the boom or the mainsheet and associated hardware. The brake usually rides on a line running perpendicular to the boom when the boom brake is actuated, it grabs the line and either works as a preventer, or slows the boom s speed while jibing. The brake is actuated by either tensioning the line upon which it rides or using a second line to tension the brake relative to the main line. References Mainsheet magazine, Vol. 23, No 2, May 2005 Category Sailing ship components mech engineering stub naval stub Sailing ship elements ... more details
A countersteam brake is a brake on a steam locomotive that uses the engine specifically the cylinder locomotive cylinders to help brake the locomotive. It uses the working principle of steam cylinders fitted with slide valve slide or piston valve steam engine piston valve s such that, by changing the configuration of the valve gear , the motion of the valves is also altered such that they work in opposition to the movement of the pistons. Because of the inertia of a steam locomotive in its initial direction of travel, changing the direction in which the steam cylinders have to work acts first to brake the movement of the connecting rod , which in turn slows the transmission of power to the drive of the locomotive until it stops. The countersteam brake is often confused with the counterpressure brake , which works with air, not steam, and acts as a dynamic brake. Unlike the countersteam brake, the counterpressure brake is permitted to be used as an independent braking system in its own right. Operation The countersteam brake is actually not a brake in the true sense but simply a way of using the working principle of a steam engine to produce a braking effect. It is therefore not a separate component of a steam locomotive. Countersteam braking is however only achievable with piston valves. On simple slide valves, no opposing steam admission is possible due to the way they are constructed. Using the countersteam brake, experienced locomotive drivers can reverse the running direction ... engine may result. On steam locomotives without a second independent brake system like e.g. a compressed air brake , vacuum brake or steam brake for the engine, in addition to the usual counterweight or fixed brake, the countersteam brake was used as a braking system. Today, steam locomotives generally have to have two independent brake systems in order to be licensed, so that the countersteam brake is not viewed as a braking system, but is nevertheless still used. Sources Heym ... more details
cleanup article date March 2008 citations missing article date March 2008 Brake force , also known as Brake Power , is a measure of braking power of a vehicle. In the case of railways, it is important that staff are aware of the brake force of a locomotive so sufficient brake power will be available on trains, particularly heavy freight trains. See also tractive effort continuous tractive effort power at rail References reflist External links http www.twoof.freeserve.co.uk motion1.htm A simple guide to train physics physics stub train stub Category Rail transport Category Introductory physics ... more details
One source date July 2008 Image drum brake.jpg thumb right A drum brake with the drum removed as used on the rear wheel of a car or truck. Note that in this installation, a cable operated parking brake uses the service shoes. Image W800 drum brake.jpg thumb right A drum brake at the rear wheel of a motorbike Kawasaki W800 A drum brake is a brake in which the friction is caused by a set of Brake shoe shoes or Brake pad pads that press against a rotating drum shaped part called a brake drum. The term drum brake usually means a brake in which shoes press on the Brake lining inner surface of the drum. When shoes press on the outside of the drum, it is usually called a Railway brake clasp brake . Where the drum is pinched between two shoes, similar to a conventional disk brake , it is sometimes called a pinch drum brake , although such brakes are relatively rare. A related type of brake uses a flexible belt or band wrapping around the outside of a drum, called a band brake . History The modern automobile drum brake was invented in 1902 by Louis Renault industrialist Louis Renault , though a less sophisticated drum brake had been used by Maybach a year earlier. In the first drum brakes, the shoes ... brake drums on the front wheels of cars were gradually replaced with disc brake s and now practically ..., drum brakes are still often used for Parking brake handbrake s as it has proven very difficult to design a disc brake suitable for holding a car when it is not in use. Moreover, it is very easy to fit a drum handbrake inside a disc brake so that one unit serves as both service brake and handbrake. Early type brake shoes contained asbestos . When working on brake systems of older cars, care must be taken not to inhale any dust present in the brake assembly. The United States Federal Government began to regulate asbestos production, and brake manufacturers had to switch to non asbestos linings ... components of the drum brake assembly are the back plate, the brake drum and shoe, the wheel cylinder ... more details
Merge to Vacuum servo date September 2010 unreferenced date February 2010 A Brake booster is an enhanced master cylinder setup used to reduce the amount of pedal pressure needed for braking. It employs a booster set up to act with the master cylinder to give higher hydraulic pressure to the brakes and or lower force applied on the brake pedal. The brake booster usually uses vacuum from the engine intake to boost the force applied by the pedal on to the master cylinder, or may employ an extra vacuum pump to enable it. Without the engine running the brake pedal feels very hard and ineffective on the braking capability. Apart from this additional booster setup, the braking system is a normal Hydraulic brake system. Category Vehicle braking technologies automotive tech stub ... more details
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