About the passivevoice generally the passivevoice in English English passivevoicePassivevoice is a Voice grammar grammatical voice common in many of the world s languages. Passive is used in a clause ... in active voice . Many languages have both an active and a passivevoice this allows for greater ..., p. 272 ref The use of passivevoice allows speakers to organize stretches of discourse by placing ..., recipient, or other Thematic relation thematic role . ref name Saeed Passivevoice may also ... . Chicago University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0 226 12090 2 ref The passivevoice may also be used ... forms to indicate passivevoice. In some languages, such as Latin grammar Latin , passivevoice ... passivevoice. V num serv port tur . The wine is carried by the servant. Compare this sentence, which .... North Germanic language s also use a verb conjugated passivevoice. citation needed date May 2011 ... languages Kimaragang Dusun uses an infix , in , to indicate passivevoice. ref name Kroeger Kroeger ... voice in English Main English passivevoice English, like some other languages, uses a Periphrasis periphrastic passive. Rather than conjugating directly for voice, English uses the Participle past participle form of the verb plus an auxiliary verb , either be or get , to indicate passivevoice ... , have urged minimizing use of the passivevoice. However, the passivevoice has important uses. Jan Freeman of The Boston Globe states a ll good writers use the passivevoice including Orwell and Strunk & White themselves, in the sections of their essays criticizing the passivevoice. ref cite news title Active resistance What we get wrong about the passivevoice first Jan last Freeman authorlink ... good writers use the passivevoice. ref There is general agreement that the passivevoice is useful ... several Southeast Asian languages, use a form of passivevoice to indicate that an action or event ... passivevoice in terms of syntactic structure&mdash that is, a theme or instrument acts as subject ... more details
About the passivevoice in English the passivevoice generally, including its use in other languages Passivevoice English grammar The passivevoice is a grammar grammatical construction a Voice grammar ... language , the English passivevoice is formed with an auxiliary verb usually be or get plus a participle ... the passivevoice. The subject denotes the person Caesar affected by the action of the verb. The counterpart ..., or agent, Brutus. A sentence featuring the passivevoice is sometimes called a passive sentence , and a verb phrase in passivevoice is sometimes called a passive verb . ref name Cam Cite book last ... and field. Some style sheets discourage use of passivevoice, ref Cite web author Nature Publishing ... , 1919 discourage the English passive, its usefulness is recognized passivevoice here in cases ... sentence in which the agent is unmentioned or marginalised is an example of the passivevoice ... and the agent are the gerund stabbing . See English passivevoice Misapplication of the term ... the passivevoice Many language critics and language usage manuals discourage use of the passive ... voice, eschewing the stationary passive, with its little auxiliary its s and was s , and its ... voice blockquote The active voice is usually more direct and vigorous than the passive . . . This rule does not, of course, mean that the writer should entirely discard the passivevoice, which ... active voice forms into passivevoice forms, because doing so sometimes leads to bad grammar ... recommended the active voice as an elementary principle of composition Never use the passive where ... Active voice makes subjects do something to something passivevoice permits subjects to have something ..., passivevoice flabbier, more indirect, and wordier. If you want your words to seem impersonal, indirect, and noncommittal, passive is the choice, but otherwise, active voice is almost invariably ... words and magical conjuring ... passivevoice mystifies accountability by erasing who or what performs ... more details
The impersonal passivevoice is a verb Grammatical voicevoice that decreases the Valency linguistics valency of an intransitive verb which has valency one to zero. The impersonal passive deletes the subject grammar subject of an intransitive verb . In place of the verb s subject, the construction instead may include a syntactic placeholder, also called a dummy . This placeholder has neither thematic nor referential content. A similar example is the word there in the English phrase There are three books. The deleted verb argument argument can be reintroduced as an oblique argument or complement . Test of unergative verbs In most languages that allow impersonal passives, only unergative verb s may undergo impersonal passivization. Unaccusative verb s may not. The ability to undergo this transformation is a frequently used test to distinguish unergative and unaccusative verbs. In Turkish language Turkish , for example, the verb al mak to work is unergative and may therefore be passivized Burada al l r. here work PASS PRESENT Here it is worked. The verb lmek to die , however, is unaccusative and may not be passivized nowiki nowiki Burada l n r. here die PASS PRESENT Here it is died. German German language German has an impersonal passivevoice, as shown in the examples below Active Voice Die Kinder schlafen. The children sleep. Impersonal PassiveVoice Es wird geschlafen. It is slept. Someone is sleeping. In the latter example, the subject Die Kinder , the children has ... passivevoice, also called intransitive passive, since it is built from intransitive verbs. The verb ... object in Venetian marked by a to , still it is often used in the impersonal passive Xe st te efon ... voice Gav o parl co Marco? have you spoken to Mark? Literally Have you pl. spoken to Mark? See also Grammatical voice Reflexive verb External links http www.wm.edu modlang gasmit grammar passive impspass.htm The Impersonal Passive in German http cslipublications.stanford.edu HPSG 3 schoof.pdf Impersonal ... more details
wiktionary Passive may refer to Passive song Passive song , by A Perfect Circle Passivevoice , a grammatical voice common in many languages Passive house , a standard for energy efficiency in buildings Passive psi , psychic abilities involving cognition Passive language , a language from which an interpreter works Passivity engineering a property of engineering systems, particularly in analog electronics and control systems Passivity behavior , the condition of submitting to the influence of one s superior or superiors Passive aggressive behavior , resistance to following through with expectations in interpersonal or occupational situations Passivation , process of making a material passive in relation to another material prior to using the materials together See also Active disambiguation Passive mode in File Transfer Protocol Bottom sex for passive partner in a sexual activity disambiguation da Passiv de Passiv fr Passif ru sk Pas vnos sv Passiv uk zh ... more details
, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press. ref Accordingly, if passivevoice is chosen, the person or thing becomes an affected participant of the action theme . And that the passive constructions have the following characteristics a the subject of the passive clause is a direct object in the corresponding ...refimprove date September 2009 Pseudo passive is a grammatical category that describes the relationship between the action and the participants identified by its argument to their thematic relations. It is common in English language spoken English . Thus, when the subject is the patient, target or undergoer of the action, it is said to be in Grammatical voice the passivevoice . However, as a voice of the passivization only occurs when the PATIENT or other objects of a grammatical encoding in general is mapped to SUBJECT in lexical mapping from OBJECT of a grammatical encoding, the pseudo passives are called false passives . Form The pseudo passive is formed with have or get an object the participle of the verb ref Carter, R., McCarthy, M. 2006, Cambridge Grammar of English, Cambridge University Press, pp. 778 797. ref Examples Ancient Egyptians had their cats respected. Do Asians have their cows respected today? Generatives As it is assumed incorrectly as the transformation of Subject grammar subject and Object grammar object relations of arguments in passivized thematic relations, the descriptiveness of pseudo passive in transformational grammar TG is out of context as to its theta role . It is shown that the Object grammar direct object position in this construction is restricted to NPs that lack Deep structure level projections. As a result, the direct object can only receive a non specific interpretation, resists certain types of modification, extraction, and scope interactions ... or agentive adjunct For some linguists stative passives qualify as passive only if the passive is defined ... Category Grammatical voices Category Conjugations Voice Category Syntactic entities ... more details
Passive speaker s can refer to Powered speakers Passive speakers Passive speaker , a type of loudspeaker Passive speakers language , people who can understand but not speak a language dab ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Passive stretching is a form of static stretching in which an external force exerts upon the limb to move it into the new position. This is in contrast to active stretching . Passive stretching resistance is normally achieved through the force of gravity on the limb or on the body weighing down on it. It can also be achieved with the help of a partner, stretch bands, or mechanical devices. The more force exerted on the limb, the less time it will take to drop lower into the stretch. It is a fallacy that passive stretching will lead to an increase in injury risk . As long as you gradually go into a stretch instead of a sudden stretch the risk of injury is no more than relaxed stretching. See also PNF stretching Stretching DEFAULTSORT Passive Stretching Category Exercise ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Passive acoustics is the action of listening for sounds, often at specific frequencies or for purposes of specific analyses. As applied to underwater acoustics, also termed hydroacoustics or SONAR , passive acoustics can be used to listen for underwater explosion s, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, sounds produced by fish and other animals, vessel activity or aquatic detecting equipment as in hydroacoustics to track fish . Science stub hydroacoustics DEFAULTSORT Passive Acoustics Category Ichthyology ... more details
Orphan date April 2010 A passive investor is one who does not participate in the day to day decisions of running a company. In partnerships, such investors may be deemed limited partner s rather than general partner s. According to Steve Penman, The passive investor assumes the market is efficient and that stocks are correctly priced to reflect the risk involved in buying the stock. ref http lsyld.wcu.edu 20040530.pdf ref A passive investor relies on the controlling stakeholder s and the management to conduct the business of the corporation in such a way as both to maximize its value and to share the upside potential with the passive investor. ref citation title The roles of the state and the market in establishing property rights author A Rapaczynski publisher The Journal of Economic Perspectives date 1996 ref See also Passive management References Reflist Category Investment ... more details
Passive income is an income received on a regular basis, with little effort required to maintain it. The American Internal Revenue Service categorizes income into three broad types, active earned income, passive income, and portfolio income. It defines passive income as income from trade or business activities in which you do not materially participate. ref cite web url http www.irs.gov taxtopics tc425.html title Topic 425 Passive Activities Losses and Credits accessdate 2009 06 18 ref Other financial and government institutions also recognize it as an income obtained as a result of capital growth or in relation to negative gearing . Passive income is usually Taxable income taxable . Some examples of passive income are Earnings from a business that does not require direct involvement from the owner or merchant Renting Rent from property Royalties from publishing a book or from licensing a patent or other form of intellectual property, such as computer software product Earnings from internet advertisements on websites ref Ernest R.Larkins International applications of U.S. income tax law John Wiley & Sons 2004 P.288 ref Dividend and interest income from owning securities, such as stock s and Bond finance bonds , is usually referred to as portfolio finance portfolio income, which may or may not be considered a form of passive income. In the United States, portfolio income is considered a different type of income than passive income Pension s. ref Clarence F. McCarthy, Billy M. Mann, William H. Gregory The Federal income tax its sources and applications Prentice Hall, 1971 page 74 ref The IRS has a specific definition of passive income that excludes some of the incomes listed above. Royalties, for example, are, according to the Service guide, generally non passive in nature ... to be non passive. ref http www.irs.gov businesses small article 0,,id 146330,00.html ref ref ... terms p passiveincome.asp Passive income , Investopedia http www.moneysmart.gov.au investing investment ... more details
Passive obedience is a religious and political doctrine advocating the absolute supremacy of the Crown and the treatment of any dissent or more precisely, disobedience as sinful and unlawful. It was usually associated with the seventeenth century Church of England and the Scottish Episcopal Church of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and was central to the ideology of the Tory British political party Tory Party and the Jacobitism Jacobites . It is most generally seen in reference to Tory opposition to the Glorious Revolution , which saw Parliamentary determination of the succession of the English crown against primogeniture and the wishes of James II of England James II . The most notable publication was Bishop George Berkeley s A Discourse on Passive Obedience on Christian Doctrine of not resisting the Supreme Power. The Scottish theologian John Cameron theologian John Cameron s support for passive obedience at the start of the 17th century meant that he was principal of the University of Glasgow for less than a year. In Calvinism , salvation depends on Christ s active obedience, obeying the laws and commands of God the Father, and passive obedience, enduring the punishment of the crucifixion suffering all the just penalties due to men for their sins. The two are seen as distinct but inseparable passive obedience on its own only takes men back to the state of Adam before the Fall. ref http www.banneroftruth.org pages articles article detail.php?1179 ref ref http www.apuritansmind.com Justification McMahonActivePassiveObedienceJesus.htm ref Passive obedience appears twice in Victor Hugo s Les Miserables , first as a scene heading The Heroism of Passive Obedience when the bishop entertains Valjean, and later in the text on the impact of armies when describing French intervention in Spain in 1823. It is not to be confused with passive resistance , a doctrine advocating .... Notes Reflist External links http www.econlib.org library LFBooks Hume hmMPL36.html David Hume Of Passive ... more details
Passive daylighting is a system of both collecting sunlight using static, non moving, and non tracking systems such as Window s, Sliding glass door s, most skylight window skylight s, light tube s, and reflecting the collected daylight deeper inside with elements such as light shelves . Passive daylighting systems are different from active daylighting systems in that active systems track and or follow the sun, and rely on mechanical mechanisms to do so. Collecting Collecting devices rely on their position to most effectively capture sunlight. A building s position as well as architectural considerations are critical in the effectiveness of passive daylighting. Passive daylight systems are typically non mechanical, and optimal daylighting efficiency is achieved by proper building and system orientation. A southern facing orientation is optimal if a building or system is located in the northern hemisphere , and a northern facing orientation is optimal if located in the southern hemisphere . ref http www.nrel.gov learning re passive solar.html ref Reflecting Reflecting elements such as light shelves , lighter wall colors, mirror ed wall sections, interior walls with upper glass panels, and clear or translucent glassed hinged door s and Sliding glass doors take the captured light and passively reflect it further inside. The light can be from passive vertical windows or overhead skylights tubes or active daylighting sources. In traditional Japanese architecture the Sh ji sliding panel doors, with translucent washi screens, are an original precedent. International style architecture ... innovators of this passive penetration and reflection in industrial, commercial, and residential applications. The use of all these passive daylighting methods reduces energy consumption from artificial ... development Passive solar Passive solar building design Daylighting Daylight factor Active daylighting Passive house Low energy house Sustainability Sustainable architecture References references ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2008 Image semi hydro33.jpg thumb 260px Cattleya transferred to passive hydroponics culture 5 weeks earlier. Rich development of surface roots. Passive hydroponics , semi hydroponics or passive subirrigation is a method of growing plants without soil , peat moss , or bark . Instead an inert porous medium transports water and fertilizer to the root s by capillary action . Water and fertilizer are held in a reservoir and conducted to the roots as necessary, reducing labor and providing a constant supply of water to the roots. In the simplest method, the pot sits in a shallow solution of fertilizer and water or on a capillary mat saturated with nutrient solution. Since Planned maintenance routine maintenance is much simplified, passive hydroponics can reduce the labor required to maintain a large collection of plants. The various hydroponic media available contain more air space than more traditional potting mixes, delivering increased oxygen to the roots. Allowing air to reach the roots is particularly important in preventing root rot in Epiphyte epiphytic plants such as Orchidaceae orchids and Bromeliaceae bromeliads , whose roots are exposed to the air in nature. Passive hydroponics also may add additional ambient humidity through evaporation. It is important in passive subirrigation to wash out the system from time to time to remove salt accumulation. Plants that require drying between waterings or a dry dormant period may fail to thrive under the constant moisture of passive hydroponics. Media Many media are available for passive hydroponics, but the most common are expanded clay pellets, coconut husk chips, perlite , vermiculite , Diatomaceous earth diatomite , charcoal , and rockwool . These are frequently used in combination. See also Hydroponics Gardening Category Hydroponics sv Semi hydroponic f r odling av orkid er ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Passive Restraints Type EP Artist Clutch band Clutch Cover Clutch Passive Restraints.jpg Released 1992 Recorded 1992 Genre Hardcore Punk , Heavy metal music Heavy Metal Length Label Earache Records Producer Larry Packer Last album Pitchfork album Pitchfork br 1991 This album Passive Restraints br 1992 Next album Transnational Speedway League Anthems, Anecdotes, and Undeniable Truths Transnational Speedway League br 1993 Album ratings rev1 Allmusic rev1score Rating 3 5 ref Allmusic class album id r190819 pure url yes Allmusic review ref Passive Restraints is the second extended play EP by rock and roll rock band Clutch band Clutch . It was released on CD and 12 vinyl in April 1992, and contains three songs. The EP was re released in 1997, with 2 tracks added from the same era, as Impetus album Impetus . Track listing tracklist total length title1 Passive Restraints length1 title2 Impetus length2 title3 High Caliber Consecrator length3 References reflist External links http www.pro rock.com Clutch s official website Clutchband Category Clutch albums Category 1992 EPs Category Earache Records EPs 1990s rock album stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Passive monitoring is a technique used to capture traffic from a network by generating a copy of that traffic, often from a span port or mirror port or via a network tap . Once the data a stream of frames or packets has been extracted, it can be used in many ways. It can be analyzed in a sniffer such as Wireshark It can be examined for flows of traffic, providing information on top talkers in a network as well as TCP round trip time. It can be reassembled according to an application s state machine into end user activity for example, into database queries, e mail messages, and so on. This kind of technology is common in Real user monitoring Real User Monitoring when applied to the http protocol in web applications. In some cases, http reassembly is further analyzed for web analytics Passive monitoring can be very helpful in troubleshooting performance problems once they have occurred. Passive monitoring differs from synthetic monitoring in that it relies on actual inbound web traffic to take measurements, so problems can only be discovered after they have occurred. While initially viewed as competitive to synthetic monitoring approaches, most networking professionals now recognize that passive and synthetic monitoring are complementary. DEFAULTSORT Passive Monitoring Category Network management ... more details
A passive margin is the transition between oceanic crust oceanic and continental crust which is not an active ... that was originally created by rifting is known as a passive margin. Global distribution Image globald.png right thumb 250 px Map showing the distribution of Earth s passive margins brown swaths . Passive margins are found at every ocean and continent boundary that is not marked by a strike slip fault or a subduction zone. Passive margins define the region around the Atlantic Ocean , Arctic Ocean ... and most of Antarctica . East Asia also contains some passive margins. Key components Active vs. passive ... are boundaries of tectonic plates plates or not. Volcanic passive margin Active margins are found ... of active margins. While a weld between oceanic and continental crusts are called a passive ... formation and migration are all very active processes on passive margins. Passive margins are only passive ... Bathymetric profile across a typical passive margin. Note that vertical scale is greatly exaggerated relative to the horizontal scale. Passive margins consist of both onshore coastal plain and offshore ... River Mackenzie rivers drain across passive margins. Extensive Estuary estuaries are common on mature passive margins. Although there are many kinds of passive margins, the shape morphologies of most passive margins are remarkably similar. Typically they consist of a continental shelf, continental slope ... defined by the underlying transitional crust and the sedimentation above it. Passive margins defined ..., the nearshore morphology of passive margins may reflect glacial processes, such as the fjords ... to horizontal scale. Image Volcanic passive margin.svg right thumb upright 1.2 Cross section through transitional crust of a passive margin. Transitional crust as a largely volcanic construct. Note vertical scale is greatly exaggerated relative to horizontal scale. The main features of passive margins lie underneath the external characters. Beneath passive margins the transition between the continental ... more details
Orphan date September 2010 Passive drinking , like passive smoking , refers to the damage done to others as a result of drinking alcoholic beverage s. These include the unborn fetus and children of parents who drink excessively, drunk driver s, accidents, domestic violence and alcohol related sexual assault s ref Cite web last Smith first Rebecca date 2010 03 16 title Passive drinking is blighting the nation, Sir Liam Donaldson warns publisher The Daily Telegraph url http www.telegraph.co.uk health healthnews 5000433 Passive drinking is blighting the nation Sir Liam Donaldson warns.html accessdate 2010 05 30 ref On 2 February 2010 Eurocare , the European Alcohol Policy Alliance, organised a seminar on The Social Cost of Alcohol Passive drinking . ref Cite web last first date 2010 02 25 title The Social Cost of Alcohol Passive drinking Eurocare event publisher European Alcohol Policy Alliance url http www.epha.org a 3885 accessdate 2010 05 30 ref On 21 May 2010 the World Health Organization reached a consensus at the World Health Assembly on a resolution to confront the harmful use of alcohol. ref Cite web last first date 2010 05 21 title Call for action to reduce the harmful use of alcohol publisher World Health Organization url http www.who.int mediacentre news releases 2010 alcohol 20100521 en index.html accessdate 2010 05 30 ref The phrase passive drinking first appears in 1988 ref Cite web last Bruce Briggs first B. date 1988 04 25 title THE HEALTH POLICE ARE BLOWING SMOKE Bolstered by bad science, the war on passive smoking is a trial run for a larger program of social manipulation. publisher CNN url http money.cnn.com magazines fortune fortune archive 1988 04 25 70438 ... of passive drinking publisher The Independent url http www.independent.co.uk life style health and families ... of passive drinking 1469632.html accessdate 2010 05 30 ref both times referring to the possibility ... dates date September 2010 DEFAULTSORT Passive Drinking Category Alcohol abuse Category Drinking culture ... more details
Infobox single See Wikipedia WikiProject Songs Name Passive Cover a perfect circle passive.png Caption Artist A Perfect Circle from Album Emotive album eMOTIVe A side B side Released 2005 Format Recorded Genre Alternative metal , Experimental rock Length 04 09 Label Writer Maynard James Keenan , Billy Howerdel , Danny Lohner , Trent Reznor Producer Billy Howerdel Certification Chart position Last single Imagine A Perfect Circle Song Imagine br 2004 This single Passive br 2005 Next single Misc Passive is a song from the band A Perfect Circle s 2004 album Emotive album eMOTIVe The song is a remake of the song Vacant by the now defunct band Tapeworm band Tapeworm . ref cite web url http nin.com access 2 26 index.html title Access author Trent Reznor publisher nin.com date 2005 02 26 accessdate 2008 02 01 ref Vacant was notably first performed by A Perfect Circle without Trent Reznor s agreement. Track listing tracklist collapsed no title1 Passive Radio Edit length1 4 00 title2 Passive Album Version Clean length2 4 08 Video The song is used in the film Constantine film Constantine and the music video uses imagery from the film Angela Dodson Rachel Weisz s character entering hell with band shot with thermal cameras playing in hell. James Iha and Jeordie White did not appear in the video since they both left the band prior to the single instead with Paz Lenchantin and Danny Lohner joining Maynard James Keenan , Billy Howerdel and Josh Freese in the band lineup for the video. References references A Perfect Circle Category 2004 singles gl Passive tr Passive ark ... more details
Refimprove date August 2007 Image Signalreflectors.JPG thumb right 250px A typical microwave repeater link setup, this one located near Wire Mountain Salt Lake City, Utah , United States of America USA File Ripetitori passivi.jpg thumb upright Passive repeater in unknown location A passive radio link deflection , or passive repeater is a outside plant plant for the implementation of a microwave link , in which because of an obstacle in the signal path no direct Line of sight propagation line of sight microwave link is possible. It has the advantage over the installation of a microwave radio relay station with active components, that at the place of the installation no electricity supply is required and that no further frequencies are needed at repeater stations with active components usually different frequencies for reception and transmission are used, in order to prevent feedbacks . The corresponding disadvantage is that the returned signal is significantly weaker. Passive radio relay link deflection systems in the vertical level can be realized by receiving the signal with a parabolic antenna and leading it through a waveguide to a second parabolic antenna, where it is radiated. For passive microwave radio relay link deflections in the horizontal plane, flat surfaces of metallic material are used, arranged so that the angle of incoming beam corresponds to the angle of the outcoming signal. The resulting structure resembles a billboard advertising billboard . For small deflection angles, cavity prisms can be used. Similar systems are used also occasionally for TV relay transmitter s or as tunnel transmitter . Here a Yagi antenna receives the signal of the transmitter and supplies it by way of a coaxial cable to a second antenna. External links http long lines.net places routes Thurmont repeater index.html Microwave passive repeater in Maryland Category Telecommunications infrastructure de Passive Richtfunkumlenkung it Ripetitore ... more details
Passive intellect is a term used in philosophy to refer to the Matter philosophy material aspect of the intellect nous , in accordance with the theory of hylomorphism . Aristotle In Aristotle Aristotle s philosophy of mind , the passive intellect nous pathetikos is what it is by becoming all things. ref Aristotle, De Anima , Bk. III, ch. 5 430 sup a sup 10 25 . ref By this Aristotle means that the passive intellect can potentially become anything by receiving that thing s intelligible form . The active intellect nous poietikos is then required to illuminate the passive intellect to make the potential knowledge into knowledge in act, in the same way that light makes potential colors into actual colors. The analysis is of this distinction in On the Soul is very brief, and it has led to dispute as to what it means. Interpretations Later philosophers, including Averroes and Thomas Aquinas St. Thomas Aquinas , have proposed mutually exclusive interpretations of Aristotle s distinction between the active and passive intellect. Other terms used are material intellect and potential intellect , the point being that the active intellect works on the passive intellect to produce knowledge acquired intellect , in the same way that actuality works on potentiality or form on matter. Averroes held that the passive intellect, being analogous to unformed matter, is a single substance common to all minds, and that the differences between individual minds are rooted in their phantasms as the product of the differences in the history of their sense perceptions. In the Works by Thomas Aquinas Disputed Questions on the Soul Quaestiones disputatae de Anima Thomas Aquinas argues against this position and asserts that while the passive intellect is one specifically, numerically it is many, as each individual person has their own passive intellect. References reflist Commentarium magnum in Aristotelis De anima libros , ed. Crawford, Cambridge Mass. 1953 Latin translation of Averroes long commentary ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2009 Passive review is the opposite of active recall , in which the learning material is processed passively e.g. by reading, watching, etc . For example, to improve your memory through passive review, you learn in this way you read a text today to not forget it, you repeat it tomorrow and then you repeat 4 days later and then 8, 16, 32, 64, etc., days later. You don t ask yourself to explain the content of the text, but only reread the content. If you think to recall something, you are more likely to keep it in your memory. Passive review is a simple method but it is not as effective. Active recall is more complicated and difficult because it forces you to recall something but it is highly effective. Category Learning Edu stub hu Passz v tn z s ... more details
In complexation catalysis, the term passive binding refers to any stabilizing interaction that is equally strong at the transition state level and in the reactant catalyst complex. Having the same effect on the stability of the transition state and the reactant catalyst complex, passive binding contributes to acceleration only if the equilibrium between the unassociated reactant and catalyst and their complex is not completely shifted to the right. It was defined by A.J. Kirby in 1996 as opposed to the dynamic binding chemistry dynamic binding , i.e. the whole of interactions that are stronger at the transition state level than in the reactant catalyst complex. ref A.J. Kirby Angewandte Chemie International Edition 1996 35 706 724. ref See also Catalysis References Reflist Category Physical organic chemistry ... more details
Passive dynamics is an approach to Robotics robotic movement control especially walking , based on utilising ... of a mechanical system as a basis for necessary controls. Passive dynamics are used to create ... traditional robots, which expend energy by using motors to control every motion, McGeer s early passive ... down a slope. Models The original model for passive dynamics is based on human and animal leg motions ... s 1990 paper Passive Walking with Knees provides an excellent overview on the advantages of knees ... website. Passive dynamics is a valuable addition to the field of controls because it approaches the control ... have always been based on the mechanical actions physics of a system, passive dynamics utilizes the discovery ... is the ability of the mechanical system to accomplish control functions. Applying passive dynamics Adding actuation to passive dynamic walkers result in highly efficient robotic walkers. Such walkers ... volume 63 pages 413 419 pmid 1137237 issue 4 ref Passive dynamic walkers such as the Cornell University ... Ruina title A 3 D Passive Dynamic Walking Robot with Two Legs and Knees journal International Journal ... have the same specific cost of transport as humans, 0.20. Not incidentally, passive dynamic walkers have human like gaits. By comparison, Honda s biped ASIMO , which does not utilize the passive dynamics ... Martijn Wisse Andy Ruina Russ Tedrake title Efficient bipedal robots based on passive dynamic ... year 2005 ref The current distance record for walking robots, 65.17 km, is held by the passive ... exciting application for passive dynamics is its use in prosthetics . Since passive dynamics provides ... have done extensive research in developing better foot prosthetics by utilizing passive dynamics. ref ... journal author Tad McGeer title Passive dynamic walking journal International Journal of Robotics Research ... Steve H Collins Martijn Wisse Andy Ruina title A 3 D Passive Dynamic Walking Robot with Two Legs ... Tedrake title Efficient bipedal robots based on passive dynamic Walkers journal Science year 2005 ... more details
For passive solar houses passive solar building design Image Passivhaus Darmstadt Kranichstein Fruehling 2006.JPG thumb 300px One of the original 1990 Passive Houses , located in Darmstadt , Germany . The term passive house Passivhaus in German refers to the rigorous, voluntary, Passivhaus standard for efficient ... environment The Secrets of a Passive House , New York Times website, September 25, 2010. Retrieved September 27, 2010. ref ref http www.passivhaustagung.de Passive House E passivehouse definition.html Definition of Passive House ref A similar standard, Minergie MINERGIE P , is used in Switzerland ... also been constructed to the standard. Passive design is not an attachment or supplement to architectural ... 12 27 world europe 27house.html?ref world&pagewanted all quote There are now an estimated 15,000 passive ... dozens more under construction. ref name NYT 2010.09.25 The vast majority of passive structures ... through a number of research project s, ref http www.passivhaustagung.de Kran First Passive House Kranichstein en.html Evaluation of the First Passive House ref aided by financial assistance from ... 11th International Passive House Conference 2007 ref Most are located in Germany and Austria , with others ... heating 90 less than required for a standard new building of the time, the Economical Passive ... ventilation systems. Meanwhile further passive houses were built in Stuttgart 1993 , Naumburg, Hesse ... Continental Passive Houses ref The products developed for the Passivhaus standard were further commercialised ... in Urbana, Illinois in 2003, ref http www.e colab.org ecolab SmithHouse.html First US Passive ... Certified US Passive House ref br The first US passive retrofit project was certified ... knights.com Solar Knights Construction Website has Passive House Institute U.S.certification and project details this house is also the first certified passive house in California. ref The world s first Prefabricated building standardised passive prefabricated home prefabricated house was built ... more details
Image Seismometer kum hg.jpg 250px thumb The low frequency 3 direction seismometer, suitable for the passive seismic cover removed Passive seismic is the detection of natural low frequency earth movements, usually with the purpose of discerning geological structure and locate underground oil, gas, or other resources ref http www.spectraseis.com jahia Jahia spectraseis technology theory Summary of the theoretical background of the passive seismic. ref . Usually the data listening is done in multiple measurement points that are separated by several hundred meters, over periods of several hours to several days, using portable seismometer s. The conclusions about the geological structure are based on the spectral analysis ref Walker D 2008 . Recent developments in low frequency spectral analysis of passive seismic data. First break , 26 , 69 77 http www.spectraseis.com jahia webdav site spectraseis shared publications Recent 20developments 20in 20low 20frequency 20spectral 20analysis 20of 20passive 20seismic 20data.pdf ref or on the mathematical reconstruction of the propagation and possible sources of the observed seismic wave s ref B. Steiner, E. H. Saenger, S. M. Schmalholz 2008 . Time reverse modeling of LF microtremors Application to hydrocarbon reservoir localization. Geophysical Research Letters , 35 , L03307. http www.agu.org journals gl gl0803 2007GL032097 2007GL032097.pdf ref . If the latter is planned, data are usually acquired in multiple in the ideal case all points simultaneously, using so called synchronized lines. Reliability of the time reverse modelling can be further ... volume. Passive seismic usually focuses on a low frequency signals 0 to 10 Hz and is sometimes ... very close together and relatively short frequently minutes only . The passive seismic ... Package Passive Seismic Experiment sensors were deployed that detected lunar moonquakes and provided ... 110106.html ref Passive seismic is much cheaper than well drilling. It is also more cheaper and environment ... more details
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