Other uses Overcharging disambiguation Overcharge is an economic term that refers to the difference between an observed market price and a price that would have been observed in the absence of collusion . The latter is often called a but for price or a competitive benchmark price . When collusion is not in use, such as by privately owned businesses, overcharge is considered as a markup of the observed market price for the sole profit of the business and in some states is considered illegal, similar to profiteering business profiteering and price gouging . An overcharge may be expressed as a mark up on the benchmark price, or it may be divided by the observed market price. When the benchmark price is equal to the marginal cost of production, as it is in perfect competition, then ratio of the overcharge to market price is the Lerner Index of market power . When the overcharge is multiplied by the quantity purchased, it becomes the monetary injury or damages incurred by a buyer of goods sold by a cartel . In the legal world, in certain instances, overcharging is a practice by which the District Attorney s office within a given county charges a defendant with criminal charges that exceed what is actually written within the police report pertaining to the defendant s alleged wrongdoing. The purpose of which is to obtain a plea bargain to a lesser crime in lieu of being convicted of a far more serious crime that was not, in point of fact, ever committed. External links http www.agecon.purdue.edu staff connor papers PRICE 20FIXING OVERCHARGES FULL TEXT.pdf Price Fixing Overcharges Category Legal terms Category Economics terminology simple Overcharge ... more details
for direct purchasers by reviving as a defense the fact that the direct purchaser had passed on the overcharge ... to the initial overcharge, trebled. References reflist See also American Bar Association, Indirect ... more details
Chunk Colbert died January 7, 1874 was an Old West gunfighter gunman , known for having been killed by noted gunfighter Clay Allison . From West Texas , Colbert had earned a reputation as a gunfighter . He is said to have killed seven men in Texas, New Mexico , and Colorado . However, the only confirmed killing is that Charles Morris in Cimarron, New Mexico , a man he believed was involved romantically with his wife. On January 7, 1874, Colbert and Allison entered the Clifton House , an Public house Inns Inn in Colfax County, New Mexico . They had finished a friendly quarter mile horse race. Nevertheless, there was distrust between the men, since Allison was said to have mistreated Colbert s uncle, Zachary Colbert, a ferryman who had tried to overcharge Allison s family when they crossed the Brazos River. ref http cryptmag2.site11.com Online 31 clay.html ref In the middle of their meal, Colbert suddenly tried to draw his revolver. Fortunately for Allison, the barrel stuck the table. Allison quickly drew and fired, strikinging Colbert in the head. Asked why he had accepted a dinner invitation from someone likely try to kill him, Allison replied Because I didn t want to send a man to hell on an empty stomach . Colbert was buried in an unmarked grave burial grave behind the Clifton House . References references Additional reading http www.legendsofamerica.com WE GunfighterList3.html Chunk 20Colbert 20 18 1875 Chunk Colbert Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Colbert, Chunk ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH January 7, 1874 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Colbert, Chunk Category People from Texas Category 1874 deaths Category Cochise County conflict ... more details
Image DENAQ Building.JPG thumb right 230px Denaq Building. Denaq is a US based brand of lithium ion battery laptop batteries and power supplies. Denaq also manufactures and distributes a range of replacement AC Adapter laptop power adapters , along with rechargeable batteries for digital cameras and camcorders . Safety Denaq batteries include safety features not present in un branded makes, including battery electricity overcharge protection , heat sensor heat sensors and circuit breaker circuit breakers . These batteries are RoHS and CE mark CE compliant. Despite using the industry standard lithium ion chemistry, DENAQ batteries do not contain hazardous substances above the maximum concentration values as specified by RoHS. ref http www.rohs.gov.uk Docs 8878 20NMO 20ROHS 20Leaflet 20in 20blue 20and 20updated 20FINAL.pdf What is RoHS? , RoHS, October 01, 2010 ref They have also been tested and meet CE ref http www.ce marking.org how many directives.html CE Marking Product Directives , October 01, 2010 ref safety requirements for export to countries within the European Union . Construction Laptop batteries manufactured by Denaq use Japan Japanese and South Korea South Korean made Lithium ion battery lithium ion Li Ion internal Electrochemical cell cell s. Current Product Line Denaq makes batteries and power supplies compatible with laptops from Acer Inc. Acer , Asus , Compaq , Dell , Gateway, Inc. Gateway , Hewlett Packard HP , IBM IBM Lenovo , Toshiba , and others. See Also col begin Laptop Laptop Computers Lithium Ion AC adapter col end References Reflist Category Computer companies of the United States ... more details
A credence good is a term used in economics for a Good economics good whose utility impact is difficult or impossible for the consumer to ascertain. In contrast to experience good s, the utility gain or loss of credence goods is difficult to measure after consumption as well. The seller of the good knows the utility impact of the good, creating a situation of Information asymmetry asymmetric information . Examples of credence goods include Vitamin supplements Education Car repairs Many forms of medical treatment Home maintenance services, such as plumbing and electrician electricity . Psychology of credence goods Credence goods may display a direct rather than inverse relationship between price and demand, similar to Veblen good s, when price is the only possible indicator of quality. The least expensive products might be avoided in order to avoid suspected fraud and poor quality. Citation needed date February 2010 . So a restaurant customer may avoid the cheapest wine on the menu, but instead purchase something slightly more expensive. However, even after drinking it the buyer is unable to evaluate its relative value compared to all the wines they have not tried unless they are a wine expert . This course of action buying the second cheapest option is observable by the restauranteur, who can manipulate the pricing on the menu to maximise their margin, i.e. ensuring that the second cheapest wine is actually the least good value. Another practical application of this principle would be for competing job applicants not to propose too low a wage when asked, lest the employer think that the employee has something to hide or does not have the necessary qualification for the job. In an unregulated market, prices of credence goods tend to converge, i.e. the same flat rate is charged for high and low value goods. The reason is that suppliers of credence goods tend to overcharge for low value goods, since the customers are not aware of the low value, while competitive pressu ... more details
Overcharging disambiguation overcharge . They are not permanently sealed, but are maintenance free and they can ... roll form to make cylindrical cells. At high overcharge currents, electrolysis of water occurs, expelling ... system is designed to be recombinant and eliminate the emission of gases on overcharge, room ... of charge when oxygen was evolved from overcharge on the positive plate it traveled through ... more details
primarysources date November 2008 Infobox record label See Wikipedia WikiProject Music name Time Unlimited image logo, such as Image LABEL LOGO.jpg 100px , jpg or png file image bg background color for logo, should remain empty white unless required parent parent company, such as Warner Music Group founded 1992 founder Joachim Keil, br Marc Steinmeier sup current owner sup status leave blank unless Inactive or Defunct distributor Daredo labelgroup genre trance music Trance , tech trance , progressive house & ambient music ambient country Germany location Hannover url http www.timeunlimited.de www.timeunlimited.de Time Unlimited is a record label that specializes in the production of trance music based out of Hannover , Germany . The label was founded and established by Joachim Keil in September 1992. Time Unlimited was the first of the Under Cover Music Group UCMG Germany family of labels. The label was relaunched in 2007 by Marc Steinmeier. ref http www.musicbay.ru labels ?id 1363&usid 0046f645db59c9411a2bd74aeb5caa6d ref The Label was founded to release hi quality electronic music specializing in Hard and Progressive Trance. Originally distributed by MMS in Germany, later on by Intergroove across Europe. Home label for a variety of successful trance producers, most notably Bernd Augustinski Nostrum , but also releasing multiple releases from Andreas Kettenbach Roughage , Marc Steinmeier Overcharge & Nuclear Hyde , Michael Kores Albion , and Roger Beglinger DJ Energy . The task to define the sound of Time Unlimited today borders on sheer impossibility. Time moves in the realm of electronic Music trance music trance , progressive house & ambient music ambient . Since 2004 is Time Unlimited a part of Daredo labelgroup. ref http www.timeunlimited.de index.php nuclear hyde ref In August 2008, Time Unlimited and the German sample & sound design company Ueberschall launched the Trance ID 2 ref http www.ueberschall.com en products details view trance id 2.html ref remix c ... more details
The Cheating Culture Why More Americans Are Doing Wrong to Get Ahead is a nonfiction book , authored by David Callahan and published by Harcourt Trade Publishers Harcourt in 2004. ref cite news title Cheaters never prosper? Not so url http articles.latimes.com 2004 jan 26 entertainment et booka26 work Los Angeles Times date January 26, 2004 accessdate October 23, 2010 ref ref cite news title Dirty cheaters url http www.chron.com disp story.mpl ae books reviews 2466416.html work Houston Chronicle date March 26, 2004 accessdate October 23, 2010 ref The main thesis of the book is that the class in the United States, circa 2004 current state of American society , characterized by rampant Economic inequality inequality and a winner take all philosophy, produces the cheating that has been observed in business, law, academia, journalism, entertainment and medicine. Cheating, of both illegal and legal forms, is pervasive in an American society where incentive driven structures e.g. stock option s, production based pay, fast track career options have gone haywire Instead of promoting productivity and fair play , they reward deception and chicanery. Callahan provides multiple examples of this phenomenon in recent American history In the 1990s, when Sears instituted a production quota for its auto repair staff, mechanics began performing unnecessary and costly maintenance. Overbilling, often to the extent of criminality, is highly common within the legal profession. Pressed to bill as much time as possible, ambitious young lawyers often overcharge clients. In the medical profession, physicians feel forced to exaggerate symptoms of Health maintenance organization managed care patients, since otherwise their insurers would deny coverage. Not restricted to professions, cheating now appears in all facets of American life. According to Callahan, cheating breeds upon a dynamic between a winner class , an upper class so influential they effectively are exempt from most rules and stan ... more details
Image Lightmatter carbq.jpg thumb right 180px An SUV on fire in Pasadena, California Pasadena , California A vehicle fire is an undesired conflagration uncontrolled burning involving a motor vehicle . Also termed car fire or auto fire , it is one of the more common causes of fire related property damage . Causes Image Car fire aftermath.jpg thumb right 180px Aftermath of a car fire in Silver Spring, Maryland . A motor vehicle contains many types of flammable materials, including flammable liquids like gasoline and oil as well as solid combustibles such as hose . Fuel leaks from ruptured fuel line s also can rapidly Combustion ignite . Vehicles house multiple potential sources of ignition including electrical devices that may short circuit s, hot exhaust system s, and modern car devices such as air bag detonator s. Also, car battery car batteries pose a fairly unique hazard in themselves hydrogen gas evolved in the electrolysis reaction ignites readily in fire conditions and can result in an explosive dispersion of battery acid . Electric and hybrid cars have large batteries, usually NiMH, lead acid, or Li ion. Besides the obvious hazard of electric shock, these batteries can create other hazards. Li ion batteries can explode rapidly and in chain reaction. Lead acid batteries can release hydrogen or melt and leak sulfuric acid. Ni MH batteries can burn and leak chemicals as well, but their hazards are usually less severe. Most large batteries for electric cars or hybrids have built in safety features to prevent the battery from starting a fire such as smoke detectors, temperature sensors, and overcharge protection. In the UK, accidental car fires are declining ref http www.communities.gov.uk pub 894 FireStatisticsUnitedKingdom2003PDF1724Kb id1124894.pdf UK statistics ref but deliberate car fires arson are increasing. Most car fires are deliberate in the UK Citation needed date April 2010 . It is common for joy riding joyriders to set fire to stolen cars abandoned car ... more details
Infobox Film name Back to the Woods image BacktoWoodsTITLE.jpg caption director Jack White film producer Preston Black writer Andrew Bennison br Searle Kramer starring Moe Howard br Larry Fine br Curly Howard br Bud Jamison br Vernon Dent br Ethelreda Leopold br Harley Wood br Cy Schindell br Theodore Lorch Ted Lorch cinematography George Meehan editing Charles Nelson editor Charles Nelson producer Jules White distributor Columbia Pictures released May 14, 1937 runtime 19 27 country filmUS language English Back to the Woods is the 23rd short subject starring American slapstick comedy team the Three Stooges . The trio made a total of 190 shorts for Columbia Pictures between 1934 and 1959. Plot Set in colonial times, the Stooges are convicted criminals who are banished from England to the American colonies. When they arrive and after a dancing fling with the governor s daughters , they find that the colonists are starving because the local Indians will not let them use their hunting grounds without a fee of 5,000 shekels . A down payment was made, but it was not enough. The Stooges decide to go hunting anyway to help out the colony. Outside of Plymouth, Massachusetts Plymouth , they exchanged their pilgrim hats with coonskin cap s, except Curly, who wears a skunk hat. An accidental discharge by Curly s blunderbuss yielded a turkey , which gave them hope. Then, they spotted what they thought were a group of turkeys and fire their rather overcharged long blunderbusses at the group. The group turned out to be Indian headdresses, which agitated the hit Indians. Attempts at retaliatory fire failed as their guns were destroyed by the powder overcharge, and they are chased by the Indians. The Stooges do all their might to thwart the Indians in a wild goose chase, using a rock, a mudpack, a fish, a hornet s nest, and a log as ammunition in their tree branch catapult in one instance. But in their escape, Larry is left behind, captured and tied to a tree, ready to be scalped. A ... more details
Image Proton Iswara taxis, Kuala Lumpur.jpg thumb 300px Since the 1990s, the saloon variant of the Proton Saga Iswara dominated as the preferable car model for taxicab s in Malaysia, as seen with these examples in Kuala Lumpur . Taxicab s of Malaysia are a key part of public transport in Malaysia . Taxicab types Most taxicabs are the Proton Saga Proton Saga BLM 1.6 , Proton Saga Proton Iswaras , Proton Wira s, Proton Waja s and Naza Naza Citras . Before the start of local car production, the Mercedes Benz W123 Mercedes Benz 200 , Mazda Familia Mazda 323 Ford Laser , Toyota Mark II Toyota Mark II X80 series and the Opel Kadett were used. Most were scrapped and replaced by the Protons, but there are still a large number running the roads. Those old models have a Kereta Sewa sign on top and use old taxi registration plates. Although most taxicabs run on Diesel fuel diesel , a handful of taxicabs run on Compressed Natural Gas CNG . Taxicab companies There are a number of small taxicab companies and some private individual ones. Cabs are generally in red and white. Larger and reliable taxi companies are required to display they owned colours i.e. Sunlight Radio Cab, Innovasi Timur Orange Taxi Cab and Public Cab. List of companies Public Cab 603 6259 2020 www.publiccab.com Public Cab JB Seremban Cab Sunlight Radio Cab Koperasi Serbaguna Pemandu Teksi Bumiputra Malaysia Bhd. Nadiagain Sdn. Bhd Innovasi Timur Orange Taxi Cab Elegant Taxi Sdn. Bhd Krishna Taxi Service Sdn. Bhd Avenue Drive M Sdn. Bhd RB Premier Taxi Sdn Bhd Temerang Mentari Sdn. Bhd Laluan Emas Sdn. Bhd Insan Lemak Sdn. Bhd Uptown Ace Cab LCCT Sdn.Bhd Reputation The reputation of Malaysia s taxi service has been marred by the poor conduct of local taxi drivers, who have been known, among others, to refuse using taximeter s, overcharge and pick and choose which destinations they will travel to, regardless of locals and foreigners, while driving poorly maintained vehicles.Larger and reliable metered taxi compa ... more details
Infobox film name Max Steel Forces of Nature image image size caption director Sean Frewer producer writer Dean Stefan narrator starring Christian Campbell br Scott McNeil music cinematography editing studio distributor released runtime 52 min. country Film US language English budget gross Max Steel Forces of Nature is a 2005 direct to DVD film based on the Max Steel tv series and Max Steel action figure line . Plot In this movie, Jefferson Smith gets to Bio Constrictor s base. There he finds several Bio Con s clones in stasis, most of them failed experiments, with one exception one of them, Elementor, wakes up and looks up for five different Elementium isotopes. Each isotope grants hims the power to control and mimic one specific element Earth, Water, Wind, and Fire. Once in possession of this 4 ones, the power to control metal is granted as an extra bonus. One by one, Elementor absorbs the isotopes and gains new powers. Then Jefferson puts Max under arrest, but Max is able to break free, while Elementor attacks N Tek. Max and Jeff find a way to escape but before they succeed, Jefferson reveals to Max that years ago when he was transformed into Max Steel in order to save his life the fifth isotope was placed inside Max s body, and that is why he put him under house arrest. After a brief confrontation with Elementor, Berto and Kat discovers that the fifth Isotope makes the others go haywire, so Max decides to confront Elementor instead of running away. At the final battle, Max releases the power of the fifth isotope until its overcharge destroys Elementor. The name Forces of Nature is the only movie whose title was changed in Latin America. It was released under the name El dominio de los elementos Element s Dominion . It is unknown why the difference. Cast Christian Campbell as Max Steel Scott McNeil as Elementor, Jefferson Smith and a male tour guide Alessandro Juliani as Berto Meghan Black as Kat Kathleen Barr as a female tourist and a radio anchorwoman Michael D ... more details
. Typically these refunds are not taxable because they are considered an overcharge of premium. The greater the overcharge by the company, the greater the refund dividend . For a mutual insurance ... more details
separator with the function of overcharge protection was first proposed by Dr. Denton et al. ref ... overcharge protection for 3.6 V class lithium ion battery Journal of Power Sources 189 2009 771 774 ... PTPAn modified separator, is an electroactive separator with reversible overcharge protection. ref ... overcharge protection for 3.6 V class lithium ion battery Journal of Power Sources 189 2009 771 ... used as an electroactive separator material for overcharge protection of rechargeable lithium ... more details
In the United States , charity care also known as uncompensated care is health care provided for free or at reduced prices to low income patients. ref citenews title As Revenues Drop, Hospitals Talk of Forsaking Charity Care date 1996 04 14 author Jennifer Preston publisher New York Times url http query.nytimes.com gst fullpage.html?res 9C0CE7D91139F937A25757C0A960958260 ref The percentage of physician doctor s providing charity care dropped from 76 in 1996 97 to 68 in 2004 2005. Potential reasons for the decline include changes in physician practice patterns and increasing financial pressures. ref Peter J. Cunningham and Jessica H. May, http hschange.org CONTENT 826 826.pdf A Growing Hole in the Safety Net Physician Charity Care Declines Again, Center for Studying Health System Change, Tracking Report No. 13, March 2006 http www.hschange.com CONTENT 827 Press Release accessed June 16, 2008 ref In 2006, United States Senate Senate investigators found that many hospital s did not inform patients that charity care was available. Some for profit hospitals provided as much charity care as some non profit hospitals. Investigators also found non profit hospitals charging poor, Uninsured in the United States uninsured patients more than they did patients with Health insurance in the United States health insurance . ref Kathleen Day, http www.washingtonpost.com wp dyn content article 2006 09 12 AR2006091201409.html Hospital Charity Care Is Probed Investigators Find Nonprofits Overcharge or Deny Services, The Washington Post , September 13, 2006 ref One estimate put the cost of uncompensated care for 2004 at 41 billion, of which 34.6 billion was funded through a patchwork of government programs. Over half of all government reimbursement for uncompensated care comes from the federal government most of that is provided through Medicare United States Medicare and Medicaid . These federal funds are a primary source of support for health care providers that serve the uninsured. r ... more details
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