Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICD9 330.0 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D020279 A Hereditary CNS demyelinating disease is a demyelinating disease demyelinating central nervous system disease that is primarily due to an inherited genetic condition. This is in contrast to autoimmune demyelinating conditions, such as multiple sclerosis , or conditions such as central pontine myelinolysis that are associated with acute acquired insult. Examples include ref name urlHereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases Genetics Home Reference cite web url http ghr.nlm.nih.gov conditionGroup hereditarycentralnervoussystemdemyelinatingdiseases title Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases Genetics Home Reference format work accessdate 2009 03 11 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref Alexander disease Canavan disease Krabbe disease leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts metachromatic leukodystrophy X linked adrenoleukodystrophy References Reflist disease stub CNS diseases of the nervous system Category Demyelinating diseases of CNS ... more details
The HereditaryDisease Foundation HDF aims to cure genetic disorder s by supporting basic biomedical research . ref name HDF About Us cite web url http www.hdfoundation.org aboutus.php title HereditaryDisease Foundation About Us date 2008 work publisher Hereditarydisease foundation accessdate 2009 03 27 ref History File Nancy Wexler.jpg thumb right Nancy Wexler current president of the HDF In 1968, after experiencing Huntington s disease HD in his wife s family, Dr. Milton Wexler was inspired to start the HereditaryDisease Foundation, with the aim of curing genetic illnesses by coordinating and supporting research. ref name HDF About Us At a workshop held by the HDF in 1979, participants proposed to map the human genome and find a marker for the gene which causes HD. The HDF, together with NINDS and Dr. Wexler s daughter, Nancy Wexler , organized the US Venezuela Huntington s Disease Collaborative Research Project. This project studied a kindred with an unusually high prevalence of HD. In 1983 a marker for gene was found, and in the next decade, with further HDF involvement the exact gene Huntingtin was found. A lot of techniques developed in finding the Huntingtin gene were used to advance the Human Genome Project . ref name pmid19828782 cite journal author Young AB title Four decades of neurodegenerative disease research How far we have come journal J. Neurosci. volume 29 issue 41 pages 12722 8 year 2009 month October pmid 19828782 pmc 2807668 doi 10.1523 JNEUROSCI.3767 09.2009 url ref ref name pmid8458085 cite journal author last1 MacDonald first1 M title A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington s disease chromosomes. The Huntington s Disease Collaborative Research Group journal Cell volume 72 issue 6 pages 971 83 year ... one of the first disease genes to be found, its discovery and debates raised have provided the framework ... HDF About Us References reflist Category Huntington s disease Category Scientific research foundations ... more details
Infobox television episode Title The Disease Image Image ST VOY The Disease.jpg 270px Caption Harry Kim becomes intimate with Varro scientist Tal Series Star Trek Voyager Season 5 Episode 17 Production 210 Airdate February 24, 1999 Writer Kenneth Biller br Michael Taylor screenwriter Michael Taylor Director David Livingston director David Livingston Guests Musetta Vander as Tal br Charles Rocket as Jippeq Prev Dark Frontier Next Course Oblivion Star Trek Voyager Course Oblivion Episode list List of Star Trek Voyager episodes List of Star Trek Voyager episodes NOTOC for an abnormal condition affecting the body of an organism Disease The Disease is an episode of Star Trek Voyager , the 17th episode of the fifth season. The episode had an average rating of 4.2 5 on the official Star Trek website as of August 23, 2007 . http www.startrek.com startrek view series VOY episode 104851.html Plot Voyager stops to assist a xenophobic species known as the Varro. This species lives on a Generation ship generational ship which has housed them for 400 years. While the crew works on the Varro ship, Voyager is infested with synthetic ship eating parasites that had been released on the Varro ship by dissident Varro. Meanwhile, Harry Kim Star Trek Harry Kim becomes intimate with Varro scientist Tal, and develops a physiological bond with her, one that is standard in the Varro. The physiological connection alters his behavior and sways him from his duties aboard Voyager . It is later revealed that Tal is one of the separatists. There has been a rumour of a minority of Varro that want off the ship. The parasites that Tal helped create were made to separate the individual pods of the Varro ship without destroying the ship itself. Fractures along the hull created by the parasites begin to grow as the Varro ship begins to fall apart. Voyager s docking port is seized, trapping it with the Varro ... Trek VOY Star Trek DEFAULTSORT Disease, The Category Star Trek Voyager episodes Category 1999 television ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Hereditary elliptocytosis Image Elliptocytosis.jpg Caption Blood smear showing elliptocytes ... bladder disease. Prognosis Those with hereditary elliptocytosis have a good prognosis , only those ... eMedicineSubj ped eMedicineTopic 987 eMedicine mult eMedicine2 med 648 MeshID D004612 Hereditary ... as a heredity hereditary condition in 1932. ref cite journal author Hunter, WC title Further study ... ref Genetic prevalence Image Autodominant.jpg thumb right Hereditary elliptocytosis has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. The incidence of hereditary elliptocytosis is hard to determine ... , ref cite journal pmid 13864689 year 1962 month July author Bannerman, Rm Renwick, Jh title The hereditary ... of hereditary elliptocytosis are significantly more prevalent in regions where malaria is Endemic ... year 1987 author Cattani, Ja Gibson, Fd Alpers, Mp Crane, Gg title Hereditary ovalocytosis and reduced ... of hereditary elliptocytosis are autosomal dominant , and both sexes are therefore at equal risk of having ... of hereditary elliptocytosis called hereditary pyropoikilocytosis HPP , which is autosomal recessive . There are three major forms of hereditary elliptocytosis common hereditary elliptocytosis, spherocytic elliptocytosis and southeast Asian ovalocytosis. Common hereditary elliptocytosis is the most ... determinants of clinical expression of hereditary elliptocytosis and pyropoikilocytosis journal Blood ... cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 3620700 ref Common hereditary elliptocytosis in approximate ... of disease and diagnosis is only able to be made on blood film With mild disease the individual ... anaemia, and has increased resistance to malaria Spherocytic elliptocytosis also called hereditary ... present in their blood Pathophysiology Common hereditary elliptocytosis A number of genes have been linked to common hereditary elliptocytosis many involve the same gene as forms of Hereditary ..., but in hereditary elliptocytosis the instability of the cytoskeleton means that erythrocytes ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Hereditary hyperbilirubinemia Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 E 80 4 e 70 ICD10 E 80 6 e 70 ICD9 ICD9 277.4 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 1065 eMedicine mult eMedicine2 med 1066 MeshID D006933 Hereditary hyperbilirubinemia refers to the condition where levels of bilirubin are elevated, for reasons that can be attributed to a metabolic disorder. An example is Crigler Najjar syndrome . External links http www.som.tulane.edu classware pathology medical pathology New for 99 liver gb sld017.htm cite journal author Elferink RP, Ottenhoff R, Liefting W, de Haan J, Jansen PL title Hepatobiliary transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugate in rats with hereditary hyperbilirubinemia journal J. Clin. Invest. volume 84 issue 2 pages 476 83 year 1989 month August pmid 2760197 doi 10.1172 JCI114189 pmc 548906 Heme metabolism disorders Category Syndromes Category Heme metabolism disorders Category Hepatology medicine stub ... more details
Infobox disease Name Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis Image Alt Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM 266140 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Hereditary pyropoikilocytosis HPP is an autosomal recessive form of hemolytic anemia characterized by an abnormal sensitivity of red blood cell s to heat and erythrocyte morphology similar to that seen in thermal burns. Patients with HPP tend to experience severe haemolysis and anaemia in infancy that gradually improves, evolving toward typical elliptocytosis later in life. However, the hemolysis can lead to rapid sequestration and destruction of red cells. Splenectomy is curative when this occurs. HPP has been associated with a defect of the erythrocyte membrane protein spectrin and with spectrin deficiency . It was characterized in 1975. ref cite journal author Zarkowsky HS, Mohandas N, Speaker CB, Shohet SB title A congenital haemolytic anaemia with thermal sensitivity of the erythrocyte membrane journal Br J Haematol year 1975 pages 537 43 volume 29 issue 4 pmid 1191563 doi 10.1111 j.1365 2141.1975.tb02740.x ref It is considered a severe form of hereditary elliptocytosis . ref name pmid21054813 cite journal author King MJ, Jepson MA, Guest A, Mushens R title Detection of hereditary pyropoikilocytosis by the eosin 5 maleimide EMA binding test is attributable to a marked reduction in EMA reactive transmembrane proteins journal Int J Lab Hematol volume 33 issue 2 pages 205 11 year 2011 month April pmid 21054813 doi 10.1111 j.1751 553X.2010.01270.x url http onlinelibrary.wiley.com resolve openurl?genre article&sid nlm pubmed&issn 1751 5521&date 2011&volume 33&issue 2&spage 205 ref See also Erythrocyte Poikilocytosis List of hematologic conditions References reflist Category Red blood cell disorders Category Autosomal recessive disorders Category Cytoskeletal defects disease stub Cytoskeletal defects ... more details
about aspects of spherocytosis specific to the hereditary form of the disorder details that apply generally to this variant as well as others Spherocytosis Infobox Disease Name Hereditary spherocytosis ... eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 2147 MeshID D013103 Hereditary spherocytosis is a genetically transmitted ... pathologic basis of disease publisher Elsevier Saunders location St. Louis, Mo year 2005 pages 625 isbn 0 7216 0187 1 oclc doi accessdate ref Symptoms As in spherocytosis non hereditary spherocytosis ..., particularly in newborns.Most cases can be detected soon after birth. An adult with this disease ... it will probably be noticed soon after birth. Occasionally, the disease will not be noticed until ... small red blood cell s lacking the central pallor as seen in non hereditary spherocytosis is typically more marked in hereditary spherocytosis. Other protein deficiencies cause hereditary elliptocytosis ... problem, being a potential cause of cardiomyopathy and liver disease . Measuring iron stores is therefore considered part of the diagnostic approach to hereditary spherocytosis. An osmotic fragility ... Hereditary spherocytosis is an autosomal dominant or recessive trait, ref name pmid15071790 cite journal author Eber S, Lux SE title Hereditary spherocytosis defects in proteins that connect ... has a 50 chance of passing the mutation onto his her offspring. Hereditary spherocytosis is caused ... important mutations spectrin and ankyrin variants in hereditary spherocytosis journal Blood Cells ... 4.2 , ref name pmid18940465 cite journal author Perrotta S, Gallagher PG, Mohandas N title Hereditary ... to pass through. In hereditary spherocytosis, erythrocytes fail to pass through and get phagocytosed ..., D. and Thoma, J. 2006 Hereditary spherocytosis and other hemolytic anomalies distort diabetic ... non hereditary spherocytosis , acute symptoms of anemia and hyperbilirubinemia indicate treatment ... and management of hereditary spherocytosis journal Br. J. Haematol. volume 126 issue 4 pages 455 ... more details
Infobox disease Name Hereditary stomatocytosis Image Caption DiseasesDB 29710 ICD10 ICD10 D 58 8 d 55 ICD9 ICD9 282.8 ICDO OMIM 185000 OMIM mult OMIM2 185010 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic Hereditary stomatocytosis describes a number of inherited autosomal dominant human conditions which affect the red blood cell, in which the membrane or outer coating of the cell leaks sodium and potassium ions. Pathophysiology Osmosis leads to the red blood cell having a constant tendency to swell and burst. This tendency is countered by manipulating the flow of sodium and potassium ions. A pump forces sodium out of the cell and potassium in, and this action is balanced by a process called the passive leak . In the hereditary stomatocytoses, the passive leak is increased and the cell becomes swamped with salt and water. The cell lyses and a haemolytic anaemia results. For as yet unknown reasons, the cells take on an abnormal shape, resembling a mouth or stoma . Variants Haematologists have identified a number of variants. These can be classified as below. Overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis Dehydrated HSt hereditary xerocytosis hereditary hyperphosphatidylcholine haemolytic anaemia Dehydrated with perinatal ascites Cryohydrocytosis Blackburn variant. Familial pseudohyperkalaemia There are other families that do not fall neatly into any of these classifications. ref cite journal author Oski FA, Naiman JL, Blum SF, et al. title Congenital hemolytic anemia with high sodium, low potassium ... is also found as a hereditarydisease in Alaskan malamute and miniature schnauzer dogs ... occur for which anticoagulation may be needed. Causes The cause for these hereditary conditions is now ... which mediates the cation leaks which are characteristic of this disease. ref name pmid16227998 cite ..., Iarocci TA, et al. title Hereditary stomatocytosis consistent association with an integral membrane ... cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 1547348 Hematology Category Hereditary hemolytic anemias ... more details
Globalize date December 2010 Infobox disease Name Hereditary angioedema Image Caption DiseasesDB 1821 ICD10 D84.1 ILDS D84.110 ICD9 277.6 OMIM 106100 MedlinePlus 001456 eMedicineSubj article eMedicineTopic 1048994 MeshID D054179 Hereditary angioedema types I and II also known as Quincke edema after discoverer Heinrich Quincke presents in the second to fourth decade, and is characterized by local swelling in subcutaneous tissues. ref name Andrews James, William Berger, Timothy Elston, Dirk 2005 . Andrews Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology . 10th ed. . Saunders. ISBN 0 7216 2921 0. ref rp 152 Hereditary angioedema is caused by a deficiency of the C1 esterase inhibitor, a protein of the complement system , a part of the immune system. Some mutations produce low levels of C1 inhibitor type I others produce normal levels of ineffective C1 protein type II . ref name Morgan http www.nejm.org doi full 10.1056 NEJMe1006450 Hereditary Angioedema Therapies Old and New , B. Paul Morgan, M.B. ... Pathogenesis Deficiency of C1 inhibitor causes hereditary angioedema types I and II. This autosomal ... XII , and kallikrein , thus when these go unregulated they can give rise to vasoactive substances. Hereditary ..., death rates from hereditary angioma are high in the U.S. but rare in Europe. Older and newer ... not carry the risk of infectious disease transmission due to human blood borne pathogens. ref name ... 2011. In hereditary angioedema, specific stimuli that have previously led to attacks may need to be avoided ... DW, Frank MM title Treatment of hereditary angioedema with danazol. Reversal of clinical and biochemical ... intervene in the disease process in different ways, is currently ongoing. Pharming Group NV announced ... journal author Lehmann A title Ecallantide DX 88 , a plasma kallikrein inhibitor for the treatment of hereditary ... Hereditary angioedema a current state of the art review, VIII current status of emerging therapies ... Disorders of globin and globulin proteins DEFAULTSORT Hereditary Angioedema Category Urticaria ... more details
Infobox disease Name Hereditary coproporphyria Image Coproporphyrinogen III.svg Caption Coproporphyrinogen III DiseasesDB 30591 ICD10 ICD10 E 80 2 e 70 ILDS E80.222 ICD9 ICD9 277.1 ICDO OMIM 121300 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 1888 MeshID D046349 Hereditary coproporphyria HCP is a type of acute porphyria ref name MerckManuals cite web title Acute Porphyrias author Stig Thunnell, MD PhD accessdate 2011 04 09 url http www.merckmanuals.com professional endocrine and metabolic disorders porphyrias acute porphyrias.html ref formerly categorized as a form of hepatic porphyria that is associated with a deficiency of the enzyme coproporphyrinogen III oxidase . ref name pmid16159891 cite journal title Mutations in human CPO gene predict clinical expression of either hepatic hereditary coproporphyria or erythropoietic harderoporphyria journal Hum. Mol. Genet. volume 14 issue 20 pages ... rp 525 Hereditary coproporphyria HCP is an autosomal dominant ref name pmid12181641 cite journal title ... oxidase gene in Swedish patients with hereditary coproporphyria journal J. Hum ... Wiman A author2 Floderus Y author3 Harper P author separator , ref genetic disease that causes purple .... Cause HCP is an autosomal disease, meaning it is carried in one of the autosome s, or non sex ... porphyrias acute intermittent porphyria.html Retrieved 5 February 2011. ref Cases noted hereditary .... Pathophysiology Hereditary coproporphyria is the result of a point mutation in the coproporphinogen ... of hereditary coproporphyria journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. volume 102 issue 40 pages 14232 7 ... oxidase gene defects in hereditary coproporphyria and mutation update journal Hum. Mutat. volume 13 ... genes can trigger this same disease. At this time it is not known if there are any specific groups of people that are especially susceptible to this disease, as patients have been documented all over ... Coproporphyria MedlinePlus 001208 Porphyria Heme metabolism disorders DEFAULTSORT Hereditary Coproporphyria ... more details
Infobox disease Name Hereditary pancreatitis Image Caption DiseasesDB 30026 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM 167800 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Hereditary Pancreatitis HP is an inflammation of the pancreas , attributed to genetic causes. It was first described in 1952 by Comfort and Steinberg ref name Comfortet Comfort et al , Gastroenterology 1952 21 54 63. ref but it was not until 1996 that Whitcomb et al ref Whitcomb et al , Nat Genet 1996 14 141 145. ref isolated the first responsible mutation in the cationic trypsinogen gene PRSS1 on the long arm of Chromosome 7 human chromosome seven 7q35 . The term hereditary pancreatitis is used when a genetic defect is identified, and familial pancreatitis used when it is not. ref name CheifetzBrown2011 cite book last1 Cheifetz first1 Adam S. last2 Brown first2 Alphonso last3 Curry first3 Michael coauthors Alan C. Moss title Oxford American Handbook of Gastroenterology and Hepatology url http books.google.com books?id UbX 6Qbj 0C&pg PA223 accessdate 9 August 2011 date 2011 03 10 publisher Oxford University Press US isbn 9780195383188 pages 223 ref Presentation HP is characterised by attacks of epigastric pain , which are often associated with nausea and vomiting. Symptoms may start shortly after birth but onset varies greatly, with some individuals not exhibiting symptoms until adulthood. There is usually progression to chronic pancreatitis with endocrine and exocrine failure and an increased risk of pancreatic cancer . Lifetime risk of cancer has been variously calculated as 35 54 ref name Lowenfelset Lowenfels et al , J Natl Cancer Inst 1997 89 442 446. ref ref name Howeset Howes et al , Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004 2 ... at a later stage in the disease. ref name Howeset Diagnosis Families are defined as having HP, ref ... generations. It is an autosomal dominant disease with penetrance that is generally accepted to be 80 ... disease ref Chen et al , Clin Genet 2001 59 189 93. ref ref Lee et al , Korean J Gastroenterol ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A hereditary witch is one who is born into a tradition of esoteric origin. These traditions are often not recorded, except maybe in grimoire s which are also passed down, but rely primarily on oral and physical tradition. DEFAULTSORT Hereditary Witch Category Witchcraft Occult stub Culture stub ... more details
In set theory , a hereditary set or pure set is a Set mathematics set all of whose elements are hereditary sets. That is, all elements of the set are themselves sets, as are all elements of the elements, and so on. For example, it is vacuously true that the empty set is a hereditary set, and thus the set math varnothing math containing only the empty set math varnothing math is a hereditary set. In formulations of set theory that are intended to be interpreted in the von Neumann universe or to express the content of Zermelo Fraenkel set theory , all sets are hereditary, because the only sort of object that is even a candidate to be an element of a set is another set. Thus the notion of hereditary set is interesting only in a context in which there may be urelement s. The inductive definition of hereditary sets presupposes that set membership is well founded relation well founded i.e., the axiom of regularity , otherwise the recurrence may not have a unique solution. However, it can be restated non inductively as follows a set is hereditary if and only if its transitive set Transitive closure transitive closure contains only sets. In this way the concept of hereditary sets can also be extended to non well founded set theories in which sets can be members of themselves. For example, a set that contains only itself is a hereditary set. See also Hereditarily countable set Well founded set References cite book title Set Theory An Introduction to Independence Proofs author Kunen, Kenneth publisher North Holland year 1980 isbn 0 444 85401 0 Category Set theory settheory stub ... more details
In mathematics , a hereditary property is a property of an object, that inherits to all its subobjects , where the term subobject depends on the context. These properties are particularly considered in topology and graph theory . In topology In topology , a topological property is said to be hereditary if whenever a space has that property, then so does every Subspace topology subspace of it. If the latter is true only for Closed set closed subspaces , then the property is called weakly hereditary . For example, second countability and metrisability are hereditary properties. sequential space Sequentiality and Compact space Hausdorff compactness are weakly hereditary, but not hereditary. ref Goreham, Anthony, http www.citebase.org cgi bin citations?id oai arXiv.org math 0412558 Sequential Convergence in Topological Spaces ref Connected space Connectivity is not weakly hereditary. In graph theory In graph theory , a hereditary property is a graph property property of a graph mathematics graph which also holds for is inherited by its induced subgraph s. ref name AS Cite journal last Alon first Noga author link Noga Alon last2 Shapira first2 Asaf title Every monotone graph property is testable journal SIAM Journal on Computing volume 38 issue 2 year 2008 pages 505 522 doi 10.1137 050633445 url http www.math.tau.ac.il nogaa PDFS monotone1.pdf ref Alternately, a hereditary property is preserved by the removal of vertices. In some cases, the term hereditary has been defined with reference to graph minor s, but this is more properly called a minor hereditary property . The Robertson Seymour theorem implies that a minor hereditary property may be characterized in terms of a finite ... of a given signature logic signature is said to have the hereditary property if every substructure ... s theorem A class K of finitely generated structures has the hereditary property if every finitely ... , every subset of an independent set is again independent. This is also sometimes called the hereditary ... more details
principal right ideal domain , then all right ideals are projective, and R is right hereditary. A commutative hereditary integral domain is called a Dedekind domain . A commutative semi hereditary integral domain is called a Pr fer domain . An important example of a left hereditary ring is the path ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Confusing date March 2008 A hereditary monarchy is the most common type of monarchy and is the form that is used by almost all of the world s existing monarchies. Under a hereditary monarchy, all the monarchs come from the same family, and the The Crown crown is passed down from one member to another member of the family. The hereditary system has the advantages of stability, continuity and predictability, as well as the internal stabilizing factors of family affection and loyalty. For example, when the monarch king or monarch queen of a hereditary monarchy dies or abdicates, the crown is usually passed to the next generation, i.e., his or her child, typically in some order of seniority. When that child dies, the crown is in turn passed to his or her child, or, if no child exists, a sister, brother, niece, nephew, cousin, or other relative. Hereditary monarchies most usually arrange succession by a legislated, definite order of succession so that it is well known beforehand who will be the next monarch. Nowadays, the typical order of succession in hereditary monarchies is based on some form of primogeniture , but there exist other methods such as agnatic seniority seniority , tanistry and rotation , which were much more common in the past. Historically, there have been differences in systems of Order of succession succession , mainly revolving around the question of whether succession is limited only to males, or if females are also eligible to succeed ... regardless of gender. Elective monarchy can practically function as a hereditary monarchy, for example ... even centuries, and that hybrid situation should be described as pseudo elective, virtually hereditary ... officially hereditary in early modern age. See also List of hereditary monarchies Absolute monarchy ... birth DEFAULTSORT Hereditary Monarchy Category Monarchy ar ca Monarquia heredit ria ... Hereditary monarchy fi Periytyv monarkia sv Arvmonarki tr Irs monar i uk zh ... more details
Image RGPbadge.jpg 200px thumb right 19th Century Commander s Badge, Russian Grand Priory A Hereditary Commander is a Knight Commander whose family holds that title by hereditary right. Hereditary Commanders .... The award was not hereditary the recipients commanders were obligated to contribute a share of commandery ... hereditary commanderies to 99. ref name Sh337 In 1799 Paul decreed the statute for hereditary commanderies ... ordinary commanderies that provided direct financial benefits to their commanders, hereditary ... rouble s annual income. ref name Sh337 Hereditary commanderies remitted 10 of their revenue to the Order ... only 24 Hereditary Commanders could ever have existed. In Article XI, it is also true that more than ... were by courtesy allowed, on confirmation from the Russian Emperor, the title Hereditary ... needed by candidates Russian Hereditary Commanders, must be confirmed as such under the Russian Laws ... de l Ordre de Malte, et son Grand Prieur Russe, Paris 1955 , page 50. ref . Hereditary Commanders in exile 1928 On June 24, 1928, twelve Russian Hereditary Commanders met in Paris to establish the Union of Hereditary Commanders and Knights of the Grand Priory of Russia of the Order of Saint John ... as Knights, and a Hereditary Commander of the Catholic Grand Priory of Russia Citation needed ... Throne Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia Grand Duke Vladimir , applicants claiming to the Hereditary ... to decline into the 1970s, and lines of several Hereditary Commanders coming to an end continued ... Imperial origin. Hereditary Commanders of the Italian Tradition Similar to those of the Russian Tradition of the Order of St. John, the grade of Hereditary Commander is a traditional rank within ... The Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus by L. Mendola ref Hereditary Commanders of the French Tradition ..., acquired considerable powers, and the position was in few cases hereditary fiefdom , known as sirerie . ref http www.heraldica.org topics france noblesse.htm Nobility and Titles in France ref . Hereditary ... more details
Hereditary titles , in a general sense, are title s, positions or Style manner of address style s that are hereditary and thus tend or are bound to remain in particular families. Some hereditary titles are inherited only by the eldest son see primogeniture ref cite web last Murphy first Michael Dean title A Kinship Glossary Symbols, Terms, and Concepts url http www.as.ua.edu ant Faculty murphy 436 kinship.htm accessdate 2006 10 05 ref others may pass to the eldest child of either gender, or to all children of a family equally although this is rare or can be shared and thus multiplied in the case of a title and or divided in the case of a real object. In some traditions inheritance by adoption is an alternative to inheritance by biological kinship, as in the Hindu tradition to assure there is a male heir of the same caste . Citation needed date February 2007 Prominent examples of hereditary titles include Hereditary monarchy in the Commonwealth realm s, Bhutan , Brunei , Cambodia , Japan , Thailand , Belgium , Denmark , Luxembourg , Liechtenstein , Monaco , the Netherlands , Norway , Spain , Sweden , Jordan , Morocco , Qatar , Saudi Arabia , Tonga and Bahrain . Other national constitutions use different modes of succession to their monarchies, e.g. the election of the Pope in the Vatican City, and especially in the Orient often adding an element of selection e.g. at a family council among eligible relations of the monarch. Special cases are the two elective monarchies, Malaysia ref http www.malaysianmonarchy.org.my portal bi rk1 rk1.htm Yang di Pertuan Agong Bot generated title ref and the United Arab Emirates , where the constituent states of each federation are hereditary ... noble titles e.g. Burgrave, Margrave While the hereditary membership of a privileged class or caste ... External links http www.hereditarytitles.com Hereditary titles http www.aristocracyuk.co.uk hereditary titles a guide Hereditary Titles A Guide http www.heraldica.org topics odegard titlefaq.htm Noble ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced December 2007 context February 2009 notability December 2007 An office, not being held by serjeanty , or attached to some particular office or title, is said to be in gross . Clarify date March 2008 Such offices are inherited in the same manner as a barony by writ by sons in order of birth, and then by daughters. Where there is more than one female heir, the claim is split equally between them or their descendants, disregarding birth order among sisters. Citation needed date December 2009 Examples include the Lord Great Chamberlain the right to carry the spur s at a Coronation of the British monarch coronation vested in the Lord Hastings and the Baron Churston Lord Churston , by descent from the Hastings Earl of Pembroke via Baron Grey of Ruthyn Lord Grey de Ruthyn the Grand Carver of England . Certain Ireland Irish or Scotland Scottish offices, and some others which are doubtful or obsolete, are also held by this form of tenure . DEFAULTSORT Hereditary In Gross Category Titles job stub Ireland law stub UK law stub ... more details
Peerage No footnotes date December 2008 Hereditary peers form part of the Peerage in the United Kingdom ... writ of summons . A hereditary title is not necessarily a title of the peerage. For instance, baronet ... hereditary title may belong to the peerage, as with life peer s. Peerages may be created by means of letters patent , but the granting of new hereditary peerages has dwindled, with only six having been created since 1965. Origins see History of the peerage The hereditary peerage, as it now exists ... of Commons . This order, called a writ , was not originally hereditary, or even a privilege the recipient ... claim of hereditary right to a writ comes from this reign so does the first patent , or charter ... were decided depending on circumstances. Customs changed with time Earldoms were the first to be hereditary ... of Ireland . ref Modern laws The law applicable to a British hereditary peerage depends on which ... points of detail, often being more similar to medieval practice. Hereditary peerages in other ... Scottish feudal barony , in being hereditary, but is long obsolete, the last full summons of the English ... of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Prime Minister . Many peers hold more than one hereditary ... Bot retrieved archive archivedate 11 July 2006 ref Inheritance of titles The mode of inheritance of a hereditary ... generations. A peer may also disclaim a hereditary peerage under the Peerage Act 1963 . To do ..., the peer may not sit or vote in the House of Commons. Prior to the House of Lords Act 1999, a hereditary ... now, however, hereditary peers do not have the automatic right to a writ of summons to the House ... associated with the peerage his wife or her husband is similarly affected. No further hereditary ... it is not hereditary, instead revesting or merging in the Crown if the Prince succeeds to the Crown ... 200px Charles I of England Charles I pictured attempted to withhold a Hereditary peer Writs of summons ... elder issue to be preferred before the younger of such issue. The number of hereditary peers The number ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Unreferenced date March 2007 Slone s Disease is another name for a specific form of Hereditary Pancreatitis . It is a rare heredity inherited condition characterized by recurrent episodes of acute pancreatitis attacks. In about half of these cases the problem progresses to chronic pancreatitis, which is severe scarring of the pancreas . Laboratory tests performed during an attack usually detect high blood levels of amylase and lipase , which are enzyme s released from the pancreas. The first attack typically occurs within the first two decades of life, but can begin at any age. In the United States , the majority of Slones patients have a lineage which can be traced back to Appalachia . It is estimated that at least 1,000 individuals are newly diagnosed with hereditary pancreatitis each year. As genetic testing increases, these numbers may escalate. Symptoms of Hereditary Pancreatitis Patients with hereditary pancreatitis may have chronic abdominal pain , diarrhea , nausea , vomit ing, malnutrition , or diabetes . Living with Slone s Disease One patient in western Kentucky was diagnosed with pancreatitis at 6 weeks of age. She continued to have severe episodes of pancreatitis throughout her childhood. In 1990 at the age of 5, she had a Peustow procedure performed at the Mayo Clinic by Dr. Christopher Moir . Despite repeated procedures, she continues to have episodes of pancreatitis . External links http freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com fmitchel sloan traits.html http freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com fmitchel sloan traits.html http www.pancreas.org assets hp presentation sld001.htm DEFAULTSORT Slone S DiSeaSe Category Pancreas disorders ... more details
from other parts of the gastrointestinal tract . Wilson s disease , a hereditarydisease which causes the body to retain copper . Primary sclerosing cholangitis , an inflammation inflammatory disease of the bile duct , likely autoimmune in nature. Primary biliary cirrhosis , autoimmune disease of small ...Infobox Disease Name Liver disease Image Non alcoholic fatty liver disease1.jpg Caption Micrograph of non alcoholic fatty liver disease , demonstrating marked macrovesicular steatosis . Trichrome stain . DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D008107 Liver disease also called hepatic disease is a broad term describing any single number of disease s affecting the liver . Diseases Hepatitis , inflammation of the liver, caused mainly by various virus es but also by some poisons e.g. Ethanol alcohol , autoimmunity autoimmune hepatitis or hereditary conditions. Diagnosis is done by checking levels of alanine transaminase Non alcoholic fatty liver disease , a spectrum in disease, associated with obesity and characterized as an abundance of fat in the liver may lead to a hepatitis, i.e. steatohepatitis and or cirrhosis . Cirrhosis is the formation of fibrous tissue in the liver from replacing dead liver cells. The death of the liver cells can be caused ... levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase SGOT . Haemochromatosis , a hereditarydisease causing the accumulation of iron in the body, eventually leading to liver damage. Cancer ... disorder of bilirubin metabolism, found in about 5 of the population. Glycogen storage disease type .... There are also many pediatric liver disease, including biliary atresia , alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency ... disease at present is a liver transplant . However, there are some promising drugs currently being ... Congenital malformations and deformations of digestive system DEFAULTSORT Liver Disease Category ... disease ur ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Milroy& 39 s disease Image Caption DiseasesDB 8228 ICD10 ICD10 Q 82 0 Q 82 ICD9 ICD9 757.0 ICDO OMIM 153100 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 1482 MeshID D008209 Milroy s disease is a familial disease characterised by lymphedema , commonly in the legs, caused by congenital abnormalities in the lymphatic system . Disruption of the normal drainage of lymph leads to fluid accumulation and hypertrophy of soft tissues. ref name Andrews cite book author James, William D. Berger, Timothy G. et al. title Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology publisher Saunders Elsevier location year 2006 pages 849 isbn 0 7216 2921 0 oclc doi accessdate ref ref name isbn0 7817 9516 8 cite book author David Lowell Strayer Raphael Rubin title Rubin s Pathology Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine 5th Edition publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins location Hagerstwon, MD year 2007 pages isbn 0 7817 9516 8 oclc doi accessdate ref It is also known as Milroy disease , Nonne Milroy Meige syndrome and hereditary lymphedema . ref name Bolognia cite book author Rapini, Ronald P. Bolognia, Jean L. Jorizzo, Joseph L. title Dermatology 2 Volume Set publisher Mosby location St. Louis year 2007 pages isbn 1 4160 2999 0 oclc doi accessdate ref It was named by Sir William Osler for William Milroy , an American physician, who described a case in 1892, though it was first described by Rudolf Virchow in 1863. ref WhoNamedIt synd 1326 ref ref W. F. Milroy. An undescribed variety ... s disease is present from birth and symptoms are usually first experienced in childhood. The most ... immunity . This disease is more common in women and an association with the gene FLT4 has been described ... M, Shalev SA title Wide clinical spectrum in a family with hereditary lymphedema type I due to a novel ... on Milroy Disease References reflist Congenital malformations and deformations of integument Lymphatic disease DEFAULTSORT Milroy s Disease Category Ailments of unknown etiology Category Vascular related ... more details
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