dablink For the name, see Halide name . A halide is a binary compound , of which one part is a halogen atom and the other part is an chemical element element or radical chemistry radical that is less electronegative or more electropositive than the halogen, to make a fluoride , chloride , bromide , iodide , or astatide compound. Many salt chemistry salt s are halides. All Group 1 element Group 1 metals form halides which are white solids at room temperature. A halide ion is a halogen atom bearing a negative charge. The halide anion s are fluoride F sup sup , chloride Cl sup sup , bromide Br sup sup , iodide I sup sup and astatide At sup sup . Such ions are present in all ionic bonding ionic halide salts. See chloride , bromide , fluoride , and iodide Tests Halide compounds such as Potassium chloride KCl , Potassium bromide KBr and Potassium iodide KI can be tested with silver nitrate solution, AgNO sub 3 sub . The halogen will react with Ag sup sup and form a precipitate , with varying colour depending on the halogen Silver I fluoride AgF No Precipitate Silver chloride AgCl White Silver bromide AgBr Creamy Pale Yellow Silver iodide AgI Green Yellow For organic compounds containing halides, the Beilstein test is used. Uses Category Metal halides Metal halides are used in high intensity discharge lamp s called metal halide lamp s, such as those used in modern street light s. These are more Energy conversion efficiency energy efficient than mercury vapor lamp s, and have much better colour rendition than orange colour orange Sodium vapor lamp high pressure sodium lamps . Metal halide lamps are also commonly used in greenhouse s or in rainy climates to supplement natural sunlight . Halides are also used in solder paste, commonly as a Cl or Br equivalent. ref name indium http ... Examples of halide compounds are sodium chloride NaCl potassium chloride KCl potassium iodide KI ... halide References reflist Category Salts Category Halides ar bs Halidi ca Halur cs Halogenidy ... more details
Halide is a feminine Turkish language Turkish given name, it may refer to People Halide Edip Ad var 1884 1964 , Turkish novelist and feminist political leader Halide Nusret Zorlutuna 1901 1984 , Turkish poet and novelist See also Halide , a binary compound given name Category Turkish feminine given names ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2007 Orphan date February 2009 A cyanogen halide is a molecule consisting of cyanide and a halogen . Cyanogen halides are chemically classified as pseudohalogen s. See also Cyanogen chloride Cyanogen bromide Iodine cyanide also called cyanogen iodide DEFAULTSORT Cyanogen Halide Category Halides Category Cyanides Inorganic compound stub ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Image vinyl halide.png thumb right 100px General structure of a vinyl halide, where X is a halogen and R is a side chain radical group In organic chemistry , a vinyl halide is any alkene with at least one halide substituent bonded directly on one of the unsaturated carbons. Vinyl chloride is one such substance. Vinyl halides are very useful synthetic intermediates due to the vast number of reactions that make use of them. These include conversion to vinyl Grignard reaction Grignard reagents , elimination to give the corresponding alkyne , and most importantly their use in coupling reaction cross coupling reactions e.g. Suzuki reaction Suzuki Miyaura coupling , Stille reaction Stille coupling , Heck reaction Heck coupling , etc. . As a result, there is a large number of reactions to form vinyl halides, which includes the reaction of vinyl organometallic species with halogens, and the Takai olefination Takai and Wittig reaction Wittig olefination reactions. these are the compounds in which halogen is bonded to a sp2 hybridised carbon atom DEFAULTSORT Vinyl Halide Category Organohalides Organohalide stub ... more details
Image Acyl Halide.PNG right thumb Acyl Halide Image Acetyl Chloride.PNG right thumb Acetyl chloride is an acyl halide. An acyl halide also known as an acid halide is a chemical compound derived from an oxoacid ref GoldBookRef title acyl groups file A00123 ref by replacing a hydroxyl group with a halide group. ref name IUPAC GoldBookRef title acyl halides file A00124 ref If the acid is a carboxylic acid , the compound contains a COX functional group , which consists of a carbonyl group singly bonded to a halogen atom. The general formula for such an acyl halide can be written RCOX , where R may be, for example, an alkyl group, CO is the carbonyl group, and X represents the halide, such as chloride . Acyl chloride s are the most commonly encountered acyl halides, but acetyl iodide is the one produced transiently on the largest scale. Billions of kilograms are generated annually in the production of acetic acid. ref Hosea Cheung, Robin S. Tanke, G. Paul Torrence Acetic Acid in Ullmann s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley VCH, Weinheim. DOI 10.1002 14356007.a01 045 ref The hydroxyl group of a sulfonic acid may also be replaced by a halogen to produce the corresponding sulfonyl halide. In practical terms this is almost always chloride to give the sulfonyl chloride . Preparation A common laboratory method for the synthesis of acyl halides entails reaction of carboxylic acid ... halide can chemical reaction react with water molecule water , to form a carboxylic acid . This hydrolysis ... Halide plus Alcohol.PNG 450px an amine to form an amide Image Acyl Halide plus Amine.PNG 450px an aromatic ... . See Friedel Crafts acylation . In the above reactions, HX hydrogen halide or hydrohalic acid is also formed. For example, if the acyl halide is an acyl chloride, HCl hydrogen chloride or hydrochloric ... right A molecule can have more than one acyl halide functional group. For example, adipoyl dichloride ... to the eye. Similar problems can result if one inhales acyl halide vapors. In general, acyl halides ... more details
Sulfonyl halide groups occur when a sulfonyl functional group is Single bond singly bonded to a halogen atom . They have the general formula R SO sub 2 sub X where X is a halogen. Sulfonyl fluorides Sulfonyl fluorides have the general formula R SO sub 2 sub F and can be important sulfonyl halide synthetic precursor chemistry precursor s. For example, most, if not all industrially synthesized perfluorooctanesulfonyl derivatives, such as PFOS , have the sulfonyl fluoride as their precursor. ref name Leh cite journal author Lehmler HJ title Synthesis of environmentally relevant fluorinated surfactants a review journal Chemosphere volume 58 issue 11 pages 1471 96 year 2005 month March pmid 15694468 pmc 2587313 doi 10.1016 j.chemosphere.2004.11.078 ref Sulfonyl chlorides Image Sulfonyl chloride.png thumb right 120px General structure of a sulfonic acid chloride Sulfonic acid chlorides, or sulfonyl chlorides, are a sulfonyl halide with the general formula R SO sub 2 sub Cl. These compounds react readily with nucleophiles like alcohol s and amine s see Hinsberg reaction . If the nucleophile is an alcohol the product is a sulfonic ester, if it is an amine the product is a sulfonamide. Important sulfonic acid chlorides are tosyl chloride, brosylate brosyl chloride, nosylate nosyl chloride and mesylate mesyl chloride. One synthetic procedure to synthesize sulfonic acid chlorides is the Reed reaction . Sulfonyl chloride is very prone to hydrolysis. An ice water bath can be used to decrease this effect Titus 1982 & Lefevre 1996 . In popular culture In the episode Encyclopedia Galactica of his TV series Cosmos A Personal Voyage , Carl Sagan speculates that some intelligent extraterrestrial beings might have a genetic code based on polyaromatic sulfonyl halides instead of DNA . References reflist Functional Groups Category Functional groups Category Sulfonyl halides de Sulfons urehalogenide es Halogenuro de sulfonilo nl Sulfonzuurhalogenide sv Sulfonylhalid ... more details
A silver halide is one of the Chemical compound compounds formed between silver and one of the halogen s &mdash silver bromide AgBr , silver chloride chloride AgCl , silver iodide iodide AgI , and three forms of silver fluoride s. As a group, they are often referred to as the silver halides, and are often given the pseudo chemical notation AgX. Although most silver halides involve silver atoms with oxidation state s of 1 Ag sup sup , silver halides in which the silver atoms have oxidation states of 2 Ag sup 2 sup are known, of which silver II fluoride is the only known stable one. The light sensitive chemicals used in photographic film and paper are silver halides. Applications Light sensitivity Silver halides are used in photographic film and photographic paper , as well as graphic art film and paper, where silver halide crystals in gelatin are coated on to a film base , glass or paper Substrate materials science substrate . The gelatin is a vital part of the emulsion as the protective colloid of appropriate physical and chemical properties. Gelatin may also contain trace elements such as sulfur which increase the light sensitivity of the emulsion , although modern practice uses gelatin without such components. When absorbed by an AgX crystal, photon s cause electrons to be promoted to a conduction band de localized Atomic orbital electron orbital with higher energy than a valence band which can be attracted by a sensitivity speck , which is a shallow electron trap, which may be a crystalline defect or a cluster of silver sulfide, gold, other trace elements dopant , or combination ... light see photochromism . When a silver halide crystal is exposed to light, a sensitivity ... insoluble in water. Silver nitrate can be used to precipitate halide s this application is useful ... via silver nitrate is also useful for abstracting halide leaving group s. However, close attention ... halide optical fiber s for transmitting mid infrared light from carbon dioxide laser s. The fibers ... more details
The halide mineral class include those mineral s with a dominant halide anion F sup sup , Cl sup sup , Br sup sup and I sup sup . Complex halide minerals may also have Polyatomic ion polyatomic anions in addition to or that include halides. ref http webmineral.com strunz strunz.php?class 03 Webmineral Halide Class ref File ImgSalt.jpg thumb Halite File Fluorite.GIF thumb Fluorite structure Examples include the following ref Klein, Cornelis and Cornelius Hurlbut, Jr., Manual of Mineralogy , Wiley, 20th ed., 1985 pp. 320 325 ISBN 0 471 80580 7 ref ref Anthony, J.W., Bideaux, R.A., Bladh, K.W., and Nichols, M.C. 1997 Handbook of Mineralogy, Volume III Halides, Hydroxides, Oxides. Mineral Data Publishing, Tucson. http www.handbookofmineralogy.org pdfs BARARITE.pdf link to bararite http www.handbookofmineralogy.org pdfs CRYPTOHALITE.pdf link to cryptohalite ref Halite NaCl Sylvite KCl Chlorargyrite AgCl and bromargyrite AgBr Fluorite CaF sub 2 sub Atacamite Cu sub 2 sub Cl OH sub 3 sub Bischofite MgCl sub 2 sub 6H sub 2 sub O Carnallite KMgCl sub 3 sub 6H sub 2 sub O Cryolite Na sub 3 sub AlF sub 6 sub Cryptohalite NH sub 4 sub sub 2 sub SiF sub 6 sub Bararite NH sub 4 sub sub 2 sub SiF sub 6 sub Commercially significant halide minerals Two commercially important halide minerals are halite and fluorite. The former is a major source of sodium chloride, in parallel with sodium chloride extracted from sea water or brine wells. Fluorite is a major source of hydrogen fluoride , complementing the supply obtained as a byproduct of the production of fertilizer. Carnallite and bischofite are important sources of magnesium. Natural cryolite was historically required for the production of aluminium , however, currently most cryolite used is produced synthetically. Many of the halide ... Halide mineral exhibit, Museum of Geology, South Dakota.jpg thumb Halide specimans at Museum of Geology ... http www.handbookofmineralogy.org Handbook of Mineralogy Strunz Category Halide minerals es Minerales ... more details
In organic chemistry , an aryl halide also known as haloarene or halogenoarene is an aromatic compound in which one or more hydrogen atoms directly bonded to an aromatic ring are replaced by a halide. The haloarene are distinguished from haloalkane s because they exhibit many differences in methods of preparation and properties. The most important members are the aryl chlorides, but the class of compounds is so broad that many derivatives enjoy niche applications. Preparation The two main preparatory routes to aryl halides are direct halogenation and via diazonium salts. ref name morrison cite book author Boyd, Robert W. Morrison, Robert title Organic chemistry publisher Prentice Hall location Englewood Cliffs, N.J year 1992 pages 947 isbn 0 13 643669 2 ref Direct halogenation In the Friedel Crafts halogenation , a Lewis acid serve as catalysts. Many metal chlorides are used, examples include iron III chloride or aluminium chloride . The most important aryl halide, chlorobenzene is produced by this route. Monochlorination of benzene is always accompanied by formation of the dichlorobenzene derivatives. ref name Ullmann Arenes with electron donating groups react with halogens even in the absence of Lewis acids. For example, phenols and anilines react quickly with chlorine and bromine water to give multiply halogenated products. ref Ilustrative procedure for chlorination of an aromatic compound OrgSynth author Edward R. Atkinson, Donald M. Murphy, and James E. Lufkin year 1951 title dl 4,4 ,6,6 Tetrachlorodiphenic Acid collvol 4 collvolpages 872 prep CV4P0872 ref The decolouration of bromine water by electron rich arenes is used in the bromine test . Direct halogenation of arenes are possible in the presence of light or at high temperature. For alkylbenzene derivatives, the alkyl positions tend to be halogenated first in the free radical halogenation. To halogenate the ring, Lewis acids are required, and light should be excluded to avoid the competing reaction. ref name ... more details
Geminal halide hydrolysis is an organic reaction . The reactants are a geminal halide dihalide and water or a hydroxide . The reaction product is a ketone or an aldehyde . The first part of the reaction mechanism consists of an ordinary nucleophilic aliphatic substitution to produce a gem halohydrin . The remaining halide is a good leaving group and this enables the newly created Hydroxyl hydroxy group to revert to a carbonyl group expelling the halide. Similar reactions involving any strong electronegative functional group , such as a nitrile , in place of the halide also occur. In a similar fashion 1,1,1 trihalides are hydrolyzed to carboxylic acid s in the haloform reaction . External links Benzophenone synthesis from benzene through benzophenone dichloride in Organic Syntheses Coll. Vol. 1, p.95 Vol. 8, p.26 http www.orgsyn.org orgsyn prep.asp?prep cv1p0095 Article Category Substitution reactions organic chemistry stub ... more details
Halide Nusret Zorlutuna 1901, Istanbul &ndash 10 June 1984 was a Turkish people Turkish poet and novelist. Biography Zorlutuna was born in Istanbul, Ottoman Empire as the daughter of Mehmet Selim Bey, a journalist and political prisoner. She married an army officer. A teacher of Turkish literature in schools, she took part in movements for the rights of women and children. Works Poetry Geceden Ta an Dertler Sorrow Flooding Off Night, 1930 Yayla T rk s Song of the Plateau, 1943 Yurdumun D rt Buca Every Place of My Country, 1950 Ellerim Bombo My Eyes Are Empty, 1967 . Novels K ller Ashes, 1921 Sisli Geceler Misty Nights, 1922 G l n Babas Kim Who is the Father of Rose, 1933 B y kanne Grandmother, 1971 Ayd nl k Kap The Bright Gate, 1974 A k ve Zafer The Love and the Victory, 1978 Bir Devrin Roman Novel of an Age, 2004 . Short stories Beyaz Selvi The White Cypress, 1945 . Letters Han m Mektuplar Lady Letters, 1923 . Autobiography Benim K k Dostlar m My Little Friends, 1977 . Further reading Bloomsbury Guide to Women s Literature References Biyografi.net http www.biyografi.net kisiayrinti.asp?kisiid 3174 Biography of Halide Nusret Zorlutuna tr icon External links http www.kultur.gov.tr EN BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D3138007620E7D5602E88CF4BCAC4E99512E Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism OL author OL1768798A Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Zorlutuna, Halide Nusret ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Turkish writer DATE OF BIRTH 1901 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 10 June 1984 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Zorlutuna, Halide Nusret Category 1901 births Category 1984 deaths Category Turkish writers Turkey writer stub tr Halide Nusret Zorlutuna diq Halide Nusret Zorlutuna ... more details
an early evening sky A metal halide gas discharge lighting system provides illumination for a college ... as they warm up. Metal halide lamps , a member of the high intensity discharge HID family ... 1960s for industrial use, metal halide lamps are now available in numerous sizes and configurations for commercial and residential applications. Like most HID lamps, metal halide lamps operate under ... Metal halide lamps are used both for general lighting purposes, and for very specific applications ... halide lamps as their light source. File Spectrum metal halide.jpg thumb alt Horizontal ribbon of light ... of a metal halide lamp. Operation Like other gas discharge lamp s such as the very similar mercury vapor lamp s, metal halide lamps produce light by making an electric arc in a mixture of gases. In a metal halide lamp, the compact arc tube contains a high pressure mixture of argon , mercury element mercury , and a variety of metal halide s. The mixture of halides will affect the nature of light ... y 1966 m 02 d 08 inventor Gilbert H. Reiling title Metallic halide electric discharge lamps ref Like all other gas discharge lamps, metal halide lamps require ballast electrical auxiliary equipment ... 24 of the energy used by metal halide lamps produces light 65 115 lumen unit lm Watt W Citation ... Metal halide lamps consist of an arc tube with electrodes, an outer bulb, and a base. Arc tube ... bulb to improve the spectrum and diffuse the light. In the mid 1980s a new type of metal halide ... and previous metal halide lamp designs, use a sinter ed alumina arc tube similar to what has been ... metal halide lamp s or CMH lamps. Outer bulb Most types are fitted with an outer glass bulb to protect ... that have a thermal coefficient of expansion that matches that of the arc tube. Ballasts Metal halide .... Like high pressure mercury vapour lamps, some metal halide bulbs contain a third electrode to initiate ... turned on . Pulse start metal halide lamps don t contain a starting electrode, but they require an ignitor ... more details
Category unsourced Kuva yi Milliye Infobox writer name Halide Edip Ad var image Halide edip adivar.jpg ... awards efkat Ni an signature website portaldisp Halide Edip Ad var or Halide Edib Adivar ... Edib Halide.jpg thumb left Early photo of Halide Edip Cite check date June 2010 Unreliable sources date June 2010 Halide Edip Her name was Halide Edip. She didn t acquire the surname Ad var until ... Abd lhamid II . ref http www.rense.com general64 zzzio.htm ref Halide Edip was educated at home by private ... of intellectual activity in Constantinople and even as a child Halide Edip participated in the intellectual ... World War I File Halide edip adivar b3.jpg thumb She married again in 1917 to Adnan Ad var Dr. Adnan ... movement. what? date October 2011 cn date October 2011 In 1916 1917, Halide Edip acted as Ottoman ... According to a teacher who worked briefly under her, Halide Edip was at the head of an orphanage of 1,000 ... docs RG256 20813.pdf ref According to Halide Edip, these children were given Muslim names under ..., page 164. to Turks in 1916.K vorkian, page 843. Halide Edip s account of her inspectorship emphasizes ... who were famous Turkish nationalists like Halide Edip she advocated assimilation of Armenians, but she ... , Today s Zaman , March 22, 2009. ref During the War of Independence Image Halide edip nov 1922.jpg thumb 100px Halide Edip in 1922 After the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I, British .... Halide Edip gained a reputation in Constantinople as a firebrand and a dangerous agitator. ref ..., Halide Edip and many associates were unjustly accused of treason. She and her husband escaped to Europe ... from 1926 to 1939. Halide Edip traveled widely, teaching and lecturing repeatedly in the United ... position she ever held. Literature Common themes in Halide Edip s novels were strong, independent ... for Turkish Independence. Death Halide Edip died on January 9, 1964 in Istanbul. She was laid to rest ... publisher Yazar Mezar title Halide Edip Ad var language Turkish accessdate 2011 10 14 ref Major ... more details
Metal halide complexes are coordination compound s containing metal ions with only halide s as a ligand s. These complexes are common for many metals and some are important technologically. They have the general stoichiometry MX sub n sub sup z sup ref Greenwood, N. N. & Earnshaw, A. 1997 . Chemistry of the Elements 2nd Edn. , Oxford Butterworth Heinemann. ISBN 0 7506 3365 4. ref Stoichiometry and structure Metal halides are known with several stoichiometries, but the main ones are the hexahalometallates and the tetrahalometallates. The hexahalides adopt octahedral coordination geometry whereas the tetrahalides are usually tetrahedral. Square planar tetrahalides are known as are examples with 2 and 3 coordination. Some members of this series are listed in the table below. class wikitable style text align center border 1 align center cellpadding 4 cellspacing 0 style margin 1em 1em 1em 1em background ffe border 1px aaa solid border collapse collapse font size 95 Complex colour electron config. geometry M Cl distance TiCl sub 4 sub colourless t sub 2g sub sup 0 sup tetrahedral Ti sub 2 sub Cl sub 10 sub sup 2 sup colourless t sub 2g sub sup 3 sup bioctahedral TiCl sub 6 sub sup 2 sup yellow t sub 2g sub sup 0 sup octahedral CrCl sub 6 sub sup 3 sup ?? t sub 2g sub sup 3 sup octahedal MnCl sub 4 sub sup 2 sup pale pink e sub g sub sup 2 sup t sub 2g sub sup 3 sup tetrahedral FeCl sub 4 sub sup 2 sup colourless e sub g sub sup 3 sup t sub 2g sub sup 3 sup tetrahedral CoCl sub 4 sub sup 2 sup blue e sub g sub sup 4 sup t sub 2g sub sup 3 sup tetrahedral NiCl sub 4 sub sup 2 sup blue e sub g sub sup 4 sup t sub 2g sub sup 4 sup tetrahedral CuCl sub 4 sub sup 2 sup blue e sub g sub sup 4 sup t sub 2g sub sup 5 sup tetrahedral PdCl sub 4 sub sup 2 sup brown d sup 8 sup square ... prepared by treating the binary halide complexes with additional halide. The tetrahedral tetrahalides ... The charge neutral complexes of Ti IV and V IV are volatile and readily distilled. Otherwise the halide ... more details
The ceramic discharge metal halide CDM lamp , mostly referred to as Ceramic Metal Halide lamp CMH , is a relatively new source of light that is a variation of the old high pressure mercury vapour lamp . The discharge is contained in a ceramic tube. During operation, the temperature of this ceramic tube can exceed 1200 kelvin s. The ceramic tube is filled with mercury element mercury , argon and metal halide metal halide salt s. Because of the high wall temperature, the metal halide salts are partly vaporized. Inside the hot plasma physics plasma , these salts are dissociated into metallic atoms and iodine. The metallic atoms are the main source of light in these lamps, creating a bluish light that is close to daylight with a color rendering index CRI color rendering index of up to 96. The exact correlated color temperature and CRI depend on the specific mixture of metal halide salts. There are also warm white CDM lamps, with somewhat lower CRI 78 82 which still give a more clear and natural looking light than the old mercury vapour and sodium vapour lamps when used as street lights, besides being more economical to use. CDM lamps use one fifth of the power of comparable tungsten incandescent light bulb s for the same light output 80 117 lm W and retain colour stability better than most other gas discharge lamps. Applications for these lamps include television and film making as well as shop lighting, digital photography , street and architectural lighting . See also List of light sources External links http www.lamptech.co.uk MBI 20Ceramic.htm Ceramic Metal Halide Lamps Artificial light sources Category Gas discharge lamps Tech stub sv Keramisk metallhalogen ... more details
Summary Information Description Output Spectrum of a typical Metal Halide lamp Source I L. Michael Roberts created this work entirely by myself. Date 22 Apr 2010 Author L. Michael Roberts other versions Licensing self cc by 3.0 Copy to Wikimedia Commons bot Fbot priority true ... more details
Gold halides are compounds of gold with the halogen s. Monohalides Gold I chloride AuCl , gold I bromide AuBr , and gold I iodide AuI are all crystalline solids with a structure containing alternating linear chains .. X Au X Au X Au X ... The X Au X angle is 180 . Fact date February 2007 The monomeric AuF molecule has been detected in the gas phase. ref cite journal author D. Schr der, J. Hru k, I. C. Tornieporth Oetting, T. M. Klap tke and H. Schwarz title Neutral Gold I Fluoride Does Indeed Exist year 1994 journal Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English volume 33 issue 2 pages 212 214 doi 10.1002 anie.199402121 ref Trihalides The triiodide does not exist. Fact date February 2007 Gold III chloride AuCl sub 3 sub readily forms out of the elements at temperatures below 254 C. It is a volatile red solid. The volatile species is the Dimer chemistry dimer Au sub 2 sub Cl sub 6 sub . Fact date February 2007 . Likewise, gold III bromide AuBr sub 3 sub can be formed from the elements and exists primarily as the dimer Au sub 2 sub Br sub 6 sub . Gold III fluoride , AuF sub 3 sub , has a unique polymeric helical structure, containing corner sharing AuF sub 4 sub squares. Pentahalides Gold V fluoride , AuF sub 5 sub , is the only known example of gold in the 5 oxidation state . It most commonly occurs as the dimer Au sub 2 sub F sub 10 sub . References references Category Gold compounds Category Metal halides nl Goudhalogenide ... more details
Hydrogen halides or hydrohalic acids are acids resulting from the chemical reaction of hydrogen with one of the halogen elements fluorine , chlorine , bromine , and iodine , which are found in Group 17 VII, VIIA of the periodic table . Astatine is not included in the list because it is very rare, unstable and not found as the acid in substantial quantities. Hydrogen halides can be abbreviated as HX where H represents a hydrogen atom and X represents a halogen fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine . class wikitable style margin 1em auto 1em auto compound formula structure model d H X pm br gas phase Dipole Molecular dipoles debye D center hydrogen fluoride center center HF center center Image Hydrogen fluoride 2D dimensions.png 68px center center Image Hydrogen fluoride 3D vdW.png 45px center center 91.7 center center 1.86 center center hydrogen chloride center center HCl center center Image Hydrogen chloride 2D dimensions.png 95px center center Image Hydrogen chloride 3D vdW.png 70px center center 127.4 center center 1.11 center center hydrogen bromide center center HBr center center Image Hydrogen bromide 2D dimensions.png 108px center center Image Hydrogen bromide 3D vdW.png 72px center center 141.4 center center 0.788 center center hydrogen iodide center center HI center center Image Hydrogen iodide 2D dimensions.png 110px center center Image Hydrogen iodide 3D vdW.png 84px center center 160.9 center center 0.382 center center astatane hydrogen astatide center center HAt center center Image Hydrogen astatide 3D.png 84px center They are acids because of their ability to deprotonate in aqueous solution thus yielding hydronium ions H sub 3 sub O sup sup . With the exception of HF, the halogen halides are strong acids , with acid strength increasing down the group. This results from strong hydrogen bonding in HF, which must be overcome before dissociation is possible, and the very small F sup sup ions which impose order on nearby water molecules and hydronium ions ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2011 The alkali halides are the family of ionic compound s with simple chemical formula X sup sup Y sup sup or XY, where X is an alkali metal and Y is a halogen . One of the most well known of these is sodium chloride or common table salt. In standard room conditions dry alkali halides tend to exist as white or translucent crystalline solids. The internal crystalline structure is centered cubic , usually face centered cubic . The numbers beside the compounds show the electronegativity difference between the elements based on the Pauling scale . The higher the number is, the more ionic the bond is. c The table below provides links to each of the individual articles for these compounds center class wikitable style text align center colspan 2 rowspan 2 colspan 6 Alkali Metals Lithium Sodium Potassium Rubidium Caesium rowspan 5 H br a br l br o br g br e br n br s Fluorine Lithium fluoride LiF 3.0 Sodium fluoride NaF 3.1 Potassium fluoride KF 3.2 Rubidium fluoride RbF 3.2 Caesium fluoride CsF 3.3 Chlorine Lithium chloride LiCl 2.0 Sodium chloride NaCl 2.1 Potassium chloride KCl 2.2 Rubidium chloride RbCl 2.2 Caesium chloride CsCl 2.3 Bromine Lithium bromide LiBr 1.8 Sodium bromide NaBr 1.9 Potassium bromide KBr 2.0 Rubidium bromide RbBr 2.0 Caesium bromide CsBr 2.1 Iodine Lithium iodide LiI 1.5 Sodium iodide NaI 1.6 Potassium iodide KI 1.7 Rubidium iodide RbI 1.7 Caesium iodide CsI 1.8 center Category Alkali metals Category Halides Category Metal halides Category Crystals Category Salts inorganic compound stub nl Alkalihalide ... more details
Metal halides are compounds between metals and halogens. Some, such as sodium chloride are ionic, while others such as uranium hexafluoride have considerable covalent character to their bonding. inorganic compound stub Category Inorganic compounds ... more details
File Laurionite 154997.jpg thumb right Laurionite Laurionaite PbCl OH is a halide mineral, named after the town Laurium in Greece. Laurionite can also be produced by lead oxide in a salt solution. Mineral stub Category Halide minerals de Laurionit el fr Laurionite it Laurionite uk ... more details
CMH may refer to GE ConstantColour Ceramic discharge metal halide lamp Ceramic Metal Halide Metal halide lamp Components lamp . The IATA code for Port Columbus International Airport in Columbus, Ohio , USA Congressional Medal of Honor Creatine monohydrate Children s Memorial Hospital Cohen Modal Haplotype Consolidated Media Holdings Combined Military Hospital United States Army Center of Military History disambig de CMH fr CMH it CMH ... more details
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