Image Cholestasis 2 high mag.jpg thumb 225px Bile yellow material in a liver biopsy in the setting of bile stasis, i.e. cholestasis . H&E stain File Bile1.png right 225px thumb Action of bile salts in digestion Bile or gall is a bitter tasting, dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced by the liver ... species, bile is stored in the gallbladder and upon eating is discharged into the duodenum . Bile is a composition of the following materials water 85 , Bile acid bile salts 10 , mucus and pigments ... Four humors four humors or vital fluids blood , phlegm , yellow bile or choler and black bile ... same theories explain the derivation of the English word bilious from bile , and the meaning of gall in English as exasperation or impudence . Physiological functions Bile acts to some extent as a surfactant , helping to emulsification emulsify the fats in the food. Bile salt anion s have a hydrophilic ... phospholipids that compose bile, and this charge prevents fat droplets coated with bile from re aggregating ... to reach the fatty core through gaps between the bile salts. A triglyceride is broken down into two ... into the lymphatic system through lacteals. Without bile salts, most of the lipids in the food would be passed out in feces, undigested. Since bile increases the absorption of fats, it is an important ... , Tocopherol E , vitamin K K and vitamin A A . Besides its digestive function, bile serves also as the route .... Bilirubin derives from haemoglobin by glucuronidation . The alkaline bile also has the function ... intestine. Bile salts also act as bactericide s, destroying many of the microbes that may be present in the food. Bile soap Bile from slaughtered animals can be mixed with soap . This mixture, called bile soap , ref cite journal title The invention of certain improvements in the manufacture of soap ... PA291&lpg RA19 PA291&dq bile soap&as brr 1 accessdate 2007 02 08 ref can be applied to textiles ... of tough stains. Abnormal conditions associated with bile The cholesterol contained in bile will occasionally ... more details
Bile may refer to Bile or gall , a greenish yellow alkaline fluid secreted from the liver of most vertebrates Bile band Bile band , a New York industrial metal band Abdi Bile , a Somali people Somali former World champion middle distance runner Black bile or Yellow bile , two of the humours in the historical medical theory of humours see Humourism Bile may also refer to Belenus , a god of Celtic mythology Birecik , Turkey, a city called Bile during the Crusades William I of Bimbia birthname BileBile as a slang term can mean something hateful or demeaning, whereas gall is synonymous with audacity. disambig fr Bile homonymie ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image Gray1094.png Caption Bile capillaries of rabbit. shown by Golgi s method. X 450. Image2 Caption2 System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName Bile canaliculi MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 04 DorlandsSuf 12208377 Bile canaliculus plural bile canaliculi also called bile capillaries is a thin tube that collects bile secreted by hepatocytes . The bile canaliculi merge and form bile ductules, which eventually become common hepatic duct . Hepatocytes are polyhedra polyhedral in shape, therefore having no set shape or design. They have surfaces facing the Liver sinusoid sinusoids , called sinusoidal faces and surfaces which contact other hepatocytes, called lateral faces . Bile canaliculi are formed by grooves on some of the lateral faces of these hepatocytes . Microvilli are present in the canaliculi but are sparse. External links MeshName Bile Canaliculi UIUCHistologySubject 421 BUHistology 15301loa Category Hepatology digestive stub Digestive glands it Canalicolo biliare ja ... more details
Infobox language name Bile states Nigeria region Adamawa State speakers 30,000 date 1992 ethnicity familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo fam3 Benue Congo fam4 Bantoid fam5 Southern Bantoid fam6 Bantu languages Bantu ? Bantu Zone A Zone A fam7 Mbam languages Mbam fam8 Jarawan languages Jarawan fam9 Nigerian Jarawan fam10 Numan iso3 bil Bile is one of the Bantoid Jarawan languages of Nigeria . Category Jarawan languages lang stub de Bile Sprache hr Bile jezik pms Lenga Bile ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Bile duct Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image Digestive system showing bile duct.png Caption Digestive system diagram showing the bile duct Image2 ERCP Roentgen.jpg Caption2 ERCP image ... DorlandsPre d 29 DorlandsSuf 12313926 Bile ducts and pancreas A bile duct is any of a number of long tube like structures that carry bile . Bile, required for the digestion of food, is excreted by the liver into passages that carry bile toward the hepatic duct , which joins with the cystic duct carrying bile to and from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct , which opens into the intestine ... the liver. The path is as follows Bile canaliculi Canals of Hering interlobular bile ducts intrahepatic bile ducts left and right hepatic ducts merge to form common hepatic duct exits liver and joins cystic duct from gall bladder forming common bile duct joins with pancreatic duct forming ampulla of Vater enters duodenum Common bile duct Bile duct is green like the gallbladder, because of bile stains. Pathology Blockage of the bile duct by a cancer , gallstones, or scarring from injury prevents the bile from being transported to the intestine and the active ingredient in the bile bilirubin instead ... cancer , which causes blockage of the bile duct passing through the cancerous portion of the pancreas cholangiocarcinoma , cancer of the bile ducts blockage by a stone in patients with gallstone s and from scarring after injury to the bile duct during gallbladder removal. Sensation Inflation of a balloon in the bile duct causes through the vagus nerve , activation of the brain stem and the insular ... of cerebral response to balloon distention of the bile duct. World J Gastroenterol. 16 14 1772 ... in the bile duct, either permanently or as a temporary solution before definite treatment such as surgery ... radiology . A biliary drain can also be used to take bile samples for diagnostic workup ... with biliary atresia , hepatoportoenterostomy is an alternative method of providing bile drainage ... more details
Bile acids are steroid acid s found predominantly in the bile of mammals . Bile salts are bile acids ... acid derivatives of cholic acid represent approximately eighty percent of all bile salts. The two major bile acids are cholic acid , and chenodeoxycholic acid . Bile acids, glycine and taurine conjugates ... intestinal bile. An increase in bile flow is exhibited with an increased secretion of bile acids. The main function of bile acid is to facilitate the formation of micelles , which promotes processing of dietary fat. Citation needed date May 2011 Production and distribution Bile acids are made ... , where bile acids serve the purpose of emulsifying dietary fats. Bile acids serve other functions, including eliminating cholesterol from the body, driving the flow of bile to eliminate catabolites ... found in the small intestine and biliary tract. Citation needed date May 2011 Bile acid refers to the protonated COOH form. Bile salt refers to the deprotonated or ionized COO sup sup form. Conjugated bile acids are more efficient at emulsifying fats because at intestinal pH, they are more ionized than unconjugated bile acids. ref Essentials of Medical Biochemistry, Lieberman, Marks and Smith, eds, p432, 2007 ref Synthesis of bile acids is a major route of cholesterol metabolism in most species ... for bile acid synthesis. In total about 20 30 grams of bile acids are secreted into the intestine daily. About 90 of excreted bile acids are reabsorbed by active transport in the ileum and recycled in what is referred to as the enterohepatic circulation which moves the bile salts from the intestinal ... secretion to the digestive system. Bile is also used to break down fat globules into tiny droplets. Bile from slaughtered animals can be used in the preparation of soap. Citation needed date May 2011 .... File Cholesterol with numbering.svg 300px thumb Cholesterol with numbering Bile salts constitute a large ..., termed alpha seen as a dashed line in drawings . All bile acids have a hydroxyl group on position ... more details
Infobox River river name Bile River image name image size caption origin mouth basin countries Guam length elevation mouth elevation discharge watershed The Bile River is a river in Guam . See also List of rivers of Guam References http geonames.usgs.gov pls gnispublic USGS Geographic Names Information Service Guam geo stub Category Rivers of Guam coord missing Guam ... more details
Infobox athlete name Abdi Bile image imagesize Only for images narrower than 220 pixels caption fullname nicknames nationality flagcountry SOM sport Running event 800 metres br 1500 metres club collegeteam birth date birth date and age 1962 12 28 birth place Las Anod , Sool residence death date death place height convert 1.85 m ftin weight convert 75 kg lb medaltemplates Abdi Bile lang so , Cabdi Bille Cabdi, born December 28, 1962, in Las Anod is a former middle distance track event middle distance runner from Somalia . In 1987 he became world champion in the 1500 metres , the first Somali to do so. Career Bile won the 1500 m World Championship in 1987, running the final 800 m of the race in 1 46.0, the fastest final 800 m of any 1,500 meter race in history. He was a two time Olympian 1984 and 1996 and dominated the event in the late 1980s. Bile was ranked first in the world at the mile distance in 1989. He was World Cup champion in the 1500 m in 1989 and two time world Grand Prix final champion. Bile graduated from George Mason University with a BS in marketing management. At George Mason, Bile was team captain and a two time NCAA Division I 1,500 meter champion, winning his first title in 1985 3 41.2 and the second in 1987 3 35.79 . He also won many conference titles and held the inter collegiate 1500 m record for more than ten years. He ... . Bile has traveled widely and has inspired many young people and helped several humanitarian organizations. Bile is married, with a son born in 1993 named Ahmed, who as a junior in high school ... Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Abdi Bile ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Athletics ... PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Abdi Bile Category 1962 births Category Living people Category Somalian ... ca Abdi Bile da Abdi Bile de Abdi Bile fr Abdi Bile it Abdi Bile no Abdi Bile pt Abdi Bile so Cabdi Bile Cabdi fi Abdi Bile sv Abdi Bile ... more details
File Bilebear1.jpg right thumb 200px A bile bear in a crush cage on Huizhou Farm, China. ref name AAPN cite web author url http www.aapn.org endangered.html Bile 20Bears title Endangered and Abused Wild ... Network date accessdate 18 December 2011 ref Bile bears or battery bears are Asiatic black bear ... Richard last Black ref to harvest bile , a digestive juice produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder . When extracted, the bears bile is a valuable commodity for sale as an ingredient ... . Living conditions File Sun Bear bile extration 01.jpg thumb right Bears are commonly kept in extraction cages To facilitate the bile milking process, the bears are commonly kept in extraction cages ... BearBileFarming.htm Bile Bear Report. ref The Chinese media reported an incident in which a mother ... 5 August 2011 ref In two model Chinese bile farms, the Humane Society of the United States HSUS reports ... sent researchers to 11 bile farms. ref name HSUS They reported seeing bears moaning, banging their heads against their cages, and chewing their own paws. The mortality rate is high. Bile bears suffer ... When the bears stop producing bile after a few years, they are usually killed for their meat, fur, paws ... HSUS Extraction methods According to the HSUS, the bile is usually extracted twice a day through an implanted tube, producing 10 20 mL of bile each time the process is believed to be painful, as the bears ... HSUS writes that bile bears are still seen with catheters in them. ref name HSUS http www.hsus.org wildlife issues facing wildlife wildlife trade the unbearable trade in bear parts and bile The Unbearable Trade in Bear Parts and Bile , Humane Society of the United States, accessed July 31, 2009. ref ... and gall bladder, from which bile drips out freely. The wound is vulnerable to infection and bile ... to be 4,000 bile bears in Vietnam, where their bile can sell for 100,000 dong US 6.25 a millilitre with 37,500 dong a week regarded as the poverty line for an urban resident , and around 9,000 bile ... more details
See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name Bile image caption image size background group or band ... label Energy Records 1994 &ndash 2000 br Bile Style 2000 &ndash present associated acts website current ... notable instruments Bile is an industrial metal project based in the New York City, USA area ..., Energy folded, inciting Bile to regroup and record for their own label, Bile Style . Bile recorded ... live, Bile usually consists of Krztoff vocals, guitar , R. H. Bear bass, effects , live guitarist Dave ... Life With the Thrill Kill Kult . Bile is currently working on their new CD Hate Radio , which will slowly be released through their MySpace page, and with an official CD release in 2009 Bile is currently ... 2000 2003 Bile Style World War Four Betty Page Wet Dream Sex Reflex There Is No You and Me To Belong ... LABEL Bile Style Records FORMAT LP INFO Produced, mixed, mastered, recorded, and engineered by Krztoff ..., and exclusion of the track Manchurian Candy Date. Nightmare Before Krztoff 2000 2003 Bile Style ... RELEASED 5 16 2000 LABEL Bile Style Records FORMAT LP INFO Dubbed as Krztoff s solo cd. Produced, mixed, and mastered by Krztoff during the Sex Reflex sessions that didn t quite fit into the Bile realm. Love Stinks written by Peter Wolf and Seth Justman. Demonic Electronic 2002 2003 Bile Style The Devil s Bile Legion Demonic Electronic Celebrity Prime Time Loser Bad Karma The Hatred Acid Buried .... LABEL Bile Style Records FORMAT LP INFO Demonic Electronic was written, performed, produced, recorded ... Machine 2002 Bile Style Clones We re All Do You Wanna Touch Me There Oh Yeah We Got The Beat Love ... 10 2002 LABEL Bile Style Records FORMAT LP INFO A collection of Bile s cover songs. All songs recorded ... Frankenhole Frankenhole 2003 Bile Style Disc One Head Burnt Ura Fucking Loser I Reject Feeling Like ... This Pt. 3 You Can t Love This Pt. 4 Solitude Is Bliss RELEASED 11 18 2003 LABEL Bile Style Records ... of Bile s first two albums, Suckpump and Teknowhore. All songs written, recorded, mixed, mastered ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Regurge A Bucket of Bile, Best of Bile Type greatest Longtype Artist Bile band Bile Cover Released October 12, 2004 Recorded Genre Industrial music Industrial Length Label Underground Inc Producer Reviews Last album Frankenhole The Reanimation of Dead Tissue This album Regurge A Bucket of Bile, Best of Bile Next album Hate Radio Regurge A Bucket of Bile, Best Of Bile is a compilation of fan favorite tracks by the New York based industrial band Bile band Bile . 1. Get Out br 2. No One I Call Friend br 3. In League br 4. Legion br 5. I Reject br 6. Weather Control br 7. Sex Reflex br 8. Jerk br 9. Ura Fucking Loser br 10. Teknowhore br 11. Betty Page br 12. Devils Bile br 13. Celebrity DEFAULTSORT Regurge A Bucket Of Bile, Best Of Category Bile albums Category 2004 greatest hits albums 2000s electronic album stub ... more details
The bile acid sequestrants are a group of medications used to bind certain components of bile in the Gut zoology gastrointestinal tract . They disrupt the enterohepatic circulation of bile acid s by sequestering ... in the treatment of chronic diarrhea due to bile acid malabsorption . Mechanism Bile acid sequestrants are polymer ic compounds that serve as ion exchange resin s. Bile acid sequestrants exchange anion s such as chloride ions for bile acids. By doing so, they bind bile acids and sequester them from enterohepatic circulation. Since bile acid sequesterants are large polymeric structures, they are not well absorbed from the gut into the bloodstream. Thus, bile acid sequestrants, along with any bile acids bound to the drug, are excreted via the feces after passage through the gastrointestinal ... Bile Acid Sequestrants Bot generated title ref Indication Since bile acids are biosynthesized from cholesterol , disruption of bile acid reabsorption will decrease cholesterol levels, in particular ... of hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia . In chronic liver diseases such as cirrhosis , bile acids may deposit in the skin, causing pruritus itching . Hence, bile acid sequestrants may be used ... be caused by excess bile salts entering the colon rather than being absorbed at the end of the small intestine the ileum . The condition of bile acid malabsorption occurs after surgery to the ileum ... condition. The SeHCAT test can be used for diagnosis. Bile salt diarrhea is a side effect of gallbladder removal. Bile acid sequestrants may reduce diarrhea in these patients. Bile acid sequestrants ... the introduction of the statin s, which are more efficacious than bile acid sequestrants at lowering ... when used with statins . In addition, because bile acid sequestrants are not well absorbed from ... may be warranted, with appropriate intervals between dosing of the vitamins and bile acid sequestrants. Bile acid sequestrants are the principal therapy for the diarrhea found in bile acid ... more details
Bile acid malabsorption is a cause of chronic diarrhea . It can result from malabsorption secondary to gastro intestinal disease or be a primary disorder. Treatment with bile acid sequestrants is often effective. Classification Bile acid malabsorption was first recognized in patients with ileal disease ..., ref cite journal last Thaysen first EH coauthors Pedersen, L title Idiopathic bile acid catharsis ... Malavolti, M title Bile acid induced diarrhoea journal Clinics in gastroenterology year 1986 volume 15 issue 3 pages 567 82 pmid 3742841 ref Type 1 Bile acid malabsorption, secondary to ileal resection, or ileal inflammation e.g. in Crohn s disease Type 2 Idiopathic bile acid malabsorption, Primary bile acid diarrhea Type 3 Secondary to various gastrointestinal diseases including cholecystectomy ... pancreatitis , etc. Mechanisms of disease Enterohepatic circulation of bile salts Bile acids also called bile salts are produced in the liver , secreted into the biliary system , stored in the gall ... and absorption of fats lipids in the small intestine . Usually over 95 of the bile acids are absorbed ... of bile acids takes place 4 6 times in 24 hours and usually less than 0.5g 24h of bile acids enter the large intestine . When larger amounts of bile acids enter the large intestine , they stimulate ... of chronic diarrhea . Intestinal absorption of bile acids The ileum is very efficient at absorbing the glyco and taurine conjugated forms of the bile salts . The Apical Sodium dependent Bile salt Transporter .... The cytoplasmic ileal bile acid binding protein IBABP, ILBP, gene symbol FABP6 and the basolateral heterodimer of OST and OST transfer bile acids through and out of the cell where they eventually enter the portal vein . These bile acid transporters are all highly expressed in the ileum but not in the liver ... Bile acid transporters journal Journal of lipid research year 2009 volume 50 issue 12 pages 2340 57 ... is reduced, the intestine is less efficient at bile acid reabsorption Type 1 bile acid malabsorption ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Common bile duct Latin ductus choledochus GraySubject 250 GrayPage 1198 Image Digestive system showing bile duct.png Caption Digestive system diagram showing the common bile duct System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre d 29 DorlandsSuf 12314771 Bile ducts and pancreas The common bile duct ductus choledochus is a tube like anatomic structure in the human gastrointestinal tract . It is formed by the union of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct from the gall bladder . It is later joined by the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla of Vater . There, the two ducts are surrounded by the muscular sphincter of Oddi . When the sphincter of Oddi is closed, newly synthesized bile from the liver is forced into storage in the gall bladder. When open, the stored and concentrated bile exits into the duodenum . This conduction of bile is the main function of the common bile duct. The hormone cholecystokinin , when stimulated by a fatty meal, promotes bile secretion by increased production of hepatic bile, contraction of the gall bladder, and relaxation of the Sphincter of Oddi. Several problems can arise within the common bile duct. If clogged by a gallstone , a condition called choledocholithiasis can result. In this clogged state, the duct is especially vulnerable to an infection called ascending cholangitis . Very rare deformities of the common bile duct are cystic dilations 4 cm , choledochoceles cystic dilation of the ampula of Vater 3 8 cm , and biliary ... due to Ampullary tumor. Image Gray1095 gall bladder.png The gall bladder and bile ducts laid open ... portion of the duodenum, showing bile papilla. Image Gray1086 liver.PNG Inferior surface of the liver ... The gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts. SUNYAnatomyImage 8 3 36 SUNYAnatomyImage 7 9 57 NormanAnatomy liver NormanAnatomyFig biliarysystem Digestive glands DEFAULTSORT Common Bile Duct Category ... es Conducto biliar com n fr Canal chol doque hr Glavni u ovod it Coledoco pam Common bile duct ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Bile ducts and pancreas Intrahepatic bile ducts are part of the outflow system of exocrine bile product from the liver . They can be divided into large and small ducts. ref name MacSweenBurt2007 cite book author1 Roderick N. M. MacSween author2 Alastair D. Burt author3 Bernard Portmann coauthors Linda D. Ferrell title MacSween s pathology of the liver url http books.google.com books?id 08a3FiePGGQC&pg PA518 accessdate 27 June 2010 year 2007 publisher Elsevier Health Sciences isbn 9780443100123 pages 518 ref Examples include Large Hepatic duct left and right hepatic ducts Small interlobular bile ducts Alternatively, they may refer to the ducts found between the interlobular bile ducts and the left and right hepatic ducts . Citation needed date July 2010 The epithelium of these ducts is described as simple columnar simple columnar epithelium with dense fibroelastic connective tissue and smooth muscle . References Reflist Digestive glands Use dmy dates date February 2011 DEFAULTSORT Intrahepatic Bile Ducts Category Hepatology Digestive stub ... more details
unreferenced date August 2009 Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin ductuli interlobulares GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre d 29 DorlandsSuf 12314697 The interlobular bile ducts or interlobular ductules carries bile in the liver between the Canals of Hering and the intrahepatic bile ducts . They are part of the interlobular portal triad and can be easily localized by looking for the much larger hepatic portal vein portal vein . The cells of the ducts are described as cuboidal epithelium with increasing amounts of connective tissue around it. Category Hepatology digestive stub Digestive glands ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Accessory bile duct Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf An accessory bile duct is a wikt conduit conduit that transports bile and is considered to be supernumerary body part supernumerary or auxiliary to the biliary tree . ref EMedicineDictionary accessory ref It may be described by its location relative to the gallbladder as supravescicular ref name sharif cite journal author Sharif K, de Ville de Goyet J title Bile duct of Luschka leading to bile leak after cholecystectomy revisiting the biliary anatomy journal J. Pediatr. Surg. volume 38 issue 11 pages E21 3 year 2003 month November pmid 14614740 doi 10.1016 j.jpedsurg.2003.08.008 url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S0022346803005980 ref ref name mcquillan cite journal author McQuillan T, Manolas SG, Hayman JA, Kune GA title Surgical significance of the bile duct of Luschka journal Br J Surg volume ... al. title A study of the subvesical bile duct duct of Luschka in resected liver specimens journal ... 0469 z url ref ref name spanos cite journal author Spanos CP, Syrakos T title Bile leaks from the duct ... to an accessory bile duct that does not communicate with the gallbladder lumen. The term is ambiguous ... bile ducts. Clinical significance Although they may not drain any liver parenchyma , they can be a source of a bile leak or biliary peritonitis after cholecystectomy in both adults and children. If an accessory bile duct goes unrecognized at the time of the gallbladder removal, 5 7 days post operative the patient will develop bile peritonitis , Fact date April 2008 an easily treatable complication with a morbidity rate of 44 if left untreated. Often diagnosed by HIDA scan , a bile leak from an accessory bile duct post op can be treated with a temporary biliary stent Fact date April 2008 to redirect the bile from the liver into the intestine and allow the accessory duct to spontaneously seal ... more details
Summary album cover fur REQUIRED Article Nightmare Before Krztoff Use Infobox HIGHLY RECOMMENDED Source Scan ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Name The Nightmare Before Krztoff Artist Bile Label Bile Style Records Graphic Artist Item Type Website Owner Commentary OVERRIDE FIELDS Description Album cover Portion Low resolution Purpose Artwork Replaceability other information Licensing Non free album cover ... more details
Image Bile duct hamartoma intermed mag.jpg 250px thumb right Micrograph of a bile duct hamartoma . Trichrome stain . In histopathology , a bile duct hamartoma , also von Meyenburg complex , Meyenburg complex and biliary hamartoma , is a benign tumour like malformation of the liver. They are classically associated with polycystic liver disease , as may be seen in the context of polycystic kidney disease , and represent a malformation of the liver plate. ref name Desmet1998 Cite journal last1 Desmet first1 VJ title Ludwig symposium on biliary disorders part I. Pathogenesis of ductal plate abnormalities. journal Mayo Clin Proc volume 73 issue 1 pages 80 9 month Jan year 1998 doi 10.4065 73.1.80 pmid 9443684 ref Eponym The eponymous terms von Meyenburg complex , Meyenburg complex are named for Hanns von Meyenburg . ref name Ref WhoNamedIt synd 1693 ref ref name Ref a H. von Meyenburg. ber die Zyztenleber. Beitr ge zur pathologischen Anatomie und zur allgemeinen Pathologie, Jena, 1918, 64 477 532. ref See also Cholestasis Ground glass hepatocyte Mallory body Additional images gallery Image Bile duct hamartoma high mag.jpg Micrograph of a bile duct hamartoma . Trichrome stain . Image Von Meyenburg complex low mag.jpg Low magnification micrograph of a bile duct hamartoma . Trichrome stain . Image Von Meyenburg komplex.jpg Gross pathology Gross pathologic appearance of a large bile duct hamartoma . gallery References reflist 2 External links http www.pathconsultddx.com pathCon diagnosis?pii S1559 8675 06 71569 8 Bile duct hamartoma pathconsultddx.com. Cystic diseases Category Congenital disorders of digestive system medicine stub de Von Meyenburg Komplex ... more details
enzyme Name Bile acid CoA hydrolase EC number 3.1.2.26 CAS number IUBMB EC number 3 1 2 26 GO code image width caption In enzymology , a bile acid CoA hydrolase EC number 3.1.2.26 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction deoxycholoyl CoA H sub 2 sub O math rightleftharpoons math CoA deoxycholate Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are deoxycholoyl CoA and water H sub 2 sub O , whereas its two product chemistry products are coenzyme A CoA and deoxycholate . This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolase s, specifically those acting on thioester bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is deoxycholoyl CoA hydrolase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Ye HQ, Mallonee DH, Wells JE, Bjorkhem I, Hylemon PB date 1999 title The bile acid inducible baiF gene from Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708 encodes a bile acid coenzyme A hydrolase journal J. Lipid. Res. volume 40 pages 17&ndash 23 pmid 9869646 issue 1 hydrolase stub Category EC 3.1.2 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
Image Esculin.svg thumb Esculin Bile Esculin Agar BEA is a selective differential agar used to isolate and identify members of the genus Enterococcus , ref name urlBSCI424 Laboratory Media cite web url http www.life.umd.edu classroom bsci424 LabMaterialsMethods BSCI424Media.htm title BSCI424 Laboratory Media format work accessdate 2008 11 18 ref also known as group D streptococci . ref name pmid1176613 cite journal author Lindell SS, Quinn P title Use of bile esculin agar for rapid differentiation of Enterobacteriaceae journal J. Clin. Microbiol. volume 1 issue 5 pages 440 3 year 1975 month May pmid 1176613 pmc 275140 doi url http jcm.asm.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 1176613 ref Composition and process Bile salts are the selective ingredient, while esculin is the differential component. Enterococcus hydrolyze esculin to products that react with ferric citrate in the medium to produce insoluble iron salts, resulting in the blackening of the medium. Test results must be interpreted in conjunction with gram stain morphology. Uses Bile Esculin Agar is used primarily to differentiate Enterococcus from Streptococcus . Members of the genus Enterococcus are capable of growing in the presence of 4 bile oxgall and hydrolyzing esculin to glucose and esculetin . Esculetin combines with ferric ions to produce a black complex. For some purposes, certain bacteria are able to hydrolyze aesculin . A plate containing aesculin will fluoresce a pale blue under UV radiation. Some bacteria can hydrolise this, leading to UV dark colonies, as opposed to UV light ones. When new techniques are produced to identify enterococci, they are often compared to the use of bile esculin agar. ref name pmid18832121 cite journal author Grabsch EA, Ghaly Derias S, Gao W, Howden BP title Comparative study of selective chromogenic chromID VRE and bile esculin agars for isolation and identification of vanB ... links http www.microbeid.com Media bileesculin.html Bile Esculin Agar Description & Formulation Growth ... more details
refimprove date April 2010 Vanishing bile duct syndrome is a loose collection of diseases which leads to the injury to hepatic bile ducts and eventual ductopenia . ref cite journal author Reau NS, Jensen DM title Vanishing bile duct syndrome journal Clin Liver Dis volume 12 issue 1 pages 203 17, x year 2008 month February pmid 18242505 doi 10.1016 j.cld.2007.11.007 url ref Etiology Congenital Developmental In fetal and neonatal life the ductal plates are remodeled. The malformations can be atretic or fibrocystic. Atretic causes Extrahepatic bile duct atresia Fibrocystic causes Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease Congential hepatic fibrosis Caroli s disease Von Meyenburg complex Chromosomal associations Trisomy 17, 18 and 21 Genetic associations Cystic fibrosis Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency Trihydroxycoprostanic acidemia Byler s disease Immunologic associations Bile duct injury and loss can result from autoimmune destruction. T cells recognize biliary epithelial cell antigens causing injury and eventual atresia. Other causes Primary biliary cirrhosis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Hodgkin s disease Chronic graft versus host disease Drugs Toxins Ischemia Clinical presentation The presentation is dependant upon the underlying etiology. The course can be rapid or chronic. Symptoms Fatigue Anorexia Abdominal pain Weight loss Pruritis Signs Hyperlipidemia Malabsorption Fat soluble vitamin deficiencies Elevated alkaline phosphatase Elevated gamma glutamyltransferase Elevated conjugated bilirubin Treatment Treatment is dependent upon the underlying etiology. Treatment is supportive as it is not possible to induce regrowth of lost ducts. Medical therapies Ursodeoxycholic acid Immunosuppression General consensus is that more studies are needed before this can be considered Organ transplant References Reflist External links http www.utdol.com patients content topic.do?topicKey 1kvvp.E6r b5ok&source HISTORY Uptodate Hepatic ductopenia and vanishing bile duct syndrome ... more details
Pastor Micha Ond Bile born 1952 in Nsinik Sawong, Spanish Guinea is the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation Guinea Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Equatorial Guinea since February 2003. Prior to this, he was Equatorial Guinea s Permanent Representative to the United Nations as well as Ambassador to the United States and Spain . Minister Pastor earned his Bachelor s degree Bachelor and Master s degree Master in Petrol Engineering in Ukraine in 1982. A member of the Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea PDGE , he was appointed as Minister of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation, and La Francophonie on February 11, 2003. ref http www.afrique express.com archive CENTRALE guineeequato guineequaegvt 264gvt11022003.htm Le gouvernement de Guin e Equatoriale form le 11 f vrier 2003 , Afrique Express , N 264, February 17, 2003 fr icon . ref References reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Bile, Pastor Micha Ondo ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1952 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Bile, Pastor Micha Ondo Category 1952 births Category Living people Category Permanent Representatives of Equatorial Guinea to the United Nations Category Ambassadors of Equatorial Guinea Category Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea politicians Category Government ministers of Equatorial Guinea Category Ambassadors to the United States Category Ambassadors to Spain Category Equatorial Guinea United States relations EquatorialGuinea politician stub de Pastor Micha Ondo Bile fr Pastor Micha Ondo Bile ... more details
enzyme Name Bile acid 7alpha dehydratase EC number 4.2.1.106 CAS number IUBMB EC number 4 2 1 106 GO code image width caption In enzymology , a bile acid 7alpha dehydratase EC number 4.2.1.106 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 7alpha,12alpha dihydroxy 3 oxochol 4 enoate math rightleftharpoons math 12alpha hydroxy 3 oxochola 4,6 dienoate H sub 2 sub O Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 7alpha,12alpha dihydroxy 3 oxochol 4 enoate , and two product chemistry products , 12alpha hydroxy 3 oxochola 4,6 dienoate and water H sub 2 sub O . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically the hydro lyases, which cleave carbon oxygen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 7alpha,12alpha dihydroxy 3 oxochol 4 enoate hydro lyase 12alpha hydroxy 3 oxochola 4,6 dienoate forming . This enzyme is also called 7alpha,12alpha dihydroxy 3 oxochol 4 enoate hydro lyase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Dawson JA, Mallonee DH, Bjorkhem I, Hylemon PB date 1996 title Expression and characterization of a C24 bile acid 7 alpha dehydratase from Eubacterium sp. strain VPI 12708 in Escherichia coli journal J. Lipid. Res. volume 37 pages 1258&ndash 67 pmid 8808760 issue 6 4.2 enzyme stub Category EC 4.2.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
PBB geneid 1056 Bile salt dependent lipase or BSDL , also known as carboxyl ester lipase or CEL is an enzyme produced by the adult pancreas and aids in the digestion of fats. Bile salt stimulated lipase or BSSL is an equivalent enzyme found within breast milk . BSDL has been found in the pancreatic secretions of all species in which it has been looked for. BSSL, originally discovered in the milk of humans and various other primate s, has since been found in the milk of many animals including dogs ... milk bile salt stimulated lipase journal Biochem. J. year 1992 volume 283 issue 1 pages 119 122 ... Bile salt dependent lipase its pathophysiological implications journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta. year .... ref name Sbarra cite journal author Sbarra V, Bruneau N. et al. title Molecular cloning of the bile ... Nilsson J, Bl ckberg L, Carlsson P, et al. title cDNA cloning of human milk bile salt stimulated ... doi cite journal author Baba T, Downs D, Jackson KW, et al. title Structure of human milk bile salt ... bi00216a028 cite journal author Christie DL, Cleverly DR, O Connor CJ title Human milk bile salt ... DY, Kissel JA title Sequence identity between human pancreatic cholesterol esterase and bile salt stimulated ... pancreatic carboxylester hydrolase bile salt stimulated lipase of human milk and lactoferrin. journal ... Bile salt dependent lipase transcripts in human fetal tissues. journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta volume ... PL, Sbarra V, Lombardo D title Association of bile salt dependent lipase with membranes of human pancreatic ... Isolation and characterization of human milk bile salt activated lipase C tail fragment. journal Biochemistry ... bile salt dependent lipase. journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 270 issue 22 pages 13524 33 year 1995 pmid ... Human fetoacinar pancreatic protein an oncofetal glycoform of the normally secreted pancreatic bile ... journal author Landberg E, P hlsson P, Krotkiewski H, et al. title Glycosylation of bile salt stimulated ... author Murasugi A, Asami Y, Mera Kikuchi Y title Production of recombinant human bile salt stimulated ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
