ZeroInsertionForce Dual in line package Category CPU sockets ar ca ZIF de ZeroInsertionForce es ZeroInsertionForce fr Force d insertion nulle ko ZIF it ZeroInsertionForce hu ZeroInsertionForce pl ZIF pt ZIF ru ZIF sk ZeroInsertionForce fi Nollavoimakanta sv ZeroInsertionForce ...Unreferenced date April 2008 file Socket 462.saa.jpeg thumb A large ZIF socket socket A Zeroinsertionforce ZIF is a concept used in the design of IC socket s and electrical connector s invented to avoid problems caused by applying force upon insertion and extraction. A normal integrated circuit IC socket requires the IC to be pushed into sprung contacts which then grip by friction . For an IC with hundreds of pins, the total insertionforce can be very large tens of newton unit newton s , leading to a danger of damage to the device or the circuit board . Also even with relatively small pin counts each extraction is fairly awkward and carries a significant risk of bending pins particularly if the person performing the extraction hasn t had much practice or the board is crowded . Low insertionforce LIF sockets reduce the issues of insertion and extraction but the lower the insertionforce of a conventional socket, the less reliable the connection is likely to be. With a ZIF socket, before the IC is inserted, a lever or slider on the side of the socket is moved, pushing all the sprung contacts apart so that the IC can be inserted with very little force generally the weight of the IC itself is sufficient with no external downward force required . The lever is then moved back, allowing the contacts to close and grip the pins of the IC. ZIF sockets are much more expensive than standard IC sockets and also tend to take up a larger board area due to the space taken up by the mechanism ... free of insertionforce but not a ZIF socket in the traditional sense, does a better job by using ... more details
Unreferenced date May 2010 image Lif connector toshiba mk4009gal.jpg thumb 300px right LIF connector of a 1.8 hard disk drive Image 80386with387.JPG thumb right 300px Intel 80386 and 80387 mounted on LIF sockets. Low insertion force sockets LIF are integrated circuit sockets that are designed so the force required to insert or remove a package is low. Initially, the LIF connectors were designed as a cheaper alternative compared to Zero insertion force ZIF connectors, to facilitate programming and testing of equipment. Compared with standard IC sockets, they have a lower friction force between the contacts of the device and the socket, making insertion and removal of the device easier, while at the same time eliminating the need for the complex mechanism that is used in ZIF sockets. The disadvantages of LIF connectors are that the grip force between the contacts is lower, and the contacts can oxidize faster and decrease the lifespan of the connector. With the advent of frequent changes in PC processors, a need arose for these systems. Intel introduced the LIF socket system, in which the processor is inserted into the socket, rather than fixed by a lever. This type of socket was used for some types of 386s and early 486s. This type of socket has been replaced by the zero insertion force ZIF socket, although LIF sockets are now used in modern 1.8 hard disks. DEFAULTSORT Low Insertion Force Category Chip carriers Compu hardware stub de Low Insertion Force es Low insertion force fr Low Insertion Force it Low Insertion Force pt Low insertion force ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 In the field of engineering mechanics , a zeroforce member refers to a member a single truss segment in a truss which, given a specific structural load load , is at rest neither in tension mechanics tension , nor in compression physical compression . In a truss a zeroforce member is often found at pins any connections within the truss where no external load is applied and three or fewer truss members meet. Recognizing basic zeroforce members can be accomplished by analyzing the force s acting on an individual pin in a physical system . NOTE If the pin has an external force or Moment physics moment applied to it, then all of the members attached to that pin are not zeroforce members UNLESS the external force acts in a manner that fulfills one of the rules below If only two members meet in an unloaded Joint building joint , both are zeroforce members. If three members meet in an unloaded joint of which two are in a direct line with one another, then the third member is a zeroforce member. If two members meet in a loaded joint and the line of action of the load coincides with one of the members, the other member is a zeroforce member. Reasons for Zeroforce members in a truss system These members contribute to the stability of the structure, by providing buckling prevention for long slender members under compressive forces These members can carry loads in the event that variations are introduced in the normal external loading configuration See also Structural engineering Truss External links http www.vcity.ou.edu demoModules analysis truss truss.htm Truss Overview http em ntserver.unl.edu NEGAHBAN EM223 note12 note12.htm Another Truss Overview Source Engineering Mechanics Volume 1 Equilibrium by C. Hartsuijker and J.W. Welleman DEFAULTSORT ZeroForce Member Category Structural analysis Category Statics ... more details
Insertion may refer to Insertion anatomy , the point of a tendon or ligament onto the skeleton or other part of the body Insertion genetics , the addition of DNA into a genetic sequence Insertion loss , in electronics Insertion reaction , a chemical reaction in which one chemical entity interposes itself into an existing bond of a second chemical entity e.g. font color red A font font color blue B&ndash C font font color blue B&ndash font font color red A font font color blue &ndash C font Insertion sort , a simple computer algorithm for sorting arrays Local insertion , in broadcasting See also Insert . disambig de Insertion fr Insertion ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 SD Gundam Force Emaki Musharetsuden Zero is a prequel to SD Gundam Force Emaki Musharetsuden . It was serialized in Hobby Japan magazine as a brief ongoing feature, containing both a manga story and updates of early SD Musha Gundam model kits. The storyline focuses on the original exploits of the fathers from Musha Retsuden, the original SD Musha Gundam cast. The main character is Rekka Musha Gundam, a samurai musha RX 78 2 Gundam . Super Deformed Gundam DEFAULTSORT Sd Gundam Force Emaki Musharetsuden Zero Category SD Gundam Gundam Force Emaki Zero Manga stub ... more details
The Zero Retention Force Arming Unit ZRFAU is an military electro mechanical device. EDO Corporation EDO MBM Technology Ltd are sole owners of the proprietary rights to one such unit and act as technical support and design authority for its ongoing use and installation. The units are used in U.S. Navy BRU 32,BRU 41,BRU 42, BRU 45, the US Air Force BRU 46 & BRU 47, the Royal Australian Air Force MAU 12, the European Tornado HMERU & LMERU bomb racks. ref name web.archive.org http web.archive.org web 20060220111749 http www.mbmtech.co.uk pa.html ref The ZRFAU is also used in the Israeli Military Industries IMI VER 2 Bomb Rack, a bomb rack also owned by EDO MBM Technology Ltd, and currently advertised for sale by a subsidiary of Elbit Systems Elbit Systems Ltd in Israel ., ref Cyclone Aviation Acquisition of IMI Aircraft System Division Broadens In House Capabilities sup http www.exhibitions.sibat.mod.gov.il ParisAirShow UploadDocs News ELBIT7.PDF sup , Ministry of Defense Israel Israeli Ministry of Defense ref for the Israeli air force F 16. Following investigations by campaigners into EDO MBM s links with Israel, and the submission of documents showing these links in court as part of a defence of Palestine Solidarity protesters, EDO MBM removed from their website a reference stating it was actively manufacturing ZRFAUs , ref name web.archive.org ref http web.archive.org web 20070927214113 http www.edocorp.com documentation ZeroRetentionForceArmingUt.pdf ref claiming this statement had been an error . Directors of EDO UK Ltd, the parent company of EDO MBM admitted that a US subsidiary, Artisan Technologies, in New Jersey, did manufacture the component supplied to Israel. This subsidiary was owned by EDO UK from 2000 until it was sold in 2008. Despite the sale of the company officially manufacturing the ZRFAU, EDO MBM continue to be the sole point of contact for sales and technical ... bomb racks for use with F 16 combat aircraft, that those aircraft are used by the Israeli air force ... more details
wiktionarypar insertion wiktionarypar point Insertion point may refer to Cursor computers , an indicator for a point where input is inserted into a display device Landing zone , a military term used for the landing area of an airborne force The unicode character unicode , used to denote an insertion into text disambig ... more details
for insertion sort for a zero based array as in C programming language C source lang c for i 1 to i ...Infobox Algorithm class Sorting algorithm image File Insertionsort edited.png none 280px Example of insertion sort sorting a list of random numbers. caption Example of insertion sort sorting a list of random ... 2 sup space n total, O 1 auxiliary optimal No Insertion sort is a simple sorting algorithm a comparison ..., insertion sort provides several advantages Simple implementation Efficient for quite small data ... cards , most use a method that is similar to insertion sort. ref Robert Sedgewick, Algorithms , Addison Wesley 1983 chapter 8 p. 95 ref Algorithm File Insertion sort example 300px.gif 300px thumb right An example on insertion sort. Check each element and put them in the right order in the sorted list. Every repetition of insertion sort removes an element from the input data, inserting it into the correct ... before.png Array prior to the insertion of x becomes Image insertionsort after.png Array after the insertion ... common variant of insertion sort, which operates on arrays, can be described as follows Suppose ... an insertion sort, begin at the left most element of the array and invoke Insert to insert each ... is stored at the beginning of the array in the set of indices already examined. Each insertion ... the arrays are zero based and the for loop includes both the top and bottom limits as in Pascal ... 1 A j j j 1 A j 1 key source Best, worst, and average cases Image Insertion sort.gif thumb right 280px Animation of the insertion sort sorting a 30 element array. The best case input is an array that is already sorted. In this case insertion sort has a linear running time i.e., Big Theta notation ... of the array before inserting the next element. For this case insertion sort has a quadratic running time i.e., O n sup 2 sup . The average case is also quadratic, which makes insertion sort impractical for sorting large arrays. However, insertion sort is one of the fastest algorithms for sorting ... more details
In telecommunication , insertion gain is the gain resulting from the insertion of a device in a transmission line , expressed as the ratio of the Signalling telecommunication signal Power physics power delivered to that part of the line following the device to the signal power delivered to that same part before insertion. If the resulting number is less than unity, an insertion loss is indicated. Insertion gain is usually expressed in decibel dB . References FS1037C MS188 Category Telecommunications engineering telecomm stub ... more details
Nofootnotes date January 2009 File APS Canted insertion device.jpg thumb Canted insertion device at the Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory . An insertion device ID is a component in modern synchrotron light source s. They are periodic magnetic structures that stimulate highly brilliant, forward directed synchrotron radiation emission by forcing a stored charged particle beam to perform wiggles, or undulations, as they pass through the device. This motion is caused by the Lorentz force , and it is from this oscillatory motion that we get the names for the two classes of device, which are known as Wiggler synchrotron wiggler s and undulator s. History The theory behind undulators was developed by Vitaly Ginzburg in the USSR . However it was Motz and his team who in 1953 installed the first undulator in a linac at Stanford, using it to generate millimetre wave radiation through to visible light. ref cite web last Robinson first Arthur L. title X Ray Data Booklet History of Synchrotron Radiation url http xdb.lbl.gov Section2 Sec 2 2.html accessdate 4 September 2011 ref It was not until the 1970s that undulators were installed in electron storage rings to produce synchrotron radiation. The first institutions to take these devices were the Lebedev Physical Institute in Moscow , and the Tomsk Polytechnic University . These installations allowed a fuller characterisation of the behaviour of undulators. Undulators only became practical devices for insertion in synchrotron light sources in 1981, when teams at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lawrence Berkeley Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory SSRL and at BINP in Russia developed permanent magnetic arrays, known as Halbach array s, which allowed short repeating periods unachievable with either electromagnetic ... generation of light sources, free electron laser s. Operation Insertion devices are traditionally ... wstawkowe simple Insertion device ... more details
In telecommunications , insertion loss is the loss of Signalling telecommunication signal power physics power resulting from the insertion of a device in a transmission line or optical fiber and is usually expressed in decibel s dB . If the power transmitted to the load before insertion is P sub T sub and the power received by the load after insertion is P sub R sub , then the insertion loss in dB is given by, math 10 log 10 P mathrm T over P mathrm R math Electronic filters Insertion loss is a figure of merit for an electronic filter and this data is generally specified with a filter. Insertion loss is defined as a ratio of the signal level in a test configuration without the filter installed V sub 1 sub to the signal level with the filter installed V sub 2 sub . This ratio is described in decibel dB by the following equation math mbox Insertion loss dB 10 log 10 left V 1 right 2 over left V 2 right 2 20 log 10 left V 1 right over left V 2 right math Link with Scattering parameters In case the two measurement ports use the same reference impedance, the insertion loss math IL math is defined as ref Pozar, David M. Microwave Engineering, Third Edition ref ref Collin, Robert E. Foundations For Microwave Engineering, Second Edition ref math IL 20 log 10 left S 21 right , text dB math and not, as often mistakenly thought, by math IL 10 log 10 frac left S 21 right 2 1 left S 11 right 2 , math dB. It is the extra loss produced by the introduction of the DUT between the 2 reference planes of the measurement. Notice that the extra loss can be introduced by intrinsic loss in the DUT and or mismatch. In case of extra loss the insertion loss is defined to be positive. For more detail, see the main article on Scattering parameters Insertion loss Scattering Parameters . See also Mismatch loss Return loss References references FS1037C Category Telecommunications engineering de Einf ged mpfung es P rdidas por inserci n id Kehilangan sisipan ja ... more details
Image insertion genetics.png thumb 300px An illustration of an insertion at chromosome level In genetics , an insertion also called an insertion mutation is the addition of one or more nucleotide base pair s into a DNA sequence. This can often happen in Microsatellite genetics microsatellite regions due to the DNA polymerase slipping. Insertions can be anywhere in size from one base pair incorrectly inserted into a DNA sequence to a section of one chromosome inserted into another. On a chromosome level, an insertion refers to the insertion of a larger sequence into a chromosome. This can happen due to unequal Chromosomal crossover crossover during meiosis . N region addition is the addition of non coded nucleotides during genetic recombination recombination by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase . P nucleotide insertion is the insertion of palindromic sequence s encoded by the ends of the recombining gene segments. Trinucleotide repeat disorder Trinucleotide repeats are sometimes classified as insertion mutations ref http evolution.berkeley.edu evosite evo101 IIIC3aTypes.shtml Types of Mutations Understanding Evolution For Teachers Home. Retrieved on September 19, 2009 ref ref http books.google.dk books?id Cjl98tqp6rsC&printsec frontcover&source gbs navlinks s v onepage&q &f false Page 510 in Genomes 3. Terence A. Brown. Garland Science, 2007. ISBN 0815341385, 9780815341383. 713 ... on the gene in which the insertion occurs. In frame insertions occur when the reading frame is not altered as a result of the insertion the number of inserted nucleotides is divisible by three. The reading frame remains intact after the insertion and translation will most likely run to completion ..., the finished protein will contain, depending on the size of the insertion, multiple new amino ... and Company, 2008. Mutation Category Genetics Category Mutation genetics stub de Insertion Genetik fr Insertion g n tique nl Insertie chromosomen no Innsetting pl Insercja pt Inser o gen tica ... more details
SQL Insertion may refer to SQL insertion attack Insert SQL , statement in SQL disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
An insertion sequence also known as an IS , an insertion sequence element , or an IS element is a short DNA sequence that acts as a simple transposon transposable element . Insertion sequences have two major characteristics they are small relative to other transposable elements generally around 700 to 2500 base pair bp in length and only code for proteins implicated in the transposition activity they are thus different from other transposons , which also carry accessory genes such as antibiotic resistance genes . These proteins are usually the transposase which catalyses the enzymatic reaction allowing the IS to move, and also one regulatory protein which either stimulates or inhibits the transposition activity. The coding region in an insertion sequence is usually flanked by inverted repeat s. For example, the well known IS 911 1250 bp is flanked by two 36bp inverted repeat extremities and the coding region has two genes partially overlapping orfA and orfAB , coding the transposase OrfAB and a regulatory protein OrfA . http www is.biotoul.fr is IS infos IS3 family.html IS911 A particular insertion sequence may be named according to the form IS n , where n is a natural number number ..., however. Although insertion sequences are usually discussed in the context of prokaryote prokaryotic ... elements may be considered to be, insertion sequences. http mmbr.asm.org cgi content full 62 3 725 SEC6 Image Composite transposon.svg thumbnail Diagram illustrating the role of insertion sequences IS in a composite transposon In addition to occurring autonomously, insertion sequences may also occur as parts of composite transposon s in a composite transposon, two insertion sequences flank ..., there exist another sort of transposons, called unit transposons, that do not carry insertion sequences at their extremities e.g. Tn 7 . A complex transposon does not rely on flanking insertion sequences ..., Michael 1998 . http mmbr.asm.org cgi content full 62 3 725 Insertion sequences . Microbiology and Molecular ... more details
Multiple issues refimprove April 2008 context February 2008 Anarchism sidebar Social insertion Spanish inserci n social is one of the two main forms of anarchism anarchist activism championed by the FARJ Federa o Anarquista do Rio de Janeiro and other South America n anarchist organizations, the other being especifismo . Both principles are based on traditional trends within anarchism. While social insertion is described as being rooted in Bakunin s insistence on social activism, especifismo is considered to be based on Errico Malatesta Malatesta s focus on anarchist specific organization. ref http www.alasbarricadas.org noticias ?q node 6849 Alas barricadas ref ref http www.indymedia.org fr 2005 09 824901.shtml Indy Media ref With the break between anarchism and labor movements in South America in the 1920s, anarchism there lost a connection with social movement s. The goal of social insertion is to re ignite this trend, described as the social vector of anarchism. ref http www.alasbarricadas.org noticias ?q node 6849 Alas barricadas ref Some have been suspicious of the term, associating it with entryism as practiced by the old authoritarian left movements. However, proponents of social insertion insist that entryism is essentially using involvement as a Trojan horse for purposes of promotion whereas social insertion is focused on genuine improvement in communities. ref http www.alasbarricadas.org noticias ?q node 6849 Alas barricadas ref ref http wwwnefac.net node 1386 NEFAC ref Social insertion consists simply of building a base for anarchist ideas through involvement at rank and file level over time in workplace and community organizations and struggles. cquote There are several anarchist groups and organizations that have been seeking to expand their social insertion for several years and a fair amount of experience has been accumulated over recent years, from the homeless movement to the students movement, from the inner city neighborhoods to union work, in the fights ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 The term insertion time is used to describe the length of time which is required to rearrange a subcritical mass of fissile material into a prompt critical mass . This is one of the three main requirements in a nuclear weapon design to create a working fission atomic bomb . The need for a short insertion time with plutonium is the reason why the implosion method was chosen for the first plutonium bomb, while with uranium 235 it is possible to use a gun design. The basic requirements are To start with a subcritical system To create a super prompt critical system To make the change between these two states in a length of time insertion time which is shorter than the time between the random appearance of a neutron in the fissile material through spontaneous fission or by other random processes. Also at the right moment in time, neutrons must be injected into the fissile material to start up the fission process. This can be done by several methods. Alpha emitters such as polonium or plutonium 238 can be rapidly combined with beryllium to create a neutron source. Boosted fission weapon where a D T reaction is caused by the heating of the implosion. This creates the neutrons required for the start up of the device. Neutrons can be generated using an electrostatic discharge tube, this tube uses the D T reaction. DEFAULTSORT Insertion Time Category Nuclear weapons Category Nuclear physics Category Nuclear technology ... more details
Insertion is the point at which a muscle attaches to a bone . The insertion attaches to the structure that will be moved by the Muscle contraction contraction of the muscle. Insertions are usually connections of muscle via tendon to bone. ref name martini cite book last Martini first Frederic coauthors William C. Ober, Claire W. Garrison, Kathleen Welch, and Ralph T. Hutchings year 2001 title Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, 5th Ed. publisher Prentice Hall id ISBN 0130172928 ref The opposite end of the muscle is called the origin anatomy origin . References reflist Category Anatomy musculoskeletal stub Muscular system de Ursprung und Ansatz th ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Orbit insertion is the spaceflight operation of adjusting a spacecraft s momentum to allow for entry into a stable orbit around a planet , moon , or other celestial body. ref cite web url http library.thinkquest.org 03oct 02144 spacecraft orbit.htm Thinkquest.org title Orbital Insertion ref This maneuver involves either deceleration from a speed in excess of the respective body s escape velocity , or acceleration to it from a lower speed. Deceleration The first kind of orbit insertion is used when capturing into orbit around a celestial body other than Earth, owing to the excess speed of interplanetary transfer orbits relative to their destination orbits. This shedding of excess velocity is typically achieved via a rocket firing known as an orbit insertion burn. For such a maneuver, the spacecraft s engine thrusts in its direction of travel for a specified duration to slow its velocity relative to the target body enough to enter into orbit. ref cite web url http www.astronomy.com link.aspx? id 8d44e60f 5911 4e5a ae09 158e39ad8655 Astronomy.com title MESSENGER poised for Mercury orbit insertion ref Another technique, used when the destination body has a tangible atmosphere, is called aerobraking , which uses the friction of atmospheric drag to slow a spacecraft. Generally aerobraking is used to circularize a highly elliptical capture orbit while minimizing the use of on board fuel. To date, only a handful of aerocapture maneuvers have been attempted by NASA. ref cite web url http trs new.jpl.nasa.gov dspace bitstream 2014 17918 1 99 1368.pdf jpl.nasa.gov ... PHASES ref Acceleration The second type of orbit insertion is used for newly launched satellite ... of maneuver and powered trans planetary orbit insertion is the significantly lesser change in velocity ... velocity of interplanetary cruise. Alternatives to rockets Although current orbit insertion ... Orbit Insertion Category Spacecraft propulsion Category Spaceflight ca Inserci orbital es ... more details
A migratory insertion is a type of chemical reaction reaction in organometallic chemistry wherein two ligand s on a metal complex combine. It is a subset of reactions that very closely resembles the insertion ... is sometimes unknown. Therefore, migratory insertion reactions or insertion reactions, for short, are defined ... see also Ligand Classification of ligands as L and X In the migratory insertion, a ligand that is viewed ... saturated , migratory insertion often result in the a coordinatively unsaturated product. A new neutral ligand can then react with the metal leading to a further insertion. The process can occur ... cases, even carbene. Diverse reactions apply to the migratory insertion. One mechanism involves ... itself between the metal and the anionic ligand. CO insertion The insertion of carbon monoxide ... insertion. The key concept is that both the CO and the alkyl groups are ligands on the same metal. For example ...&dq Mn CO 5CH3 insertion reaction&hl en&ei F1ETTb2bBsa3cK SzMAK&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum ... year 2005 page 244 isbn 9788126118984 ref File Insertion reaction for an octahedral complex.png thumb center 606px CO Insertion reaction pathway for an octahedral complex CO insertion does not always ... alkyl migration products and products formed by true insertion of bound carbonyls into the methyl group ... first1 G. K. last2 Cross first2 R. J. title Carbonyl Insertion Reactions of Square Planar Complexes ... particularly readily. Insertion reactions on square planar complexes are of particular interest ... , they are susceptible to formation of 5 coordinate adducts, which undergo migratory insertion ... K. J. authorlink Kingsley Cavell title Recent Fundamental Studies on Migratory Insertion into Metal ... S0010 8545 96 90182 4 ref File Square Planar.png thumb center 800px Nucleophilic insertion and rearrangement ... and methyl groups closer together, increasing the reactivity of insertion reactions. ref name CCR Oxidation state &ndash Oxidation of the metal tends to increase insertion reaction rates. The main ... more details
Thought insertion is the idea that another thinks through the mind of the patient. The patient may sometimes be unable to distinguish between their own thoughts and those inserted into their minds. A patient who is diagnosed with this disorder is found to be convinced of their beliefs and unwilling to accept such diagnosis. ref name AmadorDavid2004 cite book author1 Xavier Francisco Amador author2 Anthony S. David title Insight and psychosis awareness of illness in schizophrenia and related disorders url http books.google.com books?id lxxrwi0DbqEC&pg PA56 accessdate 12 December 2010 year 2004 publisher Oxford University Press isbn 9780198525684 pages 67 69 ref It is a symptom of psychosis which occurs in many mental disorders and other medical conditions. Thought insertion along with thought broadcasting , thought withdrawal , thought blocking as well as other first rank symptoms are primary symptoms and should not be confused with the delusional explanation given by the respondent. The ICD 10 defines thought insertion as the feeling that your thoughts are not your own. The person experiencing the thought insertion will not necessarily know where the thought is coming from. ref name Organization1992 cite book author World Health Organization title The ICD 10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines url http books.google.com books?id KJVqAAAAMAAJ accessdate 16 December 2010 date January 1992 publisher World Health Organization isbn 9789241544221 ref References reflist Category Delusional disorder ... more details
The Grenelle de l insertion or Grenelle Insertion , concluded on 27 May 2008, refers to an open multi party debate in France that gathered representatives of national and local government and organizations industry, labor, professional associations, non governmental organizations on an equal footing, with goal of unifying a position on a the reform of the social protection in France national policy of insertion . It insisted on the need to reform the insertion system to make it more incitative for people to return to work. It was held from November 2007 to May 2008, instigated by President Nicolas Sarkozy . It led to various reforms, among them the implementation of the revenu de solidarit active Revenue of Active Solidarity RSA in 2008. Background The organization of a Grenelle de l insertion was announced by the President on 2 October 2007, to be dedicated to the transformation of political integration. The government pointed out that the insertion system had become increasingly complex and caused exclusion. Gains from work are offset by the reduction of social benefits only paid in case of unemployment. A Green Paper on integration , published in March 2008, noticed that the current allowances in case of unemployment revenu minimum d insertion RMI , allocation parent isol API ... unveiled three objectives during the Grenelle insertion negotiations placing the insertion at the heart ... , the process of the Grenelle de l insertion was initiated in Grenoble on 23 and 24 November ... will replace the revenu minimum d insertion minimum income RMI , created 20 years earlier. Intended ... to public debate. Background The French policy of insertion led in the last decades was source ... exclusion . Aims and principles The 1 December 2008 Act, consequence of the Grenelle de Insertion, provides ... information actualites 20 grenelle insertion 58079.html Presentation of the Grenelle de l insertion on the portal of the French government http lesrapports.ladocumentationfrancaise.fr BRP 084000308 ... more details
An insertion reaction is a chemical reaction where one chemical entity a molecule or molecular fragment ... a mechanism. Insertion reactions are observed in organic chemistry organic , inorganic chemistry ... b resulting geometries for insertion reactions There are two common insertion geometries 1,1 ... ref provide simple examples of insertion process in organic synthesis. In the Arndt Eistert reaction ... azides also provide an example of an insertion reaction in organic synthesis and, like the above ... 400px The Beckmann Rearrangement Carbene s undergo both intermolecular and intramolecular insertion ... bond to form the carbon carbon bond needed to close the cyclopentene ring. Carbene C H insertion ... 400px Insertion of carbenoid into carbon boron bond Organometallic chemistry main migratory insertion Many reactions in organometallic chemistry involve insertion of one ligand ... onto L, which is often CO, an alkene, or alkyne. Carbonylations The insertion of carbon ... New York, 2010. ISBN 189138953X ref File Square Planar.png thumb center 800px Nucleophilic insertion ... insertion of CO and alkenes, are of fundamental significance in many catalytic cycles as well. Widely employed applications of migratory insertion of carbonyl groups are hydroformylation and the carbonylative ... catalytic cycle , shown above, includes both insertion and de insertion steps. The oxidative addition reaction of methyl iodide with 1 involves the formal insertion of the iridium I centre into the carbon iodine bond, whereas step 3 to 4 is an example of migratory insertion of carbon monoxide ... of acetyl iodide from 4 , a de insertion reaction. ref name Cativa Olefin insertion The insertion ... John Wiley and Sons year 2009 ref the olefin can be coordinated to the metal before insertion ... insertion of an alkene into a metal hydride. The middle image depicts the transition state. Notice ... is called beta hydride elimination. Other insertion reactions in coordination chemistry Many ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2007 In broadcasting , local insertion is the act or capability of a broadcast television station , radio station , or cable TV system to insert or replace part of a broadcast network feed with content media and publishing content unique to the local station or system. Most often this is a station identification required by the Federal Communications Commission , but is also commonly a television commercial or sometimes a radio ad , or a weather or traffic report . A digital on screen graphic dog or bug , commonly a semi Transparency optics transparent watermark , may also be keying graphics keyed superimposed with a TV station identification over the Television network network feed using a character generator using genlock . In the case where several programs are carried separately from the main broadcast network , this is known as regional variation UK or a television network US . Automated local insertion used to be triggered with in band signaling , such as DTMF tones or infrasound sub audible sounds such as 25Hz , but is now done with out of band signaling , such as analog signal subcarrier s via communications satellite , or now more commonly via digital signal s. Broadcast automation equipment can then handle these automatically. Facts date November 2008 In an emergency, such as severe weather, local insertion may also occur instantly through command ... programs In the United States , insertion can easily be heard every evening on Delilah Rene ... insertion is also used by pay television and telephone company providers, in which cable and telco ... content on cable or see a DBS company s own promos. Local insertion on cable television is used ... top boxes In place of the IntelliSTAR, a hyper local form of insertion is now done on DirecTV and possibly ... clips. Transmitter identification Broadcast translator s may also have local insertion, though ... DEFAULTSORT Local Insertion Category Broadcasting Category Broadcast engineering Category Television ... more details
Repeater insertion is a technique for reducing the time delay associated with long wire lines in integrated circuits. The technique involves cutting the long wire into one or more short wires and inserting a repeater between each new pair of short wires. The time it takes for a signal to travel from one end of a wire to the other end is known as wire line delay or just delay. In an integrated circuit, this delay is characterized by RC circuit RC , the Electrical resistance resistance of the wire R multiplied by the wire s capacitance C . Thus, if the wire s resistance is 100 ohm s and its capacitance is 0.01 Farad microfarad F , the wire s delay is one microsecond s . To first order, the resistance of a wire on an integrated circuit is directly proportional , or linear , according to the wire s length. If a 1 mm length of the wire has 100 ohms resistance, then a 2 mm length will have 200 ohms resistance. For the purposes of our highly simplified discussion, the capacitance of a wire also increases linearly along its length. If a 1 mm length of the wire has 0.01 F capacitance, a 2 mm length of the wire will have 0.02 F, a 3 mm wire will have 0.03 F, and so on. Thus, the time delay through a wire increases with the square of the wire s length. This is true, to first order, for any wire whose cross section remains constant along the length of the wire. border 1 style text align center wire length resistance R capacitance C time delay t 1 mm 100 ohm 0.01 F 1 s 2 mm 200 ohm 0.04 F 4 s 3 mm 300 ohm 0.09 F 9 s wire resistance capacitance time delay length R C t 1 mm 100 ohm 0.01 F 1 s 2 mm 200 ohm 0.02 F 4 s 3 mm 300 ohm 0.03 F 9 s The interesting consequence of this behavior ... by cutting it in half and inserting a repeater is known as repeater insertion . The cost of this procedure ... Insertion in deep sub micron CMOS Ramp based Analytical Model and Placement Sensitivity Analysis ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2008 Self insertion is a literary device in which an author character who is the real author of a work of fiction appears as a character within that fiction, either overtly or in disguise. Famous examples of self insertion include Dante Alighieri in The Divine Comedy , Geoffrey Chaucer in The Canterbury Tales , Paul Auster s appearance in his The New York Trilogy New York Trilogy , Robert A. Heinlein in his The Number of the Beast novel The Number of the Beast , Victor Hugo in his Les Mis rables , John Fowles in his The French Lieutenant s Woman , Kurt Vonnegut in his Breakfast of Champions , and Stephen King s rendition of himself in the The Dark Tower series Dark Tower novels. Philip K. Dick s novel Radio Free Albemuth includes a major character named Philip K. Dick, but is written from another character s first person point of view. The device should not be confused with a first person narrator , or an author surrogate , or a character somewhat based on the author, whether intentionally or not. Many characters have been described as unintentional self insertions, implying that their author is unconsciously using them as an author surrogate . This is particularly common in Mary Sue Mary Sue fanfiction . Examples Agatha Christie s Ariadne Oliver Martin Amis under his own name in Money novel Money , and as Mark Asprey in London Fields novel London Fields . Anthony Burgess appears as the author P. Alexander in his novel A Clockwork Orange . Isaac Asimov appears as himself in Murder at the A.B.A. . He also appears to be the unnamed writer to whom the Azazel Asimov Azazel stories are narrated. Charlie Kaufman inserted himself as the protagonist of his screenplay Adaptation. Kurt Vonnegut in his novels Breakfast of Champions and Slaughterhouse Five . Somerset Maugham in his novel The Razor s Edge . Fay Weldon s fictional analogue is referred to in Chalcot ... Self Insertion Category Narratology ... more details
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