expand further date November 2011 A webmaster from WWW web and master , ref Cite encyclopedia title webmaster, n . encyclopedia Oxford English Dictionary edition draft entry date December 2008 publisher Oxford University Press ref also called a web architect , web developer , site author , or website administrator is a person responsible for maintaining one or many websites. The duties of the webmaster may include ensuring that the web servers, hardware and software are operating correctly, designing the website, generating and revising web pages, replying to user comments, and examining traffic through the site. As a general rule, professional webmasters must also be well versed in Web transaction software, payment processing software, and security software. ref Citation pages 29 isbn 1423901789 title Management Information Systems last Oz first Effy publisher Cengage Learning year 2008 ref Webmasters may be wikt generalist generalist s with HTML expertise who manage most or all aspects ... An alternative definition of webmaster is a businessperson who uses online media to sell products and or services. This broader definition of webmaster covers not just the technical aspects of overseeing ... is Webmaster? Definition from WhatIs.Com url http whatis.techtarget.com definition 0,,sid9 gci213349,00.html date 27 January 2006 accessdate 2010 08 19 ref Core responsibilities of the webmaster may ... be part of a webmaster s reent creation may not be. Some webmasters of larger sites may also deal with heavy ... Computer occupations Category Website management ar bg cy Gwefeistr da Webmaster de Webmaster es Webmaster fr Webmestre gl Webmaster ko it Webmaster he ka ku Webmaster lv Viet vedis lmo Master Sitee ms Pentadbir web nl Webmaster ja no Webmaster pl Webmaster pt Webmaster ro Webmaster ru scn Webmaster ckb fi Webmaster sv Webbansvarig th tr Webmaster vi Webmaster zh ... more details
Otheruses Bottleneck disambiguation A bottleneck is a phenomenon where the performance or capacity of an entire system is limited by a single or limited number of components or resources. The term bottleneck ... is limited by the width of the conduit of exit that is, bottleneck. By increasing the width of the bottleneck one can increase the rate at which the water flows out of the neck at different frequencies. Such limiting components of a system are sometimes referred to as bottleneck points . Project management A bottleneck in project management is one process in a chain of processes, such that its ... the bottleneck element towards the end of the process, inducing the better and faster machines to always ... be heeded as a deleterious and significant overall drawback on the process. Management Bottleneck ... Business Unit Function versus Function Inside versus Outside Partners Engineering In engineering , a bottleneck ... by a single component. Formally, a bottleneck lies on a system s critical path and provides the lowest ... processor , a communication link , a data processing software , etc. Traffic main Traffic bottleneck ... to travel through one lane, causing a bottleneck and a traffic jam. Image Knelpunt.jpg thumb Bottleneck in traffic caused by a road construction Metaphor ically a bottleneck is a section of a route with a carrying ..., a bottleneck link for a given data flow is a link that is fully utilized is saturated and of all ... is substantially different from a common meaning of a bottleneck . Also note, that this definition does not forbid a single link to be a bottleneck for multiple flows. A data rate allocation is max min fair if and only if a data flow between any two nodes has at least one bottleneck link. Population genetics Image Population bottleneck.svg thumb right Population bottleneck and recovery or extinction In population genetics , a population bottleneck occurs when the effective population size, effective ... effect of a population bottleneck is to decrease genetic diversity, promoting the effects ... more details
Wiktionarypar bottleneckBottleneck literally refers to the top narrow part of a bottle . Other than the narrow part of a bottle bottleneck may also refer to Bottleneck , a phenomenon where the capacity of an entire system is limited by lowest capacity part of such system Free State Bottleneck , a quasi state that existed in Germany during the time of the Weimar Republic Population bottleneck , an evolutionary event that drastically reduces a population Slide guitar , also known as a Bottleneck guitar The Bottleneck K2 , a mountaineering feature near the top of K2 mountain Von Neumann bottleneck , described within Von Neumann architecture as a limit of throughput between a computer s processor and its memory Bottleneck cartridge , where the cartridge body narrows at the neck, providing a shoulder that may be used for Headspace firearms headspacing disambig de Flaschenhals es Cuello de botella eu Botila lepo argipena fr Goulot d tranglement ko it Collo di bottiglia nl Bottleneck ru zh ... more details
File K2 above Bottleneck.jpg thumb High on K2 Seracs above the Bottleneck The Bottleneck is a location along the South East Spur, known also as Abruzzi Spur the most used route to the top of K2 , the second highest mountain in the world in the Karakoram on the Pakistan China border. The Bottleneck is a narrow couloir , which is overhung by serac s from the ice field east of the summit. The couloir is located only 400m below the summit, and climbers have to traverse about 100m exposed to the seracs to pass it. Due to the height 8200m and the steepness 50 60 degrees this stretch is the most dangerous part of the route and has claimed at least 11 fatalities. ref http www.k2climb.net expguide route.htm K2climb.net, The climb from the Pakistan side ref According to AdventureStats, the last 13 fatalities on K2 have have occurred at or near the Bottleneck. ref http www.adventurestats.com tables k2fatilities.shtml K2 fatalities adventurestats.com. Retrieved 18 October 2011. ref Despite all the dangers, the Bottleneck is still technically the easiest and the fastest route to the summit. Most climbers choose to use it to minimize time required to spend above 8,000 meters the death zone . The standard route, the Abruzzi SE Ridge, as well as the Cesen route SSE Ridge, which joins SE Ridge , and the American ... the Bottleneck. The climbers approaching the bottleneck start from a shoulder , an almost level ground ... the icefield. It is possible to pass the Bottleneck by rock climbing the cliffs on the left. Unfortunately ... once, by Fritz Wiessner and Pasang Dawa Lama Sherpa in 1939. Skiing the Bottleneck On August 4, 2009, Dave Watson became the first person in history to ski down the Bottleneck. ref http www.k2tracks.com ... News including the picture of a line of climbers in the Bottleneck. The picture was taken August ... 86&sez 1&skip 16&recxpg 16&id tipologia 43 Bottleneck &ndash The Bottleneck from below. Photo by Renato ... Zone &ndash Ed Viesturs in the Bottleneck. coord missing Pakistan Category K2 NorthernAreas geo stub ... more details
Image Bottleneck.svg Right thumb Bottleneck caused by construction. A traffic bottleneck is a localized disruption of vehicular traffic on a street, road or highway. As opposed to a traffic jam , a bottleneck is a result of a specific physical condition, often the design of the road, badly timed traffic lights, or sharp curves. They are also caused by temporary situations, such as vehicular accidents Causes Traffic bottlenecks can be caused by a wide variety of things. A construction zone, where one or more existing lanes may become unavailable, is pictured on the right. An accident site can also temporarily close lanes. Even in the absence of construction, a highway permanently narrowing by a lane or more can be a bottleneck because the capacity falls. Bottlenecks are also caused by terrain, such as uphill sections or very sharp curves. A poorly timed traffic signal traffic light is another example. Slow vehicles also disrupt traffic flow upstream. This is known as a Moving bottleneck moving bottleneck . Furthermore, bottlenecks can be psychological in nature. Vehicles safely pulled to the shoulder by a police car, for example, often induce passing drivers to slow down to get a better look at the situation. See rubbernecking . Graphical & theoretical representation Traffic flow theory can be used to model and represent bottlenecks. Stationary bottleneck Image Wikipedia TrafficBottlenecks regular.svg right Consider a stretch of highway with two lanes in one direction. Suppose ... the bottleneck event. Suppose that at time 0, traffic begins to flow at rate B and speed v sub f sub ... d sub , as taken from the fundamental diagram. Downstream of the bottleneck, vehicles transition to state ... D. Moving bottleneck Image Tractor OnTheRoad01.jpg thumb A slow tractor creates a moving bottleneck ... flow, the vehicle density is less because fewer vehicles get around the bottleneck. Image Wikipedia ... Categories DEFAULTSORT Traffic Bottleneck Category Road transport Category Road traffic management ... more details
Update date March 2011 The interconnect bottleneck , the point at which integrated circuit s ICs reach their capacity, is expected sometime around 2010. ref http www.sciencedaily.com releases 2006 04 060417124542.htm Quantum Paint on Laser Could Rescue Computer Chip Industry ref Improved performance of computer systems has been achieved, in large part, by downscaling the IC minimum feature size. This allows the basic IC building block, the transistor , to operate at a higher frequency, performing more computations per second. However, downscaling of the minimum feature size also results in tighter packing of the wires on a microprocessor , which increases parasitic capacitance and signal propagation delay. Consequently, the delay due to the communication between the parts of a chip becomes comparable to the computation delay itself. This phenomenon, known as an interconnect bottleneck , is becoming a major problem in high performance computer systems. ref http www.ece.rochester.edu weiss SMW 20papers MH SPIE2004.pdf Dynamically tunable 1D and 2D photonic bandgap structures for optical interconnect applications ref This problem of interconnect bottleneck can be solved by utilizing optical interconnects to replace the long metallic interconnects. ref name iptronics cite news url http www.iptronics.com 36209 Optical 20interconnects.html title Parallel Optical Interconnects last Bek first Jesper date 2008 06 09 publisher IPtronics accessdate 2010 04 09 ref Such hybrid optical electronic interconnects promises better performance even with larger designs. Optics has widespread use in long distance communications still it has not yet been widely used in chip to chip or on chip interconnections because they in centimeter or micrometer range are not yet industry manufacturable owing to costlier technology and lack of fully mature technologies. As optical interconnections move from ... access memory Memory wall References references DEFAULTSORT Interconnect Bottleneck Category Digital ... more details
that a bottleneck of the human population occurred c. 70,000 years ago, proposing that the human ... not, in itself, indicate a population bottleneck, because mitochondrial DNA and Y chromosome DNA ... a transplanting model or a long bottleneck to account for the limited genetic variation, rather ... example of a population bottleneck is that of the northern elephant seal , whose population ... The Endangered Cheetah ref thus suggesting an extreme population bottleneck in the past. The genome of the giant panda shows evidence of a severe bottleneck that took place about 43,000 years ago. ref ... from a bottleneck around this time. Further deductions can sometimes be inferred from an observed population bottleneck. Among the Gal pagos Islands Gal pagos tortoise giant tortoises themselves a prime example of a bottleneck the comparatively large population on the slopes of Alcedo volcano is significantly ... the bottleneck to around 88,000 years before present Ybp YBP . ref cite journal title Genes Record ... cultivated went through a severe population bottleneck. In evolutionary theory See Evolutionary ... 1, 2005 pmc 1449701 popgen Population DEFAULTSORT Population Bottleneck Category Population genetics ... more details
Infobox Hollywood cartoon cartoon name Baby Bottleneck series Looney Tunes Daffy Duck Porky Pig director Robert Clampett story artist Warren Foster animator Rod Scribner br Manny Gould br Bill Melendez br I. Ellis layout artist Thomas McKimson background artist Dorcy Howard voice actor Mel Blanc uncredited br Sara Berner uncredited musician Carl Stalling producer Edward Selzer studio Warner Bros. Cartoons, Inc. distributor Warner Bros. Warner Bros. Pictures release date March 16, 1946 USA color process Technicolor runtime 7 min. movie language English language English Baby Bottleneck is a 1945 Warner Brothers Looney Tunes reissued as a Merrie Melodies Blue Ribbon Merrie Melodies Blue Ribbon theatrical cartoon short released in 1946 and directed by Robert Clampett and written by Warren Foster . NOTOC Plot The cartoon opens during the Baby boomers baby boom of the post war United States the opening scenes show an overworked stork a clear Jimmy Durante reference getting drunk in the Stork Club Stork Klub I do all the woik...and the fadders get all the credit . There is an emergency delivery in which inexperienced animals , mostly older animals but including Dumbo four crows attempting to deliver an elephant , take the babies to their parents. As a result, babies are getting sent to the wrong parents such as a baby Hippopotamus to a Scottish Terrier , a baby alligator to a pig and a baby skunk to a goose . To clear up the confusion, Porky Pig is brought in to manage the factory, with Daffy Duck as his assistant. The babies are seen going through a conveyor belt to the tune of Raymond Scott s famous Powerhouse and getting sent by various animals, while Daffy mans the phones, making quick references to Bing Crosby who had four sons , Eddie Cantor five daughters and no sons , and the Dionne Quintuplets Mr. Dionne, puh leeze , is Daffy s shocked reaction . When a stray egg is found without an address, Porky decides to have Daffy sit on it until it hatches. However, Daffy and Porky ... more details
Infobox Software name Bing Webmaster Center logo Image Bing logo.svg 128px center Bing logo screenshot Image Bing Webmaster Center.png 250px A screenshot of Live Search Webmaster Center caption Bing Webmaster Center developer Microsoft latest release version Final latest release date June 3, 2009 latest preview version latest preview date operating system genre Webmaster portal license website http www.bing.com webmaster http www.bing.com webmaster Bing Webmaster Center is a search service as part of Microsoft s Bing search engine Bing search engine which allows webmasters to add their websites to the Bing search engine Bing index crawler. The service also offers tools for webmasters to troubleshoot the crawling and indexing of their website, sitemap creation, submission and ping tools, website statistics, consolidation of content submission, and new content and community resources. ref http blogs.msdn.com livesearch archive 2007 08 22 our new webmaster portal and an invitation to the private beta.aspx Live Search blog Our New Webmaster Portal and an Invitation to the Private Beta ref Features Bing Webmaster Center contains the following tools and features to support webmasters to access data and manage their websites on Bing Crawl issues allows webmasters to discover potential issues with their websites such as File Not Found 404 errors, blocked by REP, long dynamic URLs, and unsupported content types Backlink data allows webmasters to access to data about their referring links Advanced filtering allow webmasters to quickly scope the results in their website reports to zoom ... webmaster Bing Webmaster Center http www.bing.com Bing http blogs.msdn.com webmaster Bing Webmaster Center official team blog http forums.microsoft.com webmaster default.aspx?siteid 79 Bing Webmaster Center official forum Bing Category Bing Webmaster Center Category Live Search Webmaster Center Category Search engine webmaster tools es Bing Webmaster Center ... more details
Summary Non free use rationale Description Bing Webmaster Center Homepage Screenshot Source http www.bing.com toolbox webmaster Article Bing Webmaster Center Portion The entire image Low resolution No, however it will not effect the copyright holder in any way. Purpose To demonstrate and illustrate the service identified in the article Replaceability No other information Licensing Non free web screenshot ... more details
Google Webmaster Tools is a no charge web service by Google for webmaster s. It allows webmasters to check indexing status and search engine optimization optimize visibility of their websites. It has tools that let the webmasters Submit and check a sitemap Check and set the crawl rate, and view statistics about how Googlebot accesses a particular site Generate and check a robots.txt file. It also helps to discover pages that are blocked in robots.txt by chance. List internal and external pages that link to the site See what keyword searches on Google led to the site being listed in the SERP s, and the click through rates of such listings View statistics about how Google indexes the site, and if it found any errors while doing it Set a preferred domain e.g. prefer example.com over www.example.com or vice versa , which determines how the site URL is displayed in SERPs Criticism and controversy The list of inbound links on Google Webmaster Tools is generally much larger than the list of inbound ... is tight lipped about the discrepancy. The list on Google Webmaster Tools includes nofollow links ... links in a controversial way. Google Webmaster Tools, as well as the Google index, seems to routinely ignore link spam. Google Webmaster Tool VS Google Analytics Google Webmaster Tool shows traffic for each ... in Webmaster Tools as even being on your site. References Blog posts http www.google.com search?hl en&q site blogspot.com webmaster tools Google&btnG Search cite web url http googlewebmastercentral.blogspot.com title Official Google Webmaster Central Blog date 2010 02 16 work Webmaster Central ...?hl en title Official Google Webmaster Central Help Forum date 2010 02 16 work Webmaster Central ... External links http www.google.com webmasters tools Google Webmaster Tools http googlekeywords.com.au ... services Webmaster Tools Category Search engine webmaster tools da Google webmaster tool es Google Webmaster Tools fa fr Google Outils pour les webmasters ... more details
Infobox Single Name Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp Cover Artist Mercury Rev from Album Deserter s Songs B side Released January 25, 1999 Format CD, 12 vinyl Recorded Tarbox Studios, NRS Studios, Six Hours Studios Genre Alternative rock Length 3 06 edit br 3 51 album version Label V2 Records Writer Jimy Chambers, Jonathan Donahue , Sean Grasshopper musician Grasshopper Mackowiak Producer Dave Fridmann , Jonathan Donahue , Aaron Hurwitz Certification Last single Goddess on a Hiway br 1998 This single Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp br 1999 Next single Opus 40 song Opus 40 br 1999 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp is the second single from Mercury Rev s fourth studio album, Deserter s Songs . The single was released in the UK on January 25, 1999, and peaked at number 26 on the UK Singles Chart . Mercury Rev drummer Jimy Chambers is credited as the lyrics writer for Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp. B sides include live covers of Vampire Blues Neil Young and Isolation John Lennon . Track listing UK CD 1 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp Edit 3 06 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp The Chemical Brothers Remix 6 22 Vampire Blues Live 2 50 CD 2 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp Edit 3 06 Holes I Collect Coins unlisted Live 7 04 Isolation Live 4 10 12 vinyl Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp The Chemical Brothers Remix 6 22 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp Edit 3 06 Endlessly instrumental 4 25 Australia CD Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp Edit 3 06 Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp The Chemical Brothers Remix 6 22 Vampire Blues Live 2 50 Holes I Collect Coins Live 7 04 Isolation Live 4 10 Category 1999 singles Category Mercury Rev songs ... more details
The Bottleneck traveling salesman problem bottleneck TSP is a problem in discrete optimization discrete or combinatorial optimization . It is stated as follows Find the Hamiltonian path Hamiltonian cycle in a Glossary of graph theory weighted graph which minimizes the weight of the most weighty Glossary of graph theory edge of the cycle. ref name gj cite book author Michael R. Garey and David S. Johnson year 1979 title Computers and Intractability A Guide to the Theory of NP Completeness publisher W.H. Freeman isbn 0 7167 1045 5 A2.3 ND24, pg.212. ref The problem is known to be NP hard . The decision problem version of this, for a given length x , is there a Hamiltonian cycle in a graph g with no edge longer than x ? , is NP complete . ref name gj In an asymmetric bottleneck TSP , there are cases where the weight from node A to B is different from the weight from B to A e. g. travel time between two cities with a traffic jam in one direction . Euclidean bottleneck TSP , or planar bottleneck TSP, is the bottleneck TSP with the distance being the ordinary Euclidean distance . The problem still remains NP hard, however many heuristics work better. If the graph is a metric space then there is an efficient approximation algorithm that finds a Hamiltonian cycle with maximum edge weight being no more than twice the optimum. ref cite journal author R. Garey Parker and Ronald L. Rardin year 1984 title Guaranteed performance heuristics for the bottleneck traveling salesman problem publisher Operations Research Letters 2 6 269 272 ref See also Travelling salesman problem References reflist 3. G. Carpaneto, S. Martello and P. Toth 1984 . An algorithm for the bottleneck travelling salesman problem . Operations Research 32 2 380 389. Category Combinatorial optimization Category Graph algorithms ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Coord 39 03 37 N 110 41 15 W type mountain region US UT scale 10000 display title Bottleneck Peak is a natural monolith located on the eastern side of Sids Mountain in the Utah San Rafael Swell wilderness area. DEFAULTSORT Bottleneck Peak And Moon Category Natural monoliths Category Rock formations in Utah Category Landforms of Emery County, Utah Utah geo stub es Pico Cuello de Botella ... more details
Infobox Former Country native name Freistaat Flaschenhals conventional long name Free State Bottleneck common name Bottleneck continent Europe region Rhineland country Germany era Interwar period status Special status text Unoccupied territory within post WWI Weimar Republic Germany government type Republic year start 1919 year end 1923 event start date start 10 January event end Occupation of the Ruhr Abolished date end 23 February p1 Province of Hesse Nassau flag p1 Flagge Preu en Provinz Hessen Nassau.svg s1 Province of Hesse Nassau flag s1 Flagge Preu en Provinz Hessen Nassau.svg image flag ... footnotes The Free State Bottleneck lang de Freistaat Flaschenhals was a short lived quasi state that existed ... of the Rhineland following World War I . The Bottleneck is now part of the modern German states of Hesse ... nature of the Allied bridgeheads, this enclosed territory took on the shape of a bottleneck ... in the Bottleneck File Flaschenhals briefmarke.jpg 200px thumb right 50 Pfennig postage stamp of the Bottleneck, containing a map showing how the two Allied bridgeheads give the state its bottleneck like ... of this small territory. Pnischeck headed the Bottleneck s administration for the time of its ... connecting the Bottleneck to unoccupied Germany, trains were not permitted to stop there, and air or river ... from neighbouring R desheim Rhein R desheim and taken to the Bottleneck, where the coal was distributed ... Official website of the Free State Bottleneck ref Foreign relations The state issued its own passports ... Bottleneck was abolished on 23 February 1923 following the French Occupation of the Ruhr . The Bottleneck ... of Hesse Nassau Hesse Nassau . The Bottleneck today The territory that formerly comprised the Bottleneck is now part of the Rhine Gorge UNESCO World Heritage Site . The history of the Bottleneck is now ... an der Lahn Limburg , Kaub and Lorch Rheingau Lorch . Bottleneck stamps and currency are now sought ... www.freistaat flaschenhals.de eng index.htm Official website of the Free State Bottleneck States of the Weimar ... more details
The Shifting Bottleneck Heuristic is a procedure intended to minimize the time it takes to do work, or specifically, the makespan in a job shop . The makespan is defined as the amount of time, from start to finish, to complete a set of multi machine jobs where machine order is pre set for each job. Assuming that the jobs are actually competing for the same resources machines then there will always be one or more resources that act as a bottleneck in the processing. This heuristic , or rule of thumb procedure minimises the effect of the bottleneck. The Shifting Bottleneck engineering Bottleneck Heuristic is intended for job shops with a finite number of jobs and a finite number of machines. Uses Image processingTimes.png thumb right Machine Sequence and Processing Times Example The Shifting Bottleneck engineering Bottleneck Heuristic is used in manufacturing and service industries that include ... makespan Determine optimal sequence for bottleneck machine Considering precedence constraints ... Iteration 1 The next step is to determine which resource machine is currently the Bottleneck engineering bottleneck . This is done by considering the production time, denoted p sub ij sub , that each ... for each of the respective machines, the machine with the largest maximum lateness is the bottleneck ... be chosen for the bottleneck. All of this work is considered the first iteration. Once the Bottleneck engineering bottleneck has been determined, the path for the machine needs to be included in the drawing ... determined to be the bottleneck. Second iteration Image Iteration2.png thumb right Iteration 2 The next ... the second iteration. Again, determine which machine is the new Bottleneck engineering bottleneck . The new makespan is the old makespan plus the maximum lateness from the new bottleneck ... Iteration 3 . At this point the Shifting Bottleneck engineering Bottleneck Heuristic is complete. The drawing ... links http www.inderscience.com filter.php?aid 9059 The shifting bottleneck procedure for job ... more details
In combinatorial optimization , a field within mathematics, the linear bottleneck assignment problem LBAP is similar to the linear assignment problem . ref http www.assignmentproblems.com Assignment Problems , by Rainer Burkard , Mauro Dell Amico, Silvano Martello, 2009, Chapter 6.2 http books.google.com books?id nHIzbApLOr0C&pg PA198&dq 22bottleneck assignment problem 22&hl en&ei A7f0S9DjMYH6sQOYt8CIBQ&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 2&ved 0CDIQ6AEwAQ v onepage&q 22bottleneck 20assignment 20problem 22&f false Linear Bottleneck Assignment Problem p. 172 ref In plain words the problem is stated as follows There are a number of agents and a number of tasks . Any agent can be assigned to perform any task, incurring some cost that may vary depending on the agent task assignment. It is required to perform all tasks by assigning exactly one agent to each task in such a way that the maximum cost among the individual assignments is minimized. The term bottleneck is explained by a common type of application of the problem, where the cost is the duration of the task performed by an agent. In this setting the maximum cost is maximum duration , which is the bottleneck for the schedule of the overall job, to be minimized. Formal definition The formal definition of the bottleneck assignment problem is Given two sets, A and T , together with a weight function C A × T &rarr real number R . Find a bijection f A &rarr T such that the cost function math max a in A C a,f a math is minimized. Usually the weight function is viewed as a square real valued matrix mathematics matrix C , so that the cost function is written down as math max a in A C a,f a math Mathematical programming formulation math min , max i,j c ij x ij math subject to math sum n j 1 x ij 1 i 1,2, dots, n , math math sum n i 1 x ij 1 j 1,2, dots, n , math math x ij in 0,1 i, j 1,2, dots,n math References reflist Category Combinatorial optimization ... more details
In mathematics, the quadratic bottleneck assignment problem QBAP is one of fundamental combinatorial optimization problems in the branch of Optimization mathematics optimization or operations research , from the category of the facilities location problems. ref http www.assignmentproblems.com Assignment Problems , by Rainer Burkard , Mauro Dell Amico, Silvano Martello, 2009 ref It is related to the quadratic assignment problem in the same way as the linear bottleneck assignment problem is related to the linear assignment problem , the sum is replaced with max in the objective function . The problem models the following real life problem There are a set of n facilities and a set of n locations. For each pair of locations, a distance is specified and for each pair of facilities a weight or flow is specified e.g., the amount of supplies transported between the two facilities . The problem is to assign all facilities to different locations with the goal of minimizing the maximum of the distances multiplied by the corresponding flows. Computational complexity The problem is NP hard . Special cases Bottleneck traveling salesman problem Graph bandwidth problem References reflist Category NP hard problems Category combinatorial optimization ... more details
Wikify date June 2010 in particular references The information bottleneck method is a technique introduced by Naftali Tishby et al. 1 for finding the best tradeoff between accuracy and complexity Data compression compression when random variable summarizing e.g. data clustering clustering a random variable X , given a joint probability distribution between X and an observed relevant variable Y . Other ... T , math and math T Y , math respectively. Gaussian information bottleneck 2 A relatively simple application of the information bottleneck is to Gaussian variates and this has some semblance to a least ... math where math r i U i T Sigma XX U i. , math Applying the Gaussian information bottleneck on time ... dynamic systems can be revealed in the so called past future information bottleneck http www.user.tu berlin.de creutzig Creutzig PhysRevE.pdf 4 . Data clustering using the information bottleneck This application of the bottleneck method to non Gaussian sampled data is described in 4 by Tishby et. el ... are drawn and secondly the use of these densities within the information theoretic framework of the bottleneck. Density estimation Main Density estimation Since the bottleneck method is framed in probabilistic ... by use of a Markov transition matrix method and this has some mathematical synergy with the bottleneck ... to the reference or categorical data math Y , math in accordance with the fundamental bottleneck ... Papers allerton.pdf The Information Bottleneck method . The 37th annual Allerton Conference on Communication .... Tishby and Y. Weiss http www.jmlr.org papers volume6 chechik05a chechik05a.pdf Information Bottleneck ... future information bottleneck in dynamical systems , 2009, Physical Review E 79, 041925 5 N Tishby, N Slonim Data clustering by Markovian Relaxation and the Information Bottleneck Method , Neural Information ... Word Clusters via the Information Bottleneck Method , SIGIR 2000, pp. 208&ndash 215 8 Y. Weiss ... Bottleneck Revisited or How to Choose a Good Distortion Measure . In proceedings of the International ... more details
Summary Photo by Nancy Stratton Desilets, uploaded by the webmaster of the originating site, www.calgaryhighlanders.com Licensing PD release ... more details
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