Unreferenced date December 2009 Cleanup date January 2008 Image Tidal gauge dsc06189.jpg thumb right A tidegauge. A tidegauge is a device for measuring sea level and detecting tsunamis. Sensors continuously record the height of the water level with respect to a height reference surface close to the geoid . Water enters the device by the bottom pipe far end of the tube, see picture , and electronic sensors measure its height and record it to a tiny computer. Data is available for over 1,750 stations worldwide. At some places records cover centuries, for example in Amsterdam where data dating back to 1700 is available. When it comes to estimating the greater ocean picture, new modern tide gauges can often be improved upon by using satellite data. Tide gauges are used to measure tides and quantify the size of tsunami s. The measurements make it possible to derive the mean sea level . Using this method, sea level slopes up to several 0.1 m 1000 km and more have been detected. A tsunami can be detected when the sea level begins to rise, although warnings from seismic activity can be more useful. Earth based meteorological observation physical oceanography DEFAULTSORT TideGauge Category Oceanographic instrumentation ca Mare metre cs Mareograf de Mareograf el es Mare metro fr Mar graphe hr Mareograf it Mareografo ms Tolok pasang surut ja pl Mareograf pt Mar grafo ru sv Mareograf uk ... more details
The UK National TideGauge Network is part of the National Tidal and Sea Level Facility . It was set up in 1953 to record sea levels around the coast of the United Kingdom UK , after the east coast of England was affected by severe floods. Gauges positioned at 44 locations around the UK coast record data, which is archived at the British Oceanographic Data Centre in Liverpool . Once quality controlled, this data is made available for scientific use. External links http www.pol.ac.uk ntslf National Tidal & Sea Level Facility http www.bodc.ac.uk data online delivery ntslf TideGauge data from the British Oceanographic Data Centre Category 1953 establishments in the United Kingdom Category Oceanographic institutions Category Organizations established in 1953 sci org stub ... more details
wiktionary Gauge pron en e d may refer to In measurement Gauge instrument , any of a variety of measuring ... items Gauge block s, metal blocks of precisely known length, used in measuring American wire gauge , a measurement of diameter of a wire Gauge bore diameter , the diameter of a shotgun barrel Stubs Iron Wire Gauge , which corresponds to the diameter of a hypodermic needle See also Category Wire gauges Unit of thickness used for thin plastics 1 gauge 1 100 thou length mil 1 100,000 inch 25.4 100000 millimetre 0.254 micrometre Sheet metal gauge , thickness of metal in sheet form Sight glass Sight glass or water gauge for measuring liquid level heights in storage tanks and pressure vessels Boost gauge , a gauge used in conjunction with turbo super chargers Pressure gauge or vacuum gauge see pressure measurement Stream gauge for measuring height and discharge of a river or stream The size of piercing jewelry thickness and a stretched piercing see stretching body piercing Film gauge , a physical property of film stock which defines its size ANOVA Gauge R&R , a statistical tool to measure variation arising from the measurement device and its operators Air core gauge , a type of rotary actuator often used in automotive instruments Needle gauge for comparing outer diameter of medical needles In mathematics and physics Gauge theory Gauge integral Gauge fixing In railway practice Rail gauge , the distance between the two rails forming a railroad track Standard gauge Narrow gauge railway Broad gauge Loading gauge , the maximum width and height of engines and loaded wagons, etc Structure gauge , the minimum size of bridges, tunnels, platforms, etc Axle load , the maximum weight of axles for a given track Break of gauge In other contexts Gauge knitting , the number of stitches in a given length Change of gauge aviation , when an aircraft type changes at a stopping point of a direct flight Gauge person , the stage name of a pornographic actress Gauge band , post hardcore band from ... more details
The Tide may refer to Tide Light Rail the light rail transit system in Norfolk, Virginia The Tide Lucy Kaplansky album The Tide Oceana album See also Tide disambiguation disambig ... more details
of screw threads. A tidegauge Vernier height gauge A wire gauge measuring tool determines the thickness ...About gauges gages in engineering other uses Gauge disambiguation the other spelling Gage disambiguation Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In engineering , a gauge or gage , is used to make measurement s. Various types of gauges include Multicol A bore gauge , a device used for measuring ... gauge s and fishtail gauges are engineering gauges used in Lathe metal lathe work for checking ... bit s and Lathe center centers . A dial indicator , also known as a dial test indicator, dial gauge, or probe indicator, is an instrument used to accurately measure small linear distances. A feeler gauge is a simple tool used to measure gap widths. A gauge block , also known as a gage block, Johansson gauge, slip gauge, or Jo block is a precision ground and Lapping lapped length measuring standard ... device micrometer s, sine bar s, calipers , and dial gauge dial indicators when used in an Quality control inspection role . A gauge pin is similar to a gauge block. It is a precision ground cylindrical bar for use in Go no go gauge s or similar applications. A Go NoGo gauge is an inspection tool used to check a workpiece against its allowed tolerances. Its name derives from its use the gauge ... deforms a strain gauge . The strain gauge converts the deformation Strain materials science strain ... configuration. Load cells of one strain gauge quarter bridge or two strain gauges half bridge are also ... A micrometer , sometimes known as a micrometer screw gauge , is a device incorporating a calibrated ... . Micrometers are often, but not always, in the form of caliper s. A pressure gauge or vacuum gauge is used for pressure measurement . A profile gauge or contour gauge is a tool for recording the cross sectional shape of a surface. A radius gauge , also known as a fillet gauge, is a tool used to measure .... The gauge is placed against the edge to be checked and any light leakage between the blade and edge ... more details
of gauge are especially apparent when there is a tide of traffic in one direction, as might happen ...File Gauge EN.svg thumb Rail gauge With railways, a break of gauge occurs where a line of one rail gaugegauge meets a line of a different gauge. Train s and Railroad car rolling stock cannot run through without some form of Gauge conversion conversion between gauges , and Cargo freight and passenger s must otherwise be Transloading transloaded . Either way, a break of gauge adds delays, cost, and inconvenience to traffic that must pass from one gauge to another. Inconvenience File Bogies exchange.jpg ... &ndash Russia n border File 001015 gauge buster.jpg right 220px thumb One solution to the break of gauge problem the Transporter wagon transporter car Transloading of freight from cars of one gauge ... solutions to avoid transloading include variable gauge axles , replacing the bogies of cars, and the use of transporter cars that can carry a car of a different gauge. Talgo and Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles CAF have developed dual gauge axles variable gauge axles which permit through running between broad gauge and standard gauge. In Japan the Gauge Change Train has been built ... mm gauge. In some cases, breaks of gauge are avoided by installing dual gauge track, either permanently or as part of a project to replace one gauge with another. At almost every break of gauge, passengers have to change trains, but there are a few passenger trains that can run through a break of gauge. For example, the Talgo variable gauge axles, see above , and the Moscow Beijing trains bogie ... loading gauges, the break of gauge helps keep the larger wagons clear of smaller tunnels. Passengers ... gauge. Firstly, one might run out of suitable wagons on the other gauge, while loaded wagons unable to be transhipped obstruct the main lines or crossing loops on the first gauge. Overcoming a break of gauge Where trains encounter a different gauge, such as at the Spanish French border or the Russian ... more details
Metric gauge may refer to Metre gauge , a rail gauge Any Gauge engineering gauge or Pressure measurement pressure gauge that reads in Metric system metric measurements disambig ... more details
of spare bogies of each gauge, which need to be shunted around as required. If there is a tide ...A variable gauge system allows railroad car railway vehicles in a train to travel across a break of gauge caused by two railway networks with differing track rail gauge s. For through operation, a train must be equipped with special bogie s holding variable gauge wheelsets containing a variable gauge axle . The gauge is altered by driving the train through a gauge changer or gauge changing facility . As the train passes through the gauge changer, the wheels are unlocked, moved closer together, or further apart, and are then re locked. Installed variable gauge systems exist within the internal network .... Alternative names include Gauge Adjustable Wheelsets GAW , Automatic Track Gauge Changeover System ATGCS TGCS , Rolling Stock Re Gauging System RSRS , Rail Gauge Adjustment System RGAS , Shifting ... Gauge Rolling Truck , ref http www.caf.net ingles productos sistemas brava.php ref track gauge change and track change wheelset . Overview Variable gauge axles help solve the problem of a break of gauge without having to resort to dual gauge tracks or transshipment . Systems allow the adjustment between ... TIS pubs pub 2182 tarns ch4.pdf ref Systems There are several variable gauge axle systems ... 39 ai 58678001 Variable Gauge Wagon Wheelsets International Railway Journal ref ref cite web url http www.engineerlive.com rail international carriage design 1044 gauge change system could help ease movement between countries.thtml title Gauge change system could help ease movement between countries ... The DB AG Rafil Type V change gauge wheel set consists of a wheel set shaft and two axially displaceable ... 000019990899A0223348.php Science Links Japan Development of Variable Gauge Bogie Bot generated title ... freight cars suw 2000 track gauge changing system SUW 2000 track gauge changing system.jsp ref ref ... gauge systems are not themselves all compatible. Only the SUW 2000 and Rafil Type V systems are interoperable ... more details
12 gauge may refer to In firearms Gauge bore diameter Caliber , for firearms other than shotguns In music 12 Gauge album 12 Gauge album , 2010 album by Finnish band Kalmah 12 Gauge rapper , an American rapper active in the 1990s 12 Gauge 12 Gauge album 12 Gauge 12 Gauge album , 1994 album by the above artist Emerson Drive , a Canadian rock group known as 12 Gauge from 1995 to 2000 before moving to Nashville See also Gauge disambiguation Disambig ... more details
In mathematics , gauge function may refer to the gauge as used in the definition of the Henstock Kurzweil integral , also known as the gauge integral in fractal geometry , a synonym for dimension function in control theory and dynamical systems , a synonym for Lyapunov candidate function in gauge theory , a synonym for gauge symmetry . a type of Minkowski functional mathdab ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 Orphan date February 2009 In theoretical physics , the unitarity gauge or unitary gauge is a particular choice of a gauge fixing in a gauge theory with a spontaneous symmetry breaking . In this gauge, the scalar field s responsible for the Higgs mechanism are transformed into a basis in which their Goldstone boson components are set to zero. In other words, the unitarity gauge makes the manifest number of scalar degrees of freedom minimal. The gauge was introduced to particle physics by Steven Weinberg in the context of the electroweak theory . In electroweak theory, the degrees of freedom in unitarity gauge are the massive spin 1 W boson W sup sup , W sup sup and Z boson s with three polarizations each, the photon with two polarizations, and the scalar Higgs boson . The unitarity gauge is usually used in tree level calculations. For loop calculations, other gauge choices such as the Feynman gauge R.CE.BE gauges t Hooft Feynman gauge often reduce the mathematical complexity of the calculation. DEFAULTSORT Unitarity Gauge Category Quantum field theory Category Gauge theories Phys stub ... more details
Cleanup date October 2009 2 gauge also called II gauge is a model railway Rail gaugegauge originally RailGauge 64mm , but standardised in 1909 at RailGauge 50.8mm disp s but since fallen into disuse. The gauge was introduced by M rklin at the Leipzig toy fair in 1891. 2 gauge was equivalent to 1 22,5 scale. RailGauge 63mm RailGauge 64mm gauge was standardised in 1909 as gauge 3. Gauge 2 was standardised at RailGauge 2in . The European G gauge trains are built to the RailGauge 50.8mm disp or same scale, but with a rail gauge of RailGauge 45mm the same as 1 gauge , which is the equivalent of RailGauge 1000mm gauge in modern railroads. As a result, the scale gauge combination is sometimes called IIm in European literature. In the UK, No 2 Gauge was RailGauge 2in while No 3 gauge was RailGauge 2.5in . From this, it follows that G gauge is sometimes, albeit rarely, referred to as 3m. a RailGauge 2in gauge of standard gauge locos gives a scale of 1 28.25, not so far off the 1 29 used by some manufactures with RailGauge 45mm gauge track. In the grand tradition of model rail gauges often being narrower than the full scale equivalent 00 scale being the classic example this is deemed perfectly acceptable. Reference br Model Railways and Locomotives Magazine Vol. 1 No 8 August 1909 See also Wiktionary Rail transport modelling scales Commons category IIm scale Spur IIm Commons category IIe scale Spur IIe Commons category Fn3 scale Spur Fn3 DEFAULTSORT 2 Gauge Category Model railroad scales Model rail stub de Nenngr e 2 ja 2 ... more details
Image Gauge EN.svg thumb 300px Rail gauge Irish gauge railway s use a Rail gauge track gauge of RailGauge 1600 . It is used in Rail gauge in Ireland Ireland convert 1800 km mi 0 abbr on disp ref https www.cia.gov library publications the world factbook geos ei.html World fact book ref Victorian gauge Australia convert 4017 km mi 0 abbr on disp where it is also known as Victorian Broad Gauge Rail transport in Brazil Brazil convert 4057 km mi 0 abbr on disp where it is also known as Bitola larga no Brasil . It was used by the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway between 1840 and 1854 55. Diolkos Curiously, this is exactly the same gauge as the Diolkos , Greece , across the Isthmus of Corinth , if that may be regarded as a railway. Timeline 2009 The convert 125 km mi 1 abbr on long Oaklands railway line, Victoria is being Gauge conversion converted to standard gauge . The convert 200 km mi 1 abbr on of the Albury Wodonga V Line rail service Albury Wodonga railway line, Victoria is being converted to standard gauge . Current issue Sleeper coaches are not available for this gauge. Similar gauges Pennsylvanian Trolley gauge is similar. See also Railway Regulation Gauge Act 1846 Rail gauge in Australia Rail transport in Brazil Rail transport in Ireland Rail gauge in Ireland Locomotives One of the supposed advantages of the broader Irish Gauge, compared to standard gauge is the greater space between the wheels for bigger cylinders. In practice, the island of Ireland does not appear to have any heavily loaded and steeply graded lines that would need especially powerful locomotives. The most powerful locomotives on the systems of this gauge are Ireland GSR Class B1a 155 kN Victoria Australia Victoria Victorian Railways H class 245 kN 23.6t axleload Brazil References reflist Rail gauges Category Rail gauge pt Bitola larga no Brasil ... more details
Other uses Gauge disambiguation Refimprove date December 2007 Image Gauge EN.svg thumb 300px Rail gauge Broad gauge railway s use a rail gauge distance between the rails greater than the standard gauge of RailGauge 1435 . List For list see List of Rail Gauges Broad gauge railways, by gauge and country List of broad gauges, by gauge and country History See also Railway Regulation Gauge Act 1846 Image GWR broad gauge locomotives.jpg thumb right Great Western Railway broad gauge steam locomotive s awaiting scrapping in 1892 after the conversion of the tracks to standard gauge . Image Brunel bridge rail.JPG thumb alt Original broad gauge bridge rail used as safety barriers at Neyland original West ... broad gauge from 1838 with a gauge of RailGauge 84 , and retained this gauge until 1892. A number of harbours also used railways of this gauge for construction and maintenance. These included ... . As it was not connected to the national network, this broad gauge operation continued until the locomotive ... on a single gauge throughout a rail transport system was advantageous. Rolling stock did not need to match the gauge exactly a difference of a few millimeter s could be coped with, so that interoperability ... gauge of RailGauge 84 , it was eventually rejected by the Gauge Commission in favour of all railways in the British Isles being built to standard gauge of RailGauge 1435mm , this being the gauge with the highest route mileage. Ireland, using the same criteria, was allocated a different standard gauge, Irish gauge . Broad gauge lines in Britain were gradually Gauge conversion converted to dual gauge or standard gauge from 1864, and finally the last of Brunel s broad gauge was converted over a single weekend in 1892. Many countries have broad gauge railways. Ireland see History of rail transport ... a gauge of RailGauge 63 , but Luas , the Dublin light rail system, is built to standard gauge. Russia ... RailGauge 60 gauge while Finland continues to use the RailGauge 60 gauge inherited from Russian Empire ... more details
Infobox adult biography name Gauge gender female image Image Gauge porn star cropped.jpg 250px caption Gauge at a pornography convention, flashing the News media media birth name birth date birth date and age 1980 7 24 birth place Hot Springs, Arkansas Hot Springs , Arkansas , United States death date death place spouse height height ft 4 in 11 weight convert 93 lb kg st abbr on measurements 34C 22 34 in eye color Green hair color Brown skin color White people White blood ethnicity Caucasian race Caucasian alias Gauge, Gage, Guage, Paige, Sally Gauge number of films Approx. 150 homepage http www.ilovegauge.com imdb 0310024 iafd Gauge egafd bgafd afdb 23500 eurobabeindex spelling US for color, UK for colour Gauge born July 24, ref name loftus cite web url http www.xcitement.com title Interview with Gauge author Cindi Loftus accessdate 2007 06 23 publisher Xcitement magazine archiveurl http ... actor pornographic actress and a former stripper . Gauge entered the pornographic film industry at the age of nineteen. ref cite web url http www.iafd.com person.rme perfid Gauge gender f Gauge.htm title Gauge publisher Internet Adult Film Database accessdate 2008 08 31 ref Gauge was married on May ..., title, not work or something else ref ref cite web url http adultfyi.com read.php?ID 16761 title Gauge ... Gauge accessdate 2008 08 09 author Cindi Loftus year 2008 month July publisher Xcitement magazine ... Jordan References reflist External links commonscat Gauge porn star http www.myspace.com ilovegauge Gauge s MySpace page Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Gauge ALTERNATIVE NAMES ... , United States DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Gauge Category 1980 births Category ... Category Living people Category People from Hot Springs, Arkansas de Gauge Pornodarstellerin es Gauge actriz porno fa fr Gauge actrice id Gauge it Gauge attrice pornografica hu Gauge ja pl Gauge pt Gauge fi Gauge sv Gauge porrsk despelare ... more details
Image Gauge EN.svg thumb rail gauge style float right clear right Image Dualgauche.jpg right thumb 240px Sunlight reflects off dual gauge tracks near Chur , Switzerland Image DualgaugeHakonetozanJP14.jpg right thumb 240px Mixed gauge track and pointwork RailGauge ussg and RailGauge 42 at Odawara, Kanagawa Odawara in Japan Image Narrow gauge tram Katwijk .JPG thumb 240px Dual gauge tram tracks in Katwijk , Netherlands There are no more trams in Katwijk A dual gauge or mixed gauge railway has rail tracks railway track that allows trains of different gauges to use the same track. Generally dual gauge ... gauge, while one of the outer rails and the inner rail give a narrower gauge. Thus one of the three ... rail . Reasoning In railways, the most important specification is that of Rail gaugegauge , the distance ... track and wheels bogie s must be built to the same gauge unless the two fit together within a engineering ... Kong MTR RailGauge 1432mm gauge EMU s may run on KCR RailGauge 1435mm gauge rails, with a locomotive ... different gauges meet one another, a situation known as a Break of gauge break of gauge . Either the track or the Variable gauge train must be built to handle different gauges, or passengers and freight .... Dual gauge can replace two separate tracks, having two rails each, with one track with three rails. This allows one rail fewer for the stretch of the dual gauge line, but there are complications ... s or mechanical interlocking arrangements. Mixed gauge is simpler to signal with electric signals ... not a problem. Dual gauge turnouts will be complicated, expensive, and suitable for low speeds only. Citation needed date May 2010 Configuration For dual gauge track to be achievable using ... gauge RailGauge 1435 and Indian gauge RailGauge 1676 can be dual gauged without problem, as are RailGauge 914 and RailGauge 1067 Cape gauge , or RailGauge 1524 and RailGauge 1829 , while RailGauge 1435 and RailGauge 1600 Irish gauge can also be dual gauged, albeit with lighter narrow footed rails ... more details
Infobox Model Rail Scale name EM image filename image caption widthpx scale 4 mm to 1ft ratio 1 76 gauge RailGauge 18.2mm prototype gauge Standard gauge EM gauge named for the track gauge of a nominal E ighteen M illimetres ref name EMGS cite web url http www.emgs.org WhatisEM.html title What is E.M. ? publisher The E.M. Gauge Society Ltd. accessdate 2009 10 06 ref is a variant of 4 mm scale 4 mm to a foot 1 76 scale used in model railway s. EM was developed because OO gauge , favoured by manufacturers of British prototype models, utilised track that was too narrow. OO was developed in the UK in the 1930s as a response to manufacturers finding they were unable to fit the motors of the time into British prototype small boilered locomotives when scaled at the globally popular HO scale s 3.5 mm to a foot 1 87 . As the scale was increased to 4 mm to the foot to make the locomotives larger, the track gauge was left at RailGauge 16.5mm , and hence is too narrow by a scale convert 178 mm in 0 abbr on disp s to correctly depict the prototype s rail gauge track gauge of RailGauge 56.5 . EM gauge was founded in the 1950s, originally with RailGauge 18mm gauge track and rolling stock wheelsets based upon the crude and massively out of scale products of the contemporary OO model manufacturers. Since then wheelset standards have become more fine, allowing EM to evolve into RailGauge 18.2mm gauge track for a while called EEM gauge until it was adopted into the mainstream standard . Some modellers were still not happy with this, it is still a scale convert 1.9 in mm 2 too narrow, and developed P4 gauge P4 scale standard RailGauge 18.83mm disp s gauge . Most EM modellers will have started off using OO gauge and having acquired the necessary modelling skills, then advanced into EM ... are also common. EM standards are set by the EM Gauge Society, defining gauge and wheel ... railway scales References Reflist External links http www.emgs.org EM Gauge Society Category 4mm ... more details
are usually based on the French inch. Image Watch mainspring slit gauge Martin.jpg thumb Figure 2 Martin mainspring slit gauge. Actual size 87 x 17 mm. A better method for measuring strength is to use a slit gauge , Figure 2, with which the thickness of the mainspring is measured directly. This gauge uses a scale of sizes running from 21 0.05 mm to 5 0 0.30 mm . Scales used in watchmaking ... or 000 , and so on. Dennison US Standard gauges Image Watch mainspring gauge Dennison combined.jpg thumb Figure 3 Dennison combined gauge. Actual size 150 x 19 mm. About 1840 Aaron Lufkin Dennison devised a gauge upon which all the different parts of a watch could be accurately measured , Figure 3. Later this became known as the US Standard gauge. The edges have the usual notches for mainspring heights ... scales in 1 64th and 1 32nd divisions . Image Watch mainspring gauge Dennison.jpg thumb Figure 3 Dennison simplified mainspring gauge. Over time, this gauge was simplified and reduced to being purely a mainspring gauge, Figure 4. Only the height notches remain and a thickness slit gauge added to it. The slit gauge is also based on the Imperial inch, but it often has metric equivalents which are crude ... and the Dennison Combined Gauge , 2009. DEFAULTSORT Mainspring Gauges Category Horology ... more details
Image Gauge EN.svg thumb rail gauge Indian gauge RailGauge 1676 is a rail gauge broad gauge commonly ... in Chile Chile . Scotland This gauge was first used in Scotch gauge 5 ft 6 in gauge Scotland ... as the Provincial gauge in Canada. Having a break of gauge was seen as having defence value ... to RailGauge 66 gauge. Citation needed date September 2009 The Grand Trunk Railway which operated ... , New Hampshire , and Vermont used it, but Gauge conversion changed to standard gauge by 1873 ... India .svg thumb center 400px Comparison of standard gauge with various gauges common in India. In India ... gauge than standard gauge was more suitable for larger firebox and stability in high winds and long steep gradients, and chose a wide gauge already familiar in Scotland. In the late 20th century, India adopted Project Unigauge . Gauge conversion towards Indian gauge is underway, replacing several narrow gauges and meter gauges. United States The Bay Area Rapid Transit system uses Indian gauge. The New Orleans, Opelousas and Great Western Railroad NOO&GW used Indian gauge until 1872, and the Texas and New Orleans Railroad used Indian gauge Texas gauge until 1876. The Grand Trunk Railway predecessor ... also used Indian gauge Canadian gauge or Portland gauge and was converted in 1873. Several Maine railroads connected to the Grand Trunk Railway shared its Portland Gauge . The Androscoggin and Kennebec ... which converted to standard gauge in 1871. John A. Poor s chief engineer Morton compiled the following advantages of Portland Gauge for Maine railways in 1847 ref name holt cite book title The Grand ..., and permit more efficient application of power. Wide gauge locomotives offered more room to place ... increased as gauge decreased. More powerful wide gauge locomotives would be more capable for plowing ... feeding the seaport of Portland, Maine offered little need for gauge transfer prior to loading on export shipping. Potential advantages of freight transfer to the standard gauge railroad from Portland ... more details
Image Gauge EN.svg thumb 300px Rail gauge Cape gauge is a rail gauge of RailGauge 1067 between the inside of the rail heads and is classified as narrow gauge . It has installations of around convert 112000 km mi . The gauge RailGauge 1067 was first used by Norwegian engineer Carl Abraham Pihl and the first line was opened in 1862. Cape gauge is named after the Cape Province in South Africa which adopted this gauge in 1873. ref cite book title Narrow Gauge Steam last Ransom first P.J.G. publisher ... isbn 0415054885 ref . It is sometimes alternatively known as CAP gauge, after C.A.Pihl. ref cite journal title Backwardness for ever Norwegian railway engineers and the narrow gauge, light railway system ... use Cape gauge Rail transport in Southern and Central Africa Rail transport in Angola Angola Rail ... World Factbook, Japan ref Russia Sakhalin Island as of 2010 lc on in the process of Gauge conversion conversion to RailGauge 1520 Russian gauge Rail transport in Taiwan Taiwan convert 1097 km mi abbr ... on Rail gauge in Australia Australia convert 15160 km mi abbr on Rail transport in Queensland Queensland ... Carl Abraham Pihl with RailGauge 1067 , and were later Gauge conversion rebuilt to standard gauge . The gauge was popular for railroads on the islands of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence St. Lawrence Gulf . Both the Prince Edward Island Railway and Newfoundland Railway were built to this gauge. The PEI lines were later Gauge conversion standard gauged before eventually being abandoned. The Newfoundland Railway was abandoned in 1989, operating as a narrow gauge line until the very end. During the Russo Japanese War of 1904 1905, the Japanese converted South Manchuria Railway from the Russian gauge 5 ft to the 3 ft 6 in Japanese gauge , in order to facilitate the use of rolling stock brought ... 1907, it was re gauged again, now to the standard gauge 4 ft 8 in . ref http www.archive.org ... Occasional lines in the Rail transport in the United States United States used this gauge, including ... more details
Gauge 1 also referred to as Gauge One is a model railway model railroading and toy train standard, popular ... 1.75in , making it larger than 0 gauge but slightly smaller than wide gauge , which came to be the dominant U.S. standard during the 1920s. No 1 gauge was standardised, according to Model Railways ... abbr on . Definitions using gauge, rather than scale, was used more common in the early days with the four gauges for which standards were adopted being No. 0 commonly called 0 gauge O gauge nowadays , No. 1, 2 gauge No. 2 and No. 3. Popularity Initially as popular in the United States as in the UK , 1 gauge lost popularity in the USA due to World War I , which dramatically decreased foreign imports, allowing the U.S. wide gauge standard to gain traction. After World War I, most surviving U.S. manufacturers switched to wide gauge. In the UK and the rest of the world 1 gauge also declined, although more slowly, and by the 1940s had practically disappeared. In the 1950s and 1960s 1 gauge experienced a renaissance, first in the UK and then elsewhere. This was helped by 1 gauge being the same ... 1 gauge trains use the same track standard as modern G scale , scale modeling was not a primary design consideration in 1 gauge s heyday, so the actual size and scale of the locomotives and cars varied. Generally, 1 gauge equipment worked out to approximately 1 32 scale roughly 10mm 1 foot . G scale at 1 22.5 means the 1 gauge track represents RailGauge 1 metre gauge track. Such railways are to be found in, among other places, Switzerland , the inspiration source for many commercial G gauge models. By comparison, 1 gauge s 1 32 scale makes it nearly three times the dimension s of modern HO scale ... Accucraft Trains ref in California, The Gauge One Model Railway Company ref http www.g1m.co.uk index.html The Gauge One Model Railway Company ref in Britain, and Aster Hobbies Ltd ref http www.asterhobby.com Aster Hobbies Ltd ref in Japan produce gauge 1 items, mostly coal and meths fired. Wrightway ... more details
Quantum field theory main Gauge theory In the physics of gauge theory gauge theories , gauge fixing also called choosing a gauge denotes a mathematical procedure for coping with redundant Degrees of freedom physics and chemistry degrees of freedom in field physics field variables. By definition, a gauge ... are related by a gauge transformation , equivalent to a symmetry transformation shear along unphysical axes in configuration space. Most of the quantitative physical predictions of a gauge theory can ... gauge fixing can simplify calculations immensely, but becomes progressively harder as the physical ... expansion orders . Historically, the search for logically consistent and computationally tractable gauge ... century to the present. Gauge freedom The archetypical gauge theory is the Oliver Heaviside Heaviside ... t math A particular choice of the scalar and vector potentials is a gauge more precisely, gauge potential and a scalar function math psi math used to change the gauge is called a gauge function . The existence of arbitrary numbers of gauge functions math psi mathbf x ,t math corresponds to the U 1 gauge freedom of this theory. Gauge fixing can be done in many ways, some of which we exhibit below. Although classical electromagnetism is now often spoken of as a gauge theory, it was not originally ... Bohm effect , which has no classical counterpart. Nevertheless, gauge freedom is still true in these theories ..., and this integral is not changed by math mathbf A rightarrow mathbf A nabla psi math . Gauge fixing in non abelian gauge theories, such as Yang Mills theory and general relativity , is a rather more ... Image gauge.png right thumb Gauge fixing of a twisted cylinder. Note the line is on the surface .... Drawing a line is gauge fixing . Drawing the line spoils the gauge symmetry, i.e., the circular symmetry U 1 of the cross section at each point of the rod. The line is the equivalent of a gauge function it need not be straight. Almost any line is a valid gauge fixing, i.e., there is a large gauge freedom ... more details
For the device measuring water levels Hook gauge evaporimeter Image Hookgauge.jpg right thumb 200px A hook gauge. A hook gauge or needle gauge is a measuring device used by crochet ers and knit ters to test the sizes of particular crochet hook s and knitting needle s. Hook gauges are usually made of plastic or aluminum and have sizing holes from 2mm to 11mm diameter. A hook gauge also functions as a ruler to test the size of a test swatch of handmade fabric . Ref Stoller, p. 23. ref Sizing conventions A hook gauge is the most reliable way to determine the actual size of a tool. Even though most hooks and needles have metric system metric sizing, tool dimensions vary slightly between different manufacturers. Non metric sizing conventions also change over time. For instance, different sizing charts rate a 4.0mm hook as either a United States U.S. G 6 or an F 5. ref Eckman, pp. 14 15. ref Importance of accurate sizing U.S. textile arts textile craft terminology employs the word gauge in two different ways as hook gauge in reference to the sizing tool, or as a standalone term gauge knitting gauge to describe the number of stitch textile arts stitch es in a standard sized sample of work, usually 4 or 10cm. UK terminology refers to the latter as tension . Craft patterns include a gauge or tension measurement and good practice among crafters is to achieve the correct gauge on a sample swatch before embarking on the full project. ref Eckman, pp. 122 124. ref As one crochet guidebook explains blockquote Whenever you are following a crochet pattern you will notice that a gauge is included ... on. If you don t get the proper gauge, the item will not fit properly and you may run out of yarn ... gauge including hook or needle size, although sometimes a crafter may change tool size deliberately in order to achieve a certain gauge. Accurate needle and hook sizing reduces the number of variables ... a hook gauge can determine whether a given tool is appropriate in advance of actual work. ref ... more details
File GaugeHeightVernier Electronic.jpg thumb The left height gauge has the vernier scale, while the right one is an electronic height gauge with a digital readout. Unreferenced date May 2009 A height gauge is a measuring device used either for determining the height of something, or for repetitious marking of items to be worked on. The former type of height gauge is often used in doctor s surgeries to find the height of people. These measuring tools are used in metalworking or metrology to either set or measure vertical distances the pointer is sharpened to allow it to act as a scriber and assist in marking out work pieces. They may also be used to measure the height of an object by using the underside of the scriber as the datum. The datum may be permanently fixed or the height gauge may have provision to adjust the scale, this is done by sliding the scale vertically along the body of the height gauge by turning a fine feed screw at the top of the gauge then with the scriber set to the same level as the base, the scale can be matched to it. This adjustment allows different scribers or probes to be used, as well as adjusting for any errors in a damaged or resharpened probe. Types There are two types of height gauges Vernier height gauges and electronic height gauges . The vernier height gauge has the additional refinement of a vernier scale for greater accuracy in reading or setting the tool. The electronic height gauge has a digital readout that gives the height. gallery Image VernierHeightGauge CloseUpAdj.jpg Vernier height gauge adjusters, close up view Image VernierHeightGauge CloseUp.jpg Vernier height gauge, close up view Image VernierHeightGauge ElectronicCloseUp.jpg Electronic height gauge, close up view gallery See also Caliper Coordinate mapping Metalworking navbox toolopen Category Dimensional instruments Category Metalworking measuring instruments es Calibrador de altura con vernier id Height gauge nl Krasblok ja ru uk ... more details
Unreferenced date July 2008 A ring gauge , or ring gage , is a cylindrical ring of steel whose inside diameter is finished to gauge tolerance and is used for checking the external diameter of a cylindrical object. Ring gauges are used for comparative gauging as well as for checking, calibrating , or setting of gauges or other standards. Individual ring gauges or ring gauge sets are made to variety of tolerance grades in metric and English dimensions for master, setting, or working applications. Image Go spline ring gage.JPG thumb 175px right Go spline ring gage There are three main types of ring gauges go, no go, and master or setting ring gauges. Go ring gauges provide a precision tool for production comparative gauging based on a fixed limit. Go gauges consist of a fixed limit gauge with a gauging limit based on the plus or minus tolerances of the inspected part. A go ring gauge s dimensions are based on the maximum OD tolerance of the round bar or part being gauged. A go plug gauge s dimensions are based on the minimum ID tolerance of the hole or part being gauged. The go plug ID gauge should be specified to a plus gaugemaker s tolerance from the minimum part tolerance. The go ring OD gauge should be specified to a minus gaugemakers tolerance from the maximum part tolerance. No go or not go gauges provide a precision tool for production comparative gauging based on a fixed limit. No go gauges consist of a fixed limit gauge with a gauging limit based on the minimum or maximum tolerances of the inspected part. A no go ring gauge s dimensions are based on the minimum OD tolerance of the round bar or part being gauged. The no go ring OD gauge should be specified to a plus gaugemakers tolerance from the minimum part tolerance. Master and setting ring gauges includes gauge blocks, master or setting discs, and setting rings are types of master gauges used to calibrate or set ... for dimensional inspection and periodically checked against a master gauge. Category Metalworking measuring ... more details
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