chembox verifiedrevid 414049886 Name Sulfuricacid Sulphuric acid ImageFile Sulfuricacid 2D dimensions.svg ImageSize1 100 ImageFile1 Schwefels ure3.svg ImageSize1 140 ImageFile2 Sulfuricacid 3D vdW.png ImageSize2 100 IUPACName Sulfuricacid OtherNames Oil of vitriol Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID ... trioxide br Oleum Sulfuricacid Sulphur Spelling and etymology alternative spelling sulphuric acid is a strong ... name is vitriol . The salt chemistry salts of sulfuricacid are called sulfate s. Sulfuricacid is soluble in water at all concentrations. Sulfuricacid has many applications, and is a central ... s sulphuric acid.jpg right thumb 230px John Dalton s 1808 sulfuricacid molecule shows a central ... of vitriol. ref name Karpenko Sulfuricacid was called oil of vitriol by medieval European alchemists ... century, the German Dutch chemist Johann Glauber prepared sulfuricacid by burning sulfur together ... sulfuricacid. In 1736, Joshua Ward , a London pharmacist, used this method to begin the first large scale production of sulfuricacid. In 1746 in Birmingham, John Roebuck adapted this method to produce sulfuricacid in lead lined chambers, which were stronger, less expensive, and could be made larger ... of sulfuricacid production. After several refinements, this method remained the standard for sulfuricacid production for almost two centuries. Sulfuricacid created by John Roebuck s process ... III oxide and sulfur trioxide, which could be passed through water to yield sulfuricacid in any ... sulfuricacid. In 1831, British vinegar merchant Peregrine Phillips patented the contact process , which was a far more economical process for producing sulfur trioxide and concentrated sulfuricacid. Today, nearly all of the world s sulfuricacid is produced using this method. Physical properties Grades of sulfuricacid Although nearly 100 sulfuricacid can be made, this loses chem link sulfur trioxide ... form of what is described as concentrated sulfuricacid. Other concentrations are used for different ... more details
The wet sulfuricacid process WSA process is one of the key gas desulfurization processes on the market ... gasses in the form of commercial quality sulfuricacid H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub , with simultaneous ... flue gas desulfurisation Metallurgical process gas Production of sulfuricacid The Process image ... industry Coal based industry coking and gasification Power industry Viscose industry Sulfuricacid industry WSA for gasifiers The acid gas coming from a Rectisol , Selexol , Amine gas treating or similar ... sulfuricacid of commercial grade attractive operating economy simple layout, simple operation Examples ... Topse Wins Sulfur Treatment Contract China Gasification Plant 37962 World Fuels ref Spent acid regeneration and production of sulfuricacid The WSA process can also be used for production of sulfuricacid from sulfur burning or for regeneration of the spent acid from e.g. alkylation plants. Wet catalysis processes differ from other contact sulfuricacid processes in that the feed gas contains excess ... of the sulfur dioxide reacts instantly with the moisture to produce sulfuricacid in the vapour phase to an extent determined by the temperature. Liquid acid is subsequently formed by condensation of the sulfuricacid vapour and not by absorption of the sulfur trioxide in concentrated sulfuric ... acid. About 80 to 85 of the world s sulfur production is used to manufacture sulfuricacid. 50 of the world s sulfuricacid production is used in fertilizer production, mainly to convert phosphates ... July 2008 . IFDC FOCUS ON FERTILIZERS AND FOOD SECURITY,Issue 4 Global Shortage of SulfuricAcid ... Water Stripper SWS gas Off gas from Rectisol Spent acid from e.g. Alkylation Claus process tail gas ... production. Approximately 2 3 ton high pressure steam ton acid produced. Industrial applications ... 2 sub . These gases were previously often flared and vented to the atmosphere, but now the acid gas ... 4 sub production 106 MTPD Steam production 53 ton h Cooling water consumption 8 m sup 3 sup ton acid ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 This page provides supplementary data on sulfuricacid . table width 300 border 1 cellpadding 2 cellspacing 0 align left caption font size 1 Properties font caption th tr tr td Standard enthalpy change of formation sub f sub H sup 0 sup sub liquid sub td td 814 joule kJ mol td tr tr td Standard molar entropy S sup 0 sup sub liquid, 100 kPa sub td td 19 J mol K td tr tr td Critical Point td td 925 K, 6.4 MPa td tr tr th colspan 2 align center bgcolor FFDEAD Safety th tr tr td Ingestion td td Severe and permanent damage may result. td tr tr td Inhalation td td Very dangerous, possibly fatal. Long term effects not known. td tr tr td Skin td td Causes burns. td tr tr td Eyes td td Causes burns. td tr tr th colspan 2 align center bgcolor FFDEAD font size 1 SI units were used where possible. Unless otherwise stated, Standard temperature and pressure standard conditions were used. Inorganic table information Disclaimer and references font th tr table DEFAULTSORT SulfuricAcid Data Page Category Chemical data pages ... more details
Infobox Single See Wikipedia WikiProject Songs Name This Is Acid Cover Cover size Caption Artist Maurice Joshua Maurice with Hot Hands Hula from Album A side B side Released 1988 Format Gramophone record 12 Recorded 1987 citation needed date February 2011 Genre Electronic dance music Electronica Acid House Length 4 38 Radio edit version ref It was the Les Adams K&T Remix that was the hit the radio edit of this mix was 4 38 and the 12 version was 6 22. ref Label A&M Records Vendetta A&M Records Writer Hula Mahone , Lidell Townsell Producer Hot Hands Hula, Les Adams Certification Last single This single Next single Misc This Is Acid , also known by its full title, This Is Acid A New Dance Craze , is the name of a 1 Billboard magazine Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart single by Chicago house music DJ and producer Maurice Joshua , who recorded the track under his first name Maurice. It reached the top spot in April 1989 and stayed there for two weeks. ref Joel Whitburn Whitburn, Joel 2004 . Hot Dance Disco 1974 2003 , Record Research Inc. ref The song contains spoken lyrics performed by male singer Hot Hands Hula Mahone. The lyrics introduce the listener to the acid house sound. Versions ... cite web url http www.discogs.com Maurice This Is Acid master 85253 title This Is Acid master release .... Legacy This Is Acid A New Dance Craze was Joshua s only hit single, but he did go on to be a Grammy Award winning producer and remixer. This Is Acid was cover version covered by Germany German ... TX169 A1 I Gotta Big Dick 6 20 A2 I Gotta Big Dick Instrumental 5 23 B1 This Is Acid 4 56 B2 Feel the Mood 4 15 12 Maxi US on Maurice This Is Acid A New Dance Craze Vendetta Records VE 7016 A1 This Is Acid A New Dance Craze S & T Mix 7 22 A2 This Is Acid A New Dance Craze Deep Dub 5 58 B This Is Acid ... Club Songs number one singles Category Acid house songs Category Electronic songs Category House music songs Category Spoken word Category Techno dance songs it This Is Acid ... more details
Other uses Acid disambiguation Refimprove date March 2008 Expert subject Computer science date August 2009 In computer science , ACID atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability is a set of properties that guarantee database transaction s are processed reliably. In the context of database s, a single logical operation on the data is called a transaction. For example, a transfer of funds from one bank account to another, even though that might involve multiple changes such as debiting one account and crediting another , is a single transaction. Jim Gray computer scientist Jim Gray defined these properties of a reliable transaction system in the late 1970s and developed technologies to automatically achieve them. ref cite web url http www.microsoft.com presspass features 1998 11 23gray.mspx title Gray to be Honored With A. M. Turing Award This Spring date 1998 11 23 accessdate 2009 01 16 publisher Microsoft PressPass ref In 1983, Andreas Reuter and Theo Haerder coined the acronym ACID to describe them. ref cite journal first Theo last Haerder first2 Andreas last2 Reuter title Principles of Transaction Oriented Database Recovery journal ACM Computing Surveys volume 15 issue 4 year 1983 ..., consistency, isolation, and durability ACID , describe the major highlights of the transaction ... principle. Examples The following examples are used to further explain the ACID properties ... rely upon locking to provide ACID capabilities. Locking means that the transaction marks the data that it accesses ... ACID properties in a distributed transaction across a distributed database where no single node is responsible ... Acid Category Database management systems Category Transaction processing Category Concurrency control ar ACID ca ACID da ACID Transaktion de ACID es ACID ko ACID it ACID he ACID hu ACID nl ACID ja ACID pl ACID pt ACID ru ACID simple ACID fi ACID ta , , , vi ACID zh ACID ... more details
Titratable acid is a term to describe acids such as phosphoric acid , sulfuricacid which are involved in renal physiology . It is used to explicitly exclude ammonium NH sub 4 sub sup sup as a source of acid, and is part of the calculation for net acid excretion . It gets its name from the use of NaOH in acid base titration to estimate the quantity of titratable acid. ref GeorgiaPhysiology 7 7ch12 7ch12p27 Regeneration of Bicarbonate, the Role of Titratable Acid Definition of Titratable Acid ref References references External links http sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca nephrology presentation presentation4.htm Physiology at mcgill.ca Category Physiology de Titrierbare Gesamts ure ... more details
Acids and bases A mineral acid or inorganic acid is an acid derived from one or more inorganic chemistry inorganic compounds. A mineral acid is not organic and all mineral acids release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Characteristics Commonly used mineral acids are sulfuricacid , hydrochloric acid and nitric acid They are also known as bench acids . Mineral acids range from acids of great strength example sulfuricacid to very weak boric acid . Mineral acids tend to be very soluble in water and insoluble in organic solvents. Mineral acids are used in many sectors of the chemical industry as feedstocks for the synthesis of other chemicals, both organic and inorganic. Large quantities of these acids, especially sulfuricacid, nitric acid and hydrochloric acid are manufactured for commercial use in large plants. Mineral acids are also used directly for their corrosive properties. For example, a dilute solution of hydrochloric acid is used for removing the deposits from the inside of boilers, with precautions taken to prevent the corrosion of the boiler by the acid. This process is known as descaling. Examples Hydrochloric acid Nitric acid Phosphoric acidSulfuricacid Boric acid Hydrofluoric acid Hydrobromic acid External links http www.epa.gov oppsrrd1 REDs factsheets 4064fact.pdf Mineral Acids Reregistration Eligibility Decision Fact Sheet United States Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Category Mineral acids ar ca cid mineral de Minerals uren fr Acide min ral ko id Asam mineral it Acido minerale he ja pl Kwasy mineralne pt cido mineral sv Mineralsyra ta th vi Ax t v c zh ... more details
Refimprove date May 2010 An oxidizing acid is a Acid Br nsted acids Br nsted acid that is also a strong oxidizing agent . All Br nsted acids can act as moderately strong oxidizing agents, because the acidic proton can be reduced to hydrogen gas. However, some acids contain other structures that act as stronger oxidizing agents than hydrogen. Generally, they contain oxygen in the anionic structure. These include nitric acid , perchloric acid , chloric acid , chromic acid , and concentrated sulfuricacid , among others. For example, copper metal cannot be oxidized by and dissolved in a non oxidizing acid, because it is lower on the reactivity series than acidic hydrogen. However, an oxidizing acid such as nitric acid can oxidize the copper, and allow it to dissolve. See also Reduction potential Table of standard electrode potentials References Oxidizing Acid http science.jrank.org pages 17779 oxidizing acid.html DEFAULTSORT Oxidizing Acid Category Oxidizing acids Chem stub ... more details
g mol sup 1 sup MeltingPtC 36 Disulfuric acid is an oxoacid of sulfur . It is a major constituent of fuming sulfuricacid, oleum , and this is how most chemists encounter it. It is also a minor constituent of liquid anhydrous sulfuricacid due to the equilibria H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub unicode ... S sub 2 sub O sub 7 sub The acid is prepared by reacting excess SO sub 3 sub with sulfuricacid br ... acid can be seen as the sulfuricacid analogue of an acid anhydride . The mutual electron withdrawing effects of each sulfuricacid unit on its neighbour causes a marked increase in acidity. Disulfuric acid is strong enough to protonate normal sulfuricacid in the anhydrous sulfuricacid solvent system. There are salts of disulfuric acid, commonly called pyrosulfate s, e.g. potassium pyrosulfate ... though none are isolable. See also Disulfurous acid Oleum Sulfuricacid Sulfur oxoacids References ... Sulfur oxoacids Category Acid anhydrides cs Kyselina dis rov de Dischwefels ure fr Acide disulfurique ... more details
A diprotic acid is an acid such as H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub sulfuricacid that contains within its molecular structure two hydrogen atoms per molecule capable of dissociating i.e. ionizable in water. The complete dissociation of diprotic acids is of the same form as sulfuricacid H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub H sup sup aq HSO sub 4 sub sup sup aq K sub a sub 1 10 sup 3 sup HSO sub 4 sub sup sup H sup sup aq SO sub 4 sub sup 2 sup aq K sub a sub 1 10 sup 2 sup The dissociation does not happen all at once due to the two stages of dissociation having different K sub a sub values. The first dissociation will, in the case of sulfuricacid, occur completely, but the second one will not. Diprotic acids are of particular note in regards to titration experiments, where a pH versus titration curve titrant volume curve will clearly show two equivalence point s for the acid. This occurs because the two ionization capable hydrogen atoms on the acid molecule do not leave the acid at the same time. Common diprotic acids include malic acid , found in apple s and Cherry cherries , and tartaric acid , found in grape s and pineapple s. See also Dicarboxylic acid External links http curvebank.calstatela.edu acid base acid base.htm National curve bank http www.scs.sk.ca cyber elem learningcommunity sciences chemistry30 curr content chem30 modules module6 acid.html Table of Acid and Base Strengths Category Acids Chem stub ca cid dipr tic da Diprot syre ja ... more details
Chembox Related OtherAnions bromic acid br iodic acid OtherCations ammonium chlorate br sodium chlorate br potassium chlorate OtherCpds hydrochloric acid br hypochlorous acid br chlorous acid br perchloric acid Chloric acid , Hydrogen H Chlorine Cl Oxygen O sub 3 sub , is an oxoacid of chlorine , and the formal precursor of chlorate salts. It is a strong acidAcid dissociation constant p K sub a sub 1 and oxidizing agent . It is prepared by the reaction of sulfuricacid with barium chlorate ... sub SO sub 4 sub 2HClO sub 3 sub BaSO sub 4 sub Another method is the heating of hypochlorous acid , of which productions include chloric acid and hydrogen chloride 3HClO HClO sub 3 sub 2 HCl It is also produced by the reaction of sulfuricacid with potassium chlorate in the combustion of sugar using potassium chlorate, sulfuricacid, and sugar. It is stable in cold aqueous solution up to a concentration ... when concentrated sulfuricacid is added due to chloric acid production. Because sulfur tends ... acid being produced. Chloric Acid produced from the addition of concentrated sulfuricacid can ...chembox Name Chloric acid ImageFile Chloric acid 2D.png ImageName Chloric acid ImageFile1 Chloric acid 3D vdW.png ImageName1 Chloric acid OtherNames Chloric V acid Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID 18513 InChI 1 ClHO3 c2 1 3 4 h H,2,3,4 SMILES O Cl O O InChIKey XTEGARKTQYYJKE UHFFFAOYAG CASNo ... reduced pressure. Above these concentrations, and on warming, chloric acid solutions decompose to give ... by kinetic factors indeed, chloric acid is never thermodynamically stable with respect to disproportionation . Chloric acid is a dangerously powerful oxidizing agent and will cause most organics ... See also Hypochlorous acid Chlorous acid Perchloric acid Bromic acid Iodic acid Oxidizing acid Chlorate .... ISBN 0 471 93620 0 cite Hydrogen compounds Category Hydrogen compounds DEFAULTSORT Chloric Acid ... ja pl Kwas chlorowy V pt cido cl rico ru simple Chloric acid sr ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 400328939 Name Nitrosylsulfuric acid ImageFile Nitrosylsulfuric acid structure.svg ImageSize 200px ImageName Structural formula of nitrosylsulfuric acid ImageFile1 Nitrosylsulfuric acid 3D balls B.png ImageSize1 180px ImageName1 Ball and stick model IUPACName Nitrosylsulfuric acid OtherNames nitrosonium bisulfate, chamber crystals Section1 Chembox Identifiers SMILES O NOS O O O ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 74147 PubChem 82157 InChI 1 HNO5S c2 1 6 7 3,4 5 h H,3,4,5 InChIKey VQTGUFBGYOIUFS UHFFFAOYAM StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S HNO5S c2 1 6 7 3,4 5 h H,3,4,5 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey VQTGUFBGYOIUFS UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 7782 78 7 RTECS Section2 Chembox Properties Formula HNO sub 5 sub S MolarMass 127.08 g mol Appearance pale yellow crystals Density 1.612 g mL in br 40 sulfuricacid soln Solubility decomposes SolubleOther soluble in sulfuricacid HSO sub 3 sub MeltingPt 73.5 C BoilingPt decomposes pKb Section3 Chembox Structure CrystalStruct Section7 Chembox Hazards ExternalMSDS MainHazards oxidizer RPhrases SPhrases Section8 Chembox Related OtherAnions Nitrosyl chloride NOCl OtherCations Sodium bisulfate NaHSO sub 4 sub OtherCpds Nitrosyl tetrafluoroborate NOBF sub 4 sub Nitrosylsulfuric acid is the chemical compound with the formula NOHSO sub 4 sub . This salt is a source of the NO sup sup ion, It can also be viewed as the mixed acid anhydride of sulfuricacid and nitrous acid HNO sub 2 sub H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub &rarr NOHSO sub 4 sub H sub 2 sub O NOHSO sub 4 sub is useful in organic chemistry to prepare diazonium salt s from amine s. A typical procedure entails dissolving sodium nitrite in concentrated sulfuricacid in an ice bath. ref OrgSynth author Hodgson, H, H. Mahadevan, A. P. Ward, E. R. title 1,4 Dinitronaphthalene collvol 3 collvolpages 341 prep cv3p0341 year 1955 diazodization followed by treatment with nitrite ref ref OrgSynth author Sandin ... more details
Pertechnetic acid HTcO sub 4 sub is a compound chemistry compound of technetium that is produced by reacting technetium VII oxide Tc sub 2 sub O sub 7 sub with water or oxidizing acid s, such as nitric acid , concentrated sulfuricacid , aqua regia , or a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids. ref harvnb Schwochau 2000 p 127 ref The resulting dark red, Hygroscopy hygroscopic water attracting substance is a strong acid and easily donates protons. Notes references References Sc cite book url http books.google.com books?id BHjxH8q9iukC&pg PP1 author Schwochau, K. title Technetium chemistry and radiopharmaceutical applications publisher Wiley VCH year 2000 isbn 3527294961 ref CITEREFSchwochau2000 ru Category Mineral acids Category Technetium compounds ... more details
A nonvolatile acid also known as a fixed acid or metabolic acid is an acid produced from sources other than carbon dioxide , and is not excreted by the lungs. They are produced from e.g. an incomplete metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. All acids produced in the body are nonvolatile except carbonic acid , which is the sole volatile acid. Common nonvolatile acids in humans are lactic acid , phosphoric acid , sulfuricacid , acetoacetic acid , and beta hydroxybutyric acid . Humans produce about 1 1.5 mmoles of H per kilogram per day. ref cite web url http www.anaesthesiamcq.com AcidBaseBook ab2 1.php title Acid Base Physiology accessdate 2007 05 30 ref The nonvolatile acids are excreted by the kidney s. Lactic acid is usually completely metabolized by the body, and is thus not excreted from the body. Reactions The following reactions result in nonvolatile acids sulfur containing amino acid oxidation s ref name boron846 cite book author Walter F., PhD. Boron title Medical Physiology A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch publisher Elsevier Saunders location year pages isbn 1 4160 2328 3 oclc doi Page 846 ref e.g. methionine or cysteine Urea CO sub 2 sub H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub 2H sup sup SO sub 4 sub sup 2 sup phosphorus containing compound metabolism ref name boron846 H sub 3 sub PO sub 4 sub H sup sup H sub 2 sub PO sub 4 sub sup sup cationic amino acid oxidation ref name boron846 e.g. lysine or arginine Urea CO sub 2 sub H sub 2 sub O H sup sup Non metabolizable organic acid production ref name boron846 HA H sup sup A sup sup Incomplete metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins ref name boron846 e.g. lactic acid or keto acid s References reflist Category Physiology ... more details
Magic acid FSO sub 3 sub H SbF sub 5 sub ref name olah , is a superacid consisting of a mixture of fluorosulfonic acid HSO sub 3 sub F and antimony pentafluoride SbF sub 5 sub . The name refers to its ability to protonation protonate hydrocarbon s, vividly demonstrated when a postdoctoral associate in the lab of George Andrew Olah George A. Olah used it to dissolve a candle . The acid has a acidity pk sub a sub equal to 20. ref name olah George A. Olah G. A. Olah , http nobelprize.org nobel prizes chemistry laureates 1994 olah lecture.pdf My search for carbocations and their role in chemistry , Nobel Lecture in Chemistry, 1994. ref ref name acma http chemistry.about.com cs molecules a blmagicacid.htm About Chemistry Magic acid. ref Sulfuricacid s pK sub a sub is 3, by comparison. Magic acid Hydrolysis hydrolyzes explosively to sulfuricacid and fluoroantimonic acid . The reaction of magic acid with water is as follows HSFO sub 3 sub SbF sub 5 sub H sub 2 sub O H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub HSbF sub 6 sub References reflist cite journal author G. A. Olah title Crossing Conventional Boundaries in Half a Century of Research journal Journal of Organic Chemistry year 2005 volume 70 issue 7 pages 2413 2429 doi 10.1021 jo040285o pmid 15787527 See also Fluoroantimonic acid , the strongest superacid Category Superacids Category Antimony compounds chemistry stub de Magische S ure es cido m gico fr Acide magique pl Kwas magiczny ru zh ... more details
chembox Reference ref http www.sigmaaldrich.com catalog ProductDetail.do?N4 165115 ALDRICH&N5 SEARCH CONCAT PNO BRAND KEY&F SPEC 1,3 Acetonedicarboxylic acid at Sigma Aldrich ref ImageFile Acetonedicarboxylic acid.png ImageSize 180px ImageName Skeletal formula ImageFile1 Acetonedicarboxylic acid 3D balls.png ImageSize1 210px ImageName1 Ball and stick model IUPACName 3 Oxopentanedioic acid OtherNames 1,3 Acetonedicarboxylic acid 3 oxoglutaric acid 3 ketoglutaric acid ketoglutaric acid Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID 61623 InChI1 1 C5H6O5 c6 3 1 4 7 8 2 5 9 10 h1 2H2, H,7,8 H,9,10 InChIKey1 OXTNCQMOKLOUAM UHFFFAOYAR SMILES1 O C O CC O CC O O CASNo PubChem 68328 SMILES C C O CC O O C O O EINECS 208 797 9 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 5 sub H sub 6 sub O sub 5 sub MolarMass 146.09814 g mol Appearance Density 1,499 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPt 133 C dec. BoilingPt 408,4 C 760mm Hg Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt 214,9 C Autoignition Acetonedicarboxylic acid or 3 oxoglutaric acid is a simple carboxylic acid , which may be used as a building block in organic chemistry . It is commercially available. It may also be prepared by the one pot decarboxylation and oxidation of citric acid by sulfuric acid ref OrgSynth author Roger Adams, H. M. Chiles, and C. F. Rassweiler title Acetonedicarboxylic Acid collvol 1 collvolpages 10 year 1941 prep cv1p0010 ref Image Acetonedicarboxylic acid from citric acid.png 450px References references Category Ketones Category Dicarboxylic acids fr Acide ac tonedicarboxylique ja fi Asetonidikarboksyylihappo ... more details
acid, H sub 2 sub CrO sub 4 sub , has much in common with sulfuricacid , H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub . Both are classified as strong acid s, though only the first proton is lost easily. H sub 2 sub CrO sub 4 sub eqm , HCrO sub 4 sub sup sup H sup sup The acid dissociation constant pK sub a sub for the equilibrium ... to water c.f. contact process manufacture of sulfuricacid . CrO sub 3 sub H sub 2 sub O eqm H ... reaction dehydrated . This is what happens when concentrated sulfuricacid is added to a dichromate ... acid cleaning mixtures along with the mixed chromic sulfuricacid H sub 2 sub CrSO sub 7 sub citation ... in ceramic glazes, and colored glass. Because a solution of chromic acid in sulfuricacid also known ... variations on this reagent have been developed Chromic acid in aqueous sulfuricacid and acetone is known ... correct ?? ImageSize 244 ImageName Structural formulae of dichromic acid left and chromic acid right ImageFile1 Chromic Acid 3D BallStick.png ImageFile1 Ref chemboximage correct ?? ImageSize1 244 ImageName1 Ball and stick models of dichromic acid left and chromic acid right IUPACName Chromic acid SystematicName Dihydroxidodioxidochromium OtherNames Chromic VI acid br Tetraoxochromic acid Section1 ... 250 Boiling notes decomposes Solubility 1666.6 g dm sup 3 sup The term chromic acid is usually used for a mixture made by adding concentrated sulfuricacid to a dichromate , which may contain a variety of compounds, including solid chromium trioxide . This kind of chromic acid may be used as a cleaning mixture for glass. Chromic acid may also refer to the molecular species, H sub 2 sub CrO sub 4 sub of which the trioxide is the Acidic oxide anhydride . Chromic acid features chromium in an oxidation state of 6 or VI . It is a strong and corrosive oxidising agent . Molecular chromic acid image ..., that is, with an acid concentration of about 1 mol dm sup 3 sup . A further complication is that the ion ... species in acid medium and ab initio studies of these species journal Polyhedron volume 16 issue 21 ... more details
Image SodiumBicarbonate.png thumb right Structure of sodium bicarbonate Acid salt is a somewhat obscure term for a class of salt chemistry salts formed by the partial neutralization chemistry neutralization of diprotic or polyprotic acid s. Because the parent acid is only partially neutralized, one or more replaceable hydrogen atoms remain. Typical acid salts have one or more alkali metal alkali alkaline metal ions as well as one or more hydrogen atoms. Well known examples are sodium bicarbonate NaHCO sub 3 sub , sodium hydrosulfide NaHS , sodium bisulfate NaHSO sub 4 sub , monosodium phosphate NaH sub 2 sub PO sub 4 sub , and disodium phosphate Na sub 2 sub HPO sub 4 sub . Often acid salts are used as Buffer solution buffer s. ref Most introductory chemistry textbooks discuss this area, representative is Zumdahl, S. S. Chemistry Heath, 1986 Lexington, MA. ISBN 0 669 04529 2. ref For example, the acid salt sodium bisulfate is the main species formed upon the half neutralization of sulfuricacid with sodium hydroxide H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub NaOH & x2192 NaHSO sub 4 sub H sub 2 sub O Acid salts compounds can act either as an acid or a base chemistry base addition of a suitably strong acid will protonation protonate anions, and addition of a suitably strong base will deprotonation split off H sup sup . The pH of a solution of an acid salt will depend on the relevant equilibrium constants and the amounts of any additional base or acid. A comparison between the K sub b sub and K ... main baking powder Some acid salts are used in baking. They are found in baking powders and are typically divided into low temperature or single acting and high temperature or double acting acid salts. Common low temperature acid salts react at room temperature to produce a leavening effect. They include cream of tartar , calcium phosphate , and citrate s. High temperature acid salts produce a leavening ... acid salts may also be found in non dairy creamer non dairy coffee creamers . See also alkali salt ... more details
tetrachloride with nitric acid, or, better, oxidation of the hydrocarbon with fuming sulfuricacid, using mercury or mercury II sulfate as a catalyst. Today it is produced by the catalytic ...chembox verifiedrevid 412761466 Name Phthalic acid ImageFile Phthalic acid 2D skeletal.png ImageSize 150px ImageName Phthalic acid ImageFile1 Phthalic acid 3D balls.png ImageSize1 170px IUPACName phthalic acid OtherNames benzene 1,2 br dicarboxylic acid Section1 Chembox Identifiers SMILES C1 CC C C C1 ... acid s OtherFunctn Isophthalic acid br Terephthalic acid OtherCpds Phthalic anhydride br Phthalimide ... Phthalic acid or ortho phthalic acid systematic name benzene 1,2 dicarboxylic acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid , with formula C sub 6 sub H sub 4 sub CO sub 2 sub H sub 2 sub . It is an isomer of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid . Although phthalic acid is of minor commercial importance ... Hillesheim Phthalic Acid and Derivatives in Ullmann s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2007, Wiley VCH, Weinheim. DOI 10.1002 14356007.a20 181.pub2 ref Production Phthalic acid was obtained by France ... the resulting substance to be a naphthalene derivative, he named it naphthalenic acid. Switzerland .... Reactions and uses Image Phthalic acid.JPG thumb left 180px Phthalic acid crystals It forms white crystals, melting at 190 C in a sealed tube that prevents loss of water . In the open, the acid ... available and more reactive phthalic anhydride. It is a dibasic acid, with p K sub a sub s of 2.89 and 5.51. The monopotassium salt, potassium hydrogen phthalate is a standard acid in analytical chemistry . Reduction of phthalic acid with sodium amalgam gives the 1,3 cyclohexadiene derivative. ref OrgSynth author Richard N. McDonald and Charles E. Reineke title trans 1,2 Dihydrophthalic Acid collvol 6 collvolpages 461 prep cv6p0461 year 1988 ref Isomers Phthalic acid is one of three isomer s with the Constitutional isomer Position isomerism composition benzenedicarboxylic acid, the others ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Multiple image direction vertical align right image1 Acetic acid 2D skeletal.svg image2 peracetic acid.png width 100 caption2 Comparison of an acid acetic acid , top and a peroxy acid peracetic acid , bottom A peroxy acid often spelled as one word, peroxyacid , and sometimes called peracid is an acid in which an acidic OH group has been replaced by an OOH group. They are formed chiefly by elements in carbon group groups 14 , nitrogen group 15 and Chalcogen 16 of the periodic table , though boron and certain transition element s are also known to form peroxy acids. Sulfur and phosphorus form the largest range of peroxy acids, including some condensed form such as peroxydiphosphoric acid, H sub 4 sub P sub 2 sub O sub 8 sub and peroxydisulfuric acid , H sub 2 sub S sub 2 sub O sub 8 sub . Because they are generally very powerful oxidizing agents, most peroxyacids are prepared by electrolysis electrolytic oxidation of ordinary oxyacids. Typically a high current density must be used to form the peroxyacid in good yield the electrolysis of sulfuricacid being the most important example. Peroxy acids are generally not very stable in solution and decompose to ordinary oxyacids and oxygen, but relatively more stable anhydrous forms can be made by reacting hydrogen peroxide with chlorosulfonic acid or phosphoryl chloride . All peroxy acids are very powerful oxidizing agent s. Some such acids are peroxy carboxylic acid s, such as Meta Chloroperoxybenzoic acid meta chloroperoxybenzoic acid mCPBA , which is used as a reagent in the Baeyer Villiger oxidation and in oxidation of carbon carbon double bond s in alkene s to generate epoxide s oxiranes . Sodium percarbonate Sodium peroxy carbonate , Na sub 2 sub CO sub 4 sub , is widely used as a household bleach ing agent for textiles, whilst sodium, potassium and ammonium peroxydisulfates Na sub 2 sub S sub ... peroxide Meta Chloroperoxybenzoic acid Peracetic acid Peroxyacyl nitrates DEFAULTSORT Peroxy Acid Category ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 401619334 Name Tellurous acid ImageFile ImageSize 200px ImageName IUPACName Tellurous acid OtherNames Tellurium dioxide hydrate, tellurium IV oxide hydrate Section1 Chembox Identifiers SMILES O Te O O ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 23310 PubChem 24936 InChI 1 H2O3Te c1 4 2 3 h H2,1,2,3 InChIKey SITVSCPRJNYAGV UHFFFAOYAI StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S H2O3Te c1 4 2 3 h H2,1,2,3 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey SITVSCPRJNYAGV UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 10049 23 7 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula H sub 2 sub TeO sub 3 sub MolarMass 177.616 grams Appearance Density 3 g cm sup 3 sup Solubility MeltingPt BoilingPt pKa pKb Viscosity Section3 Chembox Structure MolShape Coordination CrystalStruct Dipole Section7 Chembox Hazards ExternalMSDS MainHazards FlashPt RPhrases SPhrases Section8 Chembox Related OtherAnions Selenous acid br Sulfurous acid OtherCations Sodium tellurite OtherCpds Telluric acid br Selenic acid br Sulfuricacid Tellurous acid , H sub 2 sub TeO sub 3 sub , is a tellurium oxoacid . It can be obtained as a solid but it is not well characterized. Tellurous acid can be formed with difficulty by adding tellurium dioxide to water. References Unreferenced date September 2007 reflist Hydrogen compounds Category Hydrogen compounds Category Tellurites Category Acids inorganic compound stub simple Tellurous acid vi Ax t telur ... more details
times stronger than sulfuricacid , ref George A. Olah, et. al. Superacid Chemistry , 2nd ed., Wiley ... is one million times greater than a solution of sulfuricacid, so that the ratio BH sup sup B is one ... , p.177 ref Hydrobromic acid HBr pK sub a sub 8.7 ref name Jolly Perchloric acid HClO sub 4 sub pK sub a sub 8 ref name Housecroft Housecroft2nd page 171 ref Hydrochloric acid HCl pK sub a sub 6.3 ref name Jolly Sulfuricacid H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub first dissociation only, pK sub a1 sub 3 ref ...Acids and bases A strong acid is an acid that Ionization ionizes completely in an aqueous solution by losing one proton , according to the equation HA aq H sup sup aq A sup sup aq For sulfuricacid which is diprotic acid diprotic , the strong acid designation refers only to dissociation of the first proton H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub aq H sup sup aq HSO sub 4 sub sup sup aq More precisely, the acid must be stronger in aqueous solution than hydronium ion, so strong acids are acids with a acid dissociation constant p K sub a sub 1.74. An example is Hydrochloric acid HCl for which pK sub a sub 6.3. ref ... of hydronium ions is equal to the concentration of strong acid introduced to the solution ... function . ref is entirely non corrosive, whereas the weak acid hydrofluoric acid HF is extremely ... date January 2010 . In all other acid water reactions, dissociation is not complete, so will be represented as an equilibrium, not a completed reaction. The typical definition of a weak acid is any acid that does not dissociate completely. The difference separating the acid dissociation constant ... is equal to the total concentration ionized and un ionized of the acid introduced to solution H sup sup A sup sup HA sub total sub and pH log H sup sup . Determining acid strength The strength of an acid, in comparison to other acids, can be determined without the use of pH calculations by observing ... common strong acids as defined above Strongest to the weakest Hydroiodic acid HI acid dissociation ... more details
. The formula HFSO sub 3 sub emphasizes its relationship to sulfuricacid , H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub HSO sub 3 sub F is a tetrahedral molecule. Chemical properties Fluorosulfuric acid ... hydrolyze s slowly to HF and sulfuricacid . The related triflic acid CF sub 3 sub SO sub 3 ... 12 for sulfuricacid. The combination of FSO sub 3 sub H and the Lewis acid antimony pentafluoride produces Magic acid , which is a far stronger protonating agent. These acids all fall into the category of superacids , acids stronger than 100 sulfuricacid. Applications FSO sub 3 sub H is useful ...Chembox verifiedrevid 402132974 ImageFileL1 Fluorosulfuric acid 2D.png ImageNameL1 Structural formula of fluorosulfuric acid ImageFileR1 Fluorosulfuric acid 3D vdW.png ImageNameR1 Spacefill model of fluorosulfuric acid PIN Sulfurofluoridic acid SystematicName Fluoranesulfonic acid OtherNames Fluorosulfonic acid Section1 Chembox Identifiers StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S FHO3S ... 232 149 4 UNNumber 1777 MeSHName Fluorosulfonic acid RTECS LP0715000 SMILES FS O O O InChI 1 FHO3S ... Section8 Chembox Related OtherCpds Antimony pentafluoride br Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid br Hydrofluoric acid Fluorosulfuric acid IUPAC name sulfurofluoridic acid is the inorganic compound with the chemical ... acid , and ethyl acetate , but poorly soluble in nonpolar solvents such as alkanes. Reflecting its ... acid is prepared by the reaction of HF and sulfur trioxide SO sub 3 sub HF FSO sub 3 sub ... simple Br nsted acid s, although recent work on carborane based acids have led to still stronger acids ... acid is considered to be highly toxic and corrosive. It hydrolyzes to release HF. Addition of water to FSO sub 3 sub H can be violent, similar to the addition of water to sulfuricacid. Addition of fluorosulfuric acid to water is much more violent process than addition of sulfuricacid. See also Fluoroboric acid Fluoroantimonic acid References reflist Category Sulfuryl compounds Category Fluorides ... more details
chembox Watchedfields changed verifiedrevid 401955846 Name Chlorosulfuric acid ImageFile Chlorosulfuric acid.png ImageSize 150px ImageName Chlorosulfuric acid ImageFile1 Chlorosulfuric acid 3D balls.png ImageSize1 180px ImageName1 Chlorosulfuric acid IUPACName Sulfurochloridic acid OtherNames Chlorosulfuric acid, br Chlorosulfonic acid, br Chloridosulfonic acidsulfuric chlorohydrin Section1 Chembox ... SPhrases S2 , S26 , S45 Section8 Chembox Related OtherCpds Sulfuryl chloride br Sulfuricacid Chlorosulfuric acid IUPAC name sulfurochloridic acid is the inorganic compound with the formula HSO sub 3 sub Cl. It is also known as chlorosulfonic acid. It is a distillable, colorless liquid that should ... sub 2 sub and sulfuricacid H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub . ref Holleman, A. F. Wiberg, E. Inorganic Chemistry ... trioxide in sulfuricacid ref name Ullmann HCl SO sub 3 sub ClSO sub 3 sub H It can also be prepared by chlorination of sulfuricacid, written here for pedagogical purposes as SO sub 2 sub OH sub 2 sub ... ClSO sub 3 sub H reacts violently with water to yield sulfuricacid and HCl. Precautions associated with HCl should be observed. Related halosulfuric acids Fluorosulfonic acid FSO sub 2 sub OH is a related strong acid with a diminished tendency to evolve HF. Bromosulfonic acid, BrSO sub 2 sub OH ... Cremlyn, Chlorosulfonic Acid Springer Verlag New York, Inc. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2002, 300 pp. ISBN 978 0 85404 498 6 ref Structure and properties Chlorosulfuric acid is a tetrahedral molecule ... to pyrosulfuryl chlorides ref name Ullmann Joachim Maas, Fritz Baunack Chlorosulfuric Acid in Ullmann ... sub 4 sub SO sub 2 sub Cl H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub Oxidation of the ortho isomer gives the benzoic acid ... 2 sub SO sub 4 sub . Iodosulfonic acid is unknown. References references See also DEFAULTSORT Chlorosulfuric Acid Category Oxochlorides Category Reagents for organic chemistry Category Sulfur oxoacids ... pt cido clorossulf rico ro Acid clorosulfonic ru fi Klooririkkihappo sv Klorsvavelsyra ... more details
Merge from Acid radical date March 2011 Unreferenced date December 2009 Within the Br nsted Lowry acid base theory proton physics protonic , a conjugate acid is the acid member, HX, of a pair of two compounds that transform into each other by gain or loss of a proton. A conjugate acid can also be seen as the chemical substance that releases, or donates, a proton in the forward chemical reaction, hence, the term acid. The base produced, X sup sup , is called the conjugate base , and it absorbs, or gains, a proton in the backward chemical reaction. In aqueous solution, the chemical reaction involved is of the form HX H sub 2 sub O Eqm X sup sup H sub 3 sub O sup sup This principle is discussed in detail in the article on acid base reaction The protonic Br nsted Lowry definition acid base reaction theories . Tabulated below are several examples of conjugate acid base pairs. Acid strength decreases and base strength increases down the table. cellpadding 4 Acid Base HFSbF sub 5 sub Fluoroantimonic acid SbF sub 6 sub sup sup Antimony pentafluoride Hexafluoroantimonate ion HCl Hydrochloric acid Cl sup sup Chloride ion H sub 2 sub SO sub 4 sub Sulfuricacid HSO sub 4 sub sup sup Hydrogen sulfate ion HNO sub 3 sub Nitric acid NO sub 3 sub sup sup Nitrate ion H sub 3 sub O sup sup Hydronium ion H sub 2 sub O water molecule Water HSO sub 4 sub sup sup Hydrogen sulfate ion SO sub 4 sub sup 2 sup Sulfate ion H sub 3 sub PO sub 4 sub Phosphoric acid H sub 2 sub PO sub 4 sub sup sup Dihydrogen phosphate ion CH sub 3 sub COOH Acetic acid CH sub 3 sub COO sup sup Acetate ion H sub 2 sub CO sub 3 sub Carbonic acid HCO sub 3 sub sup sup Hydrogen carbonate ion H sub 2 sub S Hydrosulfuric acid HS sup sup Hydrogen sulfide ion H sub 2 sub PO sub 4 sub sup sup Dihydrogen phosphate ion HPO sub 4 ... 7 OH sup sup Hydroxide ion See also protonation buffer solution Chem stub DEFAULTSORT Conjugate Acid Category Acid base chemistry ar es Base conjugada it Acido coniugato nl Geconjugeerd zuur ... more details
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