The StoredCommunicationsAct SCA ref http www4.law.cornell.edu uscode 18 usc sup 01 18 10 I 20 121.html US Code Title 18,Chapter 121 Stored Wire and Electronic Communications and Transactional Records Access. ref is a law that was enacted by the United States Congress in 1986. It is not a stand alone law but forms part of the Electronic Communications Privacy Act it is codified as 18 U.S.C. 2701 to 2712. The SCA addresses voluntary and compelled disclosure of stored wire and electronic communications and transactional records held by third party internet service providers ISPs . The Fourth Amendment ... to compel an ISP to disclose the contents of an email or of files stored on a server. ref name Kerr2 Kerr, Orin S., http ssrn.com abstract 421860 A User s Guide to the StoredCommunicationsAct, and a Legislator ... stored online, the Fourth Amendment s protections are potentially far weaker. In part, this is because .... ref The SCA creates Fourth Amendment like privacy protection for email and other digital communicationsstored on the internet. It limits the ability of the government to compel an ISP to turn ... which provides to users thereof the ability to send or receive wire or electronic communications. A remote ... services by means of an electronic communications system. Section 2703 of the SCA describes the conditions ... customer communications or records. In general, ISPs are forbidden to divulge to any person or entity ... information. ref name Kerr2 An ISP can disclose the contents of a subscriber s communications authorized ... to compel disclosure, the most significant distinction made by the SCA is between communications held in electronic communications services, which require a search warrant and probable cause, and those ... Decision Sixth Circuit s En Banc Reversal in Warshak Sidesteps Constitutionality of Stored Communication Act s Delayed Notification Provision, http www.sonnenschein.com docs docs icdp PSL 080408.pdf ... Dec. 14, 2010 . ref Robbins v. Lower Merion School District The Act was invoked in the 2010 Robbins ... more details
The CommunicationsAct can refer to The CommunicationsAct of 1934 in the United States The CommunicationsAct 2003 in the United Kingdom See also List of short titles disambig ko ... more details
The Communications Satellite Act of 1962 was put into effect in order to deal with the issue of commercialization of space communications. This act was very controversial, and was left very open ended. The act was signed August 31, 1962 by President John F. Kennedy . Goals of the act The act aimed to join ... more efficient communication system. The Act itself would create the Communications Satellite Corporation also known as COMSAT Columbia Encyclopedia . Disagreement with the passing of the act Democratic Party United States Democratic Senator Russell B. Long of Louisiana said of the act, When this bill ..., the act provided a good start towards a global communications system. Section 301 of the Act ... 17, 1967. Here he reported that, the Communications Satellite Act of 1962 has brought mankind to the threshold ... shortly after the passing of the Communications Satellite act of 1962 Gruenwald 1998 . References Harvard Law Review. THE COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE ACT OF 1962 December 1962 . Vol. 76 Issue 2, p156 168 ... Transmitting Annual Report Under the Communications Satellite Act. March 17, 1967 01 01 2001 . American ... AN 9FVPPLBJ010181 Remarks Upon Signing the Communications Satellite Act. August 31, 1962 01 01 ... to John F. Kennedy, Its purpose is to establish a commercial communications system utilizing ... and understanding. This act would allow the communication industry to share satellite use and information ... Company argued that using space for communications was just a modern representation of the submarine communications cable s currently in use. AT&T proposed joint ownership of all of the communications ... communications this proposition was opposed by other communication companies. The Federal Communications ... the communications satellites. The President was to observe every aspect of the development and operation ... participation. NASA was designated as a technical advisor for the FCC and the communications corporation ... committees established The Act created a board of directors to oversee regulation of the act. There are to be 15 ... more details
The Interception of CommunicationsAct 1985 1985 c. 56 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom . It came into operation as of April 10, 1986. The Act created the offence of unlawfully intercepting communications sent by post or by a public telecommunications system those guilty were liable, on conviction, to a fine or up to two years imprisonment. It provided for a system of warrants to permit legal interception, and laid down cases where interception could be done lawfully, stating that having reasonable grounds to believe that the other party consented to interception was a defence. The Act also established a complaints tribunal which in 2000 was subsumed into the Investigatory Powers Tribunal , and created the post of Interception of Communications Commissioner to review the workings of the Act. It amended parts of the Telecommunications Act 1984 . This Act has since been repealed by schedule 1 of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 . References Whitaker s Almanack for the year 1987 , complete edition, p. 363. J. Whitaker & Sons, London, 1986 http www.swarb.co.uk acts 1985InterceptionCommunicationsAct.shtml Sections of the Interception of CommunicationsAct 1985 as passed Category United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1985 Category Telecommunications in the United Kingdom statute stub ... more details
The Malicious CommunicationsAct 1988 is a British Act of Parliament that makes it illegal in England and Wales to send or deliver letters or other articles for the purpose of causing distress or anxiety . See also Hate mail External links http www.hmso.gov.uk acts acts1988 Ukpga 19880027 en 1.htm Full text of Malicious CommunicationsAct 1988 c. 27 http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi england lincolnshire 4201775.stm Man jailed over tsunami e mails UK legislation Category Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom concerning England and Wales Category United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1988 Category Communications in the United Kingdom statute stub ... more details
improve date December 2011 The CommunicationsAct of 1934 is a United States federal law , enacted as Public ... 47 151 et seq. The Act replaced the Federal Radio Commission with the Federal Communications Commission ... last Kennedy first L. J. coauthors Purcell, H.A. title Section 332 of the CommunicationsAct of 1934 ... in a similar way and influenced Congress to pass the CommunicationsAct of 1934. The goal was to have ... be better the FCC claiming that the Homeland Security Act of 2002 did override the Communications ..., 1 December 2006. Accessed 2 March 2011. ref As the law stands today, the 1934 CommunicationsAct prohibits ... Prisons CommunicationsAct sponsored by Senator Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Representative Kevin Bradley the bill attempting to amend the CommunicationsAct of 1934 was left in committee in the House. ref http www.opencongress.org bill 111 h560 show H.R.560 Safe Prisons CommunicationsAct of 2009 ... of a cyber attack. Structure The CommunicationsAct of 1934, as amended, consists of seven major ... Title VI Cable communications added by Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984 ref http www.museum.tv eotvsection.php?entrycode uspolicyc U.S. Policy The CommunicationsAct of 1934 , at The Museum of Broadcast ... the CommunicationsAct of 1934 was enacted as law by the U.S. Congress , there was a debate over ... Hatfield of West Virginia offered an amendment to the then proposed CommunicationsAct. Educators ... Wagner amendment died and the CommunicationsAct was passed. The Federal Communications Commission ... Act of 1934 The act established a legal base for regulating wired and wireless communications ... for Revision of the CommunicationsAct of 1934 Telecommunications Issues in 1982. ref cite web last Gilroy first A. A. title Proposals for Revision of the CommunicationsAct of 1934 Telecommunications ..., as the agency for managing the radio spectrum, to the FCC after the CommunicationsAct of 1934. President ... Act of 1996 Telecommunication Act 1996 and CommunicationsAct of 1934 had two major ... more details
The CommunicationsAct 2003 http www.legislation.gov.uk ukpga 2003 21 contents c 21 is an Act of Parliament Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . It gave regulation body Ofcom its full powers. Among other measures, it introduced legal recognition of Community Radio and paved the way for full time Community Radio services in the UK as well as controversially lifting many restrictions on cross media ownership . It also made it illegal to use other people s wifi broadband connections without their permission. ref cite news first last authorlink coauthors title Man arrested over wi fi theft ... access is an offence under the CommunicationsAct 2003 and a potential breach of the Computer Misuse Act. publisher BBC date 22 August 2007 accessdate 2007 08 22 ref The legislation also allowed .... ... Gaining unauthorised access to a computer is an offence covered by the Computer Misuse Act. In Straszkiewcz s case, he was prosecuted under the CommunicationsAct and found guilty of dishonestly obtaining an electronic communications service. UK Legislation UK LEG ext title CommunicationsAct ... en PracticeNote.2102.html UK Office of Communications 4.4.1& 93 ICT Regulation ... Department for Culture Media and Sport media ownership Bot generated title ref Contents The CommunicationsAct 2003 had as its purpose to confer functions on the Office of Communications to make provision about the regulation of the provision of electronic communications networks and services and of the use ... and other media enterprises and, in that connection, to amend the Enterprise Act 2002 and for connected purposes. The Act introduced new offences for Improper use of public electronic communications network , dishonestly obtaining electronic communications services Section 125 , possession or supply ... than one of obtaining services dishonestly contrary to Section 11 Fraud Act 2006 or a Section 1 Computer Misuse Act 1990 unauthorized access offence where access to a telecoms service was obtained ... more details
Infobox UK legislation short title The Electronic CommunicationsAct 2000 parliament Parliament of the United Kingdom long title An Act to make provision to facilitate the use of electronic communications and electronic data storage to make provision about the modification of licences granted under section 7 of the Telecommunications Act 1984 and for connected purposes. statute book chapter 2000 c.7 introduced by territorial extent royal assent 25 May 2000 commencement repeal date amendments related legislation repealing legislation status current and active legislation original text http www.opsi.gov.uk acts acts2000 ukpga 20000007 en 1 activeTextDocId 1471240 legislation history The Electronic CommunicationsAct 2000 c.7 is an Act of Parliament Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that Regulates the provision of cryptography cryptographic services in the UK ss.1 6 and Confirms the legal status of electronic signature s ss.7 10 . The United Kingdom government with Tony Blair as prime minister had come to the conclusion that encryption, encryption services and electronic signatures would be important to e commerce in the UK. ref name BBC By 1999, however, only the security services still hankered after key escrow. So a sunset clause was put in the bill. The May 2000 Electronic CommunicationsAct gave the Home Office the power to create a registration regime for encryption services. This was given a five year period before it would automatically lapse. The five years expired in May 2005 and the legislation granting such a power disappeared from the statute book. References reflist refs ref name BBC cite news url http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi business 863144.stm title Net leaves the law behind newspaper BBC News Online date 2 August 2000 first Mark last Ward ref External links http www.fipr.org press 050525crypto.html An account from the Foundation For Information Policy Research UK Legislation UK LEG ext path ukpga 2000 7 title Electronic CommunicationsAct 2000 type ... more details
The Communications Decency Act of 1996 CDA was the first notable attempt by the United States Congress ..., the Children s Internet Protection Act CIPA of 2000, the Supreme Court upheld it as constitutional in 2004. Section 230 Main Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act Section 230 of the Communications ... Myers first Ken S. title Wikimmunity Fitting the Communications Decency Act to Wikipedia newspaper Harvard ... External links Wikisource http pdfcast.org pdf the communications decency act a legislative history Legislative history of the Communications Decency Act . http www.fcc.gov Reports tcom1996.txt FCC text ... Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act http www.cdt.org speech cda Center for Democracy and Technology ... www.cybertelecom.org cda cda up.htm Cybertelecom The Communications Decency Act and http www.cybertelecom.org ... Category Computer law Category Obscenity law Category Pornography law cs Communications Decency Act de Communications Decency Act es Communications Decency Act ... case of Reno v. ACLU , the United States Supreme Court struck the anti indecency provisions of the Act. The Act of Congress Act was Title V of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 . It was introduced to the United .... The amendment that became the CDA was added to the Telecommunications Act in the Senate by an 84 ... communications in two significant ways. First, it attempted to regulate both indecency when available to children and obscenity in cyberspace . Second, Section 230 of the Act has been interpreted ... provisions The most controversial portions of the Act were those relating to indecency on the Internet. The relevant sections of the Act were introduced in response to fears that Internet pornography was on the rise. Indecency in TV and radio broadcasting had already been regulated by the Federal Communications ... by the 1992 amendment to the National Science Foundation National Science Foundation Act and thus ... blocked enforcement of the first, the Child Online Protection Act COPA , almost immediately after its ... more details
Lead too long date May 2011 Infobox U.S. legislation name Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984 fullname Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984 acronym nickname Cable Communications Policy Act 1984 Cable Franchise Policy and CommunicationsAct enacted by effective date public law url cite public law Pub. L. No. 98 549 cite statutes at large 98 STAT.2780 acts amended CommunicationsAct of 1934 title amended Title ... Co. v. Federal Communications Commission , ussc 395 367 1969 The Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984 ... the cable industry. The act established a national policy for the regulation of cable communications ... wrote and supported the act, which amended the CommunicationsAct of 1934 with the insertion of Title ... journal last1 Meyerson first1 Michael I. year 1985 title The Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984 ... that inspired Senator Barry Goldwater to begin his work on the Cable CommunicationsAct .... ref name Williams As a title of the larger CommunicationsAct of 1934 , the Cable CommunicationsAct ... requirements prescribed by the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act . The FCC hoped that the newly ... started work on what became the Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984. The need for an act to determine .... ref name Williams Structure wikisource Cable Communications Policy Act of 1984 The Cable Communication Act of 1984 is Title VI General Provisions of the CommunicationsAct of 1934. The title is divided ... title CommunicationsAct of 1934 journal Encyclopedia of Political Communication publisher SAGE Publications ... above. ref name Lloyd See also CommunicationsAct of 1934 Telecommunications Act of 1996 Cable Television ... External links Refbegin http www.publicaccess.org cableact.html Cable CommunicationsAct of 1984 http www.fcc.gov Reports 1934new.pdf CommunicationsAct of 1934 as amended by Telecommunications Act ... Refend DEFAULTSORT 1984 Cable Franchise Policy And CommunicationsAct Category 1984 in law Cable Franchise Policy and CommunicationsAct Category 1984 in the United States Cable Franchise Policy ... more details
The Kenya Communications Amendment Act, 2008 is a Kenya n Act of Parliament that was passed by the 10th Kenyan Parliament and signed into law by President Mwai Kibaki on January 2, 2009. It is a controversial amendment of the Kenya CommunicationsAct, 1998 which gives the state power to raid media houses and control the distribution of content. It also gives the government the right to penalise media infractions with heavy fines and prison terms sole discretion in granting broadcast licences control of programme content and broadcasts. The bill was opposed by the Orange Democratic Movement ODM of Prime Minister Raila Odinga , and the Kenyan Union of Journalists . Due to protests by Kenyan journalists, Kibaki ordered the attorney general and information minister to review the Act and suggest any possible amendments ref http news.bbc.co.uk 2 hi africa 7817567.stm Kenya media welcomes law review ref possible amendments could address such contentious areas as Section 88 92. ref http fortysouth.com 2008 12 14 its already part of the constitution It s Already Part of the Constitution ref References Reflist External links Text of the Act http www.scribd.com doc 8676972 The Kenya Communications Amendment Bill 2008 in Flash and http www.kenyalaw.org Downloads Bills 2008 The Kenya Communications 20 Amendment 20Bill 2008.pdf in PDF Category Kenyan law Category Kenyan legislation Category Kenyan media Category 10th Kenyan Parliament ... more details
The Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act of 1999 is a United States federal law enacted as Public Law 106 81 of October 26, 1999. It is also known as the 911 Act . The act required the setup of enhanced 911 and mandated that 911 serve as the emergency number for non land line phones as well. It was an amendment to the CommunicationsAct of 1934 as amended by the Telecommunications Act of 1996 . House The Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act began as H.R. 438 in the 106th Congress. The purpose of the bill was To promote and enhance public safety through use of 911 as the universal ... h106 438 Gov Track Report on Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act ref Senate The Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act moved from the House and was presented in the Senate on April ... service. blockquote Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act of 1999 Amends the CommunicationsAct of 1934 to direct the Federal Communications Commission FCC and any agency or entity to which ... Releases 2000 nrwl0029.html FCC takes steps to implement the Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act of 1999 , FCC. Category United States federal communications legislation Category 1999 in the United ... were held in the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Subcommittee on Communications. On June ... d106query.html Library of Congress, Bill Summary and Status S. 800 ref Summary blockquote The 911 Act ... deployment of a nationwide, seamless communications infrastructure for emergency services that includes wireless communications. To ensure a comprehensive approach to emergency service throughout the country, the 911 Act directs the FCC to make 911 the universal emergency number for wireline and wireless ... as an emergency telephone number on the date of enactment of the 911 Act. It further directs the FCC to encourage and support the States in developing comprehensive emergency communications ... the FCC to encourage and support efforts by States to deploy comprehensive end to end emergency communications ... more details
The Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act CALEA is a United States wiretapping law passed in 1994, during the presidency of Bill Clinton Pub. L. No. 103 414, 108 Stat. 4279, codified at 47 USC 1001 1010 . In its own words, the purpose of CALEA is To amend title 18, United States Code , to make clear a telecommunications carrier s duty to cooperate in the interception of communications for Law Enforcement purposes, and for other purposes. CALEA s purpose is to enhance the ability of law enforcement and intelligence agencies to conduct electronic surveillance by requiring that telecommunications carriers and manufacturers of telecommunications equipment modify and design their equipment, facilities, and services to ensure that they have built in surveillance capabilities, allowing ... Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act of 1994 Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act of 1994 http www.fcc.gov calea FCC CALEA Home page http www.askcalea.net FBI CALEA Website ... Digital Surveillance The Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act , Congressional ... collects, stores, indexes, and analyzes communications data. ref name point click eavesdrop wikisource ... to conduct criminal investigations requiring wiretapping of digital telephone networks. The Act obliges .... The act stipulates that it must not be possible for a person to detect that his or her conversation ... to perform surveillance of all communications that travel over the Internet such as Internet ... DEA filed a joint petition with the Federal Communications Commission FCC to expand their powers to include the ability to monitor VoIP and broadband internet communications so that they could ... for Broadband? The Critics Are Unanimous Lasar s Letter on the Federal Communications Commission ... Internet wiretapping plan Lasar s Letter on the Federal Communications Commission http www.cybertelecom.org ... United States federal communications legislation Category United States federal criminal legislation ... more details
Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act of 1996 a common name for Title V of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 is a landmark piece of Internet legislation in the United States, codified at usc 47 ... of the harmful information at issue. History Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act was not part ... Act of 1996 . http www.citmedialaw.org legal guide immunity online publishers under communications decency act Citizen Media Law Project s primer on Section 230 http www.cybertelecom.org cda cda up.htm Cybertelecom The Communications Decency Act Electronic Frontier Foundation http www.eff.org ... Empowerment Act and passed by a near unanimous vote on the floor. Unlike the more controversial Communications Decency Act anti indecency provisions which were later ruled unconstitutional, this portion of the Act remains in force, and enhances free speech by making it unnecessary for ISPs ... for customers conduct. The act was passed in part in reaction to the 1995 decision in Stratton ... publisher s, and legally responsible for libel and other torts committed by customers. This act was passed ... was liable for publishing the communications. Dart v. Craigslist, Inc. , 665 F. Supp. 2d 961 N.D. ... . ref The court upheld immunity for Craigslist against Civil Rights Act of 1968 Fair Housing Act claims ... roommate matching service for claims brought under the federal Civil Rights Act of 1968 Fair Housing Act ref http www4.law.cornell.edu uscode 42 3604.html 42 U.S.C. 3604 c . ref and California ... may lack the protections afforded by the Act. European Union http eur lex.europa.eu LexUriServ LexUriServ.do ... and passive capacity 2 they are not informed of its illegal character, and 3 they act promptly to remove ... Under the Defamation Act 2005 NSW , ref http www.austlii.edu.au au legis nsw consol act da200599 Defamation Act 2005 ref s 32, a defence to defamation is that the defendant neither knew, nor ought reasonably ... Liability for Harmful Speech and Wikipedia audio lecture. DEFAULTSORT Section 230 Of The Communications ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2008 Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Stored Images Type Studio Artist Suicide Commando Cover SuicideC Stored.jpg Released 1995 in music 1995 Recorded Genre Electro industrial Length 50 24 Label Producer Johan Van Roy Reviews Last album Critical Stage br 1994 This album Stored Images br 1995 Next album Contamination album Contamination br 1996 Stored Images is a 1995 in music 1995 album by Belgian electro industrial act Suicide Commando . Track listing Murder The Exit Save Me Remix The Human Disgrace Intercourse Reload II Dying Inside Mortal Combat Final Act I The End of Your Life Actions of the Mind T.V. Obsession See You in Hell Category Suicide Commando albums Category 1995 albums 1990s electronic album stub ... more details
A stored procedure is a subroutine available to applications that access a relational database relational database management system database system . A stored procedure sometimes called a proc , sproc , StoPro , StoredProc , or SP is actually stored in the database data dictionary . Typical uses for stored .... Furthermore, stored procedures can consolidate and centralize logic that was originally implemented ... is moved into stored procedures, and all applications call the procedures. One can use nested stored procedures, by executing one stored procedure from within another. Stored procedures are similar to user ... like any other expression within SQL statements, whereas stored procedures must be invoked using the code ... rbafzmstcallstmt.htm Call Procedure ref CALL procedure ... or EXECUTE procedure ... Stored procedures ... be processed using cursor databases cursor s, by other stored procedures, by associating a result set locator, or by applications. Stored procedures may also contain declared variables for processing data and cursors that allow it to loop through multiple rows in a table. Stored procedure languages ... code statements, and more. Stored procedures can receive variables, return results or modify variables ... and correct implementation of stored procedure varies from one database system to another. Most major database vendors support them in some form. Depending on the database system, stored procedures can ... Java , C programming language C , or C programming language C . Stored procedures written in non SQL programming languages may or may not execute SQL statements themselves. The increasing adoption of stored ... .NET Framework languages MySQL own stored procedures, closely adhering to SQL 2003 standard. Oracle ... In some systems, stored procedures can be used to control transaction management in others, stored procedures run inside a transaction such that transactions are effectively transparent to them. Stored procedures can also be invoked from a database trigger or a condition handler. For example, a stored ... more details
globalize USA date December 2010 A stored value card refers to monetary value on a card not in an externally recorded account and differs from prepaid cards where money is on deposit with the issuer similar to a debit card . ref cite book title Intro to Business last1 Dlabay first1 Les R. last2 Burrow ... Mason, Ohio isbn 9780538445610 page 433 ref One major difference between stored value cards and prepaid ..., while stored value cards are usually anonymous. The term stored value card means the funds and or data are physically stored on the card. With prepaid cards the data is maintained on computers ... keypad . Typical applications Typical applications of stored value cards include transit system Public ... Account HSA cards. The U.S. Department of the Treasury manages three stored value card programs .... Closed system prepaid cards are not subject to the USA PATRIOT Act , as they generally cannot ... ndic pubs11 20777 index.htm title Assessment Prepaid Stored Value Cards date October ... is not physically stored on the card instead, the card number uniquely identifies a record ... for purchasing cigarettes from vending machines. It will have stored value capability. Generally these cards ... under the Federal Reserve Act and afford cardholders much more protection and opportunity to assert ... of the Bankruptcy Code , as well as the Electronic Funds Transfer Act Regulation E . They are also subject to the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act . Money laundering There is growing concern that Illegal drug trade drug traffickers and other criminals worldwide are using stored value cards to move ... States , it is legal for anyone to enter or leave the country with money that is stored ... rulemaking on stored value cards in the June 28, 2010 edition of the Federal Register . The proposed ..., and Broox W. Peterson. Developments In The Law Concerning Stored Value and Other Prepaid ... Refend DEFAULTSORT Stored Value Card Category Payment systems Category Radio frequency ... more details
A Java stored procedure is a procedure that is written in Java programming language Java instead of Third generation programming language 3GL languages like PL SQL and stored in the Oracle database. They are executed ... www.oracle.com technology tech java jsp faq jvm java stored procedures.html What is a A Java Stored Procedure is a procedure coded in Java as opposed to PL SQL and stored in the Oracle database. Java Stored procedures are executed by the database JVM in database memory space. ref It is sometimes wrongly abbreviated as Java Server Pages JSP . A stored procedure is a program that is kept and executed ... via the connection. Stored procedures share many advantages with application servers based on Enterprise JavaBeans EJBs or CORBA . The principal difference is that stored procedures are bundled ... and programming code for, and require more complex client software. Since stored procedures ... or five SQL statements in a Java application, executing one stored procedure performs all the operations .... The following list summarizes the advantages of stored procedures Faster execution . Stored procedures ... . User access to tables can be restricted so that it is only possible via the stored procedure. Reduced ... through stored procedures, ad hoc modifications are not permitted. Automated complex or sensitive transactions . The main disadvantage to using stored procedures is that it can place important code outside of the reach of your source control system. Stored procedure parameter properties Parameter .... Up to 255 parameters may be defined. Wildcards can be contained in values passed to stored procedures ... stored procedure parameters. Procedure limitations and notes A stored procedure may not create views, defaults, rules, triggers, or procedures or issue the use statement a system stored procedure is necessary if a stored procedure is to operate within the context of the database it is called from . Tables may be created in stored procedures typically, temporary tables are used for storing intermediate ... more details
globalize USA date September 2011 Tone date December 2010 Home stored product entomology is the study of insect s which infest foodstuffs stored in the home. It deals with the prevention, detection and eradication ... prosecute. Five major stored product pests Flour Beetles Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum ... months. These stored product pests will infest almost anything readily available. Food products prone ... web url http entomology.ifas.ufl.edu creatures urban stored drugstore beetle.htm title drugstore beetle ..., macaroni, crackers, etc. They are the most common grain and stored product pest in the United ... Stored Product Management Stored product Insects and Biological Control Agents , page 92. USDA ARS ... with about two thirds of the distal area a red to copper color. ref Krischik, Vera Stored Product Management Stored product Insects and Biological Control Agents , page 90. USDA ARS and the University ... specimen found either directly in the stored product or in the vicinity. The larvae, pupae, and adults ... , so the following analysis focuses on the five major pests that most commonly infest stored ... dried products are stored and or processed. Generally, the beetle is attracted to grain with a high ... and toxic quinone compounds. ref Krischik, Vera Stored Product Management Stored product Insects ... stored products. Larvae are found to develop in flour, dried foods, cereal products, and other stored products. ref name E 37 W cite web url http www.entm.purdue.edu Entomology ext targets e series EseriesPDF E 37.pdf title Stored Product Pests accessdate 2008 03 12 last Linda first Mason coauthors ... title Principal Stored Grain Pests of Indiana accessdate 2008 03 12 date 2000 06 format PDF work ... 155px thumb right An Indianmeal Moth infestation. Indianmeal moths infest both cereal and stored .... As with all insects important to stored product entomology, it cannot be automatically assumed ... to feed on stored products, the adults do not. Fruit Fly detection Image Fruit damaged by a Fruit ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 A common stored value ticket was a magnetic strip plastic magnetically sensitive card used for paying fares on the MTR and Kowloon Canton Railway KCR railway systems in Hong Kong from 1984 to 1999. It was also used on Citybus Hong Kong Citybus and KMB for some MTR and KCR feeder bus services. The system was replaced by the Octopus card system in 1997 and phased out on 2 January 1999. The MTR and KCR have continued to issue magnetic strip cards for single journey and souvenir tickets. History In 1981, MTR Corporation started using magnetic strip cards as tickets. The turnstile would confiscate the ticket when the passenger leaves the subway system. On 15 October 1984, KCR automated its ticketing system. The two companies jointly produced the common stored value ticket. On 31 August 1998, MTR and KCR announced that the tickets were no longer to be sold. They would be replaced by the Octopus card starting on 2 January 1999. Category MTR Category KCR Category KMB Category Citybus Category Fare collection systems HK stub zh ... more details
coord 41.688 N 93.593 W display title scale 5000 The Iowa Stored Energy Park ISEP was envisioned as a way to store off peak energy from wind farm s in the form of compressed air which would later be used by gas turbines for generating electricity during peak periods. The compressed air was to be stored in an underground geologic structure. In this way the power of wind would provide Dispatchable generation dispatchable , and economical electricity. ref name ISEP http www.isepa.com about isep.asp About the Iowa Stored Energy Park ref ISEP intended to use some of the latest innovations in the generation of electricity. Wind turbines, deep underground air storage, and efficient combustion turbines would have been used to take the intermittent power source variability of wind and turn it into clean energy on demand. The project would have enabled utilities to add additional renewable energy to their power supplies. ref name ISEP The project had hoped to store a 20 week supply of compressed air for subsequent use. ref name busweek http www.businessweek.com magazine content 07 41 b4053092.htm Business Week ref Testing and analysis of the ability to store the air underground was done at the proposed ISEP site. The results from the study indicated that the large airflow volumes could not be achieved at the site. The project was therefore cancelled in June 2011. ref http www.isepa.com ISEP 20Press 20Release.pdf Iowa Stored Energy Park project terminated ref It had been anticipated the facitlity would be operational in 2015. ref http www.isepa.com FAQs.asp 7 When will ISEP be built? ref The planned site for the storage was near Dallas Center, Iowa Dallas Center . ref http www.humboldtnews.com main.asp?SectionID 12&SubSectionID 12&ArticleID 6728 The Humboldt Independent ref ISEP was a joint project of municipal utilities in Iowa and several nearby states. ref name ISEP Operation ... compressed and stored air in an underground geologic formation 2800 feet underground. When electric ... more details
A stored program computer is one which stores Instruction computer science program instructions in electronic memory. ref Citation last Allison first Joanne title Stored program Computers year 1997 url http www.computer50.org mark1 stored.html accessdate 24 August 2011 ref Often the definition is extended with the requirement that the treatment of programs and data in memory be interchangeable or uniform. ref name GilreathLaplante2003 cite book author1 William F. Gilreath author2 Phillip A. Laplante title Computer Architecture A Minimalist Perspective url http books.google.com books?id 9DuC35atMu0C&pg RA1 PA24 year 2003 publisher Springer isbn 9781402074165 page 24 ref ref name Reilly2003 cite book author Edwin D. Reilly title Milestones in computer science and information technology url http books.google.com books?id JTYPKxug49IC&pg PA245 year 2003 publisher Greenwood Publishing Group isbn 9781573565219 page 245 ref ref name POCA cite book first Miles J. last Murdocca coauthors Vincent P. Heuring year 2000 title Principles of Computer Architecture publisher Prentice Hall id ISBN 0 201 43664 7 pages 5 ref A computer with a von Neumann architecture stores program data and instruction ... 18 May 2011 year 2003 publisher McGraw Hill Professional isbn 9780071409278 page 149 ref Stored program ... considers that it is historically inappropriate, to refer to electronic stored program digital ... write that the early Harvard machines were regarded as reactionary by the advocates of stored ... page 68 ref The stored program computer idea can be traced back to the 1936 theoretical concept ... was necessary. Other computers, though programmable, stored their programs on punched tape which ... Machine SSEM is generally recognized as world s first electronic computer that ran a stored program&mdash ... the first complete and fully operational regular electronic digital stored program computer ... in January 1948, was the first stored program computer ref name Pugh1995 cite book author Emerson ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Stored Program Control exchange SPC is the technical name used for telephone exchanges controlled by a computer program stored in the memory of the system. Early exchanges such as Strowger switch Strowger , Panel switch panel , rotary, and Crossbar switch crossbar switches were electromechanical and had no software control. SPC was introduced on a small scale in so called electronic switching system s in the 1960s the 101ESS PBX was a minor Bell System example and on a large scale in the 1970s 1ESS switch from Bell System, AXE telephone exchange from Ericsson . SPC allowed more sophisticated calling feature s. As SPC exchanges evolved, reliability and versatility increased. In the 1980s SPC completely took over the industry, making the term redundant except for historical interest. Introduction SPC allowed more sophisticated Calling features. As SPC exchanges evolved, reliability and versatility increased. In stored program control, a program or a set of instructions to the computer is stored in its computer memory memory and the instructions are executed automatically one by one by the processor. An immediate consequence of program control is full scale automation of exchange functions and introduction of a variety of new functions to users. Introducing a computer to carry out control functions of a telephone exchange is not as simple as using computer for commercial data processing. A telephone exchange must run without interruption 24 hrs a day, 365 days a year, 30 40 years. This means the exchange must be Fault tolerant design tolerant to faults . Attempts to introduce electronics and computers in the control sub system of an exchange were ... to organizing stored program control centralized and distributed. Early electronic switching .... Distributed Stored program control As compare to Centralized SPC, it gives Better availability ... ref References Reflist See also List of telephone switches DEFAULTSORT Stored Program Control ... more details
Unreferenced date June 2009 Cleanup date June 2009 A stored energy printer is a type of computer printer that uses the energy stored in a spring or magnetic field to push a hammer through a ribbon to print a dot. As compared to dot matrix printers that print a single column of dots at a time, these printers generally print an entire line of dots at a time and so are sometimes called line matrix printer s . This technology is used to produce premium impact printers that print for millions to billions of dots per hammer. The advantage of this technology is that it has the lowest known cost of ownership ink is transferred by conventional typewriter style ribbons, and the rest of the printer simply never wears out. The most common printers to use this technology were the line matrix printers made by Printronix and its licensees. In these, the hammers were arranged as a hammerbank, a sort of comb that oscillated horizontally to produce a line of dots. A character matrix printer has also been produced. In this printer, the hammer s were machined from an oval of magnetically permeable stainless steel, and the hammer tips form a couple of vertical rows. The original technology, patented by Printronix in 1974, was to have the top of a stiff leaf spring held back by a magnet ic pole piece. A tungsten carbide hammer would be Brazing brazed to the center top of the leaf spring. When it was desired to produce a dot, a coil electromagnet wrapped around the pole piece would neutralize the magnetic field. The leaf spring would snap the hammer away from the pole piece, pushing the hammer out against a ribbon and push an image of a dot onto the paper. Recent designs have performed complex optimizations in the magnetic circuit, and eliminated unwanted resonance s in the spring. The result was a near doubling of speed. Other improvements include the use of electrical discharge machining to produce complex, three dimensional hammers that trade off the magnetic circuit, mechanical resonances ... more details
Abiding Geocast is a time stable geocast scheme used in ad hoc network s or in cellular network s. Messages are delivered to all nodes that are inside a destination region within a certain period of time. In contrast to an ordinary geocast, which is delivered to all nodes which are inside a destination region exactly at the time of sending plus distribution delay in the network, abiding geocast allows senders to define a lifetime for the geocast message. Abiding geocast is created by the retransmission of the geocast message, either periodically to the destination region or whenever a node inside the destination region detects a new neighbor. New services and applications such as position based advertising, position based publish and subscribe use abiding geocast. In the future, abiding geocast in the automotive industry may enable vehicles to form a position aware ad hoc network. Many necessary conditions are already in place many vehicles are already equipped with a navigation system i.e. are position aware and, triggered by the introduction of automatic toll systems, many will be equipped with communication systems in the near future in many countries based on IEEE 802.11a . Abiding geocast enables the creation of virtual traffic sign s such as local hazard warnings cite Maihoefer04bb . For example, an abiding geocast fixed to a certain geographical area could warn approaching vehicle s about an icy road. References cite paper url http www.informatik.uni trier.de ley db conf kivs kivs2003.html title Stored Geocast in Proceedings of Kommunikation in Verteilten Systemen KiVS author C. Maih fer, W. Franz, R. Eberhardt date February, 2003 cite paper url http www.sigmobile.org workshops vanet2005 program.html title Abiding Geocast Time Stable Geocast for Ad Hoc Networks in Second ACM International Workshop on Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks VANET 2005 author C. Maih fer, T. Leim ller, E. Schoch date September, 2005 See also Ad hoc protocol list Category Ad hoc routing proto ... more details
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