Expert subject Ecology date February 2009 Speciesrichness is the number of different species in a given area. It is represented in equation form as math S math . Speciesrichness is the fundamental unit in which to assess the Species homogeneity homogeneity of an environment. Typically, speciesrichness .... These studies, therefore, often develop a rubric or measure for valuing the speciesrichness number s or adopt one from previous studies on similar ecosystems. Factors affecting speciesrichness There is a strong inverse correlation in many groups between speciesrichness and latitude the farther ..., speciesrichness decreases, indicating an effect of area, available energy, isolation and or zonation ... See also Rapoport s rule and Latitudinal gradients in species diversity Speciesrichness increases from high latitudes to low latitudes. The peak of the speciesrichness is not at Equator . It is deduced ... north and south and this attests to the fact that speciesrichness and biodiversity is highest here. Fact date September 2007 The gradient of speciesrichness is asymmetrical about the equator. The level of speciesrichness increase rapidly from the north region but decrease slowly from the equator to southern region. Area effect The latitudinal gradients of the speciesrichness may result from ... to higher speciesrichness at lower latitudes than normal. Productivity The latitudinal gradients of species ..., minerals and water as a result, even higher levels of speciesrichness can be allowed at lower latitudes. However, there have been relevant studies showing that speciesrichness and Productivity ecology ... abiotic and disturbance factors, so that the ecosystem effects of speciesrichness number of species ... that increase productivity, such as nutrient addition, often lead to lower speciesrichness because ... log S log c z log A math where S is the number of species, reflecting the speciesrichness sometimes ... richness factor, usually between 20 and 2000 z is the species accumulation factor, usually ... more details
The body size speciesrichness distribution is a pattern observed in the way taxa are distributed over large spatial scales. The number of species that exhibit small body size generally far exceed the number of species that are large bodied. Macroecology has long sought to understand the mechanisms that underlie the patterns of biodiversity , such as the body size speciesrichness pattern. This pattern ..., 2004 ref name McClain2004 McClain CR 2004 Connecting speciesrichness, abundance and body size ... Naturalist 138 6 1478 1512. ref . Introduction The body size speciesrichness pattern see fig. 1 ... scales e.g. a dozen hectares or a local community the body size speciesrichness pattern dissolves ... hectares or a biome the body size speciesrichness distribution begins to shift from being right ... compare the body size speciesrichness distributions of continents to those of communities the distributions ... of Madagascar, New Guinea and Australia do not show a right skewed body size speciesrichness distribution ... N and size M math N M 3 4 math , but it is silent on speciesrichness. Remember, while ... of species on earth and hence the body size speciesrichness pattern. Speciation Rates Small organisms ... undoubtedly have implications for the speciesrichness patterns for both large and small bodied ... is an important mechanism that may underlie the body size speciesrichness pattern. Mainly, dispersal ... likely contributes to the shift in body size speciesrichness distribution observed between continental ... richness pattern see fig. 3 . His equation states that the number of species S is proportional to the length ... a slope of negative two with respect to the right side of the body size speciesrichness ... well with the right side of this body size speciesrichness graph. Redrawn from May 1978 ref ... relationship Range biology Relative species abundance SpeciesRichness References references DEFAULTSORT Body Size And SpeciesRichness Category Biodiversity ... more details
Unreferenced date August 2009 Base richness in ecology is the level in water or soil of Base chemistry chemical base s, such as calcium or magnesium ion s. Many organism s are restricted to base rich or base poor environments. Chemical bases are alkali s, and so base rich environments are pH neutral or alkaline. Because base poor environments have few bases, they are dominated by environmental acid s usually organic acid s and so are pH acidic . However, the relationship between base richness and acidity is not a rigid one &ndash changes in the levels of acids such as Carbonic acid dissolved carbon dioxide may significantly change acidity without affecting base richness. Base rich terrestrial environments are characteristic of areas where the underlying rocks are limestone . Seawater is also base rich, so maritime and Ocean marine environments are themselves base rich. Base poor environments are characteristic of areas where the underlying rocks are sandstone or granite , or where the water is derived directly from rainfall ombrotrophic . Examples of base rich environments Calcareous grassland Fen Limestone pavement Maquis shrubland Taxus Yew woodland Examples of base poor environments Bog Heath habitat Poor fen Moorland Pine woodland Tundra See also Soil Calcicole Calcifuge Category Ecology Category Soil chemistry ecology stub ... more details
Link richness is the quality, possessed by some website s, of having many hyperlink s. Classified advertising sites like Craigslist tend to be very link rich, sometimes with hundreds of links on their main page. They help users find the links they are looking for by grouping links into clusters. Inadequate link richness has been described as frustrating to readers, as it reduces transparency of site content from the main page. ref http www.uie.com articles linkrich home pages Lifestyles of the Link Rich Home Pages Bot generated title ref Students new to wiki collaboration were found to need guidance in how to take full advantage of the medium s potential for creating link rich content. ref citation title Analysis of the use of Wiki based collaborations in enhancing student learning author Cubric, Marija publisher University of Hertfordshire date 2007 url https uhra.herts.ac.uk dspace handle 2299 3672 ref Link richness in some contexts can be distracting, as when an article is surrounded by extraneous links. ref http portal.acm.org citation.cfm?id 775182 DOM based content extraction of HTML documents Bot generated title ref Indeed, it is becoming accepted as a best practice for universities to have link rich home pages that do not rely on user categorisation and exploration of long sequences of links and are not constrained by traditional boundaries between departments. ref http jis.sagepub.com cgi content abstract 25 3 219 Presenting a model for the structure and content of a university World Wide Web site Middleton et al. 25 3 219 Journal of Information Science Bot generated title ref Tools are sometimes needed to make the publishing of link rich web sites tractable, and many people may lack the technical skills, time, or inclination to engage in hand crafting new digital document forms. ref http portal.acm.org citation.cfm?id 274659 From documents to discourse Bot generated title ref A link rich site that is low on content is sometimes referred to as a gateway site ... more details
Media richness theory , sometimes referred to as information richness theory , is a framework to describe ..., which is able to communicate gestures to some extent. Specifically, media richness theory ... than leaner, less rich media. Application Image Media Richness Theory Diagram PNG.png thumb 375px Explanatory diagram. The most immediate and profound application of media richness theory is for senders ... 211 3.html title Media Richness, Social Presence and Technology Supported Communication Activities in Education accessdate 2007 09 04 last Newberry first Brian year 2001 ref Theory Information richness ... information requirements, media richness and structural design . Management Science 32 5 , 554 ... time to convey understanding are less rich. According to Daft and Lengel s theory, media richness ... of the greater number of channels. Criticism Media richness theory was criticized in the past by what ... can influence media use much more strongly than richness, and in ways that are inconsistent with media richness theory s key tenets. ref Markus, M.L. 1994 . http www.jstor.org stable 2635179 Electronic ... in ways that are incompabible with predictions based on media richness theory their paper received ... S. 1997 . http www.misq.org archivist vol no21 issue2 vol21n2art1.html Communication richness in electronic ... 167. ref Ned Kock Kock argued that some of the hypotheses of media richness theory lack a scientific .... ref Kock, N. 2005 . http ieeexplore.ieee.org xpl freeabs all.jsp?arnumber 1435624 Media richness ... richness a new approach to managerial behavior and organizational design. In Cummings, L.L. ... an examination of media richness theory. Information & Management, 35, 295 312. Trevino, L.K., Lengel, R.K. & Daft, R.L. 1987 . Media Symbolism, Media Richness and media Choice in Organizations. Communication ..., N. 1990 . The richness imperative and cognitive style The role of individual differences in media ... Theory 20clusters Mass 20Media Media Richness Theory.doc Universiteit Twente Article ... more details
Other uses Biological classification In biology , a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank . A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding .... Presence of specific locally adapted traits may further subdivide species into subspecies . The commonly used names for plant and animal taxa sometimes correspond to species for example, lion , walrus , and Camphor tree each refers to a species. In other cases common names do not for example, deer refers to a Family biology family of 34 species, including Eld s Deer , Red Deer and Elk Wapiti . The last two species were once considered a single species, illustrating how species boundaries may change with increased scientific knowledge. Species that are believed to have the same ancestors are grouped together, and this group is called a genus . A species can only belong to one genus that it was grouped ..., other similar properties are used. For plants similarities of flowers are used. All species are given ... part of a binomial name is the name of a biological genus generic name , the genus of the species ... is commonly called by its bionomial name, and is one of five species of the Boa genus. The first ... in italics. A usable definition of the word species and reliable methods of identifying particular species are essential for stating and testing biological theories and for measuring biodiversity . Traditionally, multiple examples of a proposed species must be studied for unifying characters before it can be regarded as a species. Extinct species known only from fossils are generally difficult to assign ... numbers of different species in the world, it is estimated that there are anywhere between 2 and 100 million different species. ref name SciDaily Cite web date 2003 05 26 title Just How Many Species ... 01 15 postscript None ref Biologists working definition A usable definition of the word species and reliable methods of identifying particular species is essential for stating and testing biological ... more details
Species diversity is an index that incorporates the number of species in an area and also their Relative species abundance relative abundance . It is a more comprehensive value than speciesrichness . ref name SDI http www.countrysideinfo.co.uk simpsons.htm Simpson s Diversity Index Retrieved 13 March 2010. ref The most common index of species diversity is a family of equations called Simpson index Simpson s Diversity Index . ref Edward H. Simpson 1949 http www.wku.edu smithch biogeog SIMP1949.htm Measurement of diversity Nature journal Nature 163 688. ref Here is one such example ref name SDI D n N sup 2 sup Where n is the total number of organisms of a particular species and N is the total number of organisms of all species. D is the value of diversity. It can range between 0 and 1, where 0 is infinite diversity, and 1 is the least diverse an ecosystem can possibly be i.e. only one species present . Humans have a huge effect on species diversity the main reasons are Habitat destruction Destruction , modification and Habitat fragmentation fragmentation of habitat Introduced species Introduction of exotic species Overharvesting Global climate change See also Portal box Environment Ecology Earth sciences Sustainable development genetic diversity ecosystem diversity biodiversity clear Notes Reflist modelling ecosystems expanded other DEFAULTSORT Species Diversity Category Ecological metrics Category Habitat ecology terminology Category Environmental terminology biosci stub ... more details
in biodiversity . Speciesrichness is the fundamental unit in which to assess the homogeneity of an environment. Therefore, any reduction in speciesrichness, especially endemic species ... first2 J. B. journal Science volume 261 issue 5117 pages 78 ref Using speciesrichness as the unit for which to assess global homogeneity, it appears that anthropogenic assistance in alien species establishment has done much to reduce the number of endemic species, especially on remote islands. Some species poor habitats may, however, benefit in diversity if an invader can occupy an empty niche ... and forestry use a limited number of species. ref Luc Hens and Emmanuel K. Boon http www.multiciencia.unicamp.br ... , MultiCiencia. Human Ecology Department, Belgium. ref About 7,000 plants 2.6 of all plant species have ... of protein derives from a few domesticated species, ie poultry, cattle and pigs. There are about 1,000 commercial fish species, but in aquaculture fewer than 10 species dominate global production ... of species not utilised and not domesticated. ref http www.undp.org biodiversity biodiversitycd ... ref Species migration Species naturally migrate and expand their ranges, utilising new habitats and resources ... that on an average day more than 3,000 species alone are in transit aboard ocean going ... are likely to be unique. Indeed, many species are so well naturalised that they are considered native ... animal species into their former habitats? year 2001 last1 Rees first1 P. A. journal Oryx volume 35 pages 216 ref Introduction of non endemic species and subsequent eradication of species can happen ... similar, as there will simply be less species to formulate difference. See also Latitudinal gradients in species diversity Species gradiants Habitat destruction Introduced species Over exploitation Habitat ... more details
. Evaluating reserves for speciesrichness and representation in northern California. Diversity and Distributions ...Umbrella species are species selected for making wildlife conservation conservation related decisions, typically because protecting these species indirectly protects the many other species that make up the ecological community ecology community of its habitat . Species conservation can be subjective because it is hard to determine the status of many species. With millions of species of concern, the identification of selected keystone species , flagship species or umbrella species makes conservation decisions easier. Umbrella species can be used to help select the locations of potential reserves ... of the Umbrella Species Concept as a Conservation Tool. Conservation Biology , Vol. 18, No. 1, 76 85 ref Definitions Two commonly used definitions A A wide ranging species whose requirements include those of many other species ref Groom, Martha J., Gary K. Meffe and C. Ronald Carroll. 2006. Principles of Conservation Biology. Sunderland, Massachusetts, Sinauer Associates, Inc. ref B A species with large area requirements for which protection of the species offers protection to other species that share ... and Kenji Fukuyama. 2006. A Mechanistic Approach to Evaluation of Umbrella Species as Conservation ... of umbrella species automatically extends protection to other species. i.e. spotted owl ... species, relatively large bodied and wide ranging species of higher vertebrates ref name launer1994 Launer, Alan E. and Dennis D. Murphy. 1994. Umbrella Species and the Conservation of Habitat Fragments ... , Vol. 69, No. 2, 145 153. ref Use in landuse management The use of umbrella species as a conservation ... Miller, Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 18 30. ref who defined an umbrella species as one whose ... that a combination of other tools establish better land management reserves to help protect more species than just using umbrella species alone. Individual invertebrate species can be good umbrella species ... more details
richness. ref http www.earthsky.org radioshows 52945 malanding jaiteh on where species live ... available for download gallery Image North America.jpg SpeciesRichness Map Amphibians Image North America birds.jpg SpeciesRichness Map Birds Image North America mammals.jpg SpeciesRichness Map ...File Juniperus communis range map.gif thumb right 300px A species range maps represents the geographical region where individuals of a species can be found. This is a range map of Juniperus communis, the common juniper. Species distribution is the manner in which a biological taxon is spatially arranged. Species distribution is not to be confused with dispersal, which is the movement of individuals away from their area of origin or from centers of high population density. A similar concept is the species range . A species range is often represented with a species range map. Biogeographers try to understand the factors determining a species distribution. The pattern of distribution is not permanent for each species. Distribution patterns can change seasonally, in response to the availability ... at the time of reproduction. Populations within a species are translocated through many methods ... a wider distribution of aquatic species. Image Population distribution.svg thumb right There are three ... useful in understanding species distribution through factors such as speciation, extinction, continental ... of study not only gives a description of the species distribution, but also a geographical explanation for the distribution of particular species. The traditional biogeographic regions were first modeled ... care. For example, the bald eagle s nest of eaglets exhibits a clumped species distribution because ... plane in particular. Clumped distribution in species acts as a mechanism against predation as well as an efficient ... 1339 ref It has also been observed that extinct and threatened species are more likely to be clumped ... threatened species are far from randomly distributed among taxa and phylogenetic clade s and display ... more details
In Species II a professor named Herman Cromwell, played by Peter Boyle , claims that the original species originated in the Large Magellanic Cloud called the Magellanic Galaxy The only other place ..., in case something from another planet came to visit so that their species could continue to infect other planets in a similar manner. Mankind s first interaction with this particular species occurred ... under the nickname Sil . Physical appearance and growth The Species appear to be sexually dimorphic ... bipedal humanoid forms and appear to be much more agile. Both genders of the Species have skeletal ... their heads which can be used to kill. However, it is unknown whether the Species is patriarchal ... in the movies. Most of the members of the Species seen are actually mutations from humans, but a pure .... In the film novelization of Species , the pure creature was actually a hybrid between the alien ... induced by the species was that of Sil . Sil grew into a visible fetus in a single day and then into a young ... of technological achievement The Species are currently at, however their mentioned mastery of black ..., the Species have not been shown to have space travel capabilities, however in a rejected Species .... In the movie novelization of Species II , the Species had once established a colony on Mars and consumed ... of Spaceflight space travel . However, a character speculates that the Species .... Species Films DEFAULTSORT Species Alien Species Category Species films Category Fictional life forms ... more details
, increases speciesrichness at the landscape scale journal Oecologia volume 132 issue 1 pages ...Image Sea otters holding hands.jpg thumb Sea otter s, an example of a keystone species A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionate effect on its natural environment environment relative ... A Conversation on Refining the Concept of Keystone Species journal Conservation Biology volume 9 issue 4 pages 962 964 doi 10.1046 j.1523 1739.1995.09040962.x ref Such species plays a critical role in maintaining ... and helping to determine the types and numbers of various other species in the community. The role that a keystone species plays in its ecosystem is analogous to the role of a keystone architecture ... species is removed, even though that species was a small part of the ecosystem by measures ... Doak, D.F. year 1993 title The Keystone Species Concept in Ecology and Conservation journal BioScience ..., Vol. 43, No. 4 jstor 1312122 ref History The keystone species concept was coined, in 1969, ref cite web title Keystone Species Hypothesis url http www.washington.edu research pathbreakers 1969g.html ... between Pisaster ochraceus , a species of starfish , and Mytilus californianus , a species ... and Species Diversity journal The American Naturalist volume 100 issue 910 pages 65 75 url http ... doi 10.1086 282400 ref This led to his 1969 paper where he proposed the keystone species concept. ref ... Mussels Given that there are many historical definitions ref cite web title Linking Keystone Species and Functional Groups A New Operational Definition of the Keystone Species Concept url http www.consecol.org ... 2011 02 03 ref of the keystone species concept, and without a consensus on its exact definition, we are left to illustrate the concept of keystone species with a list of examples. A classic keystone species is a small predator that prevents a particular herbivorous species from eliminating dominant plant species. Since the prey numbers are low, the keystone predator numbers can be even lower ... more details
Dominant species may mean Dominant species ecology , one of a small number of species which dominate in an ecological community Dominant Species novel Dominant Species novel by Michael E. Marks Dominant Species video game Dominant Species video game Dominant Species album Dominant Species album , an album by New Zealand singer King Kapisi Disambig ... more details
Wiktionary speciesSpecies is one of the basic units of biological classification. Species may also refer to Chemical species , a common name for atoms, molecules, molecular fragments, ions, etc. Species problem , a mixture of difficult, related questions that often come up when biologists identify species Combinatorial species , an abstract, systematic method for analysing discrete structures in terms of generating functions Counterpoint Species counterpoint Species counterpoint , a relationship between two or more voices in music Species film , a science fiction horror film Species II , the sequel Species III , a direct to video sequel Species The Awakening Species The Awakening , another direct to video sequel Species , the forms bread and wine of the Eucharist , especially in discussion of transubstantiation See also Specie disambiguation , an unrelated term used to refer to coins disambig cs Druh de Species es Especie desambiguaci n it Species hu Faj egy rtelm s t lap nl Species pt Esp cie desambigua o ro Specie dezambiguizare sk Druh sr fi Species sv Species ... more details
The Female of the Species may refer to The Female of the Species Kipling poem , first published in 1911 The Female of the Species play , a comic play written by Joanna Murray Smith and produced in the West End, London, in 2008 Female of the Species , a 1996 song by Space English band The Female of the Species Tales of Mystery and Suspense , an anthology edited by Joyce Carol Oates Female of the Species & Female of the Species Vol2, A 2cd compilation series from Law & Auder Records featuring female electronic musicians from around the world Disambig ... more details
Wildlife species may refer to A taxonomic species found in the wild Evolutionary Significant Unit , a grouping used in conservation which may refer to species, subspecies, or other groups disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 File Kelp forest.jpg thumb Californian kelp forest In ecology , a foundation species is a dominant primary producer in an ecosystem both in terms of abundance and influence. Examples include kelp in kelp forest s and coral s in coral reef s. Keystone species are the engineers of an ecosystem. Ex beavers. See also Keystone species Indicator species Flagship species clear modelling ecosystems DEFAULTSORT Foundation Species Category Ecology Ecology stub ... more details
In wildlife conservation , Species of Concern is an informal term, not defined in the federal Endangered Species Act . The term commonly refers to species that are declining or appear to be in need of concentrated conservation actions. Many agencies and organizations maintain lists of these at risk species. External links http www.nmfs.noaa.gov pr species concern The National Marine Fisheries Species of Concern page Category Conservation in the United States Category United States federal environmental legislation Category United States Fish and Wildlife Service ... more details
Cleanup date April 2010 An Adventive species is one that has arrived in the geographical area specified from somewhere else by any means i.e. through imported plants , but is not self sustaining and whose numbers are only increased through non reproductive means, unlike a Naturalisation biology naturalised species . See also Naturalisation biology Introduced species Invasive species Weed DEFAULTSORT Adventive Species Category Introduced species Category Ecological processes Category Environmental issues with conservation Category Habitat ecology terminology Ecology stub ... more details
Wikify date December 2010 A Species affinis Affinis , abbreviations sp. aff. , Aff. , or Affin. is a species related to but not identical with the named species. ref cite web url http www.cactus art.biz note book Dictionary Dictionary S dictionary species affinis.htm title Species affinis Affinis work Dictionary of botanic terminology publisher cactus art.biz accessdate 2010 12 13 ref Reference reflist DEFAULTSORT Species Affinis Category Taxonomy Biology stub ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2009 Image JCBCP logo.png thumb Project logo showing the use of the Zanzibar Red Colobus as the flagship species for conservation in Zanzibar A flagship species is a species chosen to represent an environmentalism environmental cause, such as an ecosystem in need of conservation biology conservation . These species are chosen for their endangered species vulnerability , attractiveness or distinctiveness in order to engender support and acknowledgment from the public at large. Thus, the concept of a flagship species holds that by giving publicity to a few key species, the support given to those species will successfully leverage conservation of entire ecosystems and all species contained therein. Examples of flagship species include the Asiatic lion and the Bengal tiger of India, the giant panda of China , the golden lion tamarin of Brazil, the African elephant , the mountain gorilla of central Africa , and the orangutan of southeast Asia . See also Keystone species Indicator species Foundation species Charismatic megafauna Umbrella species References Principles of Environmental Science , By Cunninghan and Cunningham 2009, McGraw Hill modelling ecosystems expanded other Category Conservation ko it Specie bandiera fi Lippulaivalaji ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2008 Species sorting , also known as units of selection species selection , is a theory which states that evolution can proceed by the natural selection of traits found at the species level rather than the organismal or genetic level, for example traits such as population size and population structure are properties of populations. This is not to be confused with Georgy Gause Gause s competitive exclusion principle which states that each species will eventually have its own ecological niche as two species cannot occupy the same niche for an unlimited amount of time without extinction. One will be more competitive than the other species. Therefore, if two species with the same niche were left in the same area, eventually one of the species would evolve and participate in Niche differentiation resource partitioning . References Jablonski, D. 2008. Species selection theory and data. Annual Review of Ecology, evolution and systematics 39 501 524 Category Evolutionary biology Biology stub ... more details
A species complex is a group of closely related species, where the exact demarcation between species is often unclear or cryptic owing to their recent and usually still incomplete reproductive isolation . Ring species , superspecies and cryptic species complex are example of species complex. Such groups of species with complex relationship between species may occur in a line undergoing rapid speciation or where such speciaton recently have occurred, so that species separation mechanisms has yet to be fully developed. In such cases speciation may leave some species paraphyletic at the species level. Species complexes are more common among plants , but animal examples exist, such as the dog wolf coyote complex the genus Canis and the cobras genus Naja . Often such complexes only become evident when a new species is introduced into the system, breaking down existing species barriers. An example is the introduction of Spanish slug in Northern Europe , where interbreeding with the local black slug and red slug , traditionally considered clearly separate species that did not interbreed, shows these may actually be subspecies of the same species. ref da icon Engelke, S. 2006? Til Snegleforeningen Note to the Danish Slug society . http www.dansksnegleforening.dk Af 20Sabine 20Engelke.htm Article in Danish ref Examples of known species complexes Animals The wolf dog coyote dingo group, genus Canis The cobras, genus Naja Some species of the roundback slugs, genus Arion gastropod Arion The jellyfish genus Cyanea jellyfish Cyanea , with from 1 to 14 species, depending on author. References reflist speciation Category Speciation Category Evolutionary biology no Artskompleks ... more details
Sibling Species are species very similar in appearance, behavior and other characteristics while they are Reproductive isolation reproductively isolated . See also Sympatric speciation Category Evolutionary biology Category Population genetics Category Speciation de Zwillingsart es Especies gemelas it Sibling species ru stq Twillingstaxa ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 In evolutionary biology , a species flock is a diverse group of closely related species in an isolated area. A species flock may arise when a species penetrates a new geographical area and diversifies to occupy a variety of ecological niche s this process is known as adaptive radiation . The first species flock to be recognized as such was the 13 species of Darwin s finches on the Gal pagos Islands described by Charles Darwin . A species flock may also arise when a species acquires an adaptation that allows it to exploit a new ecological niche. For example, the Notothenioidei Antarctic notothenioid fishes are a species flock of 122 marine fishes that have an adaptation that allows them to survive in the freezing, ice laden waters of the Southern Ocean because of the presence of an antifreeze glycoprotein in their blood and body fluids. The cichlid s are a group of perciform fishes that contains a number of species flocks found in the lakes and rivers of central and southern Africa. DEFAULTSORT Species Flock Category Evolutionary biology Evolution stub de Artenschwarm ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
