In 1767, the 11 year old composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was struck by smallpox . Like all smallpox victims, he was at serious risk of dying, but he survived the disease. This article discusses smallpox .... Smallpox in Mozart s day Main Smallpox History of smallpoxSmallpox in 18th century Europe was a devastating ... for details of the estimated casualties see smallpox . The 18th century was probably a particularly terrible time for smallpox in Europe urbanization had increased crowding, making it easier for the disease to spread ref Hopkins 2002, 62 ref yet effective protection from smallpox was discovered only ... population, something like 10 30 percent of all patients with smallpox would be expected to die. And dying was not easy smallpox was, as Thomas Macaulay Macaulay wrote, the most terrible of all the ministers of death. ref Glynn and Glynn 2008, 2 ref blockquote Those who survived smallpox did not always ... the patient s skin became covered with large, bulging pustules for images, see smallpox ... with live smallpox virus, taken from pustules of the mildest variety of smallpox that could be found. Inoculation offered immunity to smallpox, but the procedure carried a definite risk that the inoculated person could die from smallpox as a result. Thus, many parents felt that they would rather do nothing, risking future smallpox arriving at random, rather than carry out a deliberate act that might ... in 1764 22 February to his landlord and friend Lorenz Hagenauer concerning smallpox blockquote They are trying to persuade me to let my boy be inoculated with smallpox. But as I have expressed sufficiently ... of smallpox The Mozart family Wolfgang, his father Leopold, his mother Anna Maria Mozart Anna Maria ... of smallpox in Vienna at the time. On 28 May of that year, Emperor Joseph II, Holy ... down with smallpox. ref Halliwell 1998, 123 ref Alarmed, Leopold first left Schmalacker s house, taking ..., wrongly, that Nannerl had already had smallpox as a child and so was in less danger see also ... more details
main Smallpox The history of smallpox extends into pre history the disease likely emerged in human population s about 10,000 B.C. ref name Barquet cite journal author Barquet N, Domingo P title Smallpox ... doi 10.1059 0003 4819 127 8 Part 1 199710150 00010 ref The earliest credible evidence of smallpox ... book author Fenner, Frank title Smallpox and Its Eradication History of International Public Health, No. 6 publisher World Health Organization location Geneva url http whqlibdoc.who.int smallpox 9241561106.pdf ... The smallpox story life and death of an old disease journal Microbiol Rev volume 47 issue 4 pages .... ref cite journal author Riedel S title Edward Jenner and the history of smallpox and vaccination pmc ... During the 20th century, it is estimated that smallpox was responsible for 300 500 million deaths. ref cite book author Koplow, David A. title Smallpox the fight to eradicate a global scourge url http ... Poxviruses Such As Smallpox Evade The Immune System , ScienceDaily , February 1, 2008 ref In the early 1950s an estimated 50 million cases of smallpox occurred in the world each year. ref name WHO Factsheet ... the disease and that two million died in that year. ref name WHO Factsheet cite web title Smallpox work WHO Factsheet url http www.who.int mediacentre factsheets smallpox en accessdate 2007 09 22 ref ... of smallpox in December 1979. ref name WHO Factsheet To this day, smallpox is the only ... Book Review The Eradication of Smallpox Edward Jenner and The First and Only Eradication of a Human ... records of smallpox in Europe before the 6th century CE, but it has been suggested that it was a major ..., indicate that it was probably caused by smallpox. ref http www.jstor.org pss 293979 Galen and the Antonine ... outbreaks of smallpox, contemporary records are not detailed enough to make a definite diagnosis. ref cite journal author Barquet N, Domingo P title Smallpox the triumph over the most terrible of the ministers ... DR title The Greatest Killer Smallpox in history edition publisher University of Chicago Press ... more details
Infobox nrhp name Smallpox Hospital nrhp type designated other2 name NYC Landmark designated other2 date ... , PDFlink http www.neighborhoodpreservationcenter.org db bb files SMALLPOX HOSP.pdf Smallpox Hospital ... image Ruins of the Smallpox Hospital 2007.jpg caption Hospital ruins, 2007 location Roosevelt Island ... smallpox cite web last Rosebrook first Ellen url http www.oprhp.state.ny.us hpimaging hp view.asp?GroupView 4883 title National Register of Historic Places nomination, Smallpox Hospital publisher New ... 12 06 ref architecture Gothic Revival ref name smallpox added March 16, 1972 area convert 0.9 acre m2 ref name smallpox governing body Roosevelt Island Operating Corporation ref name smallpox refnum 72000881 ref name nris NRISref 2009a ref The Smallpox Hospital sometimes referred to as the Renwick Smallpox Hospital and later the Maternity and Charity Hospital Training School is an abandoned hospital ... cite web url http www.1010wins.com NYC Set To Open Old Smallpox Hospital to Public 4487585 title NYC Opening Old Smallpox Hospital to Public author date 2009 05 28 work 1010WINS.com publisher WINS ... project, the Smallpox Hospital ruins are open to the public. ref name stable cite news title ... from the ends of the northwest front facade , had mansard roof s. ref name smallpox At the center ... rather than curves, unusual for that architectural style . ref name smallpox History File Renwickhospital1870.jpg ... of the smallpox vaccine , New York City still had large outbreaks of the disease, in part because ... student base. ref name society cite web url http www.rihs.us landmarks renwick.html title Smallpox ... Cavaglieri inspected them both, making plans to reinforce the walls of the Smallpox Hospital. ref ... to save Roosevelt Island Smallpox hospital author Brendan Brosh date 2008 02 18 work publisher New ... Island that includes plans to stabilize the Smallpox Hospital, a memorial to Franklin D. Roosevelt ... project, the Smallpox Hospital ruins will be to the public. ref name stable See also Commonscat ... more details
Image Smallpox vaccine injection.jpg thumb right Smallpox vaccine being administered. The smallpox vaccine ... not catch smallpox . ref cite journal author Stewart AJ, Devlin PM title The history of the smallpox ... to widespread vaccination, mortality rates in individuals with smallpox were high up to 35 in some ... Variolation vial India.jpg thumb right upright An Indian variolation vial containing live smallpox virus. Before the introduction of a vaccine, the mortality of the severe form of smallpox variola ... journal author Bourzac K title Smallpox Historical Review of a Potential Bioterrorist Tool journal ... Publications isbn 0906026369 ref The first clear reference to smallpox inoculation was made by the China ... ref Inoculation for smallpox does not appear to have been widespread in China until the reign era of the Longqing ... Simon and Schuster isbn 0671620282 pages 137 ref In China powdered smallpox scabs were blown up ... 1983 cite journal author Behbehani AM title The smallpox story life and death of an old disease journal ... practice of inoculation against smallpox called variolation. ref http muslimheritage.com topics ... respectively. They both recovered quickly. In 1721, an epidemic of smallpox hit London and left .... The patient would then develop a mild case of smallpox , recover, and thereafter be immune ... Collections Program Contagion, The Boston Smallpox Epidemic, 1721 accessdate 2008 08 27 url http ocp.hul.harvard.edu ... adopted throughout the colonies. ref name Fenner cite book author Fenner, Frank title Smallpox ... to have his American Revolutionary War Revolutionary War troops inoculated during a smallpox ... is thought to have contaminated the cowpox matter the vaccine with smallpox matter he worked in a smallpox ... An attempt at a new analysis of the mortality caused by smallpox and of the advantages of inoculation ... result&resnum 1 ref entitled Cow pox and its ability to prevent smallpox . ref http books.google.co.uk ... not to catch smallpox. He assumed a causal connection. The idea was not taken up by Dr. Ludlow at that time ... more details
Plot date November 2009 Infobox Television show name Smallpox 2002 Silent Weapon image caption aka genre ... catalogue detail.aspx?w2wprogram 101 Smallpox 2002 Silent Weapon is a fictional docudrama produced .... Background The premise of it was one man who, in 2002, creates the smallpox virus himself, infects ... good ref http www.guardian.co.uk media 2002 feb 06 firstnight.broadcasting Smallpox 2002 Silent Weapon ... to overnight returns ref http www.guardian.co.uk media 2002 feb 06 overnights Smallpox proves infectious ... launched a vaccination campaign to rid the world of smallpox forever. By 1980 they had succeeded ... at a case of smallpox. To establish how widespread the outbreak might be, the Department of Health ... cases of smallpox had been identified. It would take 24 hours before the disease could be confirmed ... to the virus, and quarantine anybody who had contracted smallpox. Since there were only a handful of cases, no one had died and it was still not confirmed as smallpox, the other members of the meeting ... Organization was checking for any smallpox outbreaks elsewhere in the world. But none had been reported ... and other Hemorrhage hemorrhagic diseases, but at the time there was no question as to smallpox ... had still not been diagnosed. At 2 10 A.M. that morning the doctors heard about the possible smallpox outbreak in New York on CNN . They knew that in 3 of smallpox victims there are hemorrhagic symptoms ... for Disease Control and Prevention CDC in Atlanta identified the strain of smallpox as India 1 this proved ... to eradicate smallpox. But this was the height of the Cold War . Unwittingly many of the Soviet doctors were sending smallpox samples back to the Military of the Soviet Union Soviet military . To the generals, the eradication of the disease presented a unique opportunity. If there was no smallpox ... on smallpox would be the most powerful and effective weapon ever created to eliminate human life. In the 1980s ... of smallpox. The major strain used in the Soviet Union was codenamed India 1. It was highly virulent ... more details
The 1974 smallpox epidemic of India was one of the worst smallpox epidemics of 20th century. At least 15,000 people died of smallpox between January to May 1974, mainly in the Indian states of Bihar , Orissa and West Bengal . There were thousands who survived but were disfigured or blinded. India reported 61,482 cases of smallpox to WHO in these five months. India had over 86 of the world s smallpox cases in 1974, primarily due to this epidemic. ref name chart http www.smallpoxhistory.ucl.ac.uk ref By 1980, smallpox was certified as being eradicated from the world. It occurred during the World Health Organization s smallpox eradication program, and was important to the project because Indians considered smallpox to be a routine fact of life. ref name book http 66.114.0.13 9797 MuseSessionID fbf63e29d71375bdc553d2a9ba578ecd MuseHost www.worldbookonline.com MusePath student printmedia?id bt175097 ref Donald Henderson , who was a U.S. Public Health Services Officer stationed in New Delhi, said that If this interest and concern about ending smallpox can be maintained for the next few months, it s all over. We don t think we re overconfident, but everything looks good. By June of 1975, we hope we ll be finished with smallpox in Asia. ref name book References references DEFAULTSORT 1974 Smallpox Epidemic In India Category Smallpox Category 1974 in India Smallpox Epidemic In India, 1974 Category Health problems in India Category Epidemics in India Category Disasters in Bihar Disaster stub infectious disease stub india hist stub ... more details
Image Smallpox PHIL 2003 lores.jpg thumb Patient with smallpox, Kosovo, Yugoslavia epidemic, March and April 1972. The 1972 outbreak of smallpox in Yugoslavia was the last major outbreak of smallpox in Europe ... of Yugoslavia . A Muslim pilgrim had contracted the smallpox virus in the Middle East. Upon returning ... Variola Vera is based on the event. Background By 1972, vaccination for smallpox had long been widely ... had been regularly vaccinated against smallpox for 50 years, and the last case was reported in 1930 ..., where smallpox was endemic, to Mashhad in Iran, triggering a massive epidemic of smallpox in Iran that would last until September 1972. By late 1971, smallpox infected devotees on pilgrimage had carried the smallpox from Iran into Syria and Iraq. The outbreak In early 1972, a 38 year old Kosovo Albanian ... pilgrimage to Mecca . He also visited holy sites in Iraq , where there were known cases of smallpox ... smallpox is a virus, so this was ineffective . His condition didn t improve, and after a couple ... form of smallpox. Before his death, Musa directly infected 38 people including nine doctors and nurses , eight of whom would consequently die. A few days after Musa s death, a wave of 140 smallpox ... were held under guard by the army. Musa s brother developed a smallpox rash on March 20, resulting in medical authorities realising that Musa had died of smallpox. The authorities undertook a massive ... population of 18 million people was vaccinated. . Leading experts on smallpox were flown in to help ... life. During the epidemic, 175 people contracted smallpox and 35 of them died. Legacy The Yugoslav ... in the eradication of smallpox. In 1982, Serbian director Goran Markovi film director Goran Markovi .... In 2002, the BBC screened a television drama called Smallpox 2002 , which was partly inspired by the events ... infected with the smallpox virus. February 16 Hoti feels unwell. February 21 Latif Musa, a thirty year ... contagious form of smallpox. Between March 3 and March 9 Musa is misdiagnosed and moved to hospitals ... more details
The smallpox epidemic that ravaged the people of the Great Plains in 1837 and 1838 was believed to have begun in spring of 1837 when a deckhand became ill aboard an American Fur Company steamboat named S.S. St. Peter . ref name Garneau Garneau ref The steamboat traveling up the Missouri River to Fort Union from St. Louis, docked at Fort Clark near the two earth lodge villages of the Mandan people on June 18, 1837. The disease spread to the Mandan people. ref name ReferenceA S.S. St. Peter s & the 1837 Small Pox Epidemic ref In July 1837, the Mandan numbered no more than 2,000, by October that number had dwindled to 138. On August 11, Francis Chadron , a trader at Fort Clark, wrote, I Keep no a c of the dead, as they die so fast it is impossible . ref name Calloway, p.265 Calloway, p.265 ref By the time the S.S. St. Peter made it to Fort Union several deck hands had died, but only Jacob Halsey , an American Fur Company clerk, showed visible signs of the disease. In an attempt to stop the spread of the disease fort personnel performed primitive inoculations. Pus from Halsey s skin eruptions were used to inoculate approximately thirty Native American women and several white men living in or around the fort. Within two weeks, the women who received the inoculations began dying from the disease. ref name ReferenceA As the disease reached a peak at Fort Union bands of Native Americans continued to arrive at the fort for trade. Halsey wrote I sent our interpreter to meet them on every ... Mandan Indians by distributing blankets that had been exposed to smallpox, and reported Professor Churchill ... introduction of smallpox occurred at the time and place Churchill claimed it had. ref http hal.lamar.edu ... Hole. 28 Jan. 2007. 12 Nov. 2007 on http home.att.net mman StPetersSmallPox.htm SmallPox home.att.net DEFAULTSORT 1837 1838 Smallpox Epidemic Category Smallpox Category Epidemics Category 1830s in the United States Smallpox epidemic Category 1837 in the United States Category 1838 in the United States ... more details
Summary Information Description USPHS Smallpox Eradication Ribbon Source I created this work entirely by myself. Date 14 March 2009 Author User SGT141 SGT141 other versions Licensing PD self date August 2008 ... more details
The 1775 1782 North American smallpox epidemic was a smallpox epidemic that spread across most of the continent of North America. The epidemic coincided with the years of the American Revolutionary War 1775 1782 , which was gripping much of the continent from the colonies, western frontiers, and southern Canada. By its end the epidemic had spread as far west as the pacific coast, as far north as Alaska and as far south as Mexico, infecting virtually every part of the continent. Though no certain statistics exist it is estimated to have killed more than 130,000 people. It is not known how or where the outbreak began, but in 1775 it was already raging through British occupied Boston and among the Continental Army invading Quebec invasion of Canada . During Washington s siege of Boston the disease broke out among both Continental and British camps. Many escaped slaves who had fled to the British lines in the South likewise contracted the virus and died. The epidemic was not limited to the colonies on the Eastern seaboard, nor to the areas ravaged by hostilities. The outbreak spread deep into the South, including Texas. From 1778 1779 New Orleans was especially hard hit due to its densely populated urban area. By 1779 the disease had spread to Mexico and would cause the deaths of tens of thousands. The epidemic spread through the Great Plains, likely through the travels of the Shoshone Indian tribes. Beginning in 1780 it had reached the Pueblo Indians Pueblos of the territory comprising present day New Mexico . It also showed up in the interior trading posts of the Hudson s Bay ... Pox Americana The Great Smallpox Epidemic of 1775 82 year 2001 publisher Hill and Wang isbn 0 8090 ... Houston, MD title Smallpox its control in Canada url http www.cmaj.ca cgi content full 161 12 1543 ... issue 12 pages 1543 date December 1999 pmid 10624414 DEFAULTSORT 1775 1782 North American Smallpox Epidemic Category Smallpox Category Epidemics Category American Revolutionary War Category 18th century ... more details
Black pox is a symptom of smallpox that is caused by bleeding under the skin which makes the skin look char red or black. It was more common in teenagers. This symptom usually indicates that a patient with smallpox is going to death die . A Physician doctor who encountered black pox stated that Doctors separate black pox into two forms&mdash flat smallpox and Hemorrhage hemorrhagic smallpox. In a case of flat smallpox, the skin remains smooth and doesn t pustulate , but it darkens until it looks charred, and it can slip or fall off the body in sheets, sometimes all of it, causing instant death, though that is very rare. In hemorrhagic smallpox, black, clot unclotted blood oozes or runs from the mouth and other body orifice s. Black pox is close to one hundred percent wiktionary fatal fatal . If any sign of it appears in the body, the victim will almost certainly die. In the hemorrhagic cases, the virus destroys the linings of the throat , the stomach , the intestines , the rectum , and the vagina , and these mucous membrane membrane s disintegrate. Fatal smallpox can destroy the body s entire skin &mdash both the exterior skin and the interior skin that lines the passages of the body. ref Richard Preston, http cryptome.org smallpox wmd.htm The Demon in the Freezer , The New Yorker, July 12, 1999, pp. 44 61. ref See also Smallpox Thrombocytopenia Orthopoxvirus References reflist Category Symptoms Category Smallpox disease stub ... more details
Variola may refer to Variola caprina , the virus that causes goatpox Variola major, the virus that causes smallpox Variola minor, the virus that causes a variant of smallpox Variola porcina, the virus that causes swinepox Variola Serranidae , a genus of fish Variola Vera , a 1982 Serbian film disambig de Variola it Variola ... more details
Picture of Marc Strassburg, Peace Corps volunteer, circa 1971 working in Tepi Kaffa Province, Ethiopia, for the World Health Organization s Smallpox Eradication Program. Having just returned to a village which had cases of smallpox to check that the smallpox vaccinations were successful and for the Guber in my arms it definitely was Taken with his own camera 1 2 frame Fujica mini. PD self date October 2006 ... more details
wiktionarypar pockmark Pockmark may refer to acne scarring &mdash resulting from acne or infections such as chicken pox the scarring of smallpox Pockmark geology &mdash a geological formation See also Pimple disambig pt Pockmark ... more details
Summary Tomb of Benjamin Jesty and ELizabeth Jesty in churchyard at Worth Matravers . He carried out the first immunisation with Cowpox intended to prevent Smallpox . Taken by Adrian Midgley Licensing GFDL self with disclaimers migration relicense ... more details
Ali Maow Maalin was the last person on earth known to be infected with naturally occurring Variola minor smallpox . At age 23, Maalin was a cook at the hospital in the town of Merca , Somalia , as well as an occasional vaccinator for a World Health Organization smallpox eradication team. Maalin had been given the smallpox vaccine , though later, it was found to have been botched, and therefore, unsuccessful. ref http www.pbs.org wgbh rxforsurvival series video c wil dis smallpox2 qt h.html ref In October 1977, he went out to meet two children with smallpox symptoms being brought in from an outlying village. On 26 October 1977, he was diagnosed with an infection of alastrim , the Variola minor strain of smallpox. This necessitated a concerted effort by the World Health Organization to ensure that his case, the last on earth, would not spread further. He subsequently recovered fully. Maalin volunteered in the successful effort to eradicate polio in Somalia in 2008. ref http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi world africa 7312603.stm War torn Somalia eradicates polio , BBC News , 25 March 2008 ref See also Rahima Banu Janet Parker Notes and references Reflist External links http www.historyofvaccines.org content articles smallpox History of Vaccines website Smallpox , published by the College of Physicians of Philadelphia http www.pbs.org wgbh rxforsurvival series video d sma1 dis smallpox2.html The End of Smallpox Part II The Last Case , PBS Rx for Survival, streaming video Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Maalin, Ali Maow ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1954 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Maalin, Ali Maow Category Living people Category 1954 births Category Ethnic Somali people Category Smallpox Somalia bio stub ... more details
Summary Public Health Advisor Tony Masso examining a child with smallpox in Niger, 1967. Source CDC Public Health Image Library. Licensing PD USGov HHS CDC ... more details
unreferenced date December 2008 In Dahomey mythology , Shakpana or Sopono, Sakpata is the divinity of smallpox. He inflicted insanity and disease on humans . The equivalent in Yoruba mythology is Sopona , and in Orisha , Babalu Aye . Category Yoruba gods Category Dahomey gods Category Health gods Category African mythology Category Smallpox deities Africa myth stub es Sakpata pt Sakpata ... more details
Calf lymph was the name given ref BMA 1905 &mdash for example &mdash Calf lymph is now available for the vaccination of every child in the country page 21. ref to a type of smallpox vaccine used in the 19th century, and which was still manufactured up to the 1970s. History Calf lymph was known as early as 1805 in Italy ref Galbiati G. Memoria Sulla Inoculazione Vaccina coll Umore Ricavato Immediatement dalla Vacca Precedentemente Inoculata. Napoli, 1810. ref , but it was the Lyon Medical Conference of 1864 which made the technique known to the wider world. ref Congr s Medical de Lyon. Compterendu des travaux et des discussions. Gazette Med Lyon 19 449 47 1, 1864. ref In 1898 calf lymph became the standard method of vaccination for smallpox in the United Kingdom , when arm to arm vaccination was eventually banned ref Edward Brown, The Case for vaccination pages 8 and 21, and J.A. Dudgeon. Development of smallpox vaccine in England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries BMJ 1963. 1 1367 1372. ref due to complications such as the simultaneous transmission of syphilis . See also Dryvax References Facts about smallpox and vaccination British Medical Association, 1905 Footnotes references External links http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books bv.fcgi?rid vacc.chapter.3 Henderson and Moss chapter on smallpox Category Vaccines Pharma stub ... more details
The Demon in the Freezer is a 2002 non fiction book on the biological weapon agents smallpox and anthrax ... is primarily an account of the Smallpox Eradication Smallpox Eradication Program 1967 80 , the ongoing perception by the U.S. government that smallpox is still a potential bioterrorism agent, and the controversy over whether or not the remaining samples of smallpox virus in Atlanta and Moscow ... and so much of the book interweaves the anthrax investigation with the smallpox material in an awkward ... attacks on Sen. Tom Daschle s office in October 2001, he flashes back to a 1970s smallpox outbreak ... of the smallpox eradication campaign, one of the greatest feats in the history of public health ... archives.cnn.com 2002 SHOWBIZ books 10 07 ew.review.book.demon.freezer Review Gripping book about smallpox ... anthrax events were in a book primarily devoted to smallpox. The author s website explains ... Diseases USAMRIID are detailed. Section 2, The Dreaming Demon , looks back to an outbreak of smallpox ... of smallpox in particular. The story of the SEP Smallpox Eradication Program, referred ... as his Indian guru, Neem Karoli Baba exhorts him in 1970 to join the SEP and go eradicate smallpox ... resistant anthrax and their smallpox program at the site known as State Research Center of Virology ... plague and smallpox is revealed. Various biological weapon facilities in Russia and Iraq are described ... of the WHO has hotly debated since 1980 over the fate of the remaining samples of smallpox ... scientist Peter Jahrling has been against it on the basis that further research is needed since smallpox ... scientists to get approval to do smallpox research on animals is described including the FDA ... of the question of whether animals can be infected with smallpox. The development of a lethal ... are described. Finally, the awakening of the smallpox at the CDC s MCF West in 2001 by US Army investigators to induce smallpox disease in monkeys for the first time is dramatically recounted. Section ... more details
Dryvax is a freeze dried calf lymph smallpox vaccine . It is the world s oldest smallpox vaccine, created in the late 19th century by American Home Products, a predecessor of Wyeth . By the 1940s, Wyeth was the leading United States US manufacturer of the vaccine and the only manufacturer by the 1960s. After world health authorities declared smallpox had been eradicated from nature in 1980, Wyeth stopped making the vaccine. ref name APnews cite web url http hosted.ap.org dynamic stories S SMALLPOX VACCINE?SITE NMALJ&SECTION HOME&TEMPLATE DEFAULT&CTIME 2008 02 29 18 22 12 title CDC to Destroy Oldest Smallpox Vaccine accessdate 2008 03 02 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref File Dryvax.jpg left thumb The smallpox vaccine diluent in a syringe along side a vial of Dryvax dried smallpox vaccine. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC kept a stockpile of the drug to use in case of emergency. In 2003 this supply helped contain an outbreak of monkeypox in the United States. In February 2008 the CDC disposed of the last of its 12 million doses of Dryvax. Its supply is being replaced by ACAM2000 , a more modern product manufactured in laboratories by http www.acambis.com Acambis ref name APnews Dryvax is a live virus preparation of vaccinia prepared from calf lymph. Trace amounts of the following antibiotics added during processing may be present neomycin sulfate , chlortetracycline hydrochloride , polymyxin B sulfate, and dihydrostreptomycin sulfate . ref Wyeth package insert U.S. Food and Drug administration ref References reflist Vaccines Category Vaccines vaccine stub ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 B03 ICD9 ICD9 050.1 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D012899 Alastrim , also known as variola minor , is the milder strain of the variola virus that causes smallpox . Variola minor is of the genus orthopoxvirus , which are DNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of the affected cell, rather than in its cell nucleus nucleus . Like variola major, alastrim is spread through inhalation of the virus in the air, which can occur through face to face contact or though fomites . Contagion with variola minor confers immunity against its more dangerous form, variola major. Variola minor is a less common form of the virus, and much less deadly. Although alastrim has the same incubation period and pathogenetic stages as smallpox, alastrim is believed to have a mortality rate of less than 1 , as compared to smallpox s 30 . Because alastrim is a less debilitating disease than smallpox, patients are more frequently ambulant and thus able to infect others more rapidly. As such, variola minor swept through the USA, Great Britain, and South Africa in the early 20th century, becoming the dominant form of the disease in those areas and thus rapidly decreasing mortality rates. Other names for alastrim include white pox, kaffir pox, Cuban itch, West Indian pox, milk pox, and pseudovariola. Like smallpox, Alastrim has now been totally eradicated from the globe thanks to the 1960s Global Smallpox Eradication campaign. The last case of indigenous variola minor was reported in a Somalian cook, Ali Maow Maalin , in October 1977, and smallpox was officially declared eradicated worldwide in May of 1980. Viral cutaneous conditions Category infectious diseases it Alastrim ... more details
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