held a debate on Bedouin Arabic usage between Sibawayh, representing the Basra school, and Kisa i , the leading figure in the rival school of Kufa . Sibawayh emerged from this contest totally dejected ... is said to have left Iraq and retired to Sh r z after the debate. Legacy Sibawayh, a non Arab, was the first ... needed date February 2007 , is even more difficult for those who, like Sibawayh Citation needed ... mark all pronounced vowel sounds, as the erroneous Arab misreading Sibawayh of what obviously should ... and Philadelphia John Benjamins Publishing Company 1988. ISBN 90 272 4528 2. Al Nassir, A.A. Sibawayh .... http www.al eman.com Islamlib viewtoc.asp?BID 205 Sibawayh s Kit b online in Arabic at http ... Arabic Wikisource Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Sibawayh ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT ... roa rup Sibawayh de Sibawayhi fa fr S bawayh he nl Sibawayh ja ru ... more details
Infobox Muslim scholars notability Muslim scholar era image caption name Hammad ibn Salamah title Mufti al Basra birth date death date 167 AH 783 CE ethnicity region Maddhab school tradition Sunni main interests Hadith , Arabic language notable ideas works influences influenced Sibawayh ref name harun Hammad ibn Salamah ibn Dinar al Basri lang ar died 167 AH 783 CE ref name harun , the son of Salamah ibn Dinar , was Basra s mufti , a prominent narrator of hadith and one of the earliest grammarians of the Arabic language , who had a great influence on his student, Sibawayh . ref name harun Citation last S bawayh first Amr ibn Uthm n publication date 1988 editor last H r n editor first Abd al Sal m Mu ammad title Al Kit b Kit b S bawayh Ab Bishr Amr ibn Uthm n ibn Qanbar edition 3rd publication place Cairo publisher Maktabat al Kh nj volume Introduction pages 8 9 ref He was a client mawla of either Banu Tamim or Quraysh tribe Quraysh . ref name harun References Reflist Categories Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Hammad Ibn Salamah ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 783 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Hammad Ibn Salamah Category 783 deaths Category Arab grammarians Category Hadith narrators Category Jurists of Islamic law Category Sunni Muslim scholars Category Medieval Arabic linguists Islam bio stub ar ... more details
Abu al Kha b Abd al am d ibn Abd al Maj d lang ar died 177 AH 793 CE , commonly known as Al Akhfash al Akbar lang ar was a notable Arab grammarian. He was born in Hajar, Bahrain but lived in Basra . His most notable students were Sibawayh ref name harun Citation last S bawayh first Amr ibn Uthm n publication date 1988 editor last H r n editor first Abd al Sal m Mu ammad title Al Kit b Kit b S bawayh Ab Bishr Amr ibn Uthm n ibn Qanbar edition 3rd publication place Cairo publisher Maktabat al Kh nj volume Introduction page 9 ref , Yunus ibn Habib ref name harun , Abu Ubaydah Ma mar ibn al Muthanna , Abu Zayd al Ansari and Al Asma i . References Reflist Categories Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Al Akhfash Al Akbar ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Grammarian DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH Hajar, Bahrain DATE OF DEATH 793 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Al Akhfash Al Akbar Category 793 deaths Category Arab grammarians Category Medieval Arabic linguists Islam bio stub Linguist stub ... more details
Mubarrad or Mobarrad , full name Abu Al Abbas Muhammad Ibn Yazid, March 25, 826, Basra October, 898, Baghdad was an Arab Arabic grammar grammarian . After studying grammar in that city, he was called to the court of the Abbasid caliph al Mutawakkil at Samarra in 860. When the caliph was killed in 861, he went to Baghdad , remaining there most of his life as a teacher. Al Mubarrad became the leader of the Basran grammarians against the Kufa n school. His judgment, however, was independent, as is shown by his attack on some points in the grammar of Sibawayh , the greatest writer of his own school. He died at Baghdad in 898. His main work is the grammatical one known as the Al Kamil The Perfect One , which has been edited by W. Wright Leipzig , 1864 seq. , and published at Constantinople 1869 and Cairo 1891 . It was also edited more recently by Muhammad Dali Beirut , 1406 1986 . Two or three other works exist in manuscript cf. C. Brockelmann, Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur , i.109 Weimar , 1898 . Al Mubarrad s writings are considered to be the first source recounting the story that Shahrbanu or Shahr Banu &mdash eldest daughter of Yazdegerd III , the last Emperor of the Sassanid dynasty of Persia Iran &mdash had married Hussain ibn Ali , the Prophet Muhammad s grandson and the third Shia Imam and that she gave birth to Ali Zayn al Abidin the fourth Shia Imam . References 1911 article Mubarrad url http www.1911encyclopedia.org Mubarrad Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Mubarrad ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 826 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 898 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Mubarrad Category Arab people Category 826 births Category 898 deaths Category Medieval Arabic linguists ar ca Al Mubarrad fr Al Moubarred ... more details
Yunus ibn Habib lang ar died after 183 AH 798 CE was a reputable 8th century Arab linguist . His notable teachers include Hammad ibn Salamah from whom he took knowledge in Arabic grammar , Al Akhfash al Akbar and Abu Amr ibn al Ala ref name harun Citation last S bawayh first Amr ibn Uthm n publication date 1988 editor last H r n editor first Abd al Sal m Mu ammad title Al Kit b Kit b S bawayh Ab Bishr Amr ibn Uthm n ibn Qanbar edition 3rd publication place Cairo publisher Maktabat al Kh nj volume Introduction pages 9 11 ref . His students include Sibawayh , Al ibn amzah al Kis , Ya y ibn Ziy d al Farr and Abu Ubaydah Ma mar ibn al Muthanna . ref name harun Works List of known works by Yunus ibn Habib ref name harun Kit b ma n al Qur n Kit b al lugh t Kit b al naw dir al kab r Kit b al naw dir al agh r Kit b al amth l References Reflist Categories Category Arab grammarians Category Arab writers Category 8th century writers Category Medieval Arabic linguists Islam bio stub Linguist stub ... more details
Abu Zayd Sa id ibn Aws al Ansari lang ar died 830 CE 215 AH was an Arab linguist and a reputable narrator of hadith . ref name harun Citation last S bawayh first Amr ibn Uthm n publication date 1988 editor last H r n editor first Abd al Sal m Mu ammad title Al Kit b Kit b S bawayh Ab Bishr Amr ibn Uthm n ibn Qanbar edition 3rd publication place Cairo publisher Maktabat al Kh nj volume Introduction pages 12 13 ref Sibawayh was one of his pupils. ref name harun His father was Aws ibn Thabit also a hadith narrator, while his grandfather Thabit ibn Bashir was one of the three scribes who wrote down the Qur an during Muhammad s era. ref name harun He died in Basra, Iraq . ref name harun References Reflist Categories Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Said Ibn Aws Al Ansari ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Linguist and a reputable narrator of hadith DATE OF BIRTH PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 830 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Said Ibn Aws Al Ansari Category Medieval Arabic linguists Category Arab grammarians Category Hadith narrators Category 830 deaths islam bio stub Linguist stub ... more details
Refimprove date December 2010 Infobox Muslim scholars notability Muslim Lexicography lexicographer era image caption name Al Far h di title Abqar al lughah birth date 110 AH 718 CE ref name harun Citation last S bawayh first Amr ibn Uthm n publication date 1988 editor last H r n editor first Abd al Sal m Mu ammad title Al Kit b Kit b S bawayh Ab Bishr Amr ibn Uthm n ibn Qanbar edition 3rd publication place Cairo publisher Maktabat al Kh nj volume Introduction pages 11 12 ref br Oman death date 175 AH 791 CE ref name harun br Basra, Iraq ethnicity region Maddhab school tradition Ibadi main interests Lexicography , Philology notable ideas Harakat , Arabic prosody works Kitab al Ayn influences Abu Amr ibn al Ala ref name harun influenced Sibawayh , ref name harun Al Asma i Abu Abd ar Rahm n al Khal l ibn Ahmad al Far h d lang ar script Arab DIN 31635 DMG al al l b. A mad al Far h d , Ab Abd ar Ra m n c. 718&ndash c. 791 , more commonly known as al Farahidi, was a philologist from southern Arabia modern day Oman . His best known contributions are Kitab al Ayn lang ar , considered the first dictionary of the Arabic language , the current standard for Harakat vowel marks in Arabic script , and the invention al arud the study of Arabic prosody poetry prosody . He moved to Basra , Iraq . He was a great scholar, and Ibadi , Sibawayh ref name harun and Al Asma i were among his students. Kitab al Ayn Kitab al Ayn Ayn is the deepest letter in Arabic, al Ayn also means a water source in the desert , while started by Khalil ibn Ahmad was probably completed by one of his students, Al Layth ibn Al Muzaffar. It was titled The source because the goal of its author was to clarify those words which were composed the original or source Arabic vocabulary. The dictionary was not arranged alphabetically but rather by phonetics, following the pattern of pronunciation of the Arabic alphabet from the deepest letter of the throat ... more details
Infobox scholar image image size alt caption name Abd al Qahir al Jurjani fullname Abu Bakr Abd al Q hir bin Abd ar Rahman bin Muhammad al Jurj n other names birth date birth place Gorgan, Iran death date 1078 AD Death date and age YYYY MM DD YYYY MM DD death place era region school tradition main interests literary theory, grammar notable ideas major works al Maghna fi Sharh al Idah influences Sibawayh, Abi Helal al Askari al Balaghi, Abu Ali al Farisi influenced Abu Bakr Abd al Q hir bin Abd ar Rahman bin Muhammad al Jurj n 400 471 or 474 A.H. died 1078 AD ref name Britannica cite encyclopedia year 1978 title Jurj n , al encyclopedia Encyclop dia Britannica edition 15th ref was a renowned Persian people Persian scholar of the Arabic language , literary theorist, grammarian and Shafi i Shafi i Muslim . al Jurj n was an Ahsa ari descendant, and born in the town of Gorgan in Iran . al Jurj n is said not to have left his home town of Gorgan all his life, yet his reputation reached many Arabic scholars who came to see him. He excelled in the two sciences of ilm al balaghah eloquence and rhetorical art and ilm al bayan a branch of Arabic rhetoric dealing with metaphor ical language , which he explained in his two books Asrar al Balaghah Secrets of Rheotric , and Dala il al Ijaz Intimations of Inimitability . Al Jurj n was influenced by his predecessors such as the grammarian Sibawayh , the critic Abi Helal al Askari al Balaghi , and the linguist and literary theorist Abu Ali al Farisi , known for his book al Idah Elucidation . Ali al Farisi s nephew, Abi al Hussein Muhammad Bin al Hassan Bin Abd al Wareth al Faressi al Nawawi, was al Jurj n s teacher, and used al Idah to teach al Jurj n . Later al Jurj n was to write a thirty volume work of commentary al Idah entitled al Maghna fi Sharh al Idah translation? . In modern critical opinion In his volume Asrar al Balaghah , Muhammad Abdul Mun em Khafagi writes the Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure Saussure s theory ... more details
Hamzat wa l volatile or not. The majority opinion is that of Sibawayh d. ca. 797 who considers the hamza ... hamza, the two hamzas mix. ref Sibawayh, v. 3 p. 358 ref For example, when the word ... Arabic, the opinion of Sibawayh is often taken as an axiomatic fact. ref Zajj j . L m t. p. 19 20 ref ... included due to their similarities in pronunciation with l m and , respectively. ref Sibawayh, v ... as in the following couplet ref Sibawayh, v. 3 p. 359 ref center span style font size 150 ... to the classical book of Arabic grammar written by Sibawayh. Whenever grammarians talk about the book ... here. Grammar At the beginning of particles arf and verbs fi l Al is a particle arf ref Sibawayh ... more details
Persian Studies is the study of the Persian language and its Persian literature literature specifically. It is differentiated from Iranian Studies which is a broader, more interdisciplinary subject that focuses more on the History of Iran histories and Culture of Iran cultures of all Iranian peoples . History of Persian Studies in Iran Before Islam The study of language in Iran reaches back many centuries before Islam . The Avestan alphabet , developed during the Sassanid Empire , was derived from the Pahlavi alphabet and remained one of the most Phonology phonologically sophisticated alphabets until the modern period. The Zoroastrianism Zoroastrian liturgies until that point had been orally transmitted, and the ability to set these ancient texts in writing helped to preserve them. ref Windfuhr, Gernot L. Notes on Motivations in the Study of Persian. Persian Studies in North America Studies in honor of Mohammad Ali Jazayery. Ed. Mehdi Marashi. Bethesda Iranbooks, 1994 . ref Even earlier than that, however, the invention of the Old Persian cuneiform script Old Persian syllabary , whose shapes were adapted from preexisting Cuneiform script cuneiform systems demonstrates that Iranian peoples could think critically, logically, and imaginatively about their language. Early Islam The coming of Islam announced the end of the world of Late Antiquity Antiquity and the replacement of Zoroastrianism with Islam as the most important faith of the Iranian plateau . Iran became part of the great Islamic community, the Ummah , and saw the rise of Arabic language Arabic as the new language of Arabic literature literature and learning. Iranian born grammarians, rhetoricians, scientists, philosophers, theologians, contributed to the intellectual vitality of this new and vibrant civilization alongside other Muslims from other nationalities. Among the most prominent are Sibawayh Arabic language Arabic S bawayh c. 760 CE who wrote one of the first grammars of Arabic Avicenna Arabi ... more details
The list is not comprehensive, but is continuously being expanded and includes Persian language Persian writers and poets from Iran , Iraq , Turkey , Pakistan , Syria , Afghanistan , Turkmenistan , Tajikistan , Uzbekistan , Lebanon , Azerbaijan and India Greater Iran Greater Persia . This list is alphabetized by chronological order. Although a few authors in this list do not have their ethnic origin in the Iranian people , nevertheless they have enriched Persian culture and civilization by their remarkable contributions to the rich Persian literature. The modern Persian speaker comprehends the literature of the earliest Persian poets including founder of the Persian poetry and literature Rudaki ref http www.iranchamber.com literature roudaki roudaki.php Iranchamber.com ref approximately 1150 years ago all the way down to the works of modern Persian poets. Some names that lived during the turn of a century appear twice. From the 7th to the 8th centuries Image Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Musa al Khwarizmi edit.png thumb right Khwarizmi 180px Muhammad ibn Zakariya al Razi Muhammad ibn M s al Khw rizm Abdullah Ibn al Muqaffa Muhammad al Bukhari Bukhari Sibawayh Baladhuri 9th century Image Rudaki reconstruction.jpg thumb 180px right Rudaki Rudaki Mansur Al Hallaj Shahid Balkhi 10th century File Ferdowsi tehran.jpg thumb right 180px Ferdowsi Ferdowsi Abusaeid Abolkheir Rudaki Abu Mansur Daqiqi Mansur Al Hallaj Abolfazl Beyhaghi , historian Unsuri Rabi a Balkhi Asjadi Farrukhi Sistani Kisai Marvazi Abu Shakur Balkhi Ayyuqi Mahsati Ganjavi Khwaja Abdullah Ansari 11th century Image Omar Khayyam.JPG right thumb 180px Statue of Omar Khayyam in Iran . Abu l Hasan Mihyar al Daylami d. 1037 Asad Gorgani Asjadi Ferdowsi , poet 925 1 ... more details
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