A sequenceprofilingtool in bioinformatics is a type of software that presents information related to a gene tic sequence, gene name, or keyword input. Such tools generally take a query such as a DNA , RNA , or protein sequence or keyword and search one or more database s for information related to that sequence ... data based profilers Image SEQUEROME display.JPG thumb 350px Display of sequenceprofiling features on a http www.sequerome.org SEQUEROME browser A typical sequenceprofilingtool carries this further ... to compile. Many sequenceprofiling tools are software portals or gateways that simplify the process ... sequence. For example, users might use the sequence alignment and search tool BLAST to identify ... a DNA construct containing the gene. Sequenceprofiling tools serve to automate and integrate the process ... are presented in a format unique to each tool s main focus. Profiling tools based on keyword ... interface. Consequently, future generation of sequenceprofiling tools would include ability to collaborate ... more comprehensive and more user friendly methods of sequenceprofiling makes this an active area ... and usage Deleted image removed Image NCBI.JPG thumb 350px A typical example of a keyword profilingtool http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov gquery gquery.fcgi?itool toolbar Entrez The post genomics era ... of primary sequence information, as well as tertiary structure protein structures , gene annotations, sequence alignment s, and other common bioinformatics tasks. In general, there exist three ... is in development or the end point of the analysis is of commercial value. Typical scenarios of a profiling ... focused, are frequently modified, or use custom versions of common file formats. Advantages of sequenceprofiling tools include the ability to use multiple of these specialized tools in a single ... Bioinformatic Harvester Most of the profiling tools available on the web today fall into this category. The user, upon visiting the site tool, enters any relevant information like a keyword ... more details
Profiling , the extrapolation of information about something, based on known qualities, may refer specifically to Profiling practices Information science Forensic profiling , used in several types of forensic science s Offender profilingProfiling computer programming in software engineering Racial profiling Sexual orientation profiling See also APML Attention Profiling Mark up Language Attribution psychology Cultural bias Racism Sexism Labelling Labeling theory Stereotype s disambig de Profiling no Profilering ... more details
, S. T. 2008 . Profiling Violent Crimes An Investigative Tool 4 ed. . Thousand Oaks Sage Publications, Inc. ref In modern criminology , offender profiling is generally considered the third wave of investigative .... A decade later, the technique became a more sophisticated and systematic profilingtool known ...Refimprove date November 2007 Original research date September 2007 Offender profiling , also known as criminal profiling , is a behavioral and investigative tool that is intended to help Detective investigators to profile unknown criminal subjects or offenders. Offender profiling is also known as criminal profiling, criminal personality profiling, criminological profiling, behavioral profiling or criminal investigative analysis. Geographic profiling is another method to profile an offender. Television ... outline the three main goals of criminal profiling The first is to provide law enforcement with a social ... that profiling is effective. ref Snook, Cullen et al 2007 . Taking Stock of Criminal Profiling A Narrative ... Offender profiling is a method of identifying the perpetrator of a crime based on an analysis of the nature ... Criminal profiling helps investigators examine evidence from crime scenes and victim and witness reports ..., race or geographic location. Investigators should use profiling as a means to narrow down the suspect pool, or in structuring an interrogation of a suspect once apprehended. Criminal Profiling An Introduction ... description of the offender. Psychological profiling may be described as a method of suspect identification ..., 1980 . ref Another good example and more depth of how psychological profiling could be done is on the investigation ... Serial sexual murderers and prostitutes as their victims Difficulty profiling perpetrators and victim ... the point in the profile of being incapable of closeness. One type of criminal profiling is referred ... & Offender Profiling , 3 3 , 183 191. doi 10 1002 jip.51 ref Gathering many aspects of the offender ... The origins of profiling can be traced back to as early as the Middle Ages , with the inquisitors ... more details
non criminal spatial lifestyle. ref Wortley and Mazerolle 2008, p. 136. ref Geographical profiling is growing in popularity and, combined with offender profiling, is a very helpful tool in the investigation ... other. ref Lersch 2007, p. 250. ref Tools Geographic profiling is an investigative tool that can ... Geographic Profiling Analysis GPA training programme ensures that geographic profiling analysis remains a recognized law enforcement tool a meaningful certification for crime ... Holmes, R. M., & Holmes, S. T. 1996 . Profiling Violent Crimes An Investigative Tool 2nd ... Carolina Academic Press MacKay, R. E. 1999, December . Geographic profiling A new tool for law enforcement ...Geographic profiling is a criminal investigative methodology that analyzes the locations of a connected ... stuck in it , the formalized process known today as geographic profiling originated out of research .... ref cite web url http www.ncjrs.gov html nij mapping ch6 1.html title Geographic profiling work Mapping ... December 1999 accessdate 2011 03 14 ref The leading developer of geographic profiling is Kim Rossmo ... of where the serial offender lives. Geographic profiling model is based on the assumption that offender ... Brantingham , the theory exerts the strongest influence in geographic profiling. It suggests that crime ... Another leading researcher in this area is David Canter whose approach to geographic profiling detailed ... and Mazerolle 2008, p. 136. ref In response, Rossmo developed a computerized geographical profiling ... more effectively by highlighting the crucial geographic areas. ICIAF Geographic profiling is a sub type of offender or criminal profiling the inference of offender characteristics from offence characteristics . It is therefore related to psychological or behavioral profiling. If psychological profiling is the who, geographic profiling is the where. All certified geographic profilers ... profiling organization first begun by investigators trained by the Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI ... more details
, Predictive Profiling is an extremely effective tool. Military personnel appreciate the ability .... U.S. Army units preparing for deployment have turned to Predictive Profiling as another tool ...orphan date June 2010 Predictive profiling is a method of threat assessment designed to predict and categorize ... right upright Description Predictive profiling offers a unique approach to threat mitigation that begins ... and to meeting any set of security requirements. In Predictive Profiling, one uses only the operational ... suspicion indicators in a protected environment. When predictively profiling a situation, person ... The person has dropped a bomb somewhere in the airport and is now exiting Predictive Profiling differs from racial profiling which uses race and ethnicity as the only factors against which to evaluate potential threat. In fact, proponents of Predictive Profiling would dismiss the use of racial profiling ... as a tool for identifying potential threat can be illegal and it can also be counterproductive. ref http homelandsecurity.tamu.edu media weekly radio profiling predictive profiling 26 june 2008 149.html ... can easily use racial profiling against a security system by choosing an identity and appearance ... as potential terrorist threats. Predicting profiling is proactive in nature, used to prevent and or mitigate ... Robert S. Mueller Adversarial Methods of Operation AMO Predictive Profiling uses the method of attack ... situations, objects or people as suspicious in a context of the method. Sometimes Predictive Profiling ... 2009 11 predictive profiling examples of suspicion indicators from 911 Examples of Suspicion Indicators ... Profiling methods. Risk is measurable, it has levels. For example, car insurance premiums are calculated ... have adopted are not really meaningful. Following this logic, the goal of predictive profiling is to determine ... profiling continues insofar as our security efforts are confined to real threats versus a larger ... that is employed using Predictive Profiling consists of three steps Detect suspicion technology or human ... more details
Distinguish Full genome sequencing more footnotes date May 2011 ForensicScience DNA profiling also called ... s identifier. DNA profiling should not be confused with full genome sequencing . ref Kijk magazine ... publisher Accessexcellence.org date accessdate 2010 04 03 ref DNA profiling uses repetitive repeat ... to have the same VNTRs. The DNA profiling technique was first reported in 1984 ref Joseph Wambaugh ... New York A Perigord Press Book, 1989 , 202. ref DNA profiling process The process begins with a sample ... The first methods for finding out genetics used for DNA profiling involved restriction enzyme ... PCR technique, DNA profiling took huge strides forward in both discriminating power and the ability ... of DNA profiling used today is based on PCR and uses short tandem repeats STR a type of VNTR . This method ... with sequence specific primers and amplified using PCR . The DNA fragments that result are then separated ... tool. The more STR regions that are tested in an individual the more discriminating the test becomes. From country to country, different STR based DNA profiling systems are in use. In North America, systems ... of the STR regions used are the same. These DNA profiling systems are based on multiplex reactions, whereby ... location could differ in length and sometimes sequence, depending on the markers inherited from the parents ... scientists amplify the HV1 and HV2 regions of the mtDNA, then sequence each region and compare ... and poly C differences may throw off straight sequence comparisons, so some expertise on the part ..., sensitive and easier technologies. Since 1998 the DNA profiling system supported by The National DNA Database in the UK is the SGM DNA profiling system which includes 10 STR regions and a sex indicating ... of genetic relationship It s also possible to use DNA profiling as evidence of genetic relationship ... at least two different sets of genes. There have been several cases of DNA profiling that falsely suggested ... been used as a tool to exonerate the falsely accused. Darryl Hunt was wrongly convicted in connection ... more details
orphan date August 2009 ref improve date July 2009 Carbon profiling ref name ReferenceA Carbon Profiling was published in The Architects Journal on the 26.03.09 ref is a mathematical process that calculates how much Carbon dioxide Carbon Dioxide is put into the atmosphere from 1msq of space in a building over 1 year. The metric analysis this in two parts, 1 operational Greenhouse gas carbon emissions and 2 embodied carbon emissions, which are then added together to produce an overall figure which is termed the Carbon Profile . Embodied Carbon Emissions relate to the amount of Carbon Dioxide emitted into the atmosphere from creating and maintaining the materials that form the building eg the carbon dioxide released from the baking of bricks or smelting or iron. In the Carbon Profiling Model these emissions are measured in ECE s Embodied Carbon Efficiency in KgCO2 msq year Occupational Carbon Emissions relate to the amount of Carbon Dioxide emitted into the atmosphere from the direct use of energy to run the building e.g. the heating or electricity used by the building over the year. In the Carbon Profiling Model these emissions are measured in BER s Building Emission Rate in KgCO2 msq year. The BER is a Departments of the United Kingdom Government United Kingdom government accepted Units of measurement unit of measurement that comes from an approved calculation process called sBEM Simplified Building Emission Model The purpose of Carbon Profiling ref name ReferenceA is to provide a method of analyzing and comparing both operational and embodied carbon emissions at the same time. With this information it is then possible to allocate a projects resources in such a way to minimize ... of space. A secondary benefit is that having quantified the Carbon Profiling ref name ReferenceA of different ... originally developed Carbon Profiling in December 2007. Carbon Profiling ref name ReferenceA References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Carbon Profiling Category Carbon finance Category Carbon dioxide Category ... more details
Forensic profiling refers to the study and the exploitation of Trace evidence traces in order to draw a profile relevant to the supporting of various security tasks, mostly in the criminal justice system. The term forensic in this context refers to information that is used in court as evidence Harv Geradts Sommer 2006 p 10 . The traces originate from criminal or litigious activities themselves. However traces are information that is not strictly dedicated to the court. They may increase knowledge in broader domains linked to security that deal with investigation, intelligence, surveillance, or risk analysis Harv Geradts Sommer 2008 p 26 . Forensic profiling is different than offender profiling .... In particular, forensic profiling should refer to profiling practices in general, i.e., to The process ... or category Harv Geradts Sommer 2006 p 41 . Profiling techniques Forensic profiling is generally conducted ... context is necessary before evaluating applications of data mining techniques for forensic profiling. Data available for forensics profiling The data available to law enforcement agencies are divided ... cases, series . Types of forensics profiling DNA profiling Used for the identification of individuals ... of particular features Harv Popescu Farid 2005 . Illicit drug profiling , which refers to the systematic ... profiling , i.e. psychological profiling of the criminal. Forensic profiling issues The use of profiling techniques represents threats to the privacy of the individual and to the protection of Human ... to address some of the issues associated with forensic profiling. For instance, in Europe the European ... to Automatic Processing of Personal Data. See also DNA profiling Forensics Forensic identification ProfilingProfiling practices Trace evidence Offender profiling Use of social network websites ... title D6.7c Forensic Profiling journal FIDIS Deliverables volume 6 issue 7c url http www.fidis.net ... content PBL1 ribaux2007heroin.pdf pmid 16884878 reflist Category Offender profiling Category Forensic ... more details
Phylogenetic profiling is an important and elegant bioinformatics technique in which the joint presence or joint absence of two traits across a similar distribution of species is used to infer a meaningful biological connection, such as involvement of two different proteins in the same biological pathway. Along with examination of conserved synteny , conserved operon structure, or Fusion gene Rosetta Stone domain fusions , comparing phylogenetic profiles is designated a post homology technique, in that the computation essential to the method begins after it is determined which proteins are homologous to which. A number of these techniques were developed by David Eisenberg and colleagues phylogenetic profile comparison was introduced in 1999 by Pellegrini, et al. ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 10200254 Pellegrini M, Marcotte EM, Thompson MJ, Eisenberg D, Yeates TO. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Apr 13 96 8 4285 8 Assigning protein functions by comparative genome analysis protein phylogenetic profiles. ref Method Over 2000 organisms ref http www.ebi.ac.uk integr8 ref of Bacteria , Archaea , and Eukaryotes now are represented by complete DNA genome sequences. Typically, each gene in a genome encodes a protein that can be assigned to a particular protein family on the basis of homology biology homology . For a given protein family, its presence or absence in each genome in the original formulation is represented by 1 present or 0 absent . Consequently, the phylogenetic distribution of the protein family can be represented by a long binary number with a digit for each genome such binary representations are readily compared with each other to show correlated phylogenetic distributions. The large number of complete genomes makes these profiles rich in information. The advantage ... to be reliable. Presence or absence of a protein is usually determined by sequence similarity. Theory ... and Challenges Phylogenetic profiling has led to numerous discoveries in biology, including ... more details
improvement through thermal profiling the goal of thermal profiling is to always increase quality ...?AwardNumber 0321449 High performance thermal profiling of photonic integrated circuits ref optics, ref Kapusta, Evelyn, Using thermal profiling to monitor optical feedback in semiconductor l http dspace.nitle.org ... Thermal profiling for parallel on line monitoring of biomass growth in miniature stirred bioreactors ... ref food science, ref B. Strahm & B, Plattner, Thermal profiling Predicting processing characteristics ... and Raymond A. Donelick Thermal and isotopic profiling of the Pipeline hydrothermal system Application ... Leary first Brian coauthors Michael Limberg title Profiling Guide publisher DiggyPod year 2009 pages ... Michael Limberg title Profiling Guide publisher DiggyPod year 2009 pages 16 chapter 1 isbn 978 0 9840903 ... cite book last O Leary first Brian coauthors Michael Limberg title Profiling Guide publisher DiggyPod ... title Profiling Guide publisher DiggyPod year 2009 pages 17 chapter 1 isbn 978 0 9840903 0 3 accessdate .... ref name O Leary 2009 18 cite book last O Leary first Brian coauthors Michael Limberg title Profiling .... ref name O Leary 2009 20 cite book last O Leary first Brian coauthors Michael Limberg title Profiling ... from becoming entangled in the oven during profiling. Epoxies come in both insulator and conductor ... out within an organization follows a defined sequence of steps and has quantified financial targets ... the highest tolerance value of the component. Further, some software profiling packages may come with additional ... Michael Limberg title Profiling Guide publisher DiggyPod year 2009 pages 31 chapter 3 isbn 978 0 9840903 .... To ensure repeatability, profiling software includes both automatic distance measurements and temperature ... title Profiling Guide publisher DiggyPod year 2009 pages 41 chapter 4 isbn 978 0 9840903 0 3 accessdate ... in the set points of the oven must be changed to the profiler software. The solder paste library of profiling ... Limberg title Profiling Guide publisher DiggyPod year 2009 pages 46 49 chapter 4 isbn 978 0 9840903 ... more details
Profiling Information science refers to the whole process of construction and application of profiles generated by computerized profiling technologies. What characterizes profiling technologies is the use ... to identify or represent people they can be called profile s . Other than a discussion of profiling technologies or population profiling the notion of profiling practices is not just about the construction ... Gutwirth 2008 Harv Elmer 2004 . Profiling is not simply a matter of computerized pattern recognition ... sorting. Real time machine profiling constitutes the precondition for emerging socio technical infrastructures ..., detecting those data that are useful or interesting. The development of profiling technologies must ... the profiler with sets of correlated data that are used as profiles . The profiling process The technical process of profiling can be separated in several steps Preliminary grounding The profiling ... belong to the phase in which the profile is under construction. However, profiling also refers to the application ... of profiles can lead to the reiterant possibly real time fine tuning of specific previous steps in the profiling ... of profiling is both dynamic and adaptive. A good illustration of the dynamic and adaptive nature of profiling is the Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining CRISP DM . Types of profiling practices In order to clarify the nature of profiling technologies some crucial distinctions have to be made between different types of profiling practices, apart from the distinction between the construction ... down profiling or supervised and unsupervised learning , and between individual and group profiles ... can be generated by testing a hypothesized correlation. This is called top down profiling or supervised ... with a hypothesis and consists of testing its validity. The result of this type of profiling is the verification or refutation of the hypothesis. One could also speak of deductive profiling. On the other ... will be determinate of the patterns that can be found. In the case of machine profiling, potential ... more details
Notability null date August 2010 Refimprove date August 2010 Data profiling is the process of examining the data available in an existing data source e.g. a database or a computer file file and collecting ... where key data is needed, or data governance for improving data quality. Data Profiling in Relation to Data Warehouse Business Intelligence Development Introduction Data profiling is an analysis of the candidate ... Toolkit , Second Edition, Wiley Publishing, Inc. , p. 297 p. 376 ref Profiling helps to understand ... , p. 94 96 ref Thus the purpose of data profiling is both to validate metadata when it is available ... Data Profiling Data profiling utilizes different kinds of descriptive statistics such as minimum ... such as count and sum. Additional metadata information obtained during data profiling could be data ... Loshin2009 Normally purpose build tools are used for data profiling to ease the process. ref name ... 2004 , Kimball Design Tip 59 Surprising Value of Data Profiling , Kimball Group, Number 59, September ... table structural profiling. Therefore, performance is an evaluation criterion for profiling tools. ref name Loshin2003 When to Conduct Data Profiling According to Kimball, ref name Kimball2008 data profiling is performed several times and with varying intensity throughout the data warehouse developing process. A light profiling assessment should be undertaken as soon as candidate source systems .... ref name Kimball2008 More detailed profiling is done prior to the dimensional modeling process ... Kimball2008 Benefits of Data Profiling The benefits of data profiling is to improve data quality, shorten ... derived from data profiling. ref name Loshin2003 Data profiling is one of the most effective technologies for improving data accuracy in corporate databases. ref name Olson2003 Although data profiling ... Reflist references DEFAULTSORT Data Profiling Category Data management Category Data quality de Data Profiling fr Data profiling ... more details
Globalize USA date December 2010 Racial profiling refers to the use of an individual s Race classification ... in some nations. Definition See also Offender profiling The concept of racial profiling ... on Racial Profiling Data Collection Systems url http www.ncjrs.gov pdffiles1 bja 184768.pdf publisher .... sub General Accounting Office sub ref name gao cite web title Racial Profiling Limited Data Available ... definitions of the term racial profiling a narrow definition and a broad definition... Under the narrow definition, racial profiling occurs when a police officer stops, questions, arrests ... definition, racial profiling occurs whenever police routinely use race as a factor that, along with an accumulation ... Jim Cleary sub ref name cleary cite web last Cleary first Jim title Racial Profiling Studies in Law ... title Report on Racial Profiling publisher Office of the Arizona Attorney General Civil Right Division ... accessdate 2010 05 11 ref In the United States See also Airport racial profiling in the United States Legality At a Federal level, racial profiling is challenged by the Fourth Amendment to the United .... Bush declared, Racial profiling is wrong, and we will end it in America. In so doing, we will not hinder ... and deserve. ref name doj factsheet cite web date June 17, 2003 title DOJ Racial Profiling Fact Sheet url http www.justice.gov opa pr 2003 June racial profiling fact sheet.pdf publisher United States ... Ashcroft said This administration... has been opposed to racial profiling and has done more to indicate ... of Race by Federal Law Enforcement Agencies forbidding racial profiling by federal law enforcement officials. ref cite web year 2007 title Threat and Humiliation Racial Profiling, National Security, and Human Rights in the United States url http www.amnestyusa.org racial profiling report index.html ..., awarded the Northeastern research team a grant to create this web based Racial Profiling Data Collection ... initiatives, and methodological tools that can be used to collect and analyze racial profiling ... more details
Corporate profiling is a process that delivers an in depth blueprint of the organizational structure , its technology, people, processes, up stream and down stream customers and their relationships. Using this process, organizations are able to identify where the interlinked relationships occur. Profiling also identifies any common or causal factors between corporate, business and Information technology and more significantly, it elucidates hidden or not so obvious factors that would otherwise be over looked. In order for comprehensive profiling to be undertaken there must be a common objective between the three business components corporate, business and IT and a level of executive support and cohesion that will drive tri directional communication channels throughout the business components. cite web url http www.via nova architectura.org artikelen tijdschrift cohesion of enterprise models.html title Cohesion of Enterprise Models accessdate 2009 01 28 publisher VIA NOVA ARCHITECTURA date 2008 11 30 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot Information technology The process of corporate profiling ensures that all factors are considered, thereby significantly reducing the opportunity for Information technology Project Failure cite web url http www.softwaremag.com archive 2001feb collaborativemgt.html title Collaborating on Project Success accessdate 2009 01 28 work Collaboration Development & Management publisher Software Magazine and Wiesner Publishing date February March 2001 . Corporate Profiling is the first step to undertaking an IT implementation. cite web url http it.toolbox.com blogs erp roi the first step to successful erp get your house in order 12214 title The First Step to Successful ERP Get Your House in Order accessdate 2009 01 28 work In Search of Business Value & ROI Achieving IT Benefits Realization publisher Toolbox for IT date 10 11 2006 Category Aspects of organizations ... more details
Sociolinguistics Linguistic profiling is the practice of identifying the social characteristics of an individual .... Linguistic profiling extends to issues of Legal process legal proceedings , employment opportunities, and education . The theory is frequently described as the auditory equivalent of racial profiling ... origin. Baugh s theory is distinct from linguistic profiling as defined by Hans van Halteren from ... categories within which they are included. ref Hans, van Halteran. Linguistic Profiling for Author Recognition and Verification. Univ. of Nijmegen. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2011. ref Linguistic profiling and discrimination An important distinction exists between the many uses of linguistic profiling ... voice was used in the prosecution of a suspect. The negative effects of linguistic profiling are seen ... is found in Baugh s description of expressions of ethnic pride. ref Baugh, John, Linguistic Profiling ... the Bias unbiased use of linguistic profiling. ref Salaberry, M. Rafael. Language allegiances and bilingualism ... profiling Race Between racial groups The primary research done on linguistic profiling was a result ... and visual cues pointed to overt discrimination based on race. ref Baugh, John, Linguistic Profiling ... racial groups While much evidence has been collected describing linguistic profiling between racial groups within a speech community, linguistic profiling also extends to members within a racial or ethnic ... and sexual orientation Linguistic profiling also applies to gender and sexual orientation. Munson ... 1 125.full.pdf html ref Geographic origin Linguistic profiling occurs beyond the spheres of race and ethnicity ... ref Linguistic profiling in institutions Legal system O. J. Simpson murder ... was formed on the use of linguistic profiling in the case of Sanchez v. People . A witness ... of linguistic profiling was allowed based on the caveat that the witness is personally familiar .... ref Guidelines for the use of linguistic profiling Linguist Dennis Preston has presented an expansion ... more details
Two other uses the American rock band Tool band other uses See Equipment disambiguation File 20060513 toolbox.jpg thumb A modern toolbox. A tool is a Gadget device that can be used to produce an item or achieve ... . Unsourced but very good abstract definition a tool is an entity that interfaces between two or more ...? Rethinking the emergence of hominin tool use. Evolutionary Anthropology Issues, News, and Reviews ... of the Stone Age marks the era when hominina hominin s first began manufacturing stone tool ... stone tool forms is the hand axe . Tools are the most important items that the ancient humans ... of new energy sources water waterwheel s and wind windmill s . Machine tool s occasioned a surge ... of the tool needs to be Hardness harder than the material being cut or else the blade will become ... , Jig tool jigs , trowels . Fastening tools, such as welder s, rivet gun s, nail gun s, or glue ... is for example a combination of a measuring tool the clock and a perception tool the alarm . This enables the alarm clock to be a tool that falls outside of all the categories mentioned above. There is some ... includes such items as gloves, safety glasses , ear defender s and biohazard suits. Tool substitution Often, by design or coincidence, a tool may share key functional attributes with one or more ... or as a matter of practical efficiency. One tool does it all is a motto of some importance for workers who cannot practically carry every specialized tool to the location of every work task such as a carpenter .... Tool substitution may be divided broadly into two classes substitution by design , or multi purpose ... to accomplish multiple tasks using only that one tool. Substitution as make shift is when human ingenuity comes into play and a tool is used for its unintended purpose such as a mechanic using .... In many cases a cheap tool could be used to occupy the place of a missing mechanical part. A window ... of tools allows the use of one tool that has at least two different capabilities. Multi purpose ... more details
Other uses In mathematics , a sequence is an ordered list of objects or events . Like a Set mathematics ... possibly infinite is called the length of the sequence. Unlike a set, order matters, and exactly the same elements can appear multiple times at different positions in the sequence. A sequence is a Discrete mathematics discrete function mathematics function . For example, C, R, Y is a sequence of letters ..., or Infinite set infinite , such as the sequence of all even and odd numbers even ... notions of sequence, but may be excluded depending on the context. Image Cauchy sequence illustration2.svg right thumb 350px An infinite sequence of real numbers in blue . This sequence is neither increasing, nor decreasing, nor convergent, nor Cauchy sequence Cauchy . It is, however, bounded ... of which e.g. , exact sequence are not covered by the notations introduced below. In addition to identifying the elements of a sequence by their position, such as the 3rd element , elements may be given names for convenient referencing. For example a sequence might be written as a sub 1 sub , a sub ... definition of a finite sequence with terms in a set S is a function mathematics function from 1, 2, ..., n to S for some n 0. An infinite sequence in S is a function from 1, 2, ... to S . For example, the sequence of prime numbers 2,3,5,7,11, is the function 1 2 , 2 3 , 3 5 , 4 7 , 5 11 , . A sequence of a finite length n is also called an n tuple n tuple . Finite sequences include the empty sequence ... sequence or two way infinite sequence . An example is the bi infinite sequence of all even integers , 4, 2, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 . Multiplicative Let A a sequence defined by a function f 1, 2, 3, ... 1, 2, 3, ... , such that a sub i sub f i . The sequence is multiplicative if f xy f x f y for all x , y ... of sequences A subsequence of a given sequence is a sequence formed from the given sequence by deleting ... of the sequence are a subset of an partially ordered set ordered set , then a monotonically ... more details
Infobox musical artist See Wikipedia WikiProject Musicians name The Sequence image caption image size Only for images narrower than 220 pixels background group or band alias origin Columbia, South Carolina Columbia , South Carolina , United States U.S. genre Old school hip hop br Funk years active 1979 1985 label Sugar Hill Records rap Sugar Hill associated acts Spoonie Gee website past members Angie Stone Angie Brown Stone Angie B. br Cheryl Cook Cheryl The Pearl br Gwendolyn Chisolm Blondie The Sequence is a former female old school hip hop trio signed to the Sugar Hill Records rap Sugar Hill label in the early 1980s. The group consisted of Cheryl Cook Cheryl The Pearl , Gwendolyn Chisolm Blondie , and lead singer rapper Angie Stone Angie Brown Stone Angie B. . The group originated from Columbia, South Carolina Columbia , South Carolina as a group of high school cheerleader s. Their most notable single was Funk You Up 1979 , which was the first rap record released by a female group and the second single released by Sugar Hill Records rap Sugar Hill Records . ref name Greenberg1999 Greenberg, Steve Light, Alan ed. 1999 . The VIBE History of Hip Hop . Three Rivers Press. p. 28. ISBN 0609805037 ref Elements of Funk You Up were later used by Dr. Dre for his 1995 single Keep Their Heads Ringin . ref Ego Trip s Book of Rap Lists Book of Rap Lists . 1999. Macmillan Publishers Macmillan ... Hold and later a solo artist. Discography Albums Sugarhill Presents the Sequence 1980 , Sugar Hill Records rap Sugar Hill The Sequence 1982 , Sugar Hill 51 Black Albums The Sequence Party 1983 , Sugar Hill Compilations Funky Sound 1995 , P Vine The Best of the Sequence 1996 , Deep Beats Monster ... The Sequence . Allmusic . External links http www.discogs.com artist Sequence, The Discography DEFAULTSORT Sequence, The Category African American musical groups Category African American rappers Category Female hip hop groups Category Female rappers Category Musical trios Hiphop band stub no The Sequence ... more details
enforcement . ref http www.johndouglasmindhunter.com bio.php ref Profiling phases The process this approach ... the behavioral sequence of the crime, in particular, attempting to reconstruct the offender s modus ... Canter, D. 2004 . Offender Profiling and Investigative Psychology. Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, 1 1 15. ref This classification should be reliable and empirically tested ... specific to another type. ref name Canter Much criticism surrounding the FBI process of profiling ... Alison, L., Bennell, C., Mokros, A., & Ormerod, D. 2002 . The Personality Paradox in Offender Profiling ... to the usefulness of the offender profiling system if the classification is not effective. The FBI ... 414. ref ref Turvey, B.E. 1999 . Criminal Profiling An Introduction to Behavioural Evidence Analysis ... Manual CCM . See also Forensic psychology Offender profiling Investigative psychology Notes references References Douglas, J.E., Ressler, R.K., Burgess, A.W., & Hartman, C.R. 1986 . Criminal profiling ... 1997 . Offender profiling research, theory, and practice. Chicester Wiley. Turvey, B.E. 1999 . Criminal Profiling An Introduction to Behavioural Evidence Analysis. San Diego Academic. Woodworth, M., & Porter, S. 2001 . Historical Foundations and Current Applications of Criminal Profiling in Violent ... offender profiling.html DEFAULTSORT Fbi Method Of Profiling Category Law enforcement techniques Category Criminal investigation Category Offender profiling ... more details
refimprove date January 2009 In software engineering , profiling program profiling , software profiling is a form of dynamic program analysis that measures, for example, the memory profiler usage of memory , the instruction set simulator usage of particular instructions , or frequency and duration of function calls. The most common use of profiling information is to aid program optimization computer science optimization . Profiling is achieved by instrumenting either the program source code or its binary executable form using a tool called a profiler or code profiler . The methodology of the profiler itself classify the profiler as event based, as statistical, as instrumentation , or as simulation. Gathering program events Profilers use a wide variety of techniques to collect data, including ... a basic tool prof that listed each function and how much of program execution time it used. In 1982 ... API, formerly JVMPI JVM Profiling Interface , provides hooks to profilers, for trapping events like calls, class load, unload, thread enter leave. .NET Framework .NET Can attach a profiling agent as a COM server to the CLR using Profiling API. Like Java, the runtime then provides various callbacks ... powerful in that the profiling agent can rewrite the target application s bytecode in arbitrary ways. Python programming language Python Python profiling includes the profile module, hotshot which ... like Python for profiling. Flat profiler in profile.rb, module, and ruby prof a C extension are present ... added to the source code by an automatic tool according to an instrumentation policy. Compiler assisted Example gcc pg ... for gprof, quantify g ... for Quantify Binary translation The tool adds ... the code is instrumented. The program run is fully supervised and controlled by the tool. Examples ... sites products documentation hpc vtune windows jit profiling.pdf Profiling Runtime Generated ... Profiling fr Profilage de code nl Profiler ja pl Profilowanie pt Gprof ru ... more details
of molecular biology , gene expression profiling is the measurement of the activity the gene expression ... 12 28 work ref measures the relative activity of previously identified target genes. Sequence based ... profiling. SuperSAGE is especially accurate and can measure any active gene, not just a predefined set. The advent of next generation sequencing has made sequence based expression analysis an increasingly ... Background Expression profiling is a logical next step after genome sequencing sequencing a genome the sequence tells us what the cell could possibly do, while the expression profile tells us what it is actually ... one to deduce a cell s type, state, environment, and so forth. Expression profiling experiments .... This is because altered levels of a specific sequence of mRNA suggest a changed need for the protein ... expression profiling experiments to help assess the drug s toxicity, perhaps by looking for changing ... 15123278 doi 10.1016 j.chembiol.2004.02.003 ref Gene expression profiling may become an important ... much messenger RNA is made from each gene, gene expression profiling provides the most global picture ... has an idea what is going on, a hypothesis , and he or she performs an expression profiling experiment ..., expression profiling takes place before enough is known about how genes interact with experimental ... profiling can help to identify a candidate hypothesis for future experiments. Most early expression profiling experiments, and many current ones, have this form ref cite journal author ... In general, expression profiling studies report those genes that showed statistically significant differences ..., financial constraints limit expression profiling experiments to a small number of observations ... of attaching biological significance to expression profiling results, but this remains a very difficult problem. The relatively short length of gene lists published from expression profiling experiments ... expression profiling results in a publicly accessible Microarray databases microarray database ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Spreading Resistance Profiling SRP , also known as Spreading Resistance Analysis SRA , is a technique used to analyze resistivity vs. depth in semiconductor s. Semiconductor device s depend on the distribution of carriers electrons or electron hole holes within their structures to provide the desired performance. The carrier concentration which can vary by up to ten order of magnitude orders of magnitude can be inferred from the resistivity profile provided by SRP. History The fundamental relationship is usually attributed to James Clerk Maxwell 1831 1879 . In 1962, Dickey ref D. H. Dickey, The Electrochem. Soc., Electron. Div Ext. Abstr. 12 , 151 1963 ref developed a practical 2 probe system using a pair of weighted osmium needles. In 1970, Solid State Measurements was founded to manufacture spreading resistance profiling tools and in 1974, Solecon Labs was founded to provide spreading resistance profiling services. In 1980, Dickey developed a practical method of determining p or n type using the spreading resistance tool. Improvements have continued but have been challenged by the ever shrinking dimensions of state of the art digital devices. For shallow structures 1 um deep , the data reduction is complex. Some of the contributors to the data reduction are Dickey, ref D. H. Dickey and J. R. Ehrstein, NBS Special Publication 400 48, 1979 ref ref D. H. Dickey, ASTM Subcommittee F1.06 Meeting, Denver, June 1984 ref Schumann and Gardner, ref P. A. Schumann and E. E. Gardner, J. Electrochem. Soc. 116 , 87 1969 ref Choo et al. , ref S. C. Choo, M. S. Leong, and K.L. Hong, L. Li and L. S. Tan, Solid State Electronics, 21 , 796 1978 ref Berkowitz ... from the calibration curve. Applications The tool is used primarily for determining doping ... Alternative processes Secondary ion mass spectrometry SIMS is also very useful for dopant profiling ... Resistance Profiling http www.semilab.com Semilab http www.solecon.com Solecon Labs http www.solecon.com ... more details
will share a common profile of gene expression. Gene expression profiling Gene expression profiling ... information about the expression of the particular gene corresponding to the spotted cDNA sequence ... sequence in a sample of DNA. Cancer classification Background File Breast invasive scirrhous carcinoma ... doi 10.1016 j.tvjl.2010.10.018 ref Presented below are ways that gene expression profiling has been ... profiling is the ability to further classify tumors into subtypes having distinct biological properties ... expression profiling url journal Nature volume 403 issue 6769 pages 503 511 pmid 10676951 ref in Nature journal Nature , utilizing expression profiling techniques to stratify DLBCL to two subtypes germinal ... t Veer L.J. et al. year 2002 title Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of breast cancer ... Gene expression profiling Oncology References Reflist Cite book last1 Gibson first1 Greg last2 ... New York isbn 0 8153 4076 1 Categories DEFAULTSORT Gene Expression Profiling In Cancer Category Cancer ... more details
Merge Capacitance voltage profiling date February 2010 Drive Level Capacitance Profiling DLCP is a type of capacitance voltage profiling characterization technique developed specifically for amorphous and polycrystalline materials which have more anomalies such as deep levels, interface states, or nonuniformities. Whereas in standard CV profiles the charge response is assumed to be linear dQ CdV , in DLCP profiles the charge response is expected to have significant nonlinear behavior dQ C sub 0 sub dV C sub 1 sub dV sup 2 sup C sub 2 sub dV sup 3 sup due to the significant larger AC signal amplitude used in the DLCP technique. DLCP can just like the Admittance Spectroscopy yield both the spatial and the energetic distribution of defects. The energetic distribution is obtained by varying the frequency of the AC signal, while the spatial distribution is sustained by modifications in the applied DC bias. DLCP is a strictly dynamic measurement, meaning that the steady state behavior recorded in a CV profile is discarded. As a result, DLCP is insensitive to interface states. References Heath, Jennifer T., J. David Cohen, William N. Shafarman. Bulk and MetaStable Defects in CuIn 1 x Ga x Se2 Thin Films Using Drive Level Capacitance Profiling. J. of Applied Physics. 95.3 2004 . Category Semiconductor device fabrication ... more details
Free choice profiling is a method for determining the quality of a thing by having a large number of subjects experience view, taste, read, etc. it and then allowing them to describe the thing in their own words, as opposed to posing them a set of yes no maybe questions. All of the descriptions are then analyzed to determine a consensus configuration of qualities, usually through Generalized Procrustes analysis . Dr Fran oise Wemelsfelder is a well known scientist who has done extensive research in this field. Sources Raw Hop Aroma Qualities by Trained Panel Free Choice Profiling , Gregory J. Stucky and Mina R. McDaniel, http www.asbcnet.org journal pdfs 1997 0420 07R.pdf available on line Category Psychological testing psych stub ... more details
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