Citations missing date August 2008 A sedative or tranquilizer or tranquilliser , see American and British English spelling differences is a substance that induces sedation by reducing irritability ref name urlJohns Hopkins Colon Cancer Center Glossary S cite web url http www.hopkinscoloncancercenter.org index.cfm?cID 194&CFID 1128737&CFTOKEN 20842936 title Johns Hopkins Colon Cancer Center Glossary S format work accessdate ref or Psychomotor agitation excitement . ref DorlandsDict seven 000095557 sedative ref At higher doses it may result in slurred speech, staggering gait human gait , poor judgment, and slow, uncertain reflex es. Doses of sedatives such as benzodiazepines when used as a hypnotic to induce sleep tend to be higher than those used to relieve anxiety whereas only low doses are needed to provide calming sedative effects. ref cite journal author Montenegro M, Veiga H, Deslandes A, et al. title Neuromodulatory effects of caffeine and bromazepam on visual event related potential P300 a comparative study. journal Arq Neuropsiquiatr volume 63 issue 2B pages 410 5 year 2005 month ... There is some overlap between the terms sedative and hypnotic . The terms describe distinct ... always sedated unless they are unconscious from their condition anyway . Sedative dependence ... types of dependences, finding and using the sedative becomes the focus in life. Both physical and psychological ... Sedative Dependence . Misuse Main Drug overdose See Combined Drug Intoxication See also Benzodiazepine ... are responsible for most of the problems with sedative use due to their widespread recreational or non ... are taken with Alcoholic beverages alcohol . In the U.S., in 1998, a total of 70,982 sedative exposures ... Intravenous therapy IV drip , are more likely to experience such side effects. Sedative drugs and crime ... suggest that the use of sedative spiked drinks for robbing people is actually much more common than ... pt Sedativo ru simple Sedative sr fi Sedatiivi sv Sedativa l kemedel ... more details
Kindling due to substance withdrawal , refers to the neurological condition which results from repeated withdrawal episodes from sedative hypnotic drugs such as alcohol or benzodiazepine s. Each withdrawal leads to more severe withdrawal symptoms than the first withdrawal syndrome. Individuals who have had more withdrawal episodes are at an increased risk of very severe withdrawal symptoms, up to and including seizures. Withdrawal from GABA ergic acting sedative hypnotic drugs causes acute GABA under activity as well as glutamate over activity which can lead to sensitization and hyper excitability of the central nervous system , excitotoxicity excito neurotoxicity and increasingly profound neuroadaption s. Definition Kindling is the phenomena which occurs as a result of repeated withdrawal from benzodiazepines or alcohol that leads to increasingly severe withdrawal symptoms, including an increased risk of seizures. Ethanol alcohol , has a very similar mechanism of tolerance and withdrawal as benzodiazepines, involving the GABAA receptor s, NMDA receptor s and AMPA receptor s these receptors are involved in kindling. The research into kindling, a phenomenon which results in increased sensitivity of the nervous system due to multiple acute withdrawals with for example increased seizures, has primarily focused on alcohol. ref name Allison 2003 Causes Adaptational changes at the GABA sub A sub benzodiazepine receptor complex do not fully explain tolerance, dependence and withdrawal from benzodiazepines. Other receptor complexes are believed to be involved, in particular the excitatory glutamate system. The involvement of glutamate in benzodiazepine dependence explains long term potentiation as well as neuro kindling phenomena. Tolerance is defined as a loss of pharmacological effects after a repeated or regular use of a drug. Use of a short acting benzodiazepine at night as a sleeping pill causes repeated acute dependence followed by acute withdrawal. There is some evid ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The imidazopyridines are a class of sedative medication drugs related in terms of their effect to benzodiazepine s. They include Zolpidem Ambien Alpidem Saripidem Necopidem DS 1 drug As they are not chemically related to the benzodiazepines despite their similar effect, such drugs as well as the pyrazolopyrimidine s and cyclopyrrone s are sometimes grouped together and referred to as nonbenzodiazepine s . Hypnotics and sedatives Category Imidazopyridines sedative stub fr Imidazopyridine ... more details
Carbamazepine Bromoureides are sedative hypnotic s available primarily in Europe , including bromisovalum bromural and carbromal carbitral Horowitz, 1997 . References Horowitz, B., Bromism from Excessive Cola Consumption, Clinical Toxicology, 35 3 , 1997, pp. 315 320. Category Sedatives Category Combination drugs nervous system drug stub ... more details
wiktionarypar bromide Bromide can refer to In language Bromide language , a figure of speech meaning a tranquilizing clich . In chemistry Bromide , the anion of bromine , or any ionic salt containing bromide as the only anion, or as a common name any covalent compound containing bromine in the 1 oxidation state. Potassium bromide , an anticonvulsant and sedative most pharmacologic information is here Sodium bromide , an anticonvulsant and sedative In photography Bromide paper , paper coated with an emulsion of silver bromide, used primarily for photographic prints. In Japanese culture Bromide Japanese culture , commercial photographic portraits of celebrities including geisha, singers, actors and sportspeople. disambig nl Bromide ... more details
Drugbox type combo component1 N Acetylglycinamide class1 Group, manual link using .. .. component2 Chloral hydrate class2 sedative hypnotic CAS number 17427 14 4 ATCvet ATC prefix N05 ATC suffix CC03 PubChem DrugBank pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate is a hypnotic sedative . It is a combination of N Acetylglycinamide acetylglycinamide and chloral hydrate . ref cite journal author Degerholm, E. Harison, A. Leideman, T. Sterner, N. title Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate, a new compound journal Farmacevtisk Revy year 1963 volume 62 issue 29 pages 601 611 ref References reflist Hypnotics and sedatives Category Sedatives Category Combination drugs sedative stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 The Pyrazolopyrimidines are a class of sedative and anxiolytic medication drugs related in terms of their effect to benzodiazepine s. Most of the drugs from this class marketed to date are intended to induce sleep , and are prescribed for people suffering insomnia , however some newer compounds produce anxiolytic effects with relatively little sedation, and are being developed for use as non sedating anti anxiety drugs. They include Zaleplon hypnotic trade name Sonata Indiplon hypnotic Ocinaplon anxiolytic Divaplon anxiolytic Fasiplon ? Taniplon ? As they are not chemically related to the benzodiazepines despite their similar effect, such drugs as well as the imidazopyridine s and cyclopyrrone s are sometimes grouped together and referred to as nonbenzodiazepine s . Insecticide A related use is in pyrazolopyrimidine organothiophosphate insecticide s. Structure The molecules are typified by the linked six sided pyrimidine ring and 5 sided pyrazole ring. Hypnotics and sedatives sedative stub Category Pyrazolopyrimidines ... more details
Chloral Betaine is a sleeping tablet or sedative which the body converts to Chloral hydrate . Like other drugs of this type chloral betaine is addiction addictive , a small proportion of users who take the drug develop serious or unpleasant side effect s. References http www.sciencedirect.com science? ob ArticleURL& udi B7GHR 4FS6PC1 78& user 10& coverDate 07 2F31 2F1963& rdoc 1& fmt high& orig search& origin search& sort d& docanchor &view c& searchStrId 1628285938& rerunOrigin google& acct C000050221& version 1& urlVersion 0& userid 10&md5 9da9f5918c6093f20b8a3b9689765b33&searchtype a Clinical experience with chloral betaine, a preoperative sedative http www.netdoctor.co.uk medicines 100000498.html Welldorm tablets chloral betaine Category Sedatives psychoactive stub ... more details
SB 649,868 is an orexin receptor antagonist in development by GlaxoSmithKline . Currently in Phase 2 development, this drug for sleep disorders is one of two such compounds currently in development, the other being Actelion s ACT 078573 . References http www.gsk.com investors presentations 2007 neurosciences seminar dec07 emiliangelo ratti.pdf GSK presentation Hypnotics and sedatives Neuropeptide agonists and antagonists Category Sedatives Category Orexin antagonists sedative stub ... more details
drugbox verifiedrevid 399724300 IUPAC name 3 2,6 Dichlorophenyl 2 ethyl 4 quinazolinone image cloroqualone.png width 120 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 57005 InChI 1 C16H12Cl2N2O c1 2 14 19 13 9 4 3 6 10 13 16 21 20 14 15 11 17 7 5 8 12 15 18 h3 9H,2H2,1H3 InChIKey SONHVLIDLXLSOL UHFFFAOYAG StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C16H12Cl2N2O c1 2 14 19 13 9 4 3 6 10 13 16 21 20 14 15 11 17 7 5 8 12 15 18 h3 9H,2H2,1H3 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey SONHVLIDLXLSOL UHFFFAOYSA N CAS number 25509 07 3 ATC prefix none ATC suffix PubChem 63338 DrugBank ? C 16 H 12 Cl 2 N 2 O 1 molecular weight 319.185 melting point smiles Clc3cccc Cl c3N 1C O c2c N C 1CC cccc2 bioavailability ? metabolism ? elimination half life ? excretion ? pregnancy category ? legal US legal CA routes of administration ? Cloroqualone is an analogue of methaqualone developed in the 1980s and marketed mainly in France and some other European countries. It has sedative and antitussive properties, and was sold either alone or in combination with other ingredients as a cough medicine. ref http www.biam2.org www Sub1818.html ref Cloroqualone has weaker sedative properties than methaqualone and was sold for its useful cough suppressing effects, but was withdrawn from the French market in 1994 because of concerns about its potential for abuse and overdose. See also Methaqualone Afloqualone Etaqualone Methylmethaqualone Mecloqualone Mebroqualone Diproqualone References references sedative Category Sedatives Category Organochlorides Category Quinazolinones sedative stub ... more details
GABA antagonists are drugs which inhibit the action of GABA . In general these drugs produce stimulant and convulsant effects, and are mainly used for counteracting overdose of sedative drugs. Examples include Bicuculline and Metrazol , and the benzodiazepine GABA A receptor GABA sub A sub receptor antagonist Flumazenil . External links MeshName GABA antagonists Receptor agonists and antagonists GABA agonists and antagonists Category GABA antagonists biochem stub da GABA antagonist ... more details
drugbox verifiedrevid 407870510 IUPAC name 11 Chloro 5 5 cyclopropyl 1,2,4 oxadiazol 3 yl 2,3 dihydrodiimidazo 1,2 c 1 ,5 a quinazoline image U 90042.png width 140 CAS number 134516 99 7 ATC prefix ATC suffix PubChem 9928470 DrugBank C 17 H 13 Cl 1 N 6 O 1 molecular weight 352.78 g mol smiles C5CC5c4onc n4 c2ncn c cc3 c1cc3Cl c2n6c1 NCC6 bioavailability protein bound metabolism elimination half life excretion pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU Unscheduled S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL P POM CD Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration U 90042 is a sedative and hypnotic drug used in scientific research. It has similar effects to sedative hypnotic benzodiazepine drugs, but is structurally distinct and so is classed as a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic. U 90042 is a GABA A receptor GABA sub A sub agonist acting primarily at the 1, 3 and 6 subtypes, with a Dissociation constant Ki of 7.8nM at 1, 9.5nM at 3 and 11.0nM at 6. It produces sedation and ataxia and prolongs sleeping time in mice, rats and monkeys, but does not produce amnesia and blocks the amnestic effect of diazepam , reflecting its different subtype affinity compared to benzodiazepine drugs. ref cite journal last1 Tang first1 AH last2 Smith first2 MW last3 Carter first3 DB last4 Im first4 WB last5 Vonvoigtlander first5 PF title U 90042, a sedative hypnotic compound that interacts differentially with the GABAA receptor subtypes journal The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics volume 275 issue 2 pages 761 7 year 1995 pmid 7473164 ref References references Hypnotics and sedatives Category Sedatives Category Oxadiazoles Category Organochlorides Category Cyclopropanes sedative stub ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE C sub 17 sub H sub 22 sub N sub 2 sub O The molecular formula C sub 17 sub H sub 22 sub N sub 2 sub O molar mass 270.36 g mol, exact mass 270.173213 may refer to Doxylamine , a sedative antihistamine 5 MeO DALT MolFormDisambig ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE C sub 9 sub H sub 15 sub NO sub 2 sub The molecular formula C sub 9 sub H sub 15 sub NO sub 2 sub molar mass 169.22 g mol may refer to Aceclidine , a parasympathomimetic miotic agent used in the treatment of narrow angle glaucoma Piperidione , a sedative drug MolFormDisambig ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE C sub 23 sub H sub 22 sub O sub 7 sub The molecular formula C sub 23 sub H sub 22 sub O sub 7 sub molar mass 410.41 g mol may refer to Lactucopicrin , a bitter substance that has a sedative and analgesic effect Tephrosin , a natural fish poison molFormDisambig ... more details
Bekhterev s Mixture lang ru , MixturaBechtereva is a medicine with a sedative effect, affecting central nervous system . The mixture is proposed by famous Russian neurologist Vladimir Bekhterev and subsequently named after him. One of the oldest and most popular medicines of the type, it is used to treat light forms of heart failure , panic disorder , and dystonia . References http medicinelib.ru lecarstva B lecarstva6616.html MixturaBechtereva at medicinelib.ru ru icon Category Sedatives Category Russian inventions ru ... more details
Noragol or Neurogol is name of a drug that is made of plant Borage . This drug is made in tablet form . This is anti anxiety, hypnotic and amplifier in nervous system.As a sedative in the treatment of insomnia , anxiety and nervous tension. See also Borage References fa wiki fa D9 86 D9 88 D8 B1 D8 A7 DA AF D9 84 http www.parspharm.com herbal.html http www.persiangrocery.com us Scripts catview.asp?idCategory 55&logoid 3 Category Medicinal plants fa ... more details
Mental state In psychology , relaxation is the emotional state of low tension, in which there is an absence of arousal that could come from sources such as anger , anxiety , or fear . Relaxation is a form of mild ecstasy coming from the frontal lobe of the brain in which the backward cortex sends signals, or prions, to the frontal cortex via a mild sedative. clear References unreferenced date March 2010 reflist psychology stub External Links http www.hoffmancounseling.com Meditation and Relaxation Category Psychological attitude ... more details
drugbox IUPAC name 2,2,2 trichloro 1 3 2,2,2 trichloro 1 hydroxyethoxy 2,2 bis 2,2,2 trichloro 1 hydroxyethoxy methyl propoxy ethanol image Petrichloral.svg width 200 CAS number 78 12 6 synonyms ATC prefix none ATC suffix PubChem 6519 DrugBank C 13 H 16 Cl 12 O 8 molecular weight 725.697 g mol bioavailability protein bound metabolism elimination half life excretion pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU Unscheduled S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL P POM CD Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration Petrichloral Pentaerythritol chloral is a sedative and hypnotic drug related to chloral hydrate . It is a Schedule IV drug in the USA. References references Hypnotics and sedatives Category Sedatives sedative stub ... more details
drugbox IUPAC name 5 ethyl 5 3 bromophenyl 1,3 diazinane 2,4,6 trione synonyms Brophebarbital image Brophebarbital.png width 200 CAS number ATC prefix none ATC suffix PubChem DrugBank C 12 H 11 Br 1 N 2 O 3 molecular weight 311.131 g mol smiles Brc2cccc c2 C1 CC C O NC O NC1 O bioavailability protein bound metabolism elimination half life excretion pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU Unscheduled S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL P POM CD Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration Brophebarbital is a barbiturate derivative. It has sedative and hypnotic effects and is considered to have a moderate abuse potential. ref Eddy NB, Halbach H, Isbell H, Seevers MH. Drug dependence Its significance and characteristics. Bulletin of the World Health Organisation . 1965 32 721 733. ref References reflist sedative stub barbiturates Category Barbiturates Category Organobromides ... more details
drugbox IUPAC name 2 1,3,4 Oxadiazol 2 yl phenol image Fenadiazole small.png width 97 px height 77 px CAS number 1008 65 7 ATC prefix none PubChem 5380573 DrugBank C 8 H 6 N 2 O 2 molecular weight 162.14544 g mol smiles n2ncoc2 c1ccccc1O bioavailability protein bound metabolism elimination half life excretion pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU Unscheduled S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL P POM CD Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration oral Fenadiazole Hypnazol is a hypnotic drug with a unique oxadiazole based structure. ref Hans Brandenberger & Robert A. A. Maes. Analytical Toxicology for Clinical, Forensic and Pharmaceutical Chemists , 1997 ref It was previously manufactured by the French pharmaceutical company Laboratoires Jacques Logeais. ref name Merck The Merck Index , 12th Edition. ref References references Sedative Category Sedatives Category Oxadiazoles Category Phenols sedative stub ... more details
wiktionary Serum may refer to Blood serum , a component of blood which is collected after coagulation. Antiserum , blood serum with specific antibodies for passive immunity Serous fluid , any clear bodily fluid any drug derived from an animal s blood or serous fluid Truth serum , a general term for sedative drug or unspecified drug that is likely to make people tell truth or divulge information Serum Institute of India , one of the world s biggest vaccine makers Disambig ar de Serum es Suero io Sero no Serum pl Surowica ... more details
File Gamma Aminobutters ure gamma aminobutyric acid.svg thumb Gamma aminobutyric acid. A GABA agonist is a drug which acts to stimulate or increase the action at the GABA receptor , producing typically sedative effects, and may also cause other effects such as anxiolytic and muscle relaxant effects. Examples include Acamprosate Picamilon ethanol Gamma Hydroxybutyric acid GHB benzodiazepines nonbenzodiazepine s Zolpidem , Zopiclone , Zaleplon barbiturates methaqualone baclofen muscimol progabide tiagabine External links MeshName GABA agonists MeshPharmaList 82018755 Receptor agonists and antagonists GABA agonists and antagonists Category Drugs acting on the nervous system pharmacology stub ja GABA ... more details
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