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Second French Empire





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  1. Second French Empire

    Imperial Coat of arms image coat Imperial Coat of arms of France 1852 1870 .svg image map Second French Empire 1852 1870 .png image map caption The Second French Empire capital Paris national motto national anthem Partant pour la Syrie unofficial br Departing for Syria common languages French currency ... deputy List of Prime Ministers of France Second French Empire .281852 1870.29 Cabinet Chief legislature ... br Flag Vietnam The Second French Empire lang fr Second Empire Fran ais or French Empire was the Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870, between the French Second Republic Second ... under the Second Empire as it had been under the First French Empire First , its founding principles ...Missing citations date May 2010 Infobox former country native name Empire Fran ais conventional long name French Empire common name France continent Europe region country France era empire government type ... 1870 Battle of Sedan date event1 1 September 1870 event pre French coup of 1851 date pre 2 December 1851 p1 French Second Republic flag p1 Flag of France.svg s1 French Third Republic flag s1 Flag ... elected President of the French Second Republic Republic , French coup of 1851 staged a coup d tat ... parliamentary empire, which was to last for ten years. Image Second empire.gif thumb right Emperor ... a Latin Second Mexican Empire empire in favour of the archduke Maximilian of Mexico Maximilian of Austria ... with the Empire would be impossible until the emperor granted entire liberty. The recall of French ... of the Empire and the establishment of the French Third Republic Third Republic . Empress Eug nie ... War in France Karl Marx s 3rd address to the Paris Commune , describes character of Second Empire ... of Europe France, Empire 2 Category Former countries in Europe France, Empire 2 Category Second French Empire Category Government of France Empire 2 Category Former empires France ar ... franc s eo Dua Franca Imperio eu Frantziako Bigarren Inperioa fa fr Second Empire ...   more details



  1. File:Second French Empire (1852-1870).png

    Copy to Wikimedia Commons WhoseMap WhoseData Summary Information Description The Second French Empire in 1870. Source Own work Date 17 31, 22 April 2010 UTC Author Myself Permission See below other versions Licensing PD author ...   more details



  1. French Second Empire referendum, 1852

    In 1852 , French voters were asked to approve to establishment of the Second French Empire with Napoleon III at its head. Of the 10,203,458 eligible voters, 19.72 abstained. class wikitable style text align right Party Votes of votes align left Yes 7,824,189 96.86 align left No 253,145 3.13 align left Total 100 width 100 cellspacing 0 cellpadding 0 style text align center width 10 style background color fcc No br 253,145 3.13 width 253 style background color Red width 7824 style background color Blue width 10 style background color ccf Yes br 7,824,189 96.86 colspan 4 style text align center line height 80 French elections Category Referendums in France Category 1852 in France Category 1852 referendums nl Referendum Tweede Keizerrijk Frankrijk 1852 pl Referendum we Francji w 1852 roku ...   more details



  1. Blue Division (Second French Empire)

    of France de Blaue Division Zweites Kaiserreich fr Division Bleue Second Empire ...   more details



  1. File:Second French Empire (1852?1870).png

    Information Description The Second French Empire in 1867. Source Own work Date 06 54, 17 August 2010 UTC Author User Mackay 86 Mackay 86 User talk Mackay 86 talk other versions Self GFDL Cc by sa 3.0 migrated ...   more details



  1. Second Empire

    Second Empire may refer to Second French Empire 1852 70 Second Mexican Empire 1864 67 German Second Reich 1871 1918 see German Empire Second Empire architecture style associated with the Second French Empire disambig ...   more details



  1. French Empire

    The term French Empire can refer to Two Empires of the French founded by members of the House of Bonaparte , The First French Empire of Napoleon I and II 1804 1814 and 1815 The Second French Empire of Napoleon III 1852 1870 The French colonial empire of the 17th to 20th centuries French Empire style Second Empire architecture Second French Empire style Francia Frankish Empire of Charlemagne disambig Category Former empires bn br Impalaeriezh c hall de Empire fran ais el es Imperio Franc s fr Empire fran ais he nl Franse Keizerrijk no Det franske keiserd mme ru sr vi qu c Ph p zh ...   more details



  1. Second Mexican Empire

    image map Second Mexican Empire orthographic projection .svg image map caption Territory of the Second Mexican Empire upon establishment capital Mexico City common languages Spanish government type ... Mexico 1865.PNG thumb 300px The departments of the Second Mexican Empire. The role of France Unreferenced ... in Mexico during the years of the Second Mexican Empire. The two main characters, played by Clint Eastwood ... 00 index.html Mexico the French intervention and the 2nd Empire, 1862 1867. http www.casaimperial.org ... Empire American monarchies Category History of Mexico Category French intervention in Mexico Category ... of the Americas Category States and territories established in 1864 Category French colonial empire ... Mexicano fr Second Empire mexicain ko 2 it Secondo Impero Messicano ka ...For the earlier Mexican Empire monarchy in Mexico in 1821 1823 see First Mexican Empire . Infobox Former Country native name Imperio Mexicano conventional long name Mexican Empire common name Mexico continent North America region Latin America country Mexico status Empire year start 1864 year end 1867 ... executed event pre French intervention in Mexico French Intervention date pre 1861 p1 Republic of Mexico ... Juan Almonte year representative1 1863 1864 religion Roman Catholicism currency Mexican Peso Peso The Second Mexican Empire was the name of Mexico under the regime established from 1864 to 1867. It was created by Napoleon III of France , who attempted to use the French Intervention in Mexico Mexican ... and installed by the French, with some support from the Austrian and Spanish Crowns, the intervention attempted to re create a European style monarchical system in Mexico. The French also had support ... in 1865. Because some viewed Emperor Maximilian as a French puppet, he was not regarded as the legitimate ... of Mexico. Territorial division The Empire was divided into 50 departments departamentos width 200 ... on 6 July, the second son of Archduke Franz Karl and his wife Sophie in Sch nbrunn Palace, Vienna. 1851 ...   more details



  1. Second Empire (architecture)

    Press, Cambridge Massachusetts, 1977 Revivals Category Second Empire architecture Category French Renaissance Revival architecture Category Second French Empire Category Architectural styles Category ...Image GarnierOperaParis.jpg thumb 200px The best known example of Second Empire style is the Op ra Garnier , a mixture of Neo Renaissance and Baroque Revival architecture Neo Baroque architecture. Second Empire is an architectural style , most popular between 1865 and 1880, and so named for the French elements in vogue during the era of the Second French Empire . In France, a significant variation is sometimes called the Napoleon III style . While a distinct style unto itself, some Second Empire ... century. Second Empire in France Image Palais elysee.jpg thumb lys e Palace garden fa ade. Louvre ... . Second Empire in the United States File Heck Andrews House 20080321.jpeg thumb Heck Andrews House ... States, the Second Empire style usually combined a rectangular tower, or similar element, with a steep, but short, mansard roof the roof being the most noteworthy link to the style s French ... was to make the structure appear imposing, grand and expensive. Floor plans for Second Empire ... to the style as Second Empire Baroque. Mullett Smith see references terms it the Second Empire .... Prior to the construction of The Pentagon during the 1940s, the Second Empire style Ohio State ... Plan Kirkbride Second Empire asylum. Second Empire was succeeded by the revival of the Queen .... The fictional Addams Family , in both TV and Movie versions, live in a crumbling Second Empire home ... Arts style . In Canada, Second Empire became the choice of the new Dominion government in the 1870s ..., S.E. Brindley, architect. Chief Secretary s Building 1890 95 , Sydney , Australia, Second Empire ... Second Empire architecture McAlester, Virginia & Lee, A Field Guide to American Houses , Alfred A. Knopf ... Second Empire ...   more details



  1. Second Army (Ottoman Empire)

    symbol 2 label Campaignbox Caucasus Campaign About a field army of the Ottoman Empire a field army of the Turkey Republic of Turkey Second Army Turkey The Second Army of the Ottoman Empire was one of the field ... 1878 , the second army was split in two these were named as Eastern Danube Army and Western Danube Army. Order of Battle, 1908 After the Young Turk Revolution and the establishment of the Second Constitutional Era Ottoman Empire Second Constitutional Era on July 3, 1908, new government initiate a major ... on the Gallipoli Peninsula but did not otherwise have a role. Second Army VI Corps Ottoman Empire VI ... , 27th Infantry Division Ottoman Empire 27th Division Order of Battle, April 1915 Second Army V Corps ... Army attack in conjunction with the Third Army Ottoman Empire Third Army . The Second Army was made ...Infobox Military Unit unit name Second Army image caption dates 1877 br August 5 November 18, 1914 ref ... Ottoman Empire allegiance branch type Field Army role size command structure garrison garrison label ... in the Balkans, 1912 1913 , Westport, CT Praeger, 2003 , 17. ref The Second Army also had inspectorate ... Infantry Division Ottoman Empire 3rd Division , 4th Infantry Division Ottoman Empire 4th Division , 20th Infantry Division Ottoman Empire 20th Division , 21st Infantry Division Ottoman Empire 21st Division 2nd Cavalry Division Ottoman Empire 2nd Cavalry Division 2nd Artillery Division Adrianople ... and Palestine. The Army included two inspectorates, the Second in the Balkans and the Fifth Army Ottoman Empire Fifth in Syria. The Army at the start of the First Balkan War in 1912 was structured as such ref ..., CT Praeger, 2003 , 375 379. ref place names given are ones the Ottomans used at that time Second Army Headquarters Salonika V Corps Ottoman Empire V Corps , Salonika 13th Infantry Division, Salonika ... Ottoman Empire VI Corps , Monastir 16th Infantry Division, tip 17th Infantry Division, Monastir 18th Infantry Division, Debre 7th Cavalry Brigade, Monastir VII Corps Ottoman Empire VII Corps , sk p ...   more details



  1. Second Athenian Empire

    The Second Athenian Empire or Confederacy was a maritime confederation of Aegean Islands Aegean city states from 378 BC 355 BC and headed by Athens polis Athens primarily for self defense against the growth of Sparta and secondly, the Persian Empire . Origins formation of the confederacy was stimulated by the invasion of Attica by Sphodrias of Sparta and Sparta s refusal to prosecute him for his actions according to Xenophon and Diodorus Siculus . It was extremely popular at first, with a number of states previously controlled by Sparta signing up as members due to Sparta s increasing imperialism over the Decree of Aristoteles . An inscribed prospectus for the league was found at Athens Inscriptions Greques 2, 43, also known as the Aristoteles decree dating to 377 BC, detailing the aims of the new league. The intention was to ensure that Sparta would allow all the Greeks to be autonomous the states involved were all to have autonomy and Athens was not permitted to own land in any of the states who were members, or to inflict upon them a garrison or a cleruchy each member could also choose their own constitution, not necessarily a democracy. This prospectus appears to try to promise that this league would not turn out the same way as the earlier, fifth century Delian League which had been unpopular in many quarters as Athens behaviour was heavy handed at times particularly towards those states which had rebelled or showed signs of wanting to rebel. Running of the League The League had a synedrion at Athens,within which each of the league s members were to be autonomous and have one vote each. Along with Athens this was a bicameral system and it is thought that Athens could ... of Athens major allies finally put an end to the confederacy. Further reading Cargill, Jack. The Second Athenian League Empire or Free Alliance? Berkeley University of California Press, 1981. ISBN 0520040694 .... Category Athenian Empire Category Late Classical Greece Category 4th century BC military alliances ...   more details



  1. Second Bulgarian Empire

    name Second Bulgarian Empire common name Bulgaria continent Europe region Balkans era Middle Ages status Empire government type Absolute Monarchy year start 1185 year end 1396 event start Reestablishment event1 Siege of Tarnovo Fall of Tarnovo date event1 17 July 1393 p1 First Bulgarian Empire flag p1 Seal of Omurtag.png p2 Byzantine Empire flag p2 Flag of PalaeologusEmperor.svg s1 Ottoman Bulgaria ... of Bulgaria in 1878. Up until 1256, the Second Bulgarian Empire was the dominant power in the Balkans .... Next year the Kingdom of Vidin was also occupied, bringing the Second Bulgarian Empire and Bulgarian ... Culture of the Second Bulgarian Empire.png 220px thumb left Culture of the Second Bulgarian Empire ... of Bulgaria.svg image flag flag flag type image coat Coat of arms of the Second Bulgarian Empire.svg ... br flag Moldova br flag Montenegro br flag Romania br flag Serbia br flag Turkey br flag Ukraine The Second Bulgarian Empire Bulgarian language Bulgarian , Vtor B lgarsk Tsartsvo ... Bulgarian Empire , it reached the peak of its power under Kaloyan of Bulgaria Kaloyan and Ivan ... in several major battles, and in 1205 the newly established Latin Empire was crushed in the battle ... a regional power once again. However, in the late 13th century the Empire declined under the constant invasions of Tatars , Byzantine Empire Byzantines , Hungarians , Serbian Empire Serbs , and internal ... ruled Bulgaria from 1018, when they conquered the First Bulgarian Empire , to 1185, although initially it was not fully integrated into the Byzantine Empire , for example preserving the existing tax ... and tsar s relatives were given various Byzantine titles and transferred to the Asian parts of the Empire ... to inherit the authority of the First Bulgarian Empire . After little more than a year of warfare ... extent by the Cumans from beyond the Danube ref name name8 History of the Byzantine Empire ... was besieged by Peter he fled to the Byzantine Empire, where he was made a governor of Plovdiv . However ...   more details



  1. French colonial empire

    Wallis and Futuna br flag Libya File French Empire evolution.gif thumb 450px Animated map showing the growth and decline of the First and Second French colonial empires. The French colonial empire was the set ... attempt to establish a colony in Egypt in 1798 1801 was not successful. Second French colonial empire ... to Ha ti, resulting in the Haiti indemnity controversy . The true beginnings of the second French colonial empire, however, were laid in 1830 with the French rule in Algeria French invasion of Algeria , which was conquered over the next 17 years. During the French Second Empire Second Empire , headed ... French Colonial Empire common name France continent Europe region West Europe country France status ..., secular image map Anachronous map of the All French Empire 1534 1970 .png image map caption Anachronous map of the whole French Empire 1534 1977 capital Paris latd 48 latm 12 latNS N longd 16 ... 1960s. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the colonial empire of France was the second largest in the world behind the British Empire . The French colonial empire extended over 12,347,000 km 4,767,000 ... some historians term the first French colonial empire. In the 19th century, France established a new ... French colonial empire s area, with 2,685,705 people living in them in 2011. All of them enjoy full ... autonomy . See Administrative divisions of France . First French colonial empire The Americas Image ... in the Illinois Country and in present day Arkansas . As the French empire in North America grew, the French ... for the picture. Some recovery of the French colonial empire was made during the France in the American .... Image Colonies of the second French colonial empire.jpg right thumb 275px French colonies in 1891 ... A poster for the French colonial empire titled Three colours, one flag, one empire The French colonial empire began to fall during the Second World War , when various parts were occupied by foreign ... margin 1em auto 1em auto style font weight bold font size 1.1em margin bottom 0.5em Image French Empire ...   more details



  1. Evolution of the French Empire

    are not listed. 1st means the country territory was part of the first French colonial empire. 2nd means the country territory was part of the second French colonial empire. Now means this is a territory still part of the French Republic today. The Americas North America main New France Canada most ...Cleanup date December 2008 The French colonial empire was the set of territories outside Europe that were under French rule from the 17th century to the late 1970s. In terms of land area, the empire extended ... century. Image French Empire evolution.gif 450px thumb Animated map showing the French colonial empires Here is a list of all the countries that were part of the French colonial empires in the last 500 years, either entirely or in part, either under French sovereignty or as mandate or protectorate. When only a part of the country was under French rule, that part is listed in parentheses after the country. When there are no parentheses, it means the whole country was formerly part of any one of the French colonial empires. Countries listed are those where French sovereignty applied effectively ... law condominium shared with the British Empire 2nd Wallis and Futuna 2nd & now Antarctic Ocean French Southern and Antarctic Lands 2nd & now DEFAULTSORT Evolution Of The French Empire Category Former colonies of France Category New France Category French colonial empire ... briefly 1st see France Antarctique and France quinoxiale French Guiana 1st, 2nd, & now Africa North ... Burkina Faso as Upper Volta 2nd C te d Ivoire 2nd Guinea 2nd Mali as French Sudan 2nd Mauritania 2nd ... as French Somaliland 2nd Yemen Cheikh Sa d peninsula Spanish . Asia Middle East Lebanon 2nd Syria ... French India 1st only Pondicherry , Karikal , Yanaon , Mah , India Mah , and Chandernagore 2nd East Asia China Kwang Chou Wan leased territory, now the city of Zhanjiang Guangdong province 2nd French Concession territory concessions in Shanghai French Concession Shanghai , Guangzhou , Tianjin , and Hankou ...   more details



  1. French Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire

    Restoration , July Monarchy , Second French Republic Second Republic , Second French Empire Second Empire and Third French Republic Third Republic . ref name fremb Charles Fran ois de Riffardeau ... Auguste de Choiseul Gouffier 1784 1792 French Revolution and First French Empire Ambassadors under the French Revolution and First French Empire . ref name fremb Charles Louis Huguet 1792 1796 in name ... Bompard 1909 1914 References reflist External links http www.diplomatie.gouv.fr French Ministry of Foreign Affairs See also Franco Ottoman alliance Category Lists of French people Ambassadors Category French diplomats Category France Turkey relations Category Lists of ambassadors from France Ottoman Category Ambassadors of France to the Ottoman Empire Category 1535 establishments France Category Ambassadors to the Ottoman Empire fr Ambassade de France en Turquie pl Francuscy ambasadorzy w Turcji ...   more details



  1. French Empire mantel clock

    bronzier Pierre Philippe Thomire, ca. 1810. A French Empire style mantel clock , is a type of elaborately decorated mantel clock made in France over the Napoleonic Empire between 1804 1814 ... French Empire mantel clock.jpg left thumb 170px Ca. 1810 1815 ormolu Empire mantel clock, presenting ... regimes that clocks glorify the conduct of warfare. ref name www.uhrenaktuell.de File French Empire ... Clock Aurora France, middle 19 c. .jpg Empire revival timepiece of the second half of the 19th century ... style manufacturer with a more modern approach web in Russian DEFAULTSORT French Empire Mantel Clock ... Already by the end of the 18th century, from the 1780s on, the French mantel clocks participated ... of the Louis XV reign. The timekeepers manufactured both over the Louis XVI and the French First Republic ... employed and so remained throughout the Empire. Characteristics Materials and techniques File ... House . In the Empire style timepieces, bronze was the main material used and both the patinated bronze ..., and chasers in Paris. ref name www.uhrenaktuell.de http www.uhrenaktuell.de empire zaandam Empire Pendules Catalogue.pdf Pier Van Leeuwen, Empire style mantel clocks A golden dream in timepieces 2003 ... clock movements became a reliable mass produced product. Known as Pendule de Paris Paris, or French ... in most of the Empire ones remain anonymous making it difficult to attribute one particular ... then in vogue, the Empire style , a phase of Neoclassicism, based on the classical antiquity art both the ancient Greece and specially the Roman Empire. ref name zaandam.klokkenmuseum.info http zaandam.klokkenmuseum.info Pier Van Leeuwen, Empire mantel clocks A golden dream in timekeepers 2003 in the Museum .... For instance, the chariot clocks or pendules au char were an exceptional category within the Empire ... subjects, like the temple of love , gained popularity after the downfall of the Napoleon s Empire. During ... Empire. Finally under the reign of Charles X 1824 1830 , the case designs evolved gradually from ...   more details



  1. Nobility of the First French Empire

    functions. The title of marquis was not used during the First French Empire, and therefore ... French Empire but with no rights of sovereignty General Jean Toussaint Arrighi de Casanova ..., 1090 titles of baron were created. Today, the title of baron of the First French Empire is still claimed ... Footnotes references DEFAULTSORT Nobility Of The First French Empire Category Nobility of the First French Empire Category French nobility fr Noblesse d Empire it Nobilt del Primo Impero francese pl ... of nobility of Empire by an imperial decree on 1 March 1808. The purpose of this creation was to amalgamate ... leaders of the Empire Charles Maurice de Talleyrand P rigord Talleyrand was a prince of B n vent, some Marshal of France marshals of the Empire Duke for the principal dignitaries and marshals of the Empire ... Wars. There were 239 remaining families belonging to the First Empire nobility in 1975. Of those ... family the princes souverains or sovereign princes which had received a vassal principality of the Empire ... Elchingen . Bataille de la Moskowa is the French name for the Battle of Borodino . Dukes There were ... d Duke of Abrantes The Dukes of Abrant s French Title Abrant s , 1808 extinct 1859 but extended in female ... of the dukedom. These titles were allotted to only Marshal of France Marshals of the Empire and to certain ... d Empire or knight of Empire, but there had to be three generations of successive knights for the title to become hereditary. Between 1808 and 1814, 1600 titles of knight were created. See also French ...   more details



  1. Second French Indochina Campaign

    FixBunching beg Infobox Military Conflict conflict Second Campaign of French Indochina partof the South ... FixBunching mid Campaignbox South East Asia FixBunching end The Second French Indochina Campaign ... and Vietnam , then a French colony and known as French Indochina , during the final months of the Second ... March 26 August 1945 place French Indochina casus Japanese coup d tat territory result Japanese surrender to the Viet Minh combatant1 flagcountry Empire of Japan combatant2 flag France br flag French Indochina br flag United Kingdom hr flagicon North Vietnam 1945 Viet Minh commander1 flagicon Empire of Japan Yuichi Tsuchihashi br flagicon Empire of Japan Takeshi Tsukamoto commander2 flagicon France ... Grandjean 2004 ref br Annamese militias strength2 In March br 12,000 French, approx. 12,000 Annamese ref name Grandjean br Later French and British commandos from Force 136 , French and Lao guerrillas ... proper. However, the regions of Annam and Tonkin were French protectorates . The campaign resulted in short lived independence of the Empire of Vietnam , the Kingdom of Laos and the Kingdom of Cambodia , and in the complete disorganization of Indochina s French administration. A small scale ... an Allied offensive in French Indochina. The Vichy regime had ceased to exist in Europe, but its ... and contacted the Provisional Government of the French Republic ref Jacques Dalloz, La Guerre d Indochine ... French garrison towns, and on 9 March 1945, the Japanese delivered an ultimatum for the French ... officers invited the French commanders to a banquet. The officers who attended were arrested and almost ... surrender documents. ref The Damned Die Hard by Hugh McLeave ref The French upcountry garrisons ... French troops, including many French Foreign Legion naires ref The Damned Die Hard by Hugh McLeave ref fought its way through to Republic of China Nationalist China . ref name Windrow The French administration was effectively dismantled. The Japanese pressed the Empire of Vietnam, the Kingdom of Laos ...   more details



  1. French Second Republic

    lang fr R publique fran aise conventional long name French Republic common name France, Republic 2 ag continent Europe region country France era status status text empire government type Republic event start French Revolution of 1848 year start 1848 date start event end year end 1852 date end 2 December event1 French coup of 1851 date event1 2 December 1851 event2 date event2 event3 date event3 p1 July Monarchy flag p1 Flag of France.svg s1 Second French Empire flag s1 Flag of France.svg flag ... the Second French Empire Second Empire . It officially adopted the motto span lang fr Libert , galit , Fraternit span . The Second Republic witnessed the tension between the Social and Democratic ... of the French Second Republic capital Paris national motto span lang fr Libert , galit , fraternit ... stat pop2 political subdiv today flag France footnotes The French Second Republic or simply the Second ... Aprile, la Deuxi me R publique et le Second Empire , Pygmalion, 2000 ref and on 15 May, an armed mob ... 1852 , Paris, Seuil, 2002, 328 p. Sylvie Aprile, la Deuxi me R publique et le Second Empire , Pygmalion ... established in 1848 Category 1852 disestablishments Category French Second Republic Category Former ... French currency French Franc Titles and names of the first and last leaders and their deputies ... Government leader2 French Executive Commission 1848 Executive Commission small Joint ... year leader3 1848 title leader3 French Prime Minister President of the Council leader4 span lang ..., and as an emblem hoisted the red flag the 1791 red flag was, however, the symbol not merely of the French ... of May entrusted the supreme power to an French Executive Commission 1848 Executive Commission consisting ... of the Republic. Constitution The French Constitution of 1848 new constitution , obviously the work ..., which had unwisely aroused the memory of the country, filled as it was with recollections of the Empire ... saw his opportunity, and organised the French coup of 1851 . On the night between 1 2 December 1851 ...   more details



  1. File:Second Göktürk Empire (681-745).png

    The second G kt rk Empire 681 745 . From German Wikipedia. Original uploader was de User Postmann Michael PD ineligible ...   more details



  1. Second Eastern Army (Ottoman Empire)

    Infobox Military Unit unit name Second Eastern Army image caption dates October 29 ref name Erickson101 Edward J. Erickson, Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912 1913 , Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 101. ref November 7, 1912 ref name Erickson124 Edward J. Erickson, Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912 1913 , Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 124. ref country Ottoman Empire allegiance branch type Field Army role size command structure garrison garrison label equipment equipment label nickname patron List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire Sultans of the Ottoman Empire motto colors colors label march mascot battles anniversaries decorations battle honours Commanders current commander current commander label ceremonial chief ceremonial chief label colonel of the regiment colonel of the regiment label notable commanders Ferik rank Ferik Hamdi Pasha Insignia identification symbol identification symbol label identification symbol 2 identification symbol 2 label The Second Eastern Army of the Ottoman Empire Turkish language Turkish kinci ark Ordusu was one of the field army field armies of the Ottoman Army . It was formed during the initial phase of the First Balkan War . It confronted Kingdom of Bulgaria Bulgarian forces. It was formed from units of reorganized Eastern Army Ottoman Empire Eastern Army on October 29, 1912 ref name Erickson101 . Order of Battle October 29, 1912 On October 29, 1912, the army was structured as follows ref name Erickson83 Edward J. Erickson, Defeat in Detail, The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912 1913 , Westport, Praeger, 2003, p. 83. ref Second Eastern Army HQ Ferik rank Ferik Hamdi Pasha III Corps Ottoman Empire Balkan Wars III Corps commanded by Mirliva Mahmud Mukhtar Pasha Mahmut Muhtar Pasha VII Corps Ottoman Empire Balkan Wars VII Provisional Corps VIII Corps Ottoman Empire Balkan Wars VIII Provisional Corps Sources ... Empire Category Military units and formations of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan Wars ...   more details



  1. Second Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire)

    History of the Ottoman Empire sidebar Timeline Second Constitutional Era Ottoman Empire The Second Constitutional Era kinci Me r tiyyet Devri of the Ottoman Empire began shortly after ... s CUP domination in politics. The second biggest party Liberal Union Ottoman Empire LU tr H rriyet ... established many list of parties in the Ottoman Empire political groups . A series of elections ... Turk Revolution which began in the Balkans Balkan provinces spread quickly throughout the empire and resulted ... the Empire s sovereignty. Constitution of 1876 Seealso Kan n Es s File Ottoman Parliament ... Es s of the First Constitutional Era Ottoman Empire that had prevailed in 1876. Since the sultan ... violence between various communities in the empire was costing both lives and resources. This was an important ... was representation of the ethnic troubles plaguing the empire. The interchanges were performed ... the Empire was required from them. Policies Image Constantinople settings and traits 1926 Ottoman ... of the Ottoman Empire. CUP advocated a program of orderly reform under a strong central government ... operated primary schools. The new parliament sought to modernize the Empire s communications and transportation ... of the defaulted Ottoman foreign debt had been in European hands. The Ottoman Empire was virtually ... years. Second term, 1912 The CUP then sought national elections before the things slipped out ... countries preparing to launch a war against the Ottoman Empire. Many deputies owing allegiance ... Pasha . The primary reason for the coup had been the disastrous fortunes of the Ottoman Empire during ... Halim Pasha . Policies After the Balkan Wars , Ottoman Empire became an entity with two major constituents ... Empire to a Muslim core. The size of the CUP s majority in parliament proved to be a source of weakness ... politics of Ottoman Empire dealt with the decentralist demands of the Balkan nations. In 1913, the same ... already left the Empire after the Balkan Wars , a redefinition of Ottoman politics was in place with a greater ...   more details



  1. French post offices in the Ottoman Empire

    The French post offices in the Ottoman Empire were post office s in various cities of the Ottoman Empire run by France between 1812 and 1923. France was one of nine countries that had negotiated Capitulations with the Ottomans, various extraterritorial rights in exchange for trade opportunities. In the case of mail , the countries purpose was to facilitate communication between business interests at home and agents throughout the Middle East . The system came to end with the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. Image Stamp French PO Turkish 1885 1pi.jpg right 120px thumb 1 piaster overprint on 25 centime Type Sage , used at Beirut in December 1885 Originally, the post office used postage stamp s of France ... in 1885, some French stamps were Overprint surcharge d in piasters, at a rate of four piasters to the franc. Image Stamp French PO Turkish 1903 30c.jpg right 120px thumb 30c, 1902 Beginning in 1902 ... Piastre Beyrouth . Image Stamp French PO Turkish 1923 3pi30pa.jpg right 120px thumb 3 piaster 30 para overprint on French 25c World War I forced the closure of all the post offices on 13 October 1914 ... Stamp French PO Cavalle 4pi.jpg right 200px thumb Cavalle 4pi Post offices Alexandretta Beirut ... Stamp French PO Dedeagh 1902 10c.jpg right 120px thumb Dedeagh 10c, postmarked 21 March 1913 Dedeagh ... Latakia Mersin Merson Image Stamp French PO Port Lagos 1893 5c.jpg right 120px thumb Port Lagos overprint ... Stamp French PO Vathy 1894 15c.jpg right 120px thumb Vathy overprint on 15c Varna Volos See also French post offices abroad French post offices in Crete French post offices in Egypt Sources Stanley ... alice.fr index.htm Bureaux fran ais de l Empire ottoman , specialized website awarded by the Acad mie de philat lie in 2001. PostalhistoryEurope DEFAULTSORT French Post Offices In The Ottoman Empire Category Buildings and structures of the Ottoman Empire Category Communications in the Ottoman Empire ... de poste fran ais dans l Empire ottoman ru tr Osmanl mparatorlu u ...   more details



  1. List of Marshals of the First French Empire

    France Empire 1 index.html French website displaying flags of the Grande Arm e http www.militaryhistoryonline.com ... applied to the French and foreign officers, and no less than 140 foreigners attained the rank ... of Valengin. 1753 1815 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Joachim Murat , Prince d Empire, Grand Duke of Cl ves and Berg, King of Naples 1767 1815 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Bon Adrien Jeannot de Moncey , Duke of Con gliano 1754 1842 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Jean Baptiste Jourdan , Count Jourdan 1762 1833 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Andr Mass na , Duke of Rivoli, Prince of Essling 1758 1817 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Pierre Augereau Charles Pierre Fran ois Augereau , Duke of Castiglione 1757 1816 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Charles XIV John of Sweden Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte , Prince of Ponte Corvo, Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Guillaume Marie Anne Brune , Count Brune 1763 1815 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Jean de Dieu Soult , Duke of Dalmatie 1769 1851 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804, Marshal General of France in 1847 Jean Lannes , Duke of Montebello 1769 1809 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 KIA douard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier , Duke of Tr vise 1768 1835 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Michel Ney , Duke of Elchingen, Prince of Moscow 1769 1815 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Louis Nicolas Davout , Duke of Auerstaedt, Prince of Eckm hl 1770 1823 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Jean Baptiste Bessi res , Duke of Istria 1768 1813 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 KIA Fran ois Christophe de Kellermann , Duke of Valmy 1737 1820 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Honorary Fran ois Joseph Lefebvre , Duke of Dantzig 1755 1820 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Honorary Dominique Catherine de P rignon , Marquis of Grenade 1754 1818 , Marshal of the Empire in 1804 Honorary Jean Mathieu Philibert S rurier , Count S rurier 1742 1819 , Marshal of the Empire ... , Marshal of the Empire in 1807 tienne Jacques Joseph Alexandre MacDonald , Duke of Tarento 1765 ...   more details



  1. 130 departments of the First French Empire

    Image Dep fr.jpg thumb right 250px Map of the First French Empire in 1811 Empire fran ais divis en 130 d partements by MM. Drioux and Leroy Image Dep fr.svg thumb right 250px Map of the First French Empire in 1812, including the four French departments from Spain which had an incomplete juridical status This is a list of the 130 departments of France departments lang fr d partements , the conventional name for the administrative subdivisions of the First French Empire at the height of its territorial extent, circa 1811 . Note that the Illyrian Provinces were also part of France, but were not organised into departments, and so are not included in this list. Similarly, four additional French departments were also created in the part of Spain annexed in 1812 their juridical status remained incomplete until Spain was lost by the First French Empire in 1814. Those departments were Bouches de l bre , Montserrat department Montserrat , S gre department S gre and Ter department Ter . class wikitable width 20 Ain Cher department Cher Haut Rhin Maine et Loire style background ccc border solid 2px 666 Roer department Roer Aisne width 20 Corr ze Haute Garonne Manche style background a3b0bf border solid 2px cedff2 Rome department Rome Allier Corsica Corse Haute Loire style background f2e0ce border solid 2px bfb1a3 Marengo department Marengo style background cedff2 border solid 2px a3b0bf Sambre et Meuse style background cef2e0 border solid 2px a3bfb1 Alpes Maritimes C te d Or Haute Marne ... Empire on the left bank of the Rhine , annexed on various dates between 1795 and 1801 style background ... Holy Roman Empire German states , annexed in 1810 style background faecc8 border solid 2px ... links http www.1789 1815.com depts 1809.htm Descriptions of the departments in French Annexed departments of the First French Empire Category Former departments of France Category Client states of the Great French War br Listenn ar 130 departamant gall e 1811 ceb Talaan sa mga departamento kanhi ...   more details




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