source xi o target CD20 Clinical data tradename Rituxan Drugs.com drugs.com monograph rituximab pregnancy ... S 44 molecular weight 143859.7 g mol Rituximab , sold under the trade names Rituxan and MabThera , is a Chimera ... on the surface of B cells . Rituximab is used in the treatment of many lymphoma s, leukemia s, transplant rejection and some autoimmune disorder s. History Rituximab was developed by Biogen Idec IDEC ... Rituximab anti CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in patients with relapsed low grade non Hodgkin s lymphoma ... http www.bloodjournal.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 9310469 ref rituximab was approved by the U.S. ... chemotherapy regimens. ref cite journal author Scott SD title Rituximab a new therapeutic monoclonal ... article&sid nlm pubmed&issn 1065 4704&date 1998&volume 6&issue 3&spage 195 ref Rituximab, in combination ... Roche Gets EC Nod for Follicular Lymphoma Maintenance Therapy date October 29, 2010 ref Rituximab ... and the European Union , and by Chugai Pharmaceuticals and Zenyaku Kogyo in Japan. Uses Rituximab destroys ... B cells. Hematological neoplastic diseases Rituximab used to treat Hematological malignancy hematological neoplasms such as leukemia s and lymphoma s.The use of rituximab in Hodgkin s lymphoma, including ... KS, Azim HA Jr, Cocorocchio E, Vanazzi A, Saini ML, Raviele PR, Pruneri G, Peccatori FA title Rituximab ... year 2011 pmid 21183282 doi 10.1016 j.ctrv.2010.11.005 issue 5 ref In multiple myeloma , treatment with rituximab ... in some patients, rituximab treatment increases the number of circulating CD20 B cells. ref ... cells that persist in patients treated with rituximab. LM Pilarski, E Baigorri, MJ Mant, PM Pilarski ... Rituximab has been shown to be an effective rheumatoid arthritis treatment in three randomised ... T title Efficacy of B cell targeted therapy with rituximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ... of other autoimmune diseases, and rituximab is widely used off label to treat difficult cases ... with Rituximab in Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis ref systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 ICE is a combination chemotherapy regimen employing three drugs ifosfamide i fosfamide trade name Ifex , carboplatin c arboplatin trade name Paraplatin , and etoposide e toposide trade names VP 16, VePesid . This regimen is commonly used to treat primary progressive and poor risk recurrent lymphoma s. ref Follow up Care & Relapse. Lymphoma Research Foundation. http www.lymphoma.org site pp.aspx?c chKOI6PEImE&b 1574015&printmode 1 ref In the last few years, it has become more common to include the drug rituximab alongside the ICE protocol, a regimen commonly referred to as R ICE . Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody which binds to and helps destroy B cell s. ref Trial of Oxaliplatin, Cytosine Arabinoside, Dexamethasone With Rituxan ROAD in Patients With Relapsed Non Hodgkins Lymphoma. ClinicalTrials.gov. http clinicaltrials.gov show NCT00166439 ref References reflist DEFAULTSORT Ice Chemotherapy Regimen Category Chemotherapy regimens ... more details
Chemoimmunotherapy is chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy . Chemotherapy uses different drugs to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells immunotherapy uses treatments to stimulate or restore the ability of the immune system to fight cancer. A common chemoimmunotherapy regimen is CHOP combined with rituximab CHOP R for B cell non Hodgkin lymphoma s. External links http www.cancer.gov Templates db alpha.aspx?CdrID 270867 NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms Definition of chemoimmunotherapy Category Antineoplastic drugs oncology stub ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2010 copyedit date December 2011 Curaxys is a biopharmaceutical company specializing in the research, development and production of biosimilar drugs. Curaxys has been the pioneer fact date December 2011 in the use of insect cell in the production of biosimilars drug. In fact, up to now the insect cell culture platform has been used for the vaccine production, and never for other therapeutical proteins . Curaxys is also developing new techcnological platforms based in other expression system as bacteria , virus and yeast . The company is developing the recombinant proteins Insulin , Growth Hormone , Erythropoietin , Granulocyte colony stimulating factor GCSF and the Monoclonal antibody Monoclonal Antibodies mAb as Rituximab , Trastuzumab . The company is located in the Technological Park of Puerto de Santa Maria, in Cadiz Spain . Other therapeutic proteins are under development as the unspecific antibodies . Category Pharmaceutical companies of Spain ... more details
. Each dose is preceded by rituximab , in order to pre deplete B lymphocytes. ref http www.zevalin.com ... of rituximab given here is less than the usual dose. The first dose uses indium 111 ibritumomab for imaging ... with only rituximab similar to ibritumomab, but without the attached radioisotope , and showed very promising results for patients who no longer respond to rituximab. In patients with relapsed or refractory ... , the OR was 80 50 and CR was 34 20 , comparing ibritumomab to rituximab. ref http www.zevalin.com ... ref A study demonstrated that rituximab followed by single agent ibritumomab in a front line setting ... NHL , including patients with rituximab refractory follicular NHL. In December 2007, Cell Therapeutics ... more details
with rituximab or a rituximab containing regimen. ref cite web url http www.cephalon.com media ... , mitoxantrone , methotrexate , prednisone , rituximab , vincristine and sup 90 sup Y ibritumomab tiuxetan ... lymphoma MCL , with or without prior rituximab containing chemoimmunotherapy treatment, is bendamustine with mitoxantrone and rituximab. ref name Weide2007 cite journal author Weide R, Hess G, K ppler H, et al. title High anti lymphoma activity of bendamustine mitoxantrone rituximab in rituximab pretreated ... more details
RTX may refer to RTX Red Rock , an action adventure game for the PlayStation 2, which was developed and published by LucasArts Royal Trux , as an abbreviation for the name of the band Resiniferatoxin , a natural, high potency ligand that activates the capsaicin font color 0 capsaicin font VR1, TRPV1 receptor The name of a firm involved in the defense industry featured in the film The Falcon and the Snowman A brand of external RAID storage by manufacturer WiebeTech. The acronym stands for RAIDTech X where X is a variable number of bays. Real Time eXtensions for Windows 7 NT 2000 XP XPe Vista made by IntervalZero RTX2010 , a radiation hardened microprocessor which has been used in numerous spacecraft RTX toxin a type of toxin secreted by Gram negative bacteria font color 0 Gram negative bacteria font RTX stands for r epeats in t o x in Rituximab , a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of leukemia, lymphomas, transplant rejection and autoimmune disorders RTX or Rooster Teeth Expo, the official fan convention for Rooster Teeth Productions . disambiguation ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Panel Reactive Antibody PRA is a blood test that is routinely performed on patients waiting for kidney transplant kidney and heart transplant s and measures anti human antibodies in the blood. The PRA score is given as a percentage and can be from 0 to 99 . The PRA represents the percentage of the U.S. population that the anti human antibody in your blood reacts with. Patients develop anti HLA Human Leukocyte Antigen antibodies from exposure to HLA of other humans through previous transplants, blood transfusions and or pregnancy. Patients showing high Panel Reactive Antibodies are often referred to as sensitized. Patients with high PRA usually 50 are less likely to receive transplants as the risk for immediate antibody mediated rejection of the transplanted organ is significantly increased. Treatments to reduce PRA in sensitized transplant candidates exist including treatment with Rituximab a B cell specific antibody , IVIg , protein A immunoabsorption, plasmapheresis etc. Reference Jordan and Pescovitz, Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 1 421 432, 2006 http cjasn.asnjournals.org cgi content full 1 3 421 . Category Immune system ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Reditux is the trade name of an intended copy of rituximab , an anti CD20 antibody used in the treatment of certain lymphoma s, leukaemia s and rheumatoid arthritis . Reditux is produced by Dr reddy s Dr. Reddy s Laboratories , India s largest pharmaceutical company. Reditux was launched on April 30th, 2007 in Hydrabad, India. ref http www.biomarketgroup.com content view 122 7 Extended Views Dr Reddy s Indian generic Rituxan launch flashes warning to biologics industry ref Unlike conventional small molecule medicines, which can easily be copied and manufactured, large biological molecules such as antibodies cannot hence the term biosimilar . Biosimilars may have different molecular structure, purity, and functional characteristics, and consequently they cannot be considered the same molecule in the way that many generic medicines can . The safety and efficacy of Reditux has yet to be proven in a published clinical trial. References reflist Category Monoclonal antibodies for tumors antineoplastic drug stub Some South American countries have questioned the security of this drug. http elcomercio.pe lima 724847 noticia cuestionan cualidades farmaco usado tratamientos oncologicos 1 ... more details
these therapies, other options include rituximab , ref name pmid12001903 cite journal author Morselli ... after 2 courses of rituximab treatment journal Blood volume 99 issue 9 pages 3478 9 year 2002 ... A, et al. title Efficacy and safety of rituximab in adults warm antibody autoimmune haemolytic anemia ... more details
rituximab B cell non Hodgkin lymphoma CHOP COP or CHOP CVP Cyclophosphamide , Oncovin vincristine , prednisone ... , progressive neuroblastoma ICE R ICE chemotherapy regimen ICE rituximab High risk progressive ... , methotrexate , leucovorin Non Hodgkin lymphoma R FCM Rituximab , fludarabine , cyclophosphamide ... more details
B cell lymphoma DLBCL &ndash Phase III ref ClinicalTrialsGov NCTNCT01014208 Ofatumumab Versus Rituximab ... lymphoma MCL See also Rituximab , a chimerical anti CD20 antibody Ocrelizumab , a humanized 90 anti ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Infobox disease Name Cytokine release syndrome Image Caption DiseasesDB 34296 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Cytokine release syndrome is a common immediate complication occurring with the use of anti T cell antibody infusions such as Anti thymocyte globulin ATG , OKT3 and TGN1412 , but also with the CD 20 antibody rituximab . Severe cases are known as cytokine storm s. The pathogenesis is that the antibody antibodies bind to the T cell receptor, activating the T cells before they are destroyed. The cytokine s released by the activated T cells produce a type of systemic inflammatory response syndrome systemic inflammatory response similar to that found in severe infection characterised by hypotension , pyrexia and rigor medicine rigors . The patient feels very unwell, as if in a high fever &ndash indeed, the cytokine release syndrome is effectively a type of non infective fever. Deaths due to cytokine release syndrome with OKT3 muromonab CD3 have been reported, and it can cause life threatening pulmonary edema if the patient is fluid overloaded. However, if treated appropriately it is usually not dangerous, just extremely unpleasant for the patient. The effect is greatly reduced by using low dose OKT3 e.g. 2 mg instead of 5 mg, slow infusion instead of rapid injection, intravenous administration of an anti histamine such as chlorphenamine and a corticosteroid such as hydrocortisone prior to starting the ATG OKT3 infusion, with further doses of anti histamine and steroid given during the infusion if necessary, Acetaminophine 500 mg by mouth 1 hour before infusion to prevent fever. Moreover, it is recommended that any overhydration to be corrected before the administration the 1st dose either by dialysis or with intravenous furosemide, to prevent the possible development of pulmonary oedema. See also cytokine storm , life threatening massive release of cytokines DEFAULTSORT Cytokine R ... more details
Infobox disease Name Nodular sclerosis Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 C 81 1 c 81 ICD9 ICD9 201.5 ICDO ICDO 9663 3 9667 3 OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Nodular sclerosis or NSHL is a form of Hodgkin s lymphoma ref name pmid17908180 cite journal author Falchi L, Capello D, Palumbo B, et al. title A case of nodular sclerosis Hodgkin s lymphoma repeatedly relapsing in the context of composite plasma cell hyaline vascular Castleman s disease successful response to rituximab and radiotherapy journal Eur. J. Haematol. volume 79 issue 5 pages 455 61 year 2007 month November pmid 17908180 pmc 2121125 doi 10.1111 j.1600 0609.2007.00952.x ref that is the most common subtype of HL in developed countries. It affects females and males equally and has a median age of onset at 28 years. It is composed of large tumor nodules with lacunar Reed Sternberg cell RS cells surrounded by fibrotic collagen bands. The British National Lymphoma Investigation further categorized NSHL based upon Reed Sternberg cells into nodular sclerosis type I NS I and nodular sclerosis type II NS II , with the first subtype responding better to treatment. ref cite book last Mauch first Peter coauthors James Armitage, Volker Diehl, Richard Hoppe, Laurence Weiss title Hodgkin s Disease publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins date 1999 isbn 0 7817 1502 4 page 107 ref References reflist External links http pleiad.umdnj.edu hemepath hd types nshd img.html Illustration, at UMDNJ http www.pathguy.com bryanlee nshd.htm Illustration http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov entrez query.fcgi?cmd Retrieve&db PubMed&list uids 11712426&dopt Abstract PubMed use of Erythropoietin http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov books bv.fcgi?rid cmed.section.34158 Subtypes http www.lymphomas.org.uk userfiles file pdf Types 20of 20lymphoma hodgkin 20lymphoma Hodgkin 20lymphoma 20booklet.pdf Lymphoma Association information on nodular sclerosing Lymphoid malignancy Category Histopathology Category Lymphoma disease stub ... more details
is sometimes used at first relapse. For frontline treatment, CHOP with rituximab Rituxan, Mabthera ... side effects mostly hematologic is HyperCVAD , often given as in patient, with rituximab and generally ... results, especially with rituximab. It can be used on some elderly over 65 patients, but seems ... monotherapy, sometimes combined with cyclophosphamide and mitoxantrone, usually with rituximab ... used and effective rituximab monoclonal antibody, sold under the trade name Rituxan or as Mabthera in Europe and Australia . Some say it is a landmark in medicine who? date December 2011 . Rituximab ... response duration. Rituximab essentially tags the cancer cells for destruction by the body. There are newer ... RIT . These include Zevalin and Bexxar . Rituximab has also been used in small numbers of patients ... of rituximab plus thalidomide in patients with relapsed refractory mantle cell lymphoma journal Blood ... cycles of chemotherapy combined with Rituximab. In contrast to these antibody based passive immunotherapies ... more details
and have a poor response to second line rituximab containing treatments even when these regimens involve ... such as rituximab. ref name Davis cite journal last1 Davis first1 TA last2 Czerwinski first2 DK ... lost CD20 expression during treatment with rituximab. Lab tests involving 5 Aza showed that CD20 expression and rituximab sensitivity could be restored in some cases using epigenetic drug treatment ... after treatment with rituximab containing combination chemotherapies its prevalence and clinical ... 2008 08 175208 ref Rituximab Rituxan. The mechanism of action of Rituximab against DLBCL is not fully understood, but studies suggest that rituximab modulates cellular and molecular signal transduction ... polymorphisms alter outcomes of diffuse large B cell lymphoma following rituximab plus CHOP chemotherapy ... more details
, often autoimmune. Treatment Avoid cold weather. Treat the underlying lymphoma. Treatment with rituximab ... BT, et al. title Rituximab for primary chronic cold agglutinin disease a prospective study of 37 courses ... more details
prior to the use of rituximab , which is now included with anthracycline based combination ... . Rituximab has dramatically improved the outcomes of lymphoma patients, and its effect on the prognostic ... more details
Rituximab has been used in lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin s lymphoma with encouraging results. ref cite ... FA title Rituximab in Hodgkin lymphoma Is the target always a hit? journal Cancer Treat Rev ... more details
rituximab . ref name PMID2409217 cite journal author Wyndham H. Wilson, Kieron Dunleavy, Stefania ... Rituximab in Untreated Diffuse Large B cell Lymphoma with Analysis of Germinal Center and Post ... doxorubicin vincristine methotrexate cytarabine ifosfamide etoposide rituximab ref name pmid17534164 ..., and radiotherapy . Prognosis Treatment with dose adjusted EPOCH with Rituxan rituximab has ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 33208 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO 9766 1 OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 1369 MeshID D008230 Lymphomatoid granulomatosis is a neoplastic disease. It is a lymphoproliferative disorder lymphomatoid means lymphoma like . The word granulomatosis denotes one of its microscopic character, polymorphic lymphoid infiltrates and focal necrosis within it. While most commonly found in older patients, in 2008 the youngest patient ever 13 was diagnosed with this cancer. Citation needed date January 2010 It usually involves lung, skin, and central nervous system. It was first characterized in 1972. ref cite journal author Liebow AA, Carrington CR, Friedman PJ title Lymphomatoid granulomatosis journal Hum. Pathol. volume 3 issue 4 pages 457 558 year 1972 pmid 4638966 doi 10.1016 S0046 8177 72 80005 4 ref Causes It is induced by Epstein Barr virus . ref name pmid14993719 cite journal author Agarwal V, Agarwal A, Pal L, Misra R title Arthritis in lymphomatoid granulomatosis report of a case and review of literature journal Indian J Med Sci volume 58 issue 2 pages 67 71 year 2004 month February pmid 14993719 doi url http www.indianjmedsci.org article.asp?issn 0019 5359 year 2004 volume 58 issue 2 spage 67 epage 71 aulast Agarwal ref Prognosis There is no known cure. It is resistant to ordinary chemotherapy . ref name pmid18079567 cite journal author Oosting Lenstra SF, van Marwijk Kooy M title Failure of CHOP with rituximab for lymphomatoid granulomatosis journal Neth J Med volume 65 issue 11 pages 442 7 year 2007 pmid 18079567 doi url http www.zuidencomm.nl njm getarticle.php?v 65&i 11&p 442 ref There currently is a protocol being run by Dr. Wyndham H. Wilson at the NIH. The experimental treatment involves the use of interferon s. ref cite web url http bethesdatrials.cancer.gov Wilson 94c0074 default.asp title National Cancer Institute Clinical Trials at NIH Clinical Research Clinical Trial Spotlight Lymphomatoid Granulomat ... more details
Biological response modifiers , also known as BRM s, are substances that the human body produces naturally, as well as something that scientists can create in a lab. These substances arouse the body s response to an infection. Some of these are used to treat arthritis, cancer, and some other diseases. Biologics include Monoclonal antibodies, Interleukin 2, Interferon, various types of colony stimulating factors CSF, GM CSF, G CSF Immunotherapy makes use of BRMs to enhance the activity of the immune system to increase the body s natural defense mechanisms against cancer ref http www.cancerquest.org index.cfm?page 186 ref whereas BRMs for rheumatoid arthritis aim to reduce inflammation. Some of the effects of BRMs include nausea and vomiting, diarrhea , loss of appetite , fever and chills, muscle aches, weakness, skin rash, an increased tendency to bleed, or swelling. Citation needed date October 2008 Abciximab Mechanism of action A monoclonal antibody that binds to the glycoprotein receptor IIb IIIa on activated platelets, preventing aggregation. Clinical use Acute coronary syndrome s, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Toxicity Bleeding, thrombocytopenia . Etanercept Enbrel Mechanism of action Recombinant form of human TNF receptor that binds Tumor necrosis factors TNF . Clinical use Rheumatoid arthritis , psoriasis , ankylosing spondylitis . Infliximab Remicade Mechanism of action A monoclonal antibody to Tumor necrosis factors TNF , proinflammatory cytokine. Clinical use Crohn s disease , rheumatoid arthritis , ankylosing spondylitis . Toxicity Respiratory infection , fever , hypotension . Predisposes to infections reactivation of latent TB . Rituximab Rituxan Mechanism of action A monoclonal antibody to CD20 surface immunoglobulin. Clinical use Lymphoma Trastuzumab Herceptin Mechanism of action A monoclonal antibody against HER2 neu erb B2 . Helps kill breast cancer cells that overexpress HER 2, possibly through antibody dependent cytotoxicity. Clini ... more details
A Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction is a type of transfusion reaction . ref name pmid18055978 cite journal author Noizat Pirenne F, Bachir D, Chadebech P, et al title Rituximab for prevention of delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction in sickle cell disease journal Haematologica volume 92 issue 12 pages e132 5 year 2007 month December pmid 18055978 doi 10.3324 haematol.12074 url http www.haematologica.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 18055978 ref ref name pmid12777582 cite journal author Talano JA, Hillery CA, Gottschall JL, Baylerian DM, Scott JP title Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction hyperhemolysis syndrome in children with sickle cell disease journal Pediatrics volume 111 issue 6 Pt 1 pages e661 5 year 2003 month June pmid 12777582 doi 10.1542 peds.111.6.e661 url http pediatrics.aappublications.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 12777582 ref ref name pmid19131783 cite journal author Elenga N, Mialou V, Keba li K, Galambrun C, Bertrand Y, Pondarre C title Severe neurologic complication after delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction in 2 children with sickle cell anemia significant diagnosis and therapeutic challenges journal J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. volume 30 issue 12 pages 928 30 year 2008 month December pmid 19131783 doi 10.1097 MPH.0b013e31818c9172 url http meta.wkhealth.com pt pt core template journal lwwgateway media landingpage.htm?an 00043426 200812000 00015 ref This can occur one to four weeks after the transfusion. ref name urlComplications of Transfusion Transfusion Medicine Merck Manual Professional cite web url http www.merck.com mmpe sec11 ch146 ch146e.html sec11 ch146 ch146d 1091 title Complications of Transfusion Transfusion Medicine Merck Manual Professional format work accessdate ref One way this can occur is if a person without a Kidd blood antigen receives a Kidd antigen in a transfusion . A hemolytic reaction can occur between 3 to 14 days as a result of a secondary immune response, with a drop in hemoglobin level, fever , jaundice , ... more details
Infobox Company name Spectrum Pharmaceuticals logo type Public company Public br nasdaq SPPI genre foundation founder location city location country location Irvine, California locations area served key people R. Shrotriya, small Chief Executive Officer small industry Medication Pharmaceuticals products services market cap revenue operating income net income assets equity owner num employees parent divisions subsid homepage http www.spectrumpharm.com www.spectrumpharm.com footnotes intl yes Spectrum Pharmaceuticals is an American biopharmaceutical company. The company is located in Irvine, California . Drugs Spectrum s drugs are for treatments in oncology and urology . Approved drugs In the US, Spectrum markets Fusilev and Zevalin. Fusilev Levoleucovorin for injection is a drug that was approved by the Food and Drug Administration United States U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2008 for the US the drug had been on the market in a number of European countries. Zevalin, as part of the Zevalin therapeutic regimen, is indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory, low grade or follicular B cell non Hodgkin s lymphoma NHL , including patients with rituximab refractory follicular NHL. It has been approved by the FDA in 2002. In development A number of drugs are currently investigated in clinical trial s. ref http clinicaltrials.gov ct2 results?term &recr Open&type &cond &intr &spons spectrum pharmaceuticals&id &state1 &cntry1 &state2 &cntry2 &state3 &cntry3 &locn &rcv s &rcv e Clinical trials ref EOquin Apaziquone is a synthetic bio reductive prodrug intended for the treatment of non invasive bladder cancer that is currently in Phase 3 studies. Allergan has invested money in 2008 to help develop this medication further and bring it to the market. ref cite journal author Marcial G title Cancer drugs from Spectrum journal Businessweek , June 15, 2009 page 67 ref In Phase 2 studies are Ozarelix , for the treatment of prostate cancer and benign prosta ... more details
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