Pulmonaryrenalsyndrome is a rare medical syndrome involving bleeding in the lungs and nephropathy kidney damage ref name Herman cite journal last Herman first PG coauthors Balikian JP, Seltzer SE, Ehrie M title The pulmonaryrenalsyndrome journal American Journal of Roentgenology volume 130 issue 6 pages 1141 1148 publisher American Roentgen Ray Society month June year 1978 url http www.ajronline.org cgi reprint 130 6 1141 pmid 418654 ref glomerulonephritis . ref name pmid17202734 cite journal author Sugimoto T, Deji N, Kume S, et al. title Pulmonaryrenalsyndrome, diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage and glomerulonephritis, associated with Wegener s granulomatosis effectively treated with early plasma exchange therapy journal Intern. Med. volume 46 issue 1 pages 49 53 year 2007 pmid 17202734 doi 10.2169 internalmedicine.46.6070 url ref Causes Causes are usually autoimmune . It is most commonly due to Wegener s granulomatosis or Goodpasture s syndrome . Other causes include systemic lupus erythematosus and microscopic polyangiitis . ref name urlPulmonary RenalSyndrome Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage and PulmonaryRenalSyndrome Merck Manual Professional cite web url http www.merck.com mmpe sec05 ch059 ch059b.html title PulmonaryRenalSyndrome Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage and PulmonaryRenalSyndrome Merck Manual Professional format work accessdate 2010 04 09 ref References reflist med stub Respiratory pathology Urologic disease Hypersensitivity and autoimmune diseases Category Lung disorders ... more details
from a mutation in the EYA1 gene . ref OMIM 113650 Branchiootorenal Syndrome 1 BOR1 ref ref http www.genetests.com ...&filename profiles bor index.html Branchiootorenal syndrome from Gene Reviews ref Autosomal dominant ... has the disorder. See also Lachiewicz Sibley syndrome References reflist Phakomatoses and other congenital ... dominant disorders Genetic disorder stub fr Syndrome branchio oto r nal it Sindrome branchio oto ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM 208085 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Arthrogryposis renal dysfunction cholestasis syndrome also known as ARC syndrome is a cutaneous condition caused by a mutation in the VPS33B gene. ref name Bolognia cite book author Rapini, Ronald P. Bolognia, Jean L. Jorizzo, Joseph L. title Dermatology 2 Volume Set publisher Mosby location St. Louis year 2007 pages isbn 1 4160 2999 0 oclc doi accessdate ref See also Multiple sulfatase deficiency List of cutaneous conditions References reflist Dermatology stub Inherited disorders of trafficking Category Genodermatoses ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Renal dysplasia limb defects syndrome Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 Group Major minor LinkGroup LinkMajor ICD9 ICD9 xxx ICDO OMIM 266910 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Renal dysplasia limb defects syndrome RL syndrome , also known as Ulbright&ndash Hodes syndrome , ref cite pmid 19244077 ref is a very rare ref RareDiseases 5394 ref autosome autosomal dominance genetics recessive congenital disorder . ref name rlar cite pmid 2240030 ref ref cite web url http www.wrongdiagnosis.com medical rl syndrome.htm title RL syndrome at Wrongdiagnosis.com accessdate July 27, 2010 ref It has been described in three infants, all of whom died shortly after birth. ref name ORPHA cite web url http www.orpha.net consor cgi bin OC Exp.php?Lng GB&Expert 3404 title ORPHANET About rare diseases Ulbright Hodes syndrome accessdate July 27, 2010 ref Characteristics RL syndrome is characterized by renal dysplasia , growth retardation , phocomelia or mesomelia , radiohumeral fusion joining of radius and humerus , rib abnormalities, anomalies of the external genitalia and potter like facies among many others. ref name ORPHA ref name orph2 cite web url http www.orpha.net consor cgi bin patsgn data.php?PatId 3002&PatLbl Ulbright hodes syndrome&Asb Pat&PHPSESSID 3ad9f6172ad44e15a75ae9d10c3983bb title ORPHANET More on Ulbright Hodes syndrome accessdate July 27, 2010 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref Genetics Image Autorecessive.jpg thumb right Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. RL syndrome is heredity inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. ref name rlar This means the defective gene responsible for the disorder is located on an autosome , and two copies of the defective gene one inherited from each parent are required in order to be born with the disorder. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive disorder both genetic carrier carry one copy of the defective gene, but usually ... more details
side of the body, where these veins drain directly into the IVC. Pathology Diseases associated with the renal vein include renal vein thrombosis RVT and nutcracker syndromerenal vein entrapment syndrome ... which receives blood from the posterior portion. Often, each renal vein will have a branch that receives ..., the left renal vein is generally the longer of the two. Because the inferior vena cava is not laterally symmetrical, the left renal vein often receives the following veins ref http anatomy.med.umich.edu ... and kidneys.png 3D rendered x ray computed tomography computed tomography , showing one renal vein ... Right renal vein and right renal artery, after dissection. gallery See also renal physiology Nutcracker Syndrome References reflist External links SUNYAnatomyFigs 40 06 05 Retroperitoneal structures ... renalis es Vena renal fr Veine r nale it Vene renali ja pl y y nerkowe pt Veia renal fi Munuaislaskimo ... more details
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis intermed mag.jpg Caption Micrograph showing a renal core biopsy ... A renal biopsy is a procedure in which a sample of kidney also called renal tissue is obtained ... a Kidney renal disorder . Indications Renal biopsy is recommended for selected patients with Nephrology ... are examples of the most common reasons for biopsy Hematuria with renal disease Hematuria ... urinary tract . While renal biopsy is not indicated in all cases of hematuria, it may be performed in those with hematuria as well as progressive renal disease such as increasing proteinuria or blood pressure . Proteinuria Proteinuria protein in the urine occurs in many patients with renal conditions. Renal biopsy is usually reserved for patients with relatively high or increasing levels of proteinuria or for patients who have proteinuria along with other signs of renal dysfunction. A patient with nephrotic syndrome significant proteinuria, low blood albumin level, and oedema swelling of the arms and legs may need a renal biopsy, especially if the patient has Lupus erythematosus systemic lupus erythematosus SLE . Other patients with nephrotic syndrome may require a renal biopsy, depending upon the suspected cause of the nephrotic syndrome. Acute renal failure renal failure refers to kidney injury that impairs Renal physiology kidney function . It can occur abruptly called acute renal failure or progress over a period of time called chronic renal failure . The cause of acute renal failure can usually be determined without renal biopsy. Biopsy is performed in those instances when the cause is uncertain. Nephritic syndrome Acute nephritic syndrome Patients with acute nephritic syndrome have hematuria, proteinuria, Hypertension high blood pressure , and impaired renal function . Renal biopsy may be recommended to determine the cause of nephritic syndrome unless it can be determined ... infections , and obesity . ref cite journal author Whittier L, Korbet S title Renal biopsy update ... more details
The renal sinus is a cavity within the kidney which is occupied by the renal pelvis , renal calyx renal calyces , blood vessels, nerves and fat. External links eMedicineDictionary Renal sinus kidney genitourinary stub Category Kidney anatomy lt Inksto antis ... more details
malformation Hantavirus pulmonarysyndrome High altitude pulmonary edema HAPE , probably ...Infobox Disease Name Pulmonary edema Image PulmEdema.PNG Caption Pulmonary edema with small pleural effusions ... Pulmonary edema American English , or oedema British English both words from the Greek polytonic ... DorlandsDict three 000033856 pulmonary edema ref It leads to impaired gas exchange and may cause ... blood from the pulmonary circulation cardiogenic pulmonary edema , see below, or an injury to the lung parenchyma or vasculature of the lung noncardiogenic pulmonary edema , see below. ref name Ware Ware LB, Matthay MA. Acute pulmonary edema. N Engl J Med 2005 353 2788 96. DOI 10.1056 NEJMcp052699 ... avoiding further damage to the lung. Pulmonary edema, especially in the acute setting, can ... and signs The overwhelming symptom of pulmonary edema is shortness of breath difficulty breathing ... pulmonary edema due to left ventricular failure. The chronic development of pulmonary edema may be associated ... File Pulmonary oedema.jpg thumb right X Ray showing Pulmonary oedema There is no one single test which confirms that breathlessness is caused by pulmonary edema, indeed in many cases the causes of shortness ... readings support the proposed diagnosis by suggesting a pulmonary shunt . Chest X ray will show fluid ... especially in cardiogenic pulmonary edema by demonstrating impaired left ventricular function, high central venous pressure central venous pressures and high pulmonary artery pressures. In certain ... are performed for electrolyte s sodium, potassium and markers of renal function creatinine, urea ... 100 pg ml suggest a cardiac cause is unlikely. ref name Ware Causes Pulmonary edema is an accumulation ... may be direct injury or injury mediated by high pressures within the pulmonary circulation. When directly or indirectly caused by increased left ventricular pressure pulmonary edema may form when mean pulmonary pressure rises from the normal of 15 mmHg ref http www.nhlbi.nih.gov health dci Diseases ... more details
Other uses Cortex disambiguation Infobox Anatomy Name Renal cortex Latin GraySubject 253 GrayPage 1221 Image Illu kidney.jpg Caption table width 100 tr valign top td align left width 45 1 Parenchyma br 2 Cortex br 3 Renal medulla Medulla br 4 Perirenal fat br 5 Renal capsule Capsule br 6 Ureter td td align left 7 Renal pelvis Pelvis of kidney br 8 Renal artery and Renal vein br 9 Hilum of kidney Hilus br 10 Calyx kidney Calyx td tr table Image2 Illu kidney2.jpg Caption2 Frontal section through the kidney System Precursor MeshName Kidney cortex MeshNumber A05.810.453.324 DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The renal cortex is the outer portion of the kidney between the renal capsule and the renal medulla . In the adult, it forms a continuous smooth outer zone with a number of projections renal column cortical columns that extend down between the renal pyramids pyramids . It contains the renal corpuscle s and the renal tubule s except for parts of the loop of Henle which descend into the renal medulla . It also contains blood vessels and cortical collecting duct s. The renal cortex is the part of the kidney where Ultrafiltration renal ultrafiltration occurs. Erythropoietin is produced in the renal cortex. Additional images gallery File Njuren.gif Kidney File Kidney Cortex.JPG Microscopic cross section of the renal cortex File Kidney cd10 ihc.jpg CD10 immunohistochemical staining of normal kidney . CD10 stains the proximal convoluted tubule s and glomeruli . gallery Contains afferent arterioles External links SUNYAnatomyLabs 40 06 01 03 Posterior Abdominal Wall Internal Structure of a Kidney kidney Category Kidney anatomy genitourinary stub ca C rtex renal it corticale renale tr B brek korteksi zh ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin capsula adiposa renis, capsula fibrosa renis GraySubject 253 GrayPage 1220 Image Illu kidney.jpg Caption table width 100 tr td align left small 1. Parenchyma br 2. Renal cortex Cortex br 3. Renal medulla Medulla br 4. Perirenal fat br 5. small Renal capsule small td td align left small 6. Ureter br 7. Renal pelvis Pelvis of kidney br 8. Renal artery and Renal vein br 9. Hilum of kidney Renal hilum br 10. Calyx kidney Calyx td tr table Image2 Gray1126.png Caption2 Transverse section, showing the relations of the capsule of the kidney. Labeled as adipose capsule . System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 07 DorlandsSuf 12211754 The renal capsule is a tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney and covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue . It provides some protection from trauma and damage. The renal capsule relates to the other layers in the following order moving from innermost to outermost renal medulla renal cortex renal capsule perinephric fat or perirenal fat renal fascia paranephric fat or pararenal fat peritoneum anteriorly , and transversalis fascia posteriorly . Adipose capsule The perinephric fat may be regarded as a part of the renal capsule, called the adipose capsule of kidney . Additional images gallery Image Illu kidney2.jpg Frontal section through the kidney gallery See also Renal medulla Renal pyramid Renal artery Renal vein References reflist External links PSUAnatomy urogen dissectkidney2 DartmouthHumanAnatomy figures chapter 29 29 5.HTM kidney genitourinary stub Category Kidney anatomy ca C psula renal it Capsula renale fi Munuaiskotelo ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Renal pyramids Latin pyramides renales GraySubject 253 GrayPage 1221 Image Kidney PioM.png Caption table width 100 tr td align left small 1. small Renal pyramid small br 2. Efferent artery br 3. Renal artery br 4. Renal vein br 5. Hilum of kidney Renal hilum br 6. Renal pelvis br 7. Ureter br 8. Minor calyx br 9. Renal capsule td td align left small 10. Inferior renal capsule br 11. Superior renal capsule br 12. Afferent vein br 13. Nephron br 14. Minor calyx br 15. Major calyx br 16. Renal papilla br 17. Renal column td tr table Image2 Gray1127.png Caption2 Vertical section of kidney. System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre p 03 DorlandsSuf 13479070 Renal pyramids or malpighian pyramids are cone shaped biological tissue tissue s of the kidney . The renal medulla is made up of 7 to 18 of these conical subdivisions usually 7 in humans . The broad base of each pyramid faces the renal cortex , and its wikt apex apex , or Renal papilla papilla , points internally. The pyramids appear striped because they are formed by straight parallel segments of nephron s. Additional images gallery Image Illu kidney2.jpg Frontal section through the kidney gallery The base of each pyramid originates at the corticomedullary border and the apex terminates in a papilla, which lies within a minor calyx, made of parallel bundles of urine collecting tubules. See also Renal sinus Medullary interstitium Renal capsule External links SUNYAnatomyFigs 40 03 02 kidney Category Kidney anatomy genitourinary stub ca Pir mide renal es Pir mide renal fi Munuaispyramidi ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 In physiology , the renal threshold is the concentration of a substance dissolved in the blood above which the kidney s begin to remove it into the urine . When the renal threshold of a substance is exceeded, reabsorption of the substance by the proximal renal tubuli is incomplete consequently, part of the substance remains in the urine. Renal thresholds vary by substance the low potency poison urea , for instance, is removed at much lower concentrations than glucose . Indeed, the most common reason for the glucose renal threshold ever being exceeded is diabetes . Renal thresholds vary by species and by physiological condition thus an animal may have different renal thresholds while hibernation hibernating , Renal thresholds can also be altered by many drugs, and may change in characteristic ways during certain illnesses. Taken together, the collection of a kidney s renal thresholds essentially define much of its function in renal physiology . Many tests of kidney function amount to measures of renal thresholds for various substances. DEFAULTSORT Renal Threshold Category Nephrology ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin columnae renales GraySubject 253 GrayPage 1221 Image Illu kidney2.jpg Caption Kidney Image2 Kidney PioM.png Caption2 table width 100 tr td align left small 1. Renal pyramid br 2. Efferent artery br 3. Renal artery br 4. Renal vein br 5. Hilum of kidney Renal hilum br 6. Renal pelvis br 7. Ureter br 8. Minor calyx br 9. Renal capsule td td align left small 10. Inferior renal capsule br 11. Superior renal capsule br 12. Afferent vein br 13. Nephron br 14. Minor calyx br 15. Major calyx br 16. Renal papilla br 17. small Renal column td tr table System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 48 DorlandsSuf 12251193 The renal column or Bertin column , or column of Bertin is a medullary extension of the renal cortex in between the renal pyramid s. It allows the cortex to be better anchored. Each column consists of lines of blood vessels and urinary tubes and a fibrous material. See also Renal pyramids Renal papilla Renal medulla External links eMedicineDictionary renal columns SUNYAnatomyLabs 40 06 01 06 Posterior Abdominal Wall Internal Structure of a Kidney Chorus 01055 BUHistology 15901loa Urinary System neonatal kidney http membranebiology.mgh.harvard.edu KidneyImages Kidneyanatomy HumanKidney.html Image at mgh.harvard.edu genitourinary stub Kidney Category Kidney anatomy ca Columna renal fr Colonne de Bertin it Colonne renali del Bertin ru ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin GraySubject GrayPage Image Kidney PioM.png Caption table width 100 tr td align left small 1. Renal pyramid br 2. Efferent artery br 3. Renal artery br 4. Renal vein br 5. Hilum of kidney Renal hilum br 6. Renal pelvis br 7. Ureter br 8. Minor calyx br 9. Renal capsule td td align left small 10. Inferior renal capsule br 11. Superior renal capsule br 12. Afferent vein br 13. Nephron br 14. Minor calyx br 15. Major calyx br 16. small Renal papilla small br 17. Renal column td tr table Image2 Illu kidney2.jpg Caption2 Frontal section through the kidney. System MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf In the kidney , the renal papilla is the location where the medullary pyramids empty urine into the minor calyx . Histologically it is marked by medullary collecting duct system collecting ducts converging to form a duct of Bellini to channel the fluid. Transitional epithelium begins to be seen. Role in disease Some chemicals toxic to the kidney, called nephrotoxin s, exert their damage at the renal papillae. Damage to the renal papillae may result in death to cells in this region of the kidney, called renal papillary necrosis . See also Renal pyramids Renal medulla Collecting duct system External links SUNYAnatomyLabs 40 06 01 07 Posterior Abdominal Wall Internal Structure of a Kidney BUHistology 15901loa Urinary System neonatal kidney NormanAnatomy posteriorabdomen NormanAnatomyFig renalpelvis Gray s genitourinary stub Kidney Category Kidney anatomy ca Papil la renal pt Papila renal ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Renal oncocytoma Image Renal oncocytoma3.jpg Caption Micrograph of a renal oncocytoma . DiseasesDB 31956 ICD10 ICD9 ICDO ICDO 8290 0 OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Image Onkozytom der Niere.jpg thumb Renal oncocytoma of the right kidney at CT. A renal oncocytoma ... nuclei with large nucleoli . Pathophysiology Renal oncocytoma is thought to arise from the intercalated cells of collecting duct s of the kidney. It represent 5 to 15 of surgically resected renal neoplasm s. Ultrastructurally, the eosinophilic cells have numerous mitochondria . Diagnosis Image Renal oncocytoma.jpg thumb 200px right Gross examination Gross appearance of a renal oncocytoma left of image ... . The main differential diagnosis of renal oncocytoma is chromophobe renal cell carcinoma oncocytic variant , which like the renal oncocytoma has eosinophilic cytoplasm, but has perinuclear clearing ... of renal oncocytomas are asymptomatic, discovered incidentally by chance on a tomography or ultrasound ... mass. Treatment Renal oncocytoma is considered benign tumor benign , cured by nephrectomy . There are some ..., page 1015 full ref Renal oncocytoma are considered benign however, they may be resected to exclude a malignant tumor, e.g. renal cell carcinoma . See also Kidney Renal cell carcinoma Additional images gallery Image Renal oncocytoma2.jpg Micrograph of a renal oncocytoma. H&E stain . Image Renal oncocytoma4.jpg Micrograph of a renal oncocytoma. H&E stain. Image Renal oncocytoma 1 .jpg Micrograph of a renal oncocytoma. H&E stain. Image Renal oncocytoma 2 .jpg Micrograph of a renal oncocytoma. H&E stain. Image Renal oncocytoma 3 .jpg Micrograph of a renal oncocytoma. H&E stain. Image Oncocytic chromophobe rcc high mag.jpg Micrograph of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma RCC oncocytic variant , the main differential diagnosis of renal oncocytoma. gallery References reflist Epithelial neoplasms Urologic neoplasia DEFAULTSORT Renal Oncocytoma Category Benign renal neoplasms ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin p. renallis GraySubject 253 GrayPage 1221 Image Illu kidney2.jpg Caption Frontal section through kidney. Image2 Kidney PioM.png Caption2 table width 100 tr td align left small 1. Renal pyramid br 2. Efferent arteriole br 3. Renal artery br 4. Renal vein br 5. Hilum of kidney Renal hilum br 6. small Renal pelvis small br 7. Ureter br 8. Minor calyx br 9. Renal capsule td td align left small 10. Inferior renal capsule br 11. Superior renal capsule br 12. Afferent arteriole br 13. Nephron br 14. Minor calyx br 15. Major calyx br 16. Renal papilla br 17. Renal column td tr table System Precursor Ureteric bud MeshName Kidney pelvis MeshNumber A05.810.453.537 DorlandsPre p 10 DorlandsSuf 13473676 The renal pelvis or pyelum is the funnel like dilated proximal part of the ureter in the kidney . In humans, the renal pelvis is the point of convergence of two or three major calyces . Each renal papilla is surrounded by a branch of the renal pelvis called a Calyx kidney calyx . The major function of the renal pelvis is to act as a funnel for urine flowing to the ureter . The renal pelvis is the location of several kinds of kidney cancer . Its mucous membrane is covered with transitional epithelium , and an underlying lamina propria of loose to dense connective tissue . Additional images gallery Image Gray1118.png Primitive kidney and bladder, from a reconstruction. gallery gallery Image Gray1127.png Vertical section of kidney. gallery See also Staghorn calculus Renal sinus Hydronephrosis External links SUNYAnatomyFigs 40 03 07 Section of the kidney, anterior view. SUNYAnatomyImage 8 9 62 UCDavisOrganology Urinary mammal pelvis0 pelvis1 Mammal, renal pelvis Gross, Medium UCDavisOrganology Urinary mammal pelvis1 pelvis1 Mammal, renal pelvis LM, Medium kidney genitourinary stub Category Kidney anatomy ca Pelvis renal cs Ledvinov p nvi ka de Nierenbecken es Pelvis renal fr Pelvis r nal ja pl Miedniczka nerkowa pt Pelve renal fi Munuaisallas ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Renal medulla Latin GraySubject 253 GrayPage 1221 Image Illu kidney.jpg Caption table width 100 tr valign top td align left width 45 1 Parenchyma br 2 Renal cortex Cortex br 3 Medulla br 4 Perirenal fat br 5 Renal capsule Capsule br 6 Ureter td td align left 7 Renal pelvis Pelvis of kidney br 8 Renal artery and Renal vein br 9 Hilum of kidney Hilus br 10 Calyx kidney Calyx td tr table Image2 Gray1127.png Caption2 Vertical section of kidney. Label medullary sub. visible near top. System MeshName Kidney medulla MeshNumber A05.810.453.466 DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney . The renal medulla is split up into a number of sections, known as the renal pyramids . Blood enters into the kidney via the renal artery, which then splits up to form the arcuate arterioles. The arcuate arterioles each in turn branch into interlobular arterioles, which finally reach the glomerulus kidney glomeruli . At the glomerulus the blood reaches a highly disfavourable pressure gradient and a large exchange surface area, which forces the Serous fluid serum portion of the blood out of the vessel into the renal tubules. Flow continues through the renal tubules, including the proximal tubule, the Loop of Henle , through the distal tubule and finally leaves the kidney by means of the collecting duct , leading to the renal ureter . The renal medulla latin renes medulla kidney middle contains the structures of the nephron s responsible for maintaining ... tubule. ref Netter s, plate 337 ref The renal medulla is hypertonic to the filtrate in the nephron and aids ... Microcirculation of the Renal Medulla.php Medical Engineer Renal Microcirculation http education.vetmed.vt.edu Curriculum VM8054 Labs Lab23 Examples exmedulla.htm VetMed Renal Medulla kidney DEFAULTSORT Renal Medulla Category Kidney anatomy Category Article Feedback 5 genitourinary stub ca Medul la renal es M dula renal it Midollare renale ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin lobi renales GraySubject GrayPage Image Kidney PioM.png Caption Renal lobe not labeled consists of a pyramid br item 1 and cortex immediately above it. Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Interlobar arteries Vein Interlobar veins Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre l 13 DorlandsSuf 12501259 The renal lobe is a portion of a kidney consisting of a renal pyramid and the renal cortex above it. ref http lifesci.rutgers.edu babiarz kid.htm Urinary System Bot generated title ref It is visible without a microscope , though it is easier to see in humans than in other animals. It is composed of many renal lobules , which are not visible without a microscope. See also Renal capsule Renal medulla References references External links BUHistology 15901loa Gray s genitourinary stub Kidney Category Kidney anatomy ... more details
This article is meant to be a disambig like article. Detailed explanations should go into the Acute renal injury and Chronic renal disease articles. Infobox Disease Name Renal failure Image Caption DiseasesDB ... eMedicineTopic MeshName Renal Failure MeshNumber C12.777.419.780.500 File Hemodialysismachine.jpg thumb A hemodialysis machine, used to physiologically aid or replace the kidneys in renal failure Renal failure or kidney failure formerly called renal insufficiency describes a medical condition ... or health problems may cause either form of renal failure to occur. Renal failure is described as a decrease in Renal function glomerular filtration rate . Biochemically, renal failure is typically detected ..., such as cardiovascular disease . Classification Renal failure can be divided into two categories acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease . The type of renal failure is determined by the trend ... injury AKI , previously called acute renal failure ARF , is a rapidly progressive loss of renal ... or part of a disease progression. Acute on chronic renal failure Acute kidney injuries can be present on top of chronic kidney disease, a condition called acute on chronic renal failure AoCRF . The acute ... to baseline renal function, typically measured by serum creatinine . Like AKI, AoCRF can be difficult ... . Renal failure accompanied by noticeable symptoms is termed uraemia . ref name grinsted cite web last Dr Per Grinsted title Kidney failure renal failure with uremia, or azotaemia date 2005 03 02 url ... Options For Renal Therapy publisher Baxter International Inc. date 2007 07 01 location Deerfield, Illinois ... in the blood Causes Acute renal failure Acute kidney failure usually occurs when the blood supply ... Kudiseases pubs yourkidneys 7. ref Among the accidental causes of renal failure is there also the crush syndrome , when large amounts of toxin s are suddenly released in the blood circulation after ... of nondiabetic renal failure in individuals of African origin, these include HIV associated ... more details
unreferenced date September 2009 Renal pathology is a subspecialty of anatomic pathology that deals with the diagnosis and characterization of Internal medicine medical disease s non tumor of the kidney s. In the academic setting, renal pathology pathologists work closely with nephrology nephrologists and organ transplant transplant surgeons , who typically obtain diagnostic specimens via percutaneous renal biopsy . The renal pathologist must synthesize findings from histology light microscopy , electron microscopy , and immunofluorescence to obtain a definitive diagnosis. Medical renal diseases may affect the glomerulus , the tubules and interstitium, the vessels, or a combination of these compartments. See also http www.renalpathsoc.org Pathology stub Category Anatomical pathology ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 Renal ischemia or ischaemia , also called nephric ischemia is the deficiency of blood in one or both kidney s, or nephron s, usually due to functional constriction or actual obstruction of a blood vessel . Medicine DEFAULTSORT Renal Ischemia Treatment stub Category Kidney diseases ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Beta D Glucose.svg Caption Glucose DiseasesDB 29130 ICD10 ICD10 E 74 8 e 70 ICD9 ICD9 271.4 ICDO OMIM 233100 MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj ped eMedicineTopic 1991 MeshID D006030 Renal glycosuria , also known as renal glucosuria , is a rare condition in which the simple sugar glucose is excreted in the urine ref cite journal pmid 14174800 pmc 1932305 volume 16 title THE INHERITANCE OF RENAL GLYCOSURIA year 1964 month June author KHACHADURIAN AK, KHACHADURIAN LA journal Am. J. Hum. Genet. pages 189 94 ref despite normal or low blood glucose levels. With normal kidney renal function, glucose is excreted in the urine only when there are abnormally elevated levels of glucose in the blood. However, in those with renal glycosuria, glucose is abnormally elevated in the urine due to improper functioning of the renal tubules, which are primary components of nephron s, the filter chemistry filter ing units of the kidneys. Diagnosis A doctor normally can diagnose renal glycosuria when a routine urine tenjhkn m,st, a Urinalysis , detects glucose in the urine, while a blood test indicates that the blood glucose level is normal. Presentation In most affected individuals, the condition causes no apparent symptom s asymptomatic or serious effects. When renal glycosuria occurs as an isolated finding with otherwise normal kidney function, the condition is thought to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait Fact date February 2007 . Genetics It is associated with SLC5A2 , coding the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 . Synonyms Benign glycosuria Familial renal glycosuria Nondiabetic glycosuria Primary renal glycosuria Diabetes renalis Renal diabetes Diabetes innocence See also Glycosuria Sodium glucose transport proteins References reflist Carbohydrate metabolic pathology Membrane transport protein disorders Category Membrane transport protein disorders ca Glicos ria renal de Diabetes renalis nl Renale glucosurie ru ... more details
Infobox Artery Name Renal artery Latin arteria renalis GraySubject 154 GrayPage 610 Image Gray1120.png ... width 100 tr td align left small 1. Renal pyramid br 2. Efferent artery br 3. small Renal artery small br 4. Renal vein br 5. Hilum of kidney Renal hilum br 6. Renal pelvis br 7. Ureter br 8. Minor calyx br 9. Renal capsule small td td align left small 10. Inferior renal capsule br 11. Superior renal capsule br 12. Afferent vein br 13. Nephron br 14. Minor calyx br 15. Major calyx br 16. Renal papilla br 17. Renal column small td tr table BranchFrom abdominal aorta BranchTo inferior suprarenal artery , segmental arteries of kidney segmental arteries Vein renal vein Supplies kidney s MeshName Renal Artery MeshNumber A07.231.114.745 DorlandsPre a 61 DorlandsSuf 12155727 The renal arteries normally ... nearly a right angle with the aorta. The renal arteries carry a large portion of total blood flow to the kidneys. Up to a third of total cardiac output can pass through the renal arteries to be filtered by the kidneys. The arterial supply of the kidneys is variable and there may be one or more renal arteries supplying each kidney. It is located above the renal vein. Supernumerary renal arteries ... Aytac SK, Yigit H, Sancak T, et al. Correlation between the diameter of the main renal artery and the presence of an accessory renal artery sonographic and angiographic evaluation. J Ultrasound Med. May ..., the inferior vena cava and the kidneys in the body, the right renal artery is normally longer than the left renal artery. The right passes behind the inferior vena cava , the right renal vein , the head ... the right it lies behind the left renal vein, the body of the pancreas and the splenic vein , and is crossed ... lie between the renal vein and ureter , the vein being in front, the ureter behind, but one or more ... tissue and muscles. One or two accessory renal arteries are frequently found, especially on the left ... of the organ. Diseases of the renal arteries Renal artery stenosis , or narrowing of one or both renal ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Renal osteodystrophy Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 N 25 0 n 25 ICD9 ICD9 588.0 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj radio eMedicineTopic 500 MeshID D012080 Renal osteodystrophy or chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder ref name pmid19222724 cite journal author Sv ra F title Chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder CKD MBD a new term for a complex approach journal J Ren Care volume 35 Suppl 1 issue pages 3 6 year 2009 month March pmid 19222724 doi 10.1111 j.1755 6686.2009.00067.x url ref is a bone pathology , characterized by bone mineralization deficiency, that is a direct result of the electrolyte and endocrine derangements that accompany chronic kidney disease . Renal osteodystrophy can be further divided into metabolic states associated with either high or low bone turnover. Signs and symptoms Renal osteodystrophy may exhibit no symptoms if it does ... Renal osteodystrophy is usually diagnosed after treatment for Chronic kidney disease end stage renal disease begins. Blood tests will indicate decreased calcium and calcitriol and increased phosphate and parathyroid hormone . X rays will also show bone features of renal osteodystropy chondrocalcinosis ... from other conditions. Pathogenesis Renal osteodystrophy is thought to be the result ... diagnosis, renal osteodystrophy must be distinguished from osteoporosis Alk Phos and PO sub 4 sub usually ... chondrocalcinosis hypervitaminosis Treatment Treatment for renal osteodystrophy includes calcium and vitamin ... , calcium acetate , sevelamer hydrochloride, or lanthanum carbonate cinacalcet renal transplantation ... 9829478 doi 10.1093 ndt 13.11.2774 ref Prognosis Recovery from renal osteodystrophy has been observed post renal transplantation. Renal osteodystrophy is a chronic medicine chronic condition with a conventional ... kudiseases pubs renalosteodystrophy Renal Osteodystrophy NKUDIC, NIH Osteochondropathy ... r nale tr Renal osteodistrofi ... more details
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