In mathematics , a pseudomonotoneoperator from a reflexive space reflexive Banach space into its continuous dual space is one that is, in some sense, almost as well behaved as a monotoneoperator . Many problems in the calculus of variations can be expressed using operators that are pseudomonotone, and pseudo monotonicity in turn implies the existence of solutions to these problems. Definition Let X , be a reflexive Banach space. A linear map T X &rarr X sup &lowast sup from X into its continuous dual space X sup &lowast sup is said to be pseudomonotone if T is a bounded linear operator and if whenever math u j rightharpoonup u mbox in X mbox as j to infty math i.e. u sub j sub weak topology converges weakly to u and math limsup j to infty langle T u j , u j u rangle leq 0, math it follows that, for all v &isin X , math liminf j to infty langle T u j , u j v rangle geq langle T u , u v rangle. math Properties of pseudomonotone operators Using a very similar proof to that of the Browder Minty theorem , one can show the following Let X , be a real number real , reflexive Banach space and suppose that T X &rarr X sup &lowast sup is continuous function continuous , coercive function coercive and pseudomonotone. Then, for each continuous linear functional g &isin X sup &lowast sup , there exists a solution u &isin X of the equation T u g . References cite book author Renardy, Michael and Rogers, Robert C. title An introduction to partial differential equations series Texts in Applied Mathematics 13 edition Second edition publisher Springer Verlag location New York year 2004 pages 367 id ISBN 0 387 00444 0 Definition 9.56, Theorem 9.57 Category Banach spaces Category Calculus of variations Category Operator theory ... more details
In mathematical analysis a pseudo differential operator is an extension of the concept of differential operator . Pseudo differential operators are used extensively in the theory of partial differential ... . The corresponding operator P x , D is called a pseudo differential operator of order m and belongs ... of a function in a neighbourhood of a point to determine the effect of the operator. Pseudo differential operators are pseudo local , which means informally that when applied to a Schwartz distribution ... Consider a linear differential operator with constant coefficients, math P D sum alpha a alpha , D alpha math which acts on smooth functions math u math with compact support in R sup n sup . This operator ... sub j sub means differentiation with respect to the j th variable. Similarly, a pseudo differential operator P x , D on R sup n sup is an operator of the form NumBlk math quad P x,D u x frac 1 2 pi ... e i x xi frac 1 P xi hat f xi d xi math . Here it is assumed that P D is a linear differential operator ... function, but a function of a more general kind. Symbol Classes and Pseudo Differential Operators ... m with smooth bounded coefficients are pseudo differential operators of order m . The composition PQ of two pseudo differential operators P , Q is again a pseudo differential operator and the symbol of PQ can be calculated by using the symbols of P and Q . The adjoint and transpose of a pseudo differential operator is a pseudo differential operator. If a differential operator of order m is elliptic differential operator uniformly elliptic of order m and invertible, then its inverse is a pseudo differential operator of order &minus m , and its symbol can be calculated. This means that one can solve linear elliptic differential equations more or less explicitly by using the theory of pseudo ... smooth. Just as a differential operator can be expressed in terms of D &minus id d x in the form math p x, D , math for a polynomial p in D which is called the symbol , a pseudo differential ... more details
wiktionary monotoneMonotone refers to a sound, for example speech or music, that has a single unvaried Pitch music tone . Monotone or monotonicity may also refer to Monotone software , an open source revision control system Monotone class theorem , in measure theory Monotone convergence theorem , in mathematics Monotone polygon , in geometry Monotone preferences , in consumer economics Monotonicity criterion , a voting system criterion Monotonic function , mathematical concept Monotonic orthography , simplified spelling of modern Greek Monotonicity of entailment , property of some logical system s The Monotones , American rock n roll band 1950s disambig de Monotonie fr Monotonie it Monotonia ... more details
wiktionary pseudo The prefix pseudo from Greek lying, false is used to mark something as falsity false , fraud ulent, or pretending to be something it is not. Biology prefix In biology and botany taxonomy the prefix pseudo or pseud can indicate a species with a visual similarity to another genus . An example is the Iris species Iris pseudacorus , by having leaves similar to those of Acorus calamus in the Acorus genus, having pseud acorus false acorus in its botanical name . See also lookfrom pseudo Falsehood Pseudorealism Deception Mimicry Pseudo.com Pseudo Blood of Our Own Category Prefixes Category Greek loanwords Category Biology prefixes and suffixes da Pseudo nl Pseudo sk Pseudo ... more details
Expert subject mathematics date November 2008 In functional analysis , an operator math A X to X math where X is a real Hilbert space is said to be strongly monotone if math exists ,c 0 mbox s.t. langle Au Av , u v rangle geq c u v 2 quad forall u,v in X. math This is analogous to the notion of strictly increasing for scalar valued functions of one scalar argument. See also Monotonic function References Zeidler. Applied Functional Analysis AMS 108 p. 173 Category Hilbert space Mathanalysis stub ... more details
Infobox software name monotone logo File monotone logo.png screenshot caption developer The monotone ... genre Revision control license GNU General Public License website URL http www.monotone.ca Monotone is an open source software tool for distributed revision control . Monotone tracks revisions to files ... 11 01 date September 18th, 2008 ref Monotone is designed for distributed operation, and makes heavy ... . Design Like GNU arch , and unlike Subversion software Subversion , Monotone takes a distributed approach to version control. Monotone uses SHA 1 hashes to identify specific files or groups ... Prior to some heavy optimisation in revision 0.27, Monotone s emphasis on correctness over optimisation ... clone a large existing Monotone database, an action which often took hours for large databases, due to the extensive validation and integrity checking which Monotone performs when revisions ... functions. Workflow Monotone is especially strong in its support for a diverge merge workflow, which ... docs Dealing with a Fork.html title Dealing with a Fork monotone documentation accessdate 2010 11 21 ref Networking Although Monotone originally supported a variety of networking protocols for synchronizing ... by a Wireshark plug in for traffic analysis. There is no separate Monotone server because any Monotone client can act as a server. Other features Other features of Monotone include Good support for internationalization and localization Portable design, implemented in C Monotone can import ... CVS Good documentation Drawbacks As of 2008 alt As of January 2008 , possible drawbacks of Monotone ... to manage workspaces and databases. Milestones Monotone version 0.26 introduced major changes to the internal database structures, including a new structure known by Monotone developers as a roster ref http lists.gnu.org archive html monotone devel 2005 11 msg00102.html What are rosters ref . Monotone databases created with version 0.26 can not exchange revisions with older Monotone databases. Older ... more details
indicates three or more. The top two polygons are monotone with respect to L while the bottom two are not. In geometry , a polygon P in the plane is called monotone with respect to a straight line ... chain C is called monotone with respect to a straight line L , if every line orthogonal to L intersects ... some edges of P are orthogonal to L , and a simple polygon may be called monotone, if a line segment ... for monotone function s, the former definition describes polygons strictly monotone with respect ... nonstrictly monotone with respect to L is strictly monotone with respect to a line L sub 1 sub ... axis . Then the leftmost and rightmost vertices of a monotone polygon decompose its boundary into two monotone polygonal chain s such that when the vertices of any chain are being traversed in their natural ... may be taken for the definition of monotone polygon and it gives the polygon its name. A convex polygon is monotone with respect to any straight line. A linear time algorithm is known to report all directions in which a given simple polygon is monotone. ref F. Preparata and K. Supowit. Testing a simple ... to report all ways to decompose a simple polygon into two monotone chains possibly monotone in different ... and Appl., 4 219 233, 1994. ref Point in polygon queries with respect to a monotone polygon may ... vertices . ref name PS A monotone polygon may be easily polygon triangulation triangulated in linear ... ref For a given set of points in the plane, a bitonic tour is a monotone polygon that connects ... thumb Breaking a polygon into monotone polygons A simple polygon may be easily Polygon triangulation Using monotone polygons cut into monotone polygons in O n log n time. However since a triangle is a monotone polygon, polygon triangulation is in fact cutting a polygon into monotone ones ... monotone polygons i.e., monotone with respect to the same line can be performed in polynomial time ... On decomposing polygons into uniformly monotone parts 1988 ref In the context of motion planning ... more details
wiktionary Operatoroperator operators Operator may refer to tocright Music Operator band , an American hard rock band Operator Motown song Operator Motown song , a 1965 song recorded by Mary Wells and Brenda Holloway Operator That s Not the Way It Feels , a 1972 song by Jim Croce from You Don t Mess Around with Jim Operator Midnight Star song Operator Midnight Star song 1984 Operator A Girl Like Me , a 2008 song by Shiloh Operator , a 1970 song by the Grateful Dead from American Beauty album American Beauty Operator , a 1975 song by the Manhattan Transfer from The Manhattan Transfer album The Manhattan Transfer Operator , a 1993 song by Blue System from Backstreet Dreams album Backstreet Dreams Operator , a 1995 song by Real McCoy from Another Night Real McCoy album Another Night Computers Computer operatorOperator programming , a type of computer program function Operator extension , an extension for the Firefox web browser, for reading microformats Operator YAPO or OperaTor, a portable implementation of the Opera web browser Science and mathematics Operator mathematics , a function between vector spaces Operator biology , a segment of DNA regulating the activity of genes Operator linguistics , a special category including wh interrogatives Operator physics , mathematical operators in quantum physics Fiction Operator Ghost in the Shell Operator Ghost in the Shell , a fictional group in the Ghost in the Shell series Operator The Matrix Operator The Matrix , a crew position in The Matrix franchise Other uses Operator profession Telephone operator , person or company offering telephone services Operator military , a soldier in a special operations force Network operator , a phone carrier Operator sternwheeler Operator sternwheeler , an early 20th century ship on the Skeena River Operator Grammar , a theory of human language See also Operation disambiguation Operator precedence grammar , a grammar for formal languages Operator No. 5 , a pulp fiction hero from the 1930s ... more details
Infobox Single See Wikipedia WikiProject Songs Name Operator, Operator Cover Artist Eddy Raven Album Love and Other Hard Times B side Just for the Sake of the Thrill ref name raven Released 1985 Format 7 single Recorded Genre Country music Country Length 3 04 Label RCA Records RCA Writer Larry Willoughby , Janet Willoughby Producer Paul Worley , Eddy Raven Last single She s Gonna Win Your Heart br 1984 This single Operator, Operator br 1985 Next single I Wanna Hear It from You br 1985 Misc Operator, Operator originally titled Heart on the Line Operator, Operator is a country music song co written and recorded by Larry Willoughby , a cousin of country music singer Rodney Crowell , and Janet Willoughby. He released the song in 1983 from the album Building Bridges , and took it to number 65 on the Hot Country Songs charts. ref name whitburn cite book last Whitburn first Joel title Hot Country Songs 1944 to 2008 publisher Record Research, Inc date 2008 page 469 isbn 0 89820 177 2 ref The Oak Ridge Boys also recorded it under the original title, as the b side to their 1983 single Love Song The Oak Ridge Boys song Love Song . ref Whitburn, p. 303 ref A 1985 recording by Eddy Raven , under the title Operator, Operator , appeared on his album Love and Other Hard Times . This version went to number 9 on the same chart. ref name raven Whitburn, p. 340 ref Chart performance Larry Willoughby class wikitable sortable align left Chart 1983 align center Peak br position align left U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles align center 65 Eddy Raven class wikitable sortable align left Chart 1985 align center Peak br position align left U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles align center 9 align left Canadian RPM Country Tracks align center 8 References reflist Category 1983 singles Category 1985 singles Category Eddy Raven songs Category Larry Willoughby songs Category Songs produced by Paul Worley 1980s country song stub ... more details
A pseudo photograph is an image , whether made by computer graphics or otherwise howsoever, which appears to be a photograph . Although the term pseudo photograph can be applied regardless of what it depicts, in law its meaning is especially relevant regarding child pornography . In the UK, the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 amended the Protection of Children Act 1978 so as to define the concept of an indecent pseudo photograph of a child . References http www.statutelaw.gov.uk content.aspx?parentActiveTextDocId 1502057&ActiveTextDocId 1502059 See also Bitmap graphics editor Special effects art stub law term stub Category Digital art Category English law ms Pseudofotograf ... more details
Pseudo Phocylides is an apocrypha l work claiming to have been written by Phocylides , a Greek Philosophy Greek philosopher of the 6th century. The text is noticeably Jewish , and depends on the Septuagint , although it does not make direct references to either the Hebrew Bible or Judaism . Textual and linguistic studies point to the work as having originally been written in Greek language Greek , and having originated somewhere between 100BC and 100AD, although the oldest surviving manuscripts date from the 10th century AD. Pseudo Phocylides consists of a series of aphorism s, and these refer indirectly to each of the Noachide Laws , as well as the so called unwritten law s of the Greeks. There are about 250 in total, and these are written as a series of hexameter verses, in the form of a teaching manual each maxim directly commanding the reader to obey it Remain not unmarried, lest you die nameless ref line 175, p. 99, The sentences of Pseudo Phocylides, translated by Pieter Willem van der Horst ref Cut not a youth s masculine procreative faculty ref line 187, p. 101, The sentences of Pseudo Phocylides, translated by Pieter Willem van der Horst ref And let not women imitate the sexual role of men ref line 192, p. 101, The sentences of Pseudo Phocylides, translated by Pieter Willem van der Horst ref Long hair is not fit for men, but for voluptuous women ref line 212, p. 101, The sentences of Pseudo Phocylides, translated by Pieter Willem van der Horst ref Some of the maxims in Pseudo ... of Pseudo Phocylides is published in volume 2 of Old Testament Pseudepigrapha edited by James Charlesworth ... van der Horst , The Sentences of Pseudo Phocylides SVTP 4 Leiden Brill, 1978 . Some authors, including ... sentences.htm Further reading K. W. Niebuhr, Life and Death in Pseudo Phocylides, in Alberdina Houtman ..., 73 . Category Old Testament Apocrypha reli book stub Tanakh stub de Pseudo Phokylides fr Pseudo Phocylide ... more details
Taxobox image Pseudonitzschia seriata.jpg image caption Pseudo nitzschia seriata regnum Chromalveolata phylum Heterokont ophyta classis Diatom Bacillariophyceae ordo Bacillariales familia Bacillariaceae genus Pseudo nitzschia genus authority H. Perag. in H. Perag. and Perag. The genus Pseudo nitzschia includes several species of diatom s known to produce the neurotoxin known as domoic acid , a toxin which is responsible for the human illness called amnesic shellfish poisoning . This genus of phytoplankton is known to form harmful algal bloom s in coastal waters of Canada, California, Oregon, and Washington state. Species that have been shown to produce domoic acid although not all strains are toxigenic ref Bates, S.S. and V.L. Trainer. 2006. The ecology of harmful diatoms. In E. Gran li and J. Turner eds. Ecology of harmful algae. Ecological Studies, Vol. 189. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, p. 81 93. ref , ref Trainer, V.L., B.M. Hickey, and S.S. Bates. 2008. Toxic diatoms. In P.J. Walsh, S.L. Smith, L.E. Fleming, H. Solo Gabriele, and W.H. Gerwick eds. , Oceans and human health risks and remedies ... ioc details.asp?Algae ID 3 Pseudo nitzschia australis http www.bi.ku.dk ioc details.asp?Algae ID 7 Pseudo nitzschia calliantha http www.bi.ku.dk ioc details.asp?Algae ID 106 Pseudo nitzschia cuspidata http www.bi.ku.dk ioc details.asp?Algae ID 4 Pseudo nitzschia delicatissima http www.bi.ku.dk ioc details.asp?Algae ID 99 Pseudo nitzschia fraudulenta http www.bi.ku.dk ioc details.asp?Algae ID 101 Pseudo nitzschia galaxiae http www.bi.ku.dk ioc details.asp?Algae ID 5 Pseudo nitzschia multiseries http www.bi.ku.dk ioc details.asp?Algae ID 6 Pseudo nitzschia multistriata http www.bi.ku.dk ioc details.asp?Algae ID 8 Pseudo nitzschia pugens http www.bi.ku.dk ioc details.asp?Algae ID 9 Pseudo nitzschia seriata http www.bi.ku.dk ioc details.asp?Algae ID 10 Pseudo nitzschia turgidula References ... The genus Pseudo nitzschia Category Diatoms Diatom stub fr Pseudo nitzschia ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2008 Pseudo Demosthenes is the supposed author s of a number of speeches handed down to us under the name of Demosthenes . They include speech 46, 49 against Timotheus general Timotheus , 50 against Polycles , 52 against Callippos , 53 against Nicostratus , 59 against Neaira hetaera Neaira and perhaps 47, attributed to Apollodorus of Acharnae , follower of Demosthenes. Category Ancient Greek pseudepigrapha Ancient Greece writer stub de Pseudo Demosthenes ... more details
Pseudo Ingulf is the name given to an unknown England English author of the Historia Monasterii Croylandensis , also known as the Croyland Chronicle . Nothing certain is known of Pseudo Ingulf although it is generally assumed that he was connected with Croyland Abbey . The Historia Monasterii Croylandensis is attributed to Abbot Ingulph , an 11th century Abbot of Croyland, but is generally accepted to be a 14th century work. Those parts of the work written after Pseudo Ingulf, that is the 15th century, are considered a valuable source. Pseudo Ingulf himself is not while he may have had access to genuine traditions or documents at Croyland, he misunderstood or garbled these beyond any possibility of recognition . A number of distinguished 19th century historians attempted to extract reliable material from Pseudo Ingulf, notably E. A. Freeman and Sir Francis Palgrave , with limited success. External links http books.google.com books?id xOMBAAAAMAAJ&printsec frontcover&source gbs v2 summary r&cad 0 v onepage&q &f false Google provides a copy of a translation of the text into English. Category 14th century historians Category 14th century English people Category English historians England bio stub UK historian stub ... more details
Pseudo Interactive was a video game developer based in Toronto , Ontario , Canada and started in 1995 by David Wu, Rich Hilmer, and Daniel Posner. In 2006, the company had over fifty employees. http www.1up.com do newsStory?cId 3167253 They released a game for the Xbox launch called Cel Damage which is also on the Nintendo GameCube GameCube and PlayStation 2 . Their most recent game was Full Auto 2 Battlelines released on the PlayStation 3 . They also made Full Auto for Xbox 360 . As of April 6, 2008, it was announced that the company was shutting down. They were working on Crude Awakening http www.unseen64.net 2009 12 17 crude awakening xbox360 ps3 cancelled for Eidos Interactive which was cancelled, leaving the company without the means to survive until securing another deal. It was widely believed to be an updated version of Carmageddon . At least 3 games were in development at Pseudo before the studio closure http www.unseen64.net tag pseudo interactive Crude Awakening http www.unseen64.net 2009 12 17 crude awakening xbox360 ps3 cancelled Prodigal http www.unseen64.net 2009 12 08 prodigal xbox 360 ps3 cancelled Divided City http www.unseen64.net 2009 12 06 divided city xbox 360 ps3 cancelled External links Official website http www.pseudointeractive.com http www.gamespot.com pages company index.php?company 62443 Pseudo Interactive details at GameSpot http www.unseen64.net tag pseudo interactive Cancelled Pseudo Interactive Games at Unseen 64 http www.kotaku.com 376493 eidos cutbacks shut down full auto developer Kotaku report on Studio shutdown http www.1up.com do newsStory?cId 3167253 Full Auto Developer Shuts Down Category Companies based in Toronto Category Companies established in 1995 Category Companies disestablished in 2008 Category Defunct video game companies Category Defunct software companies of Canada Category International Game Developers Association members ... stub fr Pseudo Interactive ... more details
Wiktionary pseudo scholarship Pseudo scholarship from wikt pseudopseudo wikt scholarship scholarship is a work e.g., publication, lecture or body of work that is presented as, but is not, the product of rigorous and objective study or research the act of producing such work or the pretended learning upon which it is based. ref Jerome V. Jacobsen, Notes and Comment Pseudo scholarship , Mid America An Historical Review, Volumes 23 24 , Chicago Loyola University, 1941 p. 315 Steve J. Stern, http books.google.com books?id U35PbM x9WsC&pg PA33&dq 22the marshaling and twisting of apparent research to suit a particular political line or agenda 22&cd 1 v onepage&q 22the 20marshaling 20and 20twisting 20of 20apparent 20research 20to 20suit 20a 20particular 20political 20line 20or 20agenda 22&f false Between Tragedy and Promise , in Gilbert Michael Joseph, Reclaiming the Political in Latin American History Durham, NC Duke University Press, 2001 p. 33 Shaye J. D. Cohen , http books.google.com books?id jHtC39Bm1AwC&pg PA285&dq 22pseudo scholarship, that is, pronouncements and opinions born of religious faith and confessional conviction but masquerading as 22&cd 1 v onepage&q 22pseudo scholarship 2C 20that 20is 2C 20pronouncements 20and 20opinions 20born 20of 20religious 20faith 20and 20confessional 20conviction 20but 20masquerading 20as 20 22&f false In Memoriam Morton Smith , in Shaye J. D. Cohen, Studies in the Cult of Yahweh , Vol. 2 New Testament, Early Christianity, & Magic Leiden BRILL, 1996 p. 285 ref For a particular form of pseudo scholarship see Pseudoarchaeology Pseudohistory ref Marshall Fishwick , American Studies in Transition Boston Houghton Mifflin, 1969 p. 265 266 ref Pseudolinguistics Pseudomathematics Pseudophilosophy Pseudoscience ref Jeremy Bernstein, A Comprehensible World On Modern Science and Its Origins , 2nd ed. New York Random House, 1967 p. 193 ref References ... science Ignoratio elenchi Proto science Category Pseudo scholarship ... more details
Lead rewrite date April 2011 A pseudo atoll , like an atoll , is an island of coral that encircles a lagoon partially or completely. A pseudo atoll differs from an atoll as established by several authorities. Definitions Alexander Agassiz gave the term pseudo atoll to any ring shaped reef s not formed as a result of subsidence . ref Agassiz, A., A reconnaissance of the Bahamas and elevated reefs of Cuba. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 26 1 203. 1894. ref while Norman D. Newell and J. Keith Rigby ref J. Keith Rigby, Associate Professor of Geological Sciences, Notre Dame University ref called such reefs non coral. ref Newell, N.D, Rigby, J.K., 1957, Geological studies on the Great Bahama Bank, in Regional Aspects of Carbonate Deposition SEPM Spec. Pub. 5, p. 1572. ref and We conclude that almost atoll should be retained as a descriptive term as defined by Davis and Tayama, and that the use of near atoll as a synonym be abandoned. The value of terms such as semi atoll and pseudo atoll needs close examination and more rigorous definition before being generally accepted. H. Mergner yet states that micro atolls classify as pseudo atolls. Professor David R. Stoddart of University of California Berkeley Berkeley states an almost atoll is an atoll with a central island of left over residue. Usage Dr. Edward J. Petuch, author of Cenozoic seas the view from eastern North America , refers to pseudo atolls as pseudoatolls with the Everglades Pseudoatoll as an example. ref Petuch, Edward J., Cenozoic Seas The View From Eastern North America, CRC Press 1 edition December 29, 2003 , ISBN 0849316324. ref See also Atoll Island Coral reef References reflist http geography.berkeley.edu people person detail.php?person 40 David R. Stottart, Department of Geography, University of California Berkeley B. V. Preobrazhenski , B. V., Contemporary reefs CRC Press 1 edition, 1993, ISBN 9061919452. Category Atolls Pseudo atoll Category Coastal and oceanic landforms Category Islands ... more details
Deleted image removed Image Pseudo penis on Spotted Hyena.jpg thumb 150px deletable image caption Saturday, 18 July 2009 A pseudo penis on a female spotted hyena A pseudo penis is a term used of any structure found on an animal that while superficially appearing to be a penis , is derived from a different developmental path. Mammals In mammals, all intact developmentally typical males have a penis, but the clitoris in the females of the following species is sufficiently enlarged that it is usually termed a pseudo penis spotted hyena , ref http animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu site accounts information Crocuta crocuta.html ADW Crocuta crocuta Information Bot generated title ref squirrel monkey , lemur , juvenile fossa animal fossa ref name HMW1 cite book author Goodman S editors Wilson D & Mittermeier R chapter Family Eupleridae Madagascar Carnivores title Handbook of the Mammals of the World . Volume 1 Carnivores year 2009 pages place Barcelona publisher Lynx Edicions isbn 978 84 96553 49 1 url http www.lynxeds.com hmw species accounts hmw 1 species accounts red panda ailurus fulgens ref and binturong . ref http www.conservatorscenter.org speciesinfo bint.pdf ref The enlarged clitoris in the fossa is supported by an os clitoridis , a bone similar to the os penis found in most mammals. ref name HMW1 However, the fossa s os clitoridis and pseudo penis shrink as the juvenile female grows, unlike that of other pseudo penis species. ref name HMW1 The labia genitalia labia of the spider ... in humans. The mammalian pseudo penis appears to be simply for display, although the hyena is an exception the female hyena additionally uses her pseudo penis for urination, copulation, and childbirth ... to Prevent Incest ref Birds A notable example of a bird with a pseudo penis is the Red billed Buffalo Weaver , which can still mate even if its pseudo penis is disabled. ref http people.eku.edu ritchisong ..., Lizard Tongue Bot generated title ref References references Category Penis it Pseudo pene ... more details
mergeto Media event date March 2011 Multiple issues notability November 2008 refimprove November 2008 original research November 2008 A pseudo event is an event or activity that exists for the sole purpose of the media publicity and serves little to no other function in Real life reality real life . Without the media, nothing meaningful actually occurs at the event, so pseudo events are considered real only after they are viewed through news , advertisement , television or other types of Mass media media . An extremely simple example is sitting for a family portrait the event serves no purpose other than to be viewed through a photograph. Other examples include press conference s, advertisements, media spectacles, and many types of news. The term was coined by the theorist and historian Daniel J. Boorstin in his 1962 book The Image A guide to Pseudo events in America ref cite book last Boorstin first Daniel Joseph title The image A guide to pseudo events in America publisher Vintage location New York year 1961 isbn 0 679 74180 1 ref The celebration is held, Photo Op photographs are taken , the occasion is widely reported . The term is closely related to idea of hyperreality and thus postmodernism , although Boorstin s coinage predates by decades the latter two ideas and the related work of postmodern thinkers such as Jean Baudrillard . A number of video art ists have explored the concept of a pseudo event in their work. The group Ant Farm group Ant Farm especially plays with pseudo events, though not so identified, in their works Media Burn 1975 and The Eternal Frame 1975 . References reflist See also Photo op The Power of Nightmares Adam Curtis Category Public relations terminology Category Hyperreality cs Pseudoud lost pt Pseudoevento ... more details
Aristotelianism Pseudo Aristotle is a general Wiktionary cognomen cognomen for authors of philosophical or medical treatises who attributed their work to the Greek philosophy Greek philosopher Aristotle , or whose work was later attributed to him by others. Aristotle had produced so many works on such a variety of subjects that it was possible for writers in many different contexts notably Middle Ages medieval Europeans , North Africa ns and Arab s to write a work and ascribe it to Aristotle. Attaching his name to such a work guaranteed it a certain amount of respect and acceptance, since Aristotle was regarded as one of most authoritative ancient writers for the learned men of both Christendom Christian Europe and the Islamic Golden Age Muslim Arab lands . It is generally not clear whether the attribution to Aristotle of a later work was done by its own author or by others who sought to popularize such works by using his name. Notable Pseudo Aristotles included the 2nd century North African writer Apuleius of Madauros, the author of the Greek language Greek Cosmography cosmographic work On the Universe De Mundo , as well as the medieval Islamic science Muslim author of the Arabic geological work, De Proprietatibus Elementorum . ref Jerome B. Bieber. http inst.santafe.cc.fl.us jbieber HS trans2.htm Medieval Translation Table 2 Arabic Sources , Santa Fe Community College Florida Santa Fe Community College . ref Notes reflist See also The Theology of Aristotle Liber de Causis Aristotle s Masterpiece Rhetoric to Alexander Secretum Secretorum References http www.nlm.nih.gov hmd greek greek aristotle.html Pseudo Aristotle , United States National Library of Medicine . External links http www.stockton.edu kinsellt litresources binding latin13 text.html http www.tazzla.org apuleius.htm Category Aristotle Category Ancient Greek pseudepigrapha Aristotle Philosopher stub de Pseudo Aristoteles pt Pseudo Arist teles ru fi Pseudo Aristoteles ... more details
In linear algebra and statistics , the pseudo determinant ref name minka cite web author Minka, T.P. title Inferring a Gaussian Distribution url http research.microsoft.com en us um people minka papers gaussian.html year 2001 http research.microsoft.com en us um people minka papers minka gaussian.pdf PDF ref is the product of all non zero eigendecomposition matrix eigenvalues of a square matrix . It coincides with the regular determinant when the matrix is invertible matrix non singular . Definition The pseudo determinant of a square n by n matrix A may be defined as math mathbf A lim alpha to 0 frac mathbf A alpha mathbf I alpha n operatorname rank mathbf A math where A denotes the usual determinant , I denotes the identity matrix and rank A denotes the rank linear algebra rank of A . Computation for positive semi definite case If A is positive definite matrix positive semi definite , then the singular value decomposition singular values and eigendecomposition matrix eigenvalues of A coincide. In this case, if the singular value decomposition SVD is available, then math mathbf A math may be computed as the product of the non zero singular values. If all singular values are zero, then the pseudo determinant is 1. Application in statistics If a statistical procedure ordinarily compares distributions in terms of the determinants of variance covariance matrices then, in the case of singular matrices, this comparison can be undertaken by using a combination of the ranks of the matrices and their pseudo determinants, with the matrix of higher rank being counted as largest and the pseudo determinants only being used if the ranks are equal. ref http support.sas.com documentation cdl en statug 63347 HTML default viewer.htm statug rreg sect021.htm SAS documentation on Robust Distance ref Thus pseudo determinants are sometime presented in the outputs of statistical programs in cases where covariance matrices are singular. ref Bohling, Geoffrey C. 1997 GSLIB style programs for discriminant ... more details
Pseudo Kufic script on the helm of the Virgin s mantle in Filippo Lippi s 1438 Pala Barbadori . Louvre ... align left image1 Filippo Lippi Pala Barbadori 1437 detail.jpg width1 143 caption1 image2 Pseudo Kufic examples.jpg width2 245 caption2 Pseudo Kufic , or Kufesque , also sometimes Pseudo Arabic ... described as pseudo Kufic, borrowing the term for an Arabic script that emphasizes straight and angular ... Mack, p.51 ref Pseudo Kufic appears especially often in Renaissance art in depictions of people from ... of the Abbasid Caliphate 774 . It displays the Latin legend Offa Rex King Offa between the pseudo Kufic lines. File Pseudo Kufic script in medallion on Byzantine shroud of Saint Potentien 12th century.jpg thumb Pseudo Kufic script in medallion on Byzantine shroud of Saint Potentian, 12th century ... used illegible pseudo Kufic script. ref http books.google.com books?id pePPvGkGZDQC&pg PA26&dq ... in pseudo Kufic script was a recurrent ornamental feature in Limoges and had long been adopted in Aquitaine ...&bmLocale en Louvre museum notice ref gallery File Limoges enamel ciborium pseudo Kufic circa 1200.jpg Pseudo Kufic band in Limoges enamel Ciborium container ciborium , circa 1200. Louvre Museum . ref ... Enfant Sienne detail.jpg thumb left upright Pseudo Kufic on the veil of the Virgin, Ugolino di Nerio , 1315 1320. File Paolo Veneziano 1354 La Vierge et l Enfant detail.jpg thumb left upright Pseudo Kufic ... Fabriano 015.jpg thumb left upright Pseudo Arabic script in the Virgin Mary s Halo religious iconography ... of pseudo Kufic are known from European art from around the 10th to the 15th century. Pseudo Kufic .... ref Mack, p.68 ref Pseudo Kufic would also be used as writing or as decorative elements ... generalist term of Pseudo Arabic . ref name Mack, p.51 The habit of representing guilted halos with decorated with pseudo Kufic script seems to have disappeared in 1350, but was revived around ... with pseudo Arabic halo, by Masaccio 1426 . ref Mack, p.66 ref File Gentile da Fabriano 037.jpg thumb ... more details
In constructivism mathematics constructive mathematics , a pseudo order is a constructive generalisation of a linear order to the continuous case. The usual trichotomy mathematics trichotomy law does not hold in the constructive continuum because of its indecomposability , so this condition is weakened. A pseudo order is a binary relation satisfying the following conditions It is not possible for two elements to each be less than the other. That is, math forall x,y neg x y wedge y x math . For all mvar x , mvar y , and mvar z , if math x y then either math x z or math z y . That is, math forall x,y,z x y to x z vee z y math . Every two elements for which neither one is less than the other must be equal. That is, math forall x,y neg x y vee y x to x y math This first condition is simply asymmetric relation asymmetry . It follows from the first two conditions that a pseudo order is transitive relation transitive . The second condition is often called co transitivity or comparison and is the constructive substitute for trichotomy. In general, given two elements of a pseudo ordered set, it is not always the case that either one is less than the other or else they are equal, but given any nontrivial interval, any element is either above the lower bound, or below the upper bound. The third condition is often taken as the definition of equality. The natural apartness relation on a pseudo ordered set is given by math x y leftrightarrow x y vee y x math and equality is defined by the negation of apartness. The negation of the pseudo order is a partial order which is close to a total order if x y is defined as the negation of y x , then we have math neg neg x le y wedge neg y le x . math Using classical logic one would then conclude that x y or y x , so it would be a total order. However, this inference is not valid in the constructive case. The prototypical pseudo order is that of the real numbers one real number is less than another if there exists one can construct a rational ... more details
Pseudo LRU usually refers two cache replacement algorithms tree PLRU and bit PLRU. Tree PLRU, is an efficient algorithm to find an item that most likely has not been accessed very recently, given a set of items and a sequence of access events to the items. This technique is used in the CPU cache of the Intel 486 and in many processors in the Power Architecture formerly PowerPC family, such as Freescale Freescale s PowerPC G4 used by Apple Computer . The algorithm works as follows consider a binary search tree for the items in question. Each node of the tree has a one bit flag denoting go left to find a pseudo LRU element or go right to find a pseudo LRU element . To find a pseudo LRU element, traverse the tree according to the values of the flags. To update the tree with an access to an item N, traverse the tree to find N and, during the traversal, set the node flags to denote the direction that is opposite to the direction taken. Bit PLRU stores one status bit for each cache line. We call these bits MRU bits. Every access to a line sets its MRU bit to 1, indicating that the line was recently used. Whenever the last remaining 0 bit of a sets status bits is set to 1, all other bits are reset to 0. At cache misses, the line with lowest index whose MRU bit is 0 is replaced. See also Cache algorithms DEFAULTSORT Pseudo Lru Category Memory management algorithms Comp sci stub ... more details
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