Refimprove date July 2008 Image MK53 fuze.jpg 300px right Proximityfuze MK53 fuze removed from shell. Circa 1950s A proximityfuze is a Fuze munitions fuze that is designed to detonate an Explosive material ... value or when the target passes through a given plane. The proximityfuze should not be confused with the common contact fuse . One of the first practical proximity fuzes was codenamed the VT fuze ... The ProximityFuze Whose Brainchild? publisher United States Naval Institute Proceedings date September ... one will be able to get a shell or missile in its neighbourhood . With a proximityfuze, all ..., and Amherst F.H. Thompson. ref name Brennen, 1968 proposed the radio frequency proximityfuze ... on the development of a radio proximityfuze. Pye s research was transferred to the United States ... was complete. ref name Brennen, 1968 The German proximityfuze in development by Rheinmetall Borsig ... accurate observation. U.S. general George S. Patton said that the introduction of the proximityfuze ... John W title Radio ProximityFuze issue date 1950 12 04 accessdate 2008 07 13 patent number 3152547 ... on the ground instead of the water. main Magnetic proximityfuze Magnetic sensing can only ... http www.navweaps.com index tech tech 102.htm ProximityFuze what does VT mean? . ref Developed by the US ... MSPO2007 35 01.jpg 120 millimetre mm High Explosive HE mortar shell fitted with proximityfuze Image A01 021A.GIF 120mm HE mortar shell fitted with M734 proximityfuze Image MSPO2007 37 01.jpg 60mm HE mortar shell fitted with proximityfuze File PD and Proximity fuze.jpg A 155mm artillery fuze with selector ... cooperation during World War II Contact fuse M734 proximityfuze References Reflist 2 Citation ... The Radio ProximityFuze A survey journal Vintage Electrics year 2003 volume 2 issue 1 url http www.smecc.org ... Geoffrey authorlink Geoffrey Bennett title The Development of the ProximityFuze journal Journal ... 62 issn 0953 3559 doi Citation last Collier first Cameron D. title Tiny Miracle the ProximityFuze ... more details
A Magnetic proximityfuze was patented by P.J. Eliomarkakis, United States Patent US2434551 of January 13, 1948 ref http www.freepatentsonline.com 2434551.pdf ref although similar devices had been in service for nearly a decade. It is a type of proximityfuze that initiates a detonator in a piece of Weapon ordnance such as a land mine , naval mine , depth charge , or Shell projectile shell when the fuse s magnetic equilibrium is upset by a magnetic object such as a tank or a submarine . Magnetic field sensors and movement sensors inside the ordnance detect changes to the Earth s magnetic field terrestrial magnetic field of the ordnance caused by another ferromagnetic object. A signal processor inside the ordnance receives the signals from the magnetic field sensors and movement sensors and activates the detonator which will then detonate the explosives within the ordnance. ref http www.patentstorm.us patents 5423262 fulltext.html ref Examples Examples of pieces of ordnance that employ a magnetic fuze include the Chinese Chen 2 bottom mine the Egyptian T 93 mine See also Proximity detector Proximity sensor Reed switch References Reflist Categories Category Weapons Category Switches Category Electromagnetic components Weapon stub ... more details
mechanical and or electronics electronic components e.g. a proximityfuze for an M107 projectile M107 artillery shell , magnetometer magnetic acoustic signature acoustic fuze on a sea mine , spring loaded grenade fuze, ref http www.freepatentsonline.com 4063514.html Grenade fuze Patent 4063514 ref ref http www.freepatentsonline.com 3618522.html DUAL SAFETY GRENADE FUZE Patent 3618522 ref ref ... fuze File MK53 fuze.jpg thumb right Mk 53 Proximityfuze for an artillery shell , circa 1945 Proximity ... Artillery fuze Black match Contact fuse Fuse explosives Percussion cap col break Proximityfuze Punk ... other uses Fuse explosives and Fuze disambiguation In a military munition a fuze is the part of the device that initiates function. The term fuze ref http www.army technology.com contractors ammunition ... Peculiar Equipment APE 1955 Grenade Fuze Tester MIL STD 398 Test. ref pencil detonator or anti handling ... fuze designs dating from circa 1915 can be seen in the cutaway diagrams at the end of this article ... array s . Description A fuze is a device used in munition s which is designed to detonate , or to set ... specified conditions. In contrast to a simple pyrotechnic fuse, a munitions fuze always has some .... ref http www.dtic.mil ndia 2004fuze hiebel.pdf ref A munition fuze assembly may contain only the electronic .... Fuze assemblies for large explosive charges may include an explosive booster . Fuze categorization ... affect the fuze design e.g. its safety and actuation mechanisms. Artillery fuzes main Artillery fuze Artillery fuzes are tailored to function in the special circumstances of artillery projectiles ... or stationary. Artillery fuzes may be initiated by a timer mechanism, impact or detection of proximity ... fuze are defined by the projectile s small size and slow delivery over a short distance. This necessitates ... fuzes The main design consideration is that the bomb the fuze is intended to actuate is stationary ... the water surface, usually above the mine. Fuze categorization by activation mechanism Time ... more details
Wiktionarypar fuzeFuze is a device to detonate military munitions. Fuze may also refer to Fuse or fuzeFuze beverage , a manufacturer of teas and non carbonated fruit drinks enriched with vitamins Sansa Fuze , a digital audio player DJ Fuze HTC Touch Pro or AT&T Fuze, a smartphone disambig ... more details
fuze , or on physical contact with contact fuse contact fuze or detected proximity to the ground, a structure or other target proximityfuze . Terminology Munitions fuzes are also used with rockets ... of shells. The fuze action is initiated by impact, elapsed time after firing or proximity to a target ... of burst almost always had to be adjusted by observation. Proximity fuzes Main Proximityfuze Image MK53 fuze.jpg thumb right Mk 53 Proximityfuze for an artillery shell , circa 1945 The benefits of a fuze that functioned when it detected a target in proximity are obvious, particularly for use ..., worked on the development of a radio proximityfuze. Pye s research was transferred to the United ... the next generation of proximityfuze included a mechanical timer to switch on the fuze a few seconds ... shells gallery See also Contact fuse Fuse explosives Proximityfuze Time bomb Notes reflist 2 References ...about fuzes for artillery projectiles other military fuzes Fuze An artillery fuze or artillery fuse is the type of munition fuze used with artillery munitions, typically projectiles fired by guns field, anti aircraft, coast and naval , howitzers and mortars. A fuze is a device that initiates an explosive ... and in the 1940s proximity fuzes were introduced to achieve more precisely positioned airburst ... explicitly described. Early history Solid cannonballs shot did not need a fuze, but hollow balls shells ... fuze. Early reports of shells include Venetian use at Jadra in 1376 and shells with fuzes at the 1421 .... This led, in 1747, to single fire and eliminated the need to light the fuze before loading ... pre cut fuze lengths giving 4, 4.5 and 5 seconds. ref Hogg pg 185 186 ref The first account of a percussion fuze appears in 1650, using a flint to create sparks to ignite the powder. The problem .... It was a wooden fuze some 6 inches long and used shear wire to hold blocks between the fuze ... on impact. A British naval percussion fuze, made of metal did not appear until 1861. ref Hogg pg ... more details
Image M734 Section.jpg thumb 200px Figure 1. M734 fuze cross section Image M734 Amplifier and Oscillator .jpg thumb 200px Figure 2. Amplifier top and oscillator The M734 Multi Option Fuze munitions Fuze ref name TM43 0001 28 TM43 0001 28 see Chapter 7, Fuze, Multi Option M734 ref shown in Figure 1 is a rangefinder ... proximity burst downward onto prone or fox holed targets. ref name FM 7 90 FM 7 90 see Appendix B, B 3 Fuze Settings ref The collision detection portion of the fuze consists of two mechanical ... functions into a single fuze reduces the logistics and cost to support mortar crews on the battlefield ... for one of the four fuze settings. A Gunner sights the mortar onto the target and an Ammunition Bearer sets the fuze. An Assistant Gunner drops the shell into the tube upon a command to fire from the Squad ... of Duties ref Tools are not required to install or set the fuze. It is adjusted by hand, even with Arctic mittens, simply by rotating the top of the fuze clockwise until a 3 letter engraving is above an index line. Additionally, the setting can be changed any number of times without causing damage to the fuze. The four engravings around the circumference of metal housing of the fuze have the following ... 20 ref PRX Proximity air burst between 3 and 13 feet NSB Near surface burst between 0 and 3 feet IMP .... ref FM 23 90 see Chapter 3, Types of Fuzes at 3 20 ref DLY Delay after impact of 0.05 seconds in the fuze ... shell is detonated by a cascading explosive train of 4 increasing energies within the fuze. These are the Microdet ... fuze settings, a firing circuit applies a voltage to the small Microdet which faces and ignites a bigger ..., and so on. This redundancy is a safety factor designed into the fuze to prevent malfunctioning ... 3. M734 fuze components Image M734 S&A Mechanism.jpg thumb 250px Figure 4. Mechanical arming Fuzes .... The fuze is safe to handle, however, because the two detonators are mounted in a Safety and Arming ... 3 . The events required to rotate the explosive train into alignment and generate power for the fuze ... more details
Infobox Company company name Fuze Box, Inc. type Private company Private company logo company type Private ... and video conferencing products Fuze Meeting Fuze Messenger Fuze Movie Tweetshare num employees 80 November 2010 homepage http www.fuzebox.com www.fuzebox.com Fuze Box, Inc. formerly CallWave, Inc. is a provider of Internet and mobile based unified communications solutions. Founded in 1998, Fuze ..., California and Sofia, Bulgaria. History Fuze Box was founded as CallWave by Robert A. Dolan, Peter ... Sarah Lacy title Fuze Box Sitting Pretty with No Public Shareholders and 1.1 Million Users publisher TechCrunch date 2009 08 19 accessdate 2009 09 09 url http www.techcrunch.com 2009 08 19 fuze box ... Fuze Box bought back all public shares and delisted itself from NASDAQ. ref name Kincaid 2009 cite news url http www.techcrunch.com 2009 07 03 callwave delists from nasdaq fuze meeting rises from the ashes title CallWave Delists From NASDAQ Fuze Meeting Rises From The Ashes last Kincaid first ... becomes Fuze Box last Hoge first Patrick date August 20, 2009 publisher San Francisco Business Times language English accessdate 2009 09 03 ref Products and services Fuze Meeting Fuze Meeting is an Web ... title Remote meeting app Fuze is decent but incomplete publisher CNET news date 2008 09 18 accessdate 2009 09 09 url http news.cnet.com 8301 17939 109 10045544 2.html ref Fuze Meeting is browser based ... Mac , Windows , iPhone and BlackBerry products. ref cite web author Clint Boulton title Fuze ... 2009 09 22 url http www.eweek.com c a Messaging and Collaboration Fuze Meeting Lets Users Push Meetings ... FUZE Conferencing Service from CallWave publisher CIO date 2008 09 17 accessdate 2009 09 10 url http www.cio.com article 449676 BlackBerry Smartphone Users Get FUZE Conferencing Service from CallWave ref Standard conference bridge and cloud based storage is also available. Fuze Messenger An Instant ... title Fuze Meeting for iPhone Online and Mobile Meeting Services publisher iPhoneCTO date 2009 06 24 ... more details
Other uses Fuze disambiguation POV check date September 2008 Infobox Company company name Fuze Beverage logo File Fuze Logo.jpg 200px company type Subsidiary foundation 2000 by Lance Collins entrepreneur ... Beverage products Healthy Alternative Beverages ref http www.drinkfuze.com Welcome to Fuze Beverages ... www.thecoca colacompany.com homepage http www.drinkfuze.com http www.drinkfuze.com Fuze Beverage , commercially referred to as just Fuze pronunciation fyooz , is a manufacturer of tea s and non ... Welcome to Fuze Beverages Refreshingly Smart Bot generated title ref Currently the brand consists of four ..., amino acids, and herbs, and alternative sweeteners such as crystalline fructose places Fuze products ... 357812 1.html ref Company history Fuze Beverage was founded by Lance Collins and creative ... 2005, Fuze products may be found in most major retailers, with sales topping 11 million cases by 2006 ... Fuze Beverage . Feb. 2, 2007 Boulder Daily Camera http www.dailycamera.com ci 13073446 ref br br The company s rapid growth attracted the attention of The Coca Cola Company, which purchased Fuze Beverage in February 2007 for an estimated 250 million. ref Coca Cola buys Fuze Beverage . Feb.2, 2007 ... Energy Drinks and WaterPlus as part of the purchase. ref Coca Cola to buy juice and tea maker Fuze ... 02 02 business 02drink.html Coca Cola to Buy Fuze Beverage New York Times Bot generated title ref ... in favor of buying innovative beverage companies. ref Lentini, Nina Feb.2, 2007 . Coke Buys Fuze ... fuze&page number 0 ref Fuze has a history of prolific innovation, launching over 40 new products and line extensions since its inception. ref Wright, Rebecca Coca Cola Acquires Fuze Beverage . Nutraceuticals ... manager to lead Fuze as a separate entity. Company founder Lance Collins was named head of innovation ... system and relationships, Sweat lead Fuze through a period of rapid growth. Sales more than ... ref In 2009, Fuze entered into an agreement to sell its products fountain style in over 22,000 Subway ... more details
update date November 2010 Infobox computer image Image Sansafuze.JPG 250px Sansa Fuze title Sansa Fuze caption 1st generation Sansa Fuze 4GB manufacturer SanDisk type Portable media player connectivity Universal Serial Bus USB 2.0 USB mass storage device class MSC and Media Transfer Protocol MTP lifespan ... br SanDisk Sansa Sansa Clip Sansa Clip Infobox software name Sansa Fuze Firmware latest release version 1.02.31 and 2.03.33 latest release date Start date and age 2010 01 20 The Sansa Fuze is a portable ... Cart ?ATC 13460563 title Sansa Store publisher SanDisk accessdate 2008 03 26 ref . The Fuze ... of both are saved as PCM WAV Files. Media support The Fuze supports MP3 , Windows Media Audio ... SanDisk title Official Sansa Fuze Forums url http forums.sandisk.com sansa board message?board.id sansafuse&thread.id 31437 chapter video4fuze . ref The Sansa Fuze supports media playlists types of .m3u and Windows Media Player Playlist .wpl As of the 1.02.26 and 2.02.26 firmware revisions, Fuze ... Official Sansa Fuze Forums http forums.sandisk.com sansa board message?board.id sansafuse&thread.id 33874 Sansa Fuze Firmware Update 01.02.28 and 02.02.28 ref ref Official Sansa Fuze Forums http forums.sandisk.com ... ref Operation The Sansa Fuze is mainly supported on Microsoft Windows , but is also compatible ... can also function as a Windows Media 10 and up device. The Fuze s USB cable utilizes a proprietary ... playlists, the Sansa Fuze supports Windows Media Player in MTP mode , Winamp in MSC mode and http www.anythingbutipod.com forum showthread.php?t 47877 YAPL for Fuze in MSC mode . In auto detect ..., or you can just drag and drop via a file browser like Windows Explorer. The Rockbox port for the Fuze ... the second version Fuze devices. Fuze SanDisk has released a second generation version of the Sansa Fuze featuring a larger 2.4 QVGA screen and touch capability. See also SanDisk SanDisk Sansa Comparison ... fuze tech SanDisk Sansa Fuze Specification Webpage http sansa fuze english.jimdo.com Sansa Fuze blog ... more details
18 pounder 18 pounder British ordnance terms HE HE shell, 106 Mk II fuze and safety cap center File ... Mk II fuze with safety cap on center Number 106 Fuze was the first British instantaneous percussion artillery fuze , first used in action in late 1916. Background Britain entered World War I with a policy ... for this purpose was that it relied on extreme accuracy on setting the fuze timing to burst ... range of convert 570 yard m limited their usefulness. Implementation The Number 106 Fuze drew on French ... surface. Hence it was a Direct Action rather than a graze fuze simple deceleration or change of direction ... forward from the nose of the fuze . The slightest movement inwards of this spindle caused the fuze ... was a length of brass tape wrapped around the spindle between the fuze body and the hammer head ... fractionally i.e. it resisted acceleration, and hence the accelerating fuze body forced the tape .... When acceleration ceased shortly after the shell left the gun barrel, the hammer and fuze body ... activating the fuze. Hence usage of this fuze in action was characterised by British troops in the front ... the enemy lines. The fuze was first used experimentally in action in the later phases of the Battle ... and was free to spin outwards, activating the fuze. Hence the chain of events necessary to allow the fuze to activate a shell were Gunner removes the fuze s safety cap before loading Fuze accelerates ... Rifling in gun barrel causes shell and hence fuze to spin rapidly Fuze exits gun barrel and ceases accelerating hammer ceases to setback, freeing up tape Fuze continues to spin between 1,300 and 1,700 ... resistance and decelerates, causing momentum of fuze body to force detonator onto pointed end of hammer spindle Detonator explodes, sending flame through centre of fuze body to C.E. Composition Exploding magazine in fuze base C.E. magazine detonates, sending flame into shell nose Flame activates ... in 1917 and 1918 No. 106 fuze was typically employed on high explosive shells for cutting barbed wire ... more details
unreferenced date March 2008 Infobox Sports team team Flint Fuze color1 color2 logo pixels founded 2001 league Continental Basketball Association CBA history Relocated & became the Great Lakes Storm arena ballpark stadium IMA Sports Arena city Flint, Michigan colors owner president coach Jeff Grayer manager championships titles cheerleaders dancers mascot broadcasters media The Flint Fuze were a professional basketball team located in Flint, Michigan , United States , in 2001. They were a part of the Continental Basketball Association and played their home games at the IMA Sports Arena . Former National Basketball Association journeyman Jeff Grayer helped create the franchise and served as the team s initial head coach. After the 2001 season, low attendance forced the Fuze to relocate to Birch Run, Michigan , and become the Great Lakes Storm . After the 2004 season, the franchise folded. Category Sports in Flint, Michigan Category Continental Basketball Association teams ... more details
Image Littlefuze3.jpg thumb DJ FUZE, born David Elliot in Syracuse, New York , is an American Hip Hop DJ and Record producer, who is most known for his work in the 1990s with the multi platinum, P Funk inspired rap group, Digital Underground . Digital Underground Fuze co produced several songs on Digital Underground s grammy nominated and multi platinum debut album Sex Packets . Most notable of these songs is the bay area classic Freaks of the Industry . He toured with D.U. internationally in 1990, supporting the group s hit single Doowutchyalike , and platinum single The Humpty Dance Billboard Rap Chart position 1 , and also toured the U.S. on the 1991 Budweiser Superfest tour supporting their follow up effort This Is An EP Release featuring the single Same Song on which a young Tupac Shakur debuted. The following year D.U. released Sons of the P , which featured the hit singles Kiss You Back and No Nose Job , the latter of which showcased a unique scratching technique that Fuze playfully coined the bumble bee scratch , inspired by DJ QBert , and featured prominently in the song s intro ... FUZE also collaborated with the late rap superstar Tupac Shakur on his debut album 2PACALYPSE NOW. In addition to naming the album, FUZE produced the song Violent, which is a partial remake of Shabba Ranks and Cocoa Tea s dance hall hit Pirate Anthem. Other work Raw Fusion DJ FUZE was also one half ... Menace To Society, Dead Presidents , American Pimp , and From Hell. The Luniz In 1994, DJ FUZE ... release Operation Stackola . Fuze also toured internationally with The Luniz during their platinum period, supporting their hit I Got Five On It . Dru Down DJ FUZE also produced a minor Bay Area hit Can You Feel Me for Oakland rapper Dru Down in 1996. Film and Video Appearances FUZE appeared with Digital ... videos for The Humpty Dance, Doowutchyalike, Same Song, Kiss You Back, and No Nose Job. FUZE also appeared ... s first two music videos, Trapped and Brenda s Got A Baby. Current Activity DJ FUZE returned to college ... more details
accidental tilting of the fuze while they are setting up. These often include a timer incorporated ... of the tilt fuze in their bomb fuzes. Tilt fuzes have been used extensively by the Irish Republican ... DEFAULTSORT Tilt Fuze Category Improvised explosive devices Category Car bombs ... more details
Proximity search may refer to Proximity search text Proximity search metric space disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Proximity effect may refer to Proximity effect atomic physics Proximity effect audio , an increase in bass or low frequency response when a sound source is close to a microphone Proximity Effect comic Proximity Effect comic , a comic book series written by Scott Tucker and Aron Coleite Proximity effect electromagnetism Proximity effect electron beam lithography , a phenomenon in electron beam lithography EBL Proximity effect superconductivity , a term used in the field of superconductivity The Proximity Effect , a 1998 album by the band Nada Surf disambig ... more details
Refimprove date March 2009 merge Proximity sensor date October 2010 Proximity detectors are devices that use mutual capacitance between itself and object in order to detect its presence. ref Cite book title The Alarm, Sensor & Security Circuit Cookbook first Thomas last Petruzzellis publisher McGraw Hill Professional year 1993 ISBN 0830643141 ref There are many types of proximity detector. Common types include magnetic proximity switch see reed switch infrared proximity switch See also Magnetic proximity fuse Proximity sensor Touch switch , another device made possible by body capacitance References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Proximity Detector Category Switches Category Detectors science stub ... more details
refimprove date September 2008 A proximity sensor is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. A proximity sensor often emits an Electromagnetic field electromagnetic or electrostatic field, or a beam of electromagnetic radiation infrared , for instance , and looks for changes in the electric field field or return signal. The object being sensed is often referred to as the proximity sensor s target. Different proximity sensor targets demand different sensors. For example, a capacitive proximity sensor capacitive or photoelectric sensor might be suitable for a plastic target an inductive sensor inductive proximity sensor requires a metal target. The maximum distance that this sensor can detect is defined nominal range . Some sensors have adjustments of the nominal range or means to report a graduated detection distance. Proximity sensors can have a high reliability and long functional life because of the absence of mechanical parts and lack of physical contact between sensor and the sensed object. Proximity sensors are also used in machine vibration monitoring to measure the variation in distance between a shaft and its support bearing. This is common in large steam turbines, compressors, and motors that use sleeve type bearings. International Electrotechnical Commission IEC 60947 5 2 defines the technical details of proximity sensors. A proximity sensor adjusted to a very short range is often used as a touch switch . A proximity sensor is divided in two halves and if the two halves move away from each other, then a signal is activated. A proximity sensor can be used in windows, and when the window opens an alarm is activated. Types ... current Magnetic , including Magnetic proximity fuse Photocell reflective Laser rangefinder Sonar typically ... bumpers that sense distance to nearby cars for parking Ground proximity warning system for aviation ... serv products oc en bently nevada proxprobes.htm Proximity Probes for industrial machinery vibration ... more details
In topology , a proximity space is an axiomatization of notions of nearness that hold set to set, as opposed to the better known point to set notions that characterize topological space s. The concept was described by Frigyes Riesz in 1908 and ignored at the time. It was rediscovered and axiomatized by Vadim Arsenyevich Efremovich V. A. Efremovi& 269 in 1934, but not published until 1951. In the interim, in 1940, A. N. Wallace discovered a version of the same concept. Definition A proximity space X , &delta is a set X with a relation mathematics relation &delta between subsets of X satisfying the following properties For all subsets A , B and C of X A &delta B &rArr B &delta A A &delta B &rArr A &ne ø A &cap B &ne ø &rArr A &delta B A &delta B &cup C &hArr A &delta B or A &delta C &forall E , A &delta E or B &delta X &minus E &rArr A &delta B Proximity without the first axiom is called quasi proximity . If A &delta B we say A is near B or A and B are proximal. We say B ... axiomatic characterization of proximity spaces. For all subsets A , B , C , and D of X , X « ... E « B A proximity space is called separated if x &delta y implies x y . A proximity or proximal ... 1 sup C « f sup &minus 1 sup D holds in X . Given a proximity space, one can define a topology by letting A &rarr x x &delta A be a Kuratowski closure operator . If the proximity space is separated, the resulting topology is Hausdorff space Hausdorff . Proximity maps will be continuous ... space, there is a unique proximity whose corresponding topology is the given topology A is near ... a proximity relation by declaring A is near B if and only if A × B has nonempty intersection with every ... Reference offers a lengthy exposition on proximity spaces freely available at cite web url http eom.springer.de P p075560.htm title Proximity space accessdate 2010 01 01 S. A. Naimpally and B. D. Warrack cite Proximity Spaces cite Cambridge U, 1970 . cite web url http citeseerx.ist.psu.edu viewdoc ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Image Proximity badge.km.jpg thumb 250px right A proximity card Image Turnstile and MagLock Gate.jpg thumb 250px A proximity card controlled turnstile Image ProximityCard 1.jpg thumb 250px right Anatomy of proximity card coil and IC Image ProximityCard 2.jpg thumb 250px right Anatomy of proximity card coil and IC Proximity card or prox card Citation needed date October 2010 is a generic name for contactless integrated circuit devices used for Access control security access or payment systems. It can refer to the older 125 kHz devices or the newer 13.56 MHz contactless RFID cards, most commonly known as contactless smartcard s. Modern proximity cards are covered by the ISO IEC 14443 proximity card standard. There is also a related ISO IEC 15693 vicinity card standard. Proximity cards are powered by resonant energy transfer and have a range of 0 3 inches in most instances. The user will usually be able to leave the card inside a wallet or purse. The price of the cards is also low, usually US 2 5, allowing them to be used in applications such as identification cards, keycard s, payment cards and public transit fare cards. Proximity cards use resonant energy transfer via an LC circuit . An Integrated circuit IC , capacitor , and inductor coil are connected in parallel. The card reader presents a field that excites the coil and charges the capacitor, which in turn energizes and powers the IC. The IC then transmits the card number via the coil to the card reader. The card readers communicate in Wiegand protocol that consists of a data 0 and a data 1 circuit or binary or simple on off digital type circuit . The earliest cards were 26 bit. As demand has increased bit size has increased to continue to provide unique numbers. Often, the first several bits can be made identical these are called facility or site code. The idea is that company ... identification Physical security Security Smart card Wiegand interface DEFAULTSORT Proximity Card ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name The Proximity Effect Type Album Artist Nada Surf Cover Nada Surf The Proximity Effect.jpg Released September 22, 1998 Recorded Genre Indie rock Length 53 02 Label MarDev Producer Fred Maher Reviews Allmusic Rating 3 5 Allmusic class album id r377769 pure url yes link NME 7 10 http www.nme.com reviews nada surf 328 link Pitchfork Media 5.1 10 http pitchfork.com reviews albums 5692 the proximity effect link PopMatters http www.popmatters.com music reviews n nadasurf proximity.shtml link Last album High Low br 1996 This album The Proximity Effect br 1998 Next album Let Go Nada Surf album Let Go br 2003 The Proximity Effect , released in 1998, was the second album released by the alternative indie band Nada Surf . The album was self released under the MarDev label. The songs Hyperspace and Amateur were the best known songs released from the album. Matthew Caws attributed the quality of the album production to the band having been on Elektra Records . Finding no radio friendly single on this album, Elektra asked the band to write a hit, and had them record covers of other artists, trying to push Why Are You So Mean To Me? as the first single, but the band eventually refused to work on it any further, as they believed it was artistically perfect. As a result, while it was released, critically acclaimed, and welcomed by the public, in Europe in September 1998, with the band doing many shows in Europe, including a 30 show tour in France in early 1999, Elektra cut its funding and later dropped the band, not releasing it in the USA, while a few promotional copies had already been pressed. Nada Surf spent the following couple of years struggling to get the rights over the album, in order to release it on its own structure, MarDev ... DEFAULTSORT Proximity Effect, The Category Nada Surf albums Category 1998 albums es The Proximity Effect fr The Proximity Effect nl The Proximity Effect pt The Proximity Effect ... more details
Waste Management The proximity principle advocates that waste should be disposed of or otherwise managed close to the point at which it is generated, thus aiming to achieve responsible self sufficiency at a regional or sub regional level. Where this is not possible, priority should be given to transportation by Rail transport rail or water . ref Torbay Council 2005 Municipal Waste Management Strategy for Torbay 2005 2006 ref Sustainable Communities In 2008, the Campaign to Protect Rural England defined a proximity principle for housing and Sustainable community sustainable communities . Proximity should be favoured over dispersal to encourage community interaction, make public transport , local services and environmental initiatives more viable, and drive creativity and the economy. It is a principle that champions higher housing densities on Urban area urban , preferably brownfield brownfield land sites over dispersed settlements such as exurbia and Eco towns UK eco towns . ref Campaign to Protect Rural England CPRE 2008 . http www.cpre.org.uk campaigns housing and urban policy sustainable communities sustainable communities campaign update The Proximity Principle why we are living too far apart . ref References references Category Waste management concepts Category Urban studies and planning Category Town and country planning in the United Kingdom ... more details
Wikify date April 2010 Proximity Analysis is an analytical technique used to determine the relationship between a selected point and its neighbors. ref Blinn, Charles R., Lloyd P. Queen, and Les W. Maki, http www.extension.umn.edu distribution naturalresources components DD6097hr.html Geographic Information Systems A Glossary. ref Proximity analysis is a crucial tool for business marketing and site selection. Marketers analyze demographics and infrastructure to determine trade areas. Trade areas are continuous geographic areas around a site that generate the majority of revenue. ref http www.infogrowcorp.com Home Solutions Index Tools Proximity Reports default.aspx InfoGrow ref Proximity Analysis is a study using location intelligence , mapping software, to calculate the distances between customer prospect locations, to your location s retail store, bank, restaurant, dealer, or sales reps as the first step in building an understanding of trade sales service area s . An analysis typically includes a report and map showing the relationship of the data and often includes competitor locations in the analysis. Reference list Reflist Category Analysis ... more details
orphan date June 2010 Proximity communication is a Sun microsystems technology of wireless Integrated circuit chip to chip communications. Partly by Robert Drost and Ivan Sutherland . Research done as part of High Productivity Computing Systems DARPA project. Proximity communication replaces wires by capacitive coupling, promises significant increase in communications speed between chips in an electronic system, among other benefits. Partially funded by a 50 million award from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Comparing traditional area ball bonding, proximity communication has one order smaller scale, so it can be two order densier in terms of connection number pin number than ball bonding. This technique require very good alignment between chips and very small gaps between tx and rx parts 2 3 micrometers , which can be destroyed by thermal expansion, vibration, dust, etc. Chip transmitter consists according to presentation slide of big 32x32 array of very small Tx micropads, 4x4 array of bigger Rx micropads four times bigger than tx micropad , and two linear arrays of 14 X vernier and 14 Y vernier. Proximity communication can be used with 3D packing on chips in Multi Chip Module , allowing to connect several MCM without sockets and wires. Speed was up to 1.35 Gbps channel in tests of 16 channel systems. BER 10 sup 12 sup . Static power is 3.6 mW channel, dynamic power is 3.9 pJ bit Current status of the project is unknown. External links Book Ron Ho, Robert Drost, http www.amazon.com Communication Techniques High Performance Low Power Integrated dp 1441965874 Coupled Data Communication Techniques for High Performance and Low Power Computing , Springer, 2010. http research.sun.com spotlight 2004 09 20.feature proximity.html Press release http research.sun.com sunlabsday docs.2004 talks 1.02 Drost.pdf Slides by Robert J. Drost http research.sun.com people drost List of Drost patents in Sun, most of which is about Proximity communication Sun Microsystems ... more details
In marketing and business strategy , proximity mapping is a technique used by IBM , McKinsey and other corporations to illustrate the relative closeness of market segments or characteristics in a two dimensional space typically a sheet of paper or a presentation slide. Examples Adjacent Markets Here, for example, is a proximity map of the IT market in the UK, based on 2004 values Image UK IT market.jpg right thumb 480px Proximity map of the UK IT market The map was constructed in response to the often repeated statement that Dell, Inc. expands into adjacent markets. Historically, such statements have tended not to be supported by an explanation of what an adjacent market might be, leaving many with the tautologous feeling that an adjacent market is simply one that Dell expands into. This map was constructed on the basis that, given any pair of IT markets, the more vendors that are common to both markets, the closer they should be on the map. The relative size of each circle is proportional to the size of that UK market in 2004, as measured by IDC. The relative distance between the centres of any pair of circles is negatively correlated with the number of vendors which operate successfully in both markets. This entails comparing the Top 10 vendors in each of the two markets, counting ... IT Solutions and Technologies Image Google proximity.jpg right thumb 480px Proximity map of IT solutions and technologies This proximity map was designed to show the strength of the association between ... name and solution2 name. The basis for colouring the circles is independent of the proximity .... Customer Groups and their Needs Image NeedsMap.jpg right frame Proximity map of Customer Segments ... d B, A d A, B d B, C d A, C Examples of the types of entities that can be proximity mapped include ... the need a high priority. An example of an entity that cannot be proximity mapped is People, by the closeness ... scaling Morphological analysis Relationism Relational proximity Citations reflist 2 Further reading ... more details
Proximity marketing is the localized wireless distribution of advertising content associated with a particular place. Transmissions can be received by individuals in that location who wish to receive them and have the necessary equipment to do so. Distribution may be via a traditional localized Broadcasting broadcast , or more commonly is specifically targeted to devices known to be in a particular area. The location of a device may be determined by A cellular phone being in a particular cell A Bluetooth or WiFi device being within range of a transmitter. An Internet enabled device with GPS enabling it to request localized content from Internet servers. Communications may be further targeted to specific groups within a given location, for example content in tourist hot spots may only be distributed to devices registered outside the local area. Communications may be both time and place specific, e.g. content at a conference venue may depend on the event in progress. Uses of proximity marketing include distribution of media at concerts, information weblinks on local facilities , gaming and social applications, and advertising. Bluetooth based systems Bluetooth , a short range wireless system supported by many mobile devices, is one transmission medium used for proximity marketing. The process of Bluetooth based proximity marketing involves setting up Bluetooth broadcasting equipment at a particular location and then sending information which can be text, images, audio or video to Bluetooth ... . Because of this, often regions where Bluetooth proximity marketing is in operation it is accompanied .... Some implementations of Bluetooth proximity marketing require users to run Java applications ... , GSM based proximity broadcast systems are used by select Government Agencies for information dissemination ... based service Location marketing Hypertag spam electronic DEFAULTSORT Proximity Marketing Category ... Bluetooth es Marqueting bluetooth it Proximity marketing nl Bluecasting ru Bluetooth ... more details
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