The protocolstack is an implementation of a computer network ing protocol suite . The terms are often used interchangeably. Strictly speaking, the suite is the definition of the protocols, and the stack is the software implementation of them. ref cite web title What is a protocolstack? accessdate 2010 02 21 url http www.webopedia.com TERM P protocol stack.html publisher WEBOPEDIA location http www.webopedia.com quote A protocolstack is a set of network protocol layers that work together. The OSI Reference Model that defines seven protocol layers is often called a stack, as is the set of TCP IP protocols that define communication over the Internet. ref ref cite web title What Is a Protocol ... design and evaluation easier. Because each protocol module usually communicates with two others, they are commonly imagined as layers in a stack of protocols. The lowest protocol always deals with low ... level protocol will sit on top, and incur further processing. An example protocolstack and the corresponding ... OSI protocol suite Service layer Solution stack TCP IP model WAP protocol suite X.25 protocol suite References references Categories DEFAULTSORT ProtocolStack Category Network protocols Category Wikipedia ... 01 09 url http www.ehow.com about 5849361 protocol suite .html quote A protocol suite is a collection ... networks, via a common communications language. ref Individual network protocol protocols within a suite ... implementation, protocol stacks are often divided into three major sections media, transport, and applications. ref cite web title What Is a Protocol Suite? accessdate 2010 02 21 publisher eHow author Andrea Kobeszko date 2010 09 03 url http www.ehow.com facts 6917772 protocolstack definition.html quote Protocol stacks are made up of individual layers, which are typically divided into three ... the transport layers and applications. The media to transport interface defines how transport protocol ... level would define how Internet protocol suite TCP IP transport software would talk to Ethernet ... more details
A web service protocolstack is a protocolstack a stack of computer networking protocol computing protocol s that is used to define, locate, implement, and make Web services interact with each other. A Web service protocolstack typically stacks four protocols Service Transport Protocol responsible for transporting messages between network applications and includes protocols such as HTTP , SMTP , File Transfer Protocol FTP , as well as the more recent BEEP Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol BEEP . XML Messaging Protocol responsible for encoding messages in a common XML format so that they can be understood at either end of a network connection. Currently, this area includes such protocols as XML RPC , WS Addressing , and SOAP protocol SOAP . Service Description Protocol used for describing the public interface to a specific Web service. The Web Services Description Language WSDL interface format is typically used for this purpose. Service Discovery Protocol centralizes services into a common registry such that network Web services can publish their location and description, and makes it easy to discover what services are available on the network. Universal Description Discovery and Integration UDDI was intended for this purpose, but it has not been widely adopted. The Web service protocolstack also includes a whole range of recently defined protocols Business Process Execution Language BPEL , SOAP Security Extensions Digital Signature SOAP DSIG . External links http www.informit.com articles article.aspx?p 31076&seqNum 2 Alex Nghiem 2003 The Basic Web Services Stack http webservices.xml.com pub a ws 2002 02 12 webservicefaqs.html Ethan Cerami 2002 Top Ten FAQs for Web Services http www.innoq.com soa ws standards poster innoQ 2007 Web Services Standards as of Q1 2007 http roadmap.cbdiforum.com reports protocols Lawrence Wilkes updated Feb 2005 The Web Services ProtocolStack http webservices.xml.com lpt a ws 2002 01 09 soap.html Pavel Kulchenko 2002 Web Services Acronyms ... more details
About a technical explanation of the architecture of the UniPro sup SM sup protocolstack an overview of the protocolstack, its purpose, usage and status UniPro Orphan date September 2010 In mobile telephone ... UniPro protocolstack this color coding is a long standing UniPro tradition style background D8D8D8 ... directions are totally independent at this level of the protocolstack. In UniPro, the D PHY is used in a mode called 8b9b encoding which conveys 8 bit bytes as 9 bit symbols. The UniPro protocol uses ... bytes are used by higher layers of the UniPro protocol. The maximum frame size of 288 payload bytes per frame was chosen to ensure that the entire protocolstack could easily transmit 256 bytes ... Processor Interface MIPI Alliance DEFAULTSORT Unipro ProtocolStack Category Embedded systems Category ... Protocol UniPro sup SM sup v1.10.01 , requires an account at the MIPI website ref protocolstack follows the architecture of the classical OSI model OSI Reference Model . In UniPro, the OSI Physical ... 800 Mbit s is then available for the UniPro stack. The D PHY also supports a Low Power Data Transmission ... are used by the protocol L1.5 and L2 itself. In the figures, the control bits are shown in L1.5 red as a reminder that they are defined in and used by protocol Layer 1.5. L1.5 multi lane support The main .... This involves a simple discovery protocol within L1.5 that is executed on initialization. The protocol ... a built in protocol called PACP PA Control Protocol that allows L1.5 to communicate with its peer L1.5 ... can lead to occasional errors in the received data. The Data Link layer contains a protocol to automatically ... be passed once to the upper protocol layer duplicate data frames are discarded data frames within the same Traffic Class will be received and passed to the upper protocol layers in order Thus individual ... used Transmission Control Protocol TCP protocol that detects errors at the endpoints and relies on end ... services have already been taken care of by lower protocol layers. L4 is essentially about enabling ... more details
wiktionary Stack may refer to A pile or mound of something TOC right Mathematics Stack descent theory , general category theoretical concept to formalise pull back operations in geometry and algebra Algebraic stack , a generalisation of scheme and algebraic space in algebraic geometry a specific type of the above Computers Stack data structure , abstract data type and data structure based on the principle of Last In First Out LIFO Stacks software , a folder view on the Dock of Mac OS X Stack based memory allocation Call stackProtocolstack , a particular software implementation of a computer networking protocol suite Solution stack , a grouping of software systems intended to deliver a solution, increasing in abstraction from bottom to top. People Brian Stack Stevens , a Cornish rugby player 2010 Austin plane crash Joseph Stack , an American who flew an aircraft into an Austin, Texas building to attack the IRS Stacks rapper , the stage name of the rapper Yannique Barker born 1985 Robert Stack 1919 2003 American actor Technology Flue gas stacks , the industrial terminology for an industrial plant chimney Guitar amplifier stack, as used in guitar terminology Smoke stack, a chimney Stack interchange , a free flowing grade separated junction between two roads The Stack , the interchange of I 10 and I 17 in Phoenix, Arizona Other Stack geology , a large vertical column of rock in the sea Stack magazine , a bimonthly publication about high school sports See also lookfrom intitle Haystack disambiguation Stacker disambiguation Stacking disambiguation Stak disambiguation disambiguation bg cs Z sobn k de Stack et Magasin es Stack fr Stack ko hu Verem egy rtelm s t lap nl Stack ja ru sk Z sobn k sl Sklad sv Stack ... more details
About the freeway interchange in Phoenix, Arizona Phoenix Los Angeles, California Los Angeles stack Bill Keene Memorial Interchange Infobox road junction country USA name The Stack image I 10 and I 17 stack, PHX.jpg image caption The Stack , intersection of Interstate 10 and I 17. Looking north up I 17, downtown Phoenix. maint ADOT location Phoenix, Arizona coord Coord 33 27 43 N 112 6 30 W display inline, title scale 10000 roads jct state AZ I 10 br jct state AZ I 17 br jct state AZ US 60 type const opened 1990 height other names map Map of the stack.svg The Stack is a colloquialism used to describe the symmetrical, four level stack interchange in Downtown Phoenix in the U.S. state of Arizona that facilitates movements between Interstate 17 U.S. Route 60 in Arizona U.S. Route 60 and Interstate 10 in Arizona Interstate 10 . ref cite web url http kjzz.org news traffic terms title The Stack Interchange publisher KJZZ accessdate 2008 03 18 ref Description In 2006, the Stack interchange saw an average of 235,000 cars pass through it daily on Interstate 10 in Arizona Interstate 10 eastbound and westbound and an average of 120,000 cars on northbound and southbound Interstate 17 . ref cite web url http tpd.azdot.gov data documents SHSAADT0707.xls title Arizona AADT publisher ADOT accessdate 2008 03 18 Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref The interchange constitutes exit 200A on Interstate 17 and exits 143A and 143B on Interstate 10 in Arizona Interstate 10 . Access is provided in all directions and there are no direct HOV lane connections. Interstate 17 has two frontage road .... History The stack was the Phoenix Metropolitan Area and Arizona s first four level stack ... AARoads accessdate 2008 03 18 ref Congestion In a 2007 study by Forbes , the Stack ranked number ... better than the Mini Stack , which logged 22 million hours of delays, the fourth worst in the nation ... Interchange Mini Stack Phoenix area freeways DEFAULTSORT Stack, The Category Buildings and structures ... more details
Protocol may refer to Protocol diplomacy , the etiquette of diplomacy and affairs of state Protocol politics , a formal agreement between nation states Protocol, a.k.a. etiquette Medical guideline Clinical protocol , another word for medical guidelines Research methods Protocol natural sciences Clinical trial protocol Voice procedure a protocol for voice communications Protocol object oriented programming , a common means for unrelated objects to communicate with each other Communications protocol , a set of rules & regulations that determine how data is transmitted in telecommunications and computer networking Protocol band , British Protocol film Protocol film , a 1984 comedy film Protocol album Protocol album , the d but album EP from Simon Phillips See also List of network protocols The Protocols of the Elders of Zion Mission Impossible 4 Ghost Protocol disambiguation ar bg ca Protocol cs Protokol da Protokol de Protokoll Begriffskl rung es Protocolo eo Protokolo fr Protocole gl Protocolo ja ko io Protokolo it Protocollo he lt Protokolas reik m s hu Protokoll egy rtelm s t lap no Protokoll pl Protok pt Protocolo ru sk Protokol sl Protokol ckb sv Protokoll uk ur ... more details
Refimprove date May 2008 A Bluetooth stack is a computer software software that refers to an implementation of the Bluetooth protocolstack . Bluetooth stacks can be roughly divided into two General purpose ... is the portable higher layer Bluetooth protocolstack from Stollmann E V GmbH. BlueCode 4.0 is qualified ... the upper layers of the Bluetooth protocolstack above HCI, or optionally RFCOMM plus a large library ... protocolstack which powers Apple s iPhone and Qualcomm powered devices such as the Motorola RAZR ... was the first fully certified all protocols and profiles Bluetooth protocolstack at the 1.1 level ... accessdate 2011 11 16 ref EtherMind stack EtherMind is a Bluetooth protocolstack from MindTree ... interface API documentation. Jungo s BTware Jungo s Bluetooth ProtocolStack allows device ..., FTP. lwBT lwBT is an open source lightweight Bluetooth protocolstack for embedded system s. It acts as a network interface for the lwIP protocolstack. It supports some Bluetooth protocols and layers ... Windows Widcomm Widcomm was the first Bluetooth stack for the Microsoft Windows Windows operating system. The stack was initially developed by a company named Widcomm Inc., which was acquired by Broadcom ... 03 02 ref Broadcom continues to license the stack for inclusion with many Bluetooth powered end user devices. An API is available for interacting with the stack from a custom application. For developers there is also a utility named BTServer Spy Lite bundled with the stack some vendor tied versions excluded which monitors Bluetooth activity on the stack at a very low level although the category and level of trace is configurable. This stack also allows use of RFCOMM without creating a virtual serial port in the operating system. Microsoft Windows stack The Microsoft Windows Bluetooth stack only .... ref name MSBTFAQ Generally, only a single stack can be used at any time switching usually requires uninstalling the current stack, although a trace of previous stacks remains in the Windows registry ... more details
Graham Stack may refer to Graham Stack footballer Graham Stack record producer hndis Stack, Graham Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
John Stack may refer to John Stack politician 1845 1897 , Irish nationalist politician, Member of Parliament MP for North Kerry 1885 1892 John Stack rower 1924 1997 , American rower, gold medallist at the 1948 Summer Olympics hndis name Stack, John ... more details
Double stack may refer to Double stack rail transport trains with two layers of containers. A Guitar amplifier Amplifier configuration guitar amplifier configuration disambig ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2007 orphan date November 2009 A blowdown stack is a chimney or vertical stack that is used to vent the pressure of components of a chemical, refinery or other process if there is a process problem or emergency. A blowdown stack can be used to complement a flare stack or as an alternative. The purpose is to prevent loss of containment of volatile liquids and gases. The failure of the blowdown stack to contain hydrocarbon s vented from a raffinate splitter led to a catastrophic explosion at the Texas City Refinery BP in 2005. DEFAULTSORT Blowdown Stack Category Chemical engineering Architecture stub ... more details
Charles Stack may refer to Charles Stack lawyer born 1935 , Florida lawyer and former federal judicial nominee to the U.S. Court of Appeals Charles M. Stack , internet pioneer Charles Stack bishop 1825 1914 , Anglican bishop hndis Stack, Charles Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it from being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Long comment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
be doubted whether or not she landed on Out Stack. The fact that there was no safe landing was one ... on Muckle Flugga and not on Out Stack. Visit the world famous Hermaness National Nature Reserve which also covers the Muckle Flugga rocks and Out Stack as well as the seabird cliffs and moorland of Hermaness . gallery File Out Stack Scotland s most northerly point and the full stop of the U.K. geograph.org.uk 1462941.jpg Looking South West from Out Stack towards Muckle Flugga File Out Stack.jpg Out Stack seen from Muckle Flugga File Out Stack.2.jpg Out Stack and Muckle Flugga File Out Stack.3.jpg Out Stack and Muckle Flugga gallery Footnotes Reflist External links Commons category Out Stack ... Shetland geo stub da Out Stack de Out Stack es Out Stack fr Out Stack is tstakkur he nl Out Stack no Out Stack nn Out Stack pt Out Stack fi Out Stack ... more details
category Sule Stack position left Orkney geo stub coord 59.02382 N 4.50846 W region GB source enwiki ... Interest in Orkney de Sule Stack es Sule Stack fr Sule Stack nn Sule Stack ru ... more details
Infobox mountain name Ben Stack photo Scotland Ben Stack01 2003 05 31.jpg photo caption Ben Stack seen from the A838 road elevation m 721 elevation ref prominence m 532 prominence ref listing Graham hill Graham , Marilyn hill Marilyn translation Pinnacle hill language Scottish Gaelic language Gaelic beinn Norse stakkr pronunciation IPA en b n st k lang location Sutherland , Scotland range coordinates grid ref UK NC269423 topo Ordnance Survey OS Landranger 9 type first ascent easiest route Ben Stack is a mountain located in northern Scotland , in the county of Sutherland . It is 721 metres 2365 feet high. It is located southeast of Laxford Bridge and northwest of Loch More and the town of Lairg , along the A838 road , and just west of Loch Stack across the A838. It is regarded as a moderately easy walk for walkers and hiker s, both due to its overall height and its accessibility, near the A838 road. On 6 August 2005 former United Kingdom U.K. Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs Foreign Secretary Robin Cook died after collapsing with a Myocardial infarction heart attack whilst walking down from the summit of Ben Stack. Ben Stack is most commonly climbed from the southeast, following the long eastern ridge of Leathad na Stioma. A slightly steeper alternative comes from the northwestern side, starting from near Lochstack Lodge. The starting points are both located on the A838, thus a traverse is possible. Picture gallery Click on image to view full size gallery Image Ben Stack August 2007 1.jpg Looking west from Ben Stack Image Ben Stack August 2007 2.jpg The Ben Stack summit ridge Image Ben Stack August 2007 3.jpg Walking on Ben Stack gallery External links http www.scottishsport.co.uk walking benstack.htm A walk up Ben Stack with photos. coord 58.33496 N 4.95833 W region GB source enwiki osgb36 NC269423 display title Note WGS84 lat long, converted ... of Scotland Category Grahams Highland geo stub da Ben Stack nl Ben Stack nn Ben Stack ... more details
orphan date December 2008 unreferenced date December 2008 coord 51.776640 3.088580 display title image 733672 ba112161 by Alan Bowring.jpg thumb right Stack Square cottages Stack Square is a small group of cottages in the coal mining town of Blaenavon in South Wales , originally used as miners cottages. Stack Square was featured in the BBC Wales television series Coal House and Coal House at War . The miners cottages in Stack Square have been restored to their original design and form part of the Blaenavon Ironworks site. Category Historic house museums in Wales Category Museums in Torfaen Torfaen geo stub ... more details
Orphan date December 2010 Stack Bay coor dm 67 3 S 58 4 E is a small bay between West Stack and the mouth of Hoseason Glacier in Enderby Land . Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition 1936 37 and called Skotvika because of the proximity to West Stack, named by personnel of RRS William Scoresby in 1936. The name for the bay has been approved in a translated form to agree with West Stack. usgs gazetteer Category Bays of Kemp Land KempLand geo stub ... more details
Image North Stack 3.jpg thumb right 220px North Stack centre , with a building from the defunct fog warning station right North Stack Welsh language Welsh Ynys Arw , meaning rugged island is a small island situated just off Holy Island, Anglesey Holy Island on the north west coast of Anglesey . ref http www.ccw.gov.uk idoc.ashx?docid d94c5545 bddf 4525 b273 2401700e6579&version 1 Holyhead Mountain, North Stack to Penrhyn Mawr , ccw.gov.uk. Retrieved 31 December 2010. ref North Stack can also refer to the headland opposite the island. This is the site of a redundant fog warning station, comprising a number of buildings, including the Trinity House Magazine, built in 1861, where shells for the warning cannon were stored. These buildings now house a bird watching observatory, ref name Holy http www.holyhead.com northstack index.html North Stack , holyhead.com. Retrieved 31 December 2010. ref giving a view of South Stack lighthouse across Gogarth Bay, ref name Holy and the studio of artist Philippa Jacobs. ref http news.bbc.co.uk local northwestwales hi people and places arts and culture newsid 8293000 8293034.stm Artist profile Philippa Jacobs , bbc.co.uk, Retrieved 31 December 2010. ref The Precambrian quartzite cliffs of this headland, including North Stack Walls and Wen Zawn, provide some of the most well known rock climbing rock climbs in Britain, such as A Dream of White Horses ... Stack North Stack Wall , ukclimbing.com. Retrieved 31 December 2010. ref ref http www.ukclimbing.com logbook crag.php?id 597 Gogarth North Stack Wen Zawn , ukclimbing.com. Retrieved 31 December 2010. ref center gallery Image Gogarth Bay, Holyhead geograph.org.uk 86044.jpg North Stack is the small island at the end of Gogarth Bay Image Trinity House Magazine, North Stack, Holyhead. geograph.org.uk 97365.jpg Trinity House Magazine, North Stack gallery center References reflist External links http gogarth.wetpaint.com page North Stack Wall Rock climbing at North Stack Islands of Anglesey coord ... more details
essay like date August 2011 lead rewrite date August 2011 A stack machine may be A real or emulated computer that evaluates each sub expression of a program statement via a pushdown data stack data structure stack and uses a reverse Polish notation instruction set . Any computer that uses a call stack ... . Practical Expression Stack Machines A stack machine implements a stack with registers. The operands of the ALU are always the top two registers of the stack and the result from the ALU is stored in the top register of the stack. Stack machine commonly refers to computers which use a Last in, First out stack data structure stack to hold short lived temporary values while executing individual ... operations that work only on the expression stack, not on data registers or main memory cells ... of the stack, and those two values get replaced by the result of the Add. The instruction s operands are popped off the stack, and its result s are then pushed back onto the stack, ready for the next instruction. Most stack instructions are encoded as just an opcode, with no additional fields to specify ... to calculate that address from stacked operands. The stack machine style is in contrast to register ... which have no visible temp registers. Some machines have a stack of very limited size, implemented as a register file and a dynamic register renumbering scheme. Some machines have a stack of unlimited size, implemented as an array in RAM accessed by a top of stack address register. Its topmost ... HP 3000 ref A few machines have both an expression stack in memory and a separate visible register stack. Stack machines may have their expression stack and their call stack call return stack as separate ... in their keyboard interface, instead of having parenthesis keys. This is a form of stack machine ... visible stack. Advantages of Stack Machine Instruction Sets Very Compact Object Code Stack machines ... and so stack code requires roughly twice as many instructions as the equivalent code for register machine ... more details
Other uses In software, a stack overflow occurs when too much computer memory memory is used on the call stack . The call stack contains a limited amount of memory, often determined at the start of the program. The size of the call stack depends on many factors, including the programming language, machine ... more space than is available on the call stack that is, when it attempts to access memory beyond the call stack s bounds, which is essentially a buffer overflow , the stack is said to overflow , typically ... errors. ref name devx cite web last Danny first Kalev title Understanding Stack Overflow url ... common cause of stack overflows is excessively deep or infinite recursion. Languages like Scheme ... of a specific sort tail recursion to occur without stack overflow. This works because tail recursion calls do not take up additional stack space. ref name tailRecur cite web title An Introduction to Scheme ... on the stack each time, until the stack overflows resulting in a segmentation fault . ref http stackoverflow.com questions 2685413 what is the difference between a segmentation fault and a stack overflow 2685434 2685434 What is the difference between a segmentation fault and a stack overflow? at StackOverflow ref Very large stack variables The other major cause of a stack overflow results from an attempt to allocate more memory on the stack than will fit. This is usually the result of creating ... memory management 2.html date 2005 11 23 ref An example of a very large stack variable in C programming ... of data assuming each double is 8 bytes if this is more memory than is available on the stack, a stack overflow will occur. Elucidate date August 2011 Stack overflows are made worse by anything that reduces the effective stack size of a given program. For example, the same program being run without .... This is because most programs with threads have less stack space per thread than a program with no threading ... discouraged from using recursive algorithms or large stack buffers. ref name apple1 cite web publisher ... more details
In computer science , a call stack is a Stack data structure stack data structure that stores information about the active subroutine s of a computer program . This kind of stack is also known as an execution stack , control stack , run time stack , or machine stack , and is often shortened to just the stack . Although maintenance of the call stack is important for the proper functioning of most software ... stack is used for several related purposes, but the main reason for having one is to keep track of the point ... as a special case , hence the stack structure. If, for example, a subroutine code DrawSquare code ... the call Instruction computer science instruction , the return address , is pushed onto the call stack with each call. Description Since the call stack is organized as a Stack data structure stack , the caller pushes the return address onto the stack, and the called subroutine, when it finishes, Pop computer programming pops the return address off the call stack and transfers control to that address ... onto the call stack, and so on, with the information stacking up and unstacking as the program dictates. If the pushing consumes all of the space allocated for the call stack, an error called a stack ... to the call stack is sometimes called winding conversely, removing entries is unwinding . There is usually exactly one call stack associated with a running program or more accurately, with each Task ... . Since there is only one in this important context, it can be referred to as the stack implicitly, of the task . In high level programming language s, the specifics of the call stack are usually ... on the stack itself. Most assembly language s, on the other hand, require programmers to be involved with manipulating the stack. The actual details of the stack in a programming language depend upon the compiler , operating system , and the available instruction set . Functions of the call stack As noted above, the primary purpose of a call stack is Storing the return address When a subroutine ... more details
Ann Prunella Stack , Order of the British Empire OBE 28 July 1914 30 December 2010 was a British women s rights activists. She was head of the Women s League of Health and Beauty which her mother Mary had founded in 1931. In 1953 she led a multiracial team to the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II coronation in London. ref name guardian http www.guardian.co.uk lifeandstyle 2011 jan 02 prunella stack obituary Prunella Stack obituary ref Personal life Stack was born in India, daughter of a Gurkha Rifles officer, Captain Edward Hugh Bagot Stack, and his Irish wife, Mary ref name guardian . In 1937 she married Lord David Douglas Hamilton with whom she had two sons, Diarmaid Douglas Hamilton and Iain Douglas Hamilton . References Reflist Category 1914 births Category 2010 deaths Category British women s rights activists ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 A stack trace also called stack backtrace or stack traceback is a report of the active stack frame s at a certain point in time during the execution of a computer program program . It is commonly used during interactive and post mortem debugging . It can also be displayed to the user of a program as part of an error message , which a user can report to a programmer. A stack trace allows to track the sequence of nested function s called up to the point where the stack trace is generated. In a post mortem scenario this is up to function where the failure occurred but not necessarily is caused there . Sibling function calls are not visible in a stack trace. As an example, the following Python programming language Python program contains an error. source lang python def a b def b c def c error a source Running the program under the standard Python interpreter produces the following error message. Traceback most recent call last File tb.py , line 10, in module a File tb.py , line 2, in a b File tb.py , line 5, in b c File tb.py , line 8, in c error NameError global name error is not defined The stack trace shows where the error occurs, namely in the code c code function. It also shows that the code c code function was called by code b code , which was called by code a code , which was in turn called by the code on line 10 the last line of the program. Language support Most programming languages, including Java programming language Java and C Sharp programming language C have in built support for retrieving the current stack trace via system calls. C has no in built support for doing this, but the stack trace can be retrieved with, e.g., the http stacktrace.sourceforge.net stacktrace library computing library . See also Context computing DEFAULTSORT Stack Trace Category Debugging Comp sci stub de Stacktrace ... more details
Stack search also known as Stack decoding algorithm is a search algorithm similar to beam search . It can be used to explore tree structured search spaces and is often employed in Natural language processing applications, such as parsing of natural languages, or for decoding of error correcting code s where the technique goes under the name of sequential decoding . Stack search keeps a list of the best n candidates seen so far. These candidates are incomplete solutions to the search problems, e.g. partial parse trees. It then iteratively expands the best partial solution, putting all resulting partial solutions onto the stack and then trimming the resulting list of partial solutions to the top n candidates, until a real solution i.e. complete parse tree has been found. Stack search is not guaranteed to find the optimal solution to the search problem. The quality of the result depends on the quality of the search heuristic. References Example applications of the stack search algorithm can be found in the literature Frederick Jelinek. Fast sequential decoding algorithm using a stack. IBM Journal of Research and Development, pp. 675 685, 1969. Ye Yi Wang and Alex Weibel. Decoding algorithm in statistical machine translation. Proceedings of the 8th conference on European chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 366 372. Madrid, Spain, 1997. computer stub Category Search algorithms ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2008 File Apple Stack Cake.jpg thumb right Apple stack cake A stack cake is a unique regional variation that replaces a wedding cake , which can be prohibitively expensive in the economically deprived area of Appalachia , United States . Friends and family each bring a layer for the cake, and the bride s family spreads apple preserves, dried apples, or apple butter between each layer. A stack cake looks like a stack of thick pancake s. It is thought to have originated in the Beaumont Inn of Harrodsburg, Kentucky , by the original settler James Harrod . The higher the amount of layers, the more popular the couple is considered. Many types of cake layer recipes exist from sponge like layers of cake to cookie dough like ones sometimes a stack cake includes many variations and flavors. Stack cake parties that do not involve a wedding occur irregularly but typically serve as a way for people to exchange recipes and gossip. Its use is not limited to Kentucky cuisine but all of Appalachia. In order to accommodate the typical seven or eight layers, each layer was sometimes pressed very flat. A few of more common flavorings used were ginger , apple and sorghum molasses . Contemporary cuisine The practice of stack cake in the region has all but disappeared but renditions of the concept are being revived in some haute cuisine restaurants and magazines. It has also been mentioned by magazines such as Martha Stewart Living and Parade magazine Parade . Sources http southernfood.about.com cs kentuckyrecipes a kentucky.htm Kentucky Cuisine http www.marthastewart.com four layer appalachian stack cake Recipe from Marthastewart.com http community.berea.edu appalachianheritage issues fall2004 memoir.html History from Appalachian Heritage http www.nytimes.com 2009 12 16 dining 16Bake.html NYTimes Article on Layer Cakes External links http community.berea.edu appalachianheritage issues fall2004 memoir.html Further information on dried apple stack cakes Cakes Category ... more details
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