italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Propionibacteriumacnes image Propionibacterium acnes.jpg regnum ... Propionibacterium species P. acnes binomial Propionibacteriumacnes binomial authority Gilchrist 1900 br Douglas & Gunter 1946 Propionibacteriumacnes is a relatively slow growing, typically aerotolerant ... undergone craniotomy . It is a common contaminant in blood and CSF cultures. Propionibacteriumacnes ... J, Kataoka M, Nakata Y title Propionibacteriumacnes DNA detected in bronchoalveolar lavage ... Activity of Clove Essential Oil Against Propionibacteriumacnes and its Mechanism of Action Arch Dermatol 2009 Jan 145 1 86 88 ref PCMX , and chlorhexidine gluconate . Tetracycline resistant P. acnes is now quite common. Clindamycin is also frequently used. New facts show that P. acnes is sensitive ... Propionibacteriumacnes MeshName Propionibacteriumacnes Gram positive actinobacteria diseases DEFAULTSORT PropionibacteriumAcnes Category Actinomycetales Category Microbiology Category Gram positive bacteria cs Propionibacteriumacnes es Propionibacteriumacnes fr Propionibacteriumacnes it Propionibacteriumacnes pl Propionibacteriumacnes pt Propionibacteriumacnes tr Propionibacterium ... pores are only colonized by P. acnes while unhealthy ones universally include the non pore resident ..., just opportunistic & a side effect, or a more complex pathological duality between P. acnes and this particular Staph is not known. ref url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc articles PMC2566126 ref P. acnes ... septic arthritis have been reported. Furthermore, Propionibacterium have been found in ventriculostomy ... 83 issue 2 pages 115&ndash 30 year 2008 pmid 18326339 ref The sub species of P. acnes that cause these infections ... P. acnes can be killed by benzoyl peroxide , tetracycline group and other antibiotic s, and many ... s may also be effective against P. acnes such as nadifloxacin , ciprofloxacin , ofloxacin and levofloxacin . Citation needed date August 2007 They are active against P. acnes and some other ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Propionibacterium image Propionibacterium acnes.tif image caption Propionibacteriumacnes regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Actinobacteria classis Actinobacteria ordo Actinomycetales subordo Propionibacterineae familia Propionibacteriaceae genus Propionibacterium genus authority subdivision ranks Species subdivision div col Propionibacterium acidifaciens Propionibacterium acidipropionici PropionibacteriumacnesPropionibacterium australiense Propionibacterium avidum Propionibacterium cyclohexanicum Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. freudenreichii Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii Propionibacterium granulosum Propionibacterium jensenii Propionibacterium microaerophilum Propionibacterium propionicum Propionibacterium thoenii and others ref NCBI 1743 ref div col end Propionibacterium is a genus of bacteria named for their unique metabolism They are able to synthesize propionic acid by using unusual transcarboxylase enzyme s. ref Cheung, Y.F., Fung, C., and Walsh, C. Stereochemistry of propionyl coenzyme A and pyruvate carboxylations catalyzed by transcarboxylase. 1975. Biochemistry 14 13 , pg 2981. ref Its members are primarily Parasite facultative parasites and Commensalism commensals of human s and other animals, living in and around the sweat gland s, sebaceous gland s, and other areas of the skin . They are virtually ubiquitous and do not cause problems for most people, but propionobacteria have been implicated in acne and other skin conditions. ref Bojar, R., and Holland, K. Acne and propionibacteriumacnes. 2004. Clinics in Dermatology 22 5 , pg. 375 379. ref The strain Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii is used in cheesemaking to create CO sub 2 sub bubbles that become Eyes cheese eyes , round holes in the cheese. ref http biology.clc.uc.edu fankhauser Cheese ... Category Actinomycetales Bacteria stub cs Propionibacterium de Propionibakterien te ... more details
Italic title Taxobox name Propionibacterium propionicus regnum Bacteria phylum Actinobacteria ordo Actinomycetales familia Propionibacteriaceae genus Propionibacterium species P. propionicus binomial Propionibacterium propionicus binomial authority Propionibacterium propionicus previously known as Arachnia propionica is a Gram positive, aerotolerant anaerobic species of Propionibacterium , ref name pmid12931096 cite journal author Jos F. Siqueira & Isabela N. R as title Polymerase chain reaction detection of Propionibacterium propionicus and Actinomyces radicidentis in primary and persistent endodontic infections journal Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology & Endodontics volume 96 issue 2 pages 215 222 year 2003 month August pmid 12931096 doi 10.1016 S1079 2104 03 00158 6 url http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S1079210403001586 ref found as part of the normal human oral flora. ref cite book author G. H. W. Bowden year 1996 chapter Actinomyces , Propionibacterium propionicus , and Streptomyces title Medical Microbiology editor Samuel Baron edition 4th isbn 0 9631172 1 1 publisher University of Texas Medical Branch url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov bookshelf br.fcgi?book mmed&part A1863 ref References reflist DEFAULTSORT Propionibacterium Propionicus Category Bacteria bacteria stub ... more details
Taxobox color lightgrey name Propionibacterium freudenreichii regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Actinobacteria ordo Actinomycetales familia Propionibacteriaceae genus Propionibacterium species P. freudenreichii binomial binomial authority Propionibacterium freudenreichii is a Gram positive , motile nonmotile bacterium that plays an important role in the creation of Emmental cheese , and to some extent, leerdammer . Its concentration in Swiss cheese Swiss type cheeses is higher than in any other cheese. Propionibacteria are commonly found in milk and dairy products, though they have also been extracted from soil. P. freudenreichii has a circular chromosome about 2.5 Mb long. When Emmental cheese is being produced, P. freudenreichii ferments lactate to form acetate , propionate and carbon dioxide 3 C sub 3 sub H sub 6 sub O sub 3 sub 2 C sub 2 sub H sub 5 sub CO sub 2 sub C sub 2 sub H sub 3 sub O sub 2 sub CO sub 2 sub . ref A bacterium used in the production of Emmental. Genoscope. 16 Jan. 2008. http www.genoscope.cns.fr spip propionibacterium freudenreichii,467.html . ref The products of this fermentation food fermentation contribute to the nutty and sweet flavors of the cheese, and the carbon dioxide byproduct is responsible for forming the holes, or Eyes cheese eyes in the cheese. Cheesemakers control the size of the holes by changing the acidity, temperature, and curing time of the mixture. An estimated one billion living cells of P. freudenreichii are present in one gram of Emmental. In contrast to most lactic acid bacteria, this bacterium mainly breaks down lipids, forming free fatty acids. Recent research has focused on possible benefits incurred from consuming P. freudenreichii ... month title Increased induction of apoptosis by Propionibacterium freudenreichii TL133 in colonic ... . ref McCarthy, R. J. Amino acid requirements of dairy Propionibacterium strains. Ohio State ... reflist DEFAULTSORT Propionibacterium Freudenreichii Category Bacteria pt Propionibacter shermani ... more details
Refimprove date December 2009 Hyperkeratinization is a disease disorder of the cells lining the inside of a hair follicle . It is the normal function of these cells to detach or slough off wiktionary desquamate desquamate from the skin lining at normal intervals. The dead cells are then forced out of the follicle primarily by the growing hair . However, in hyperkeratinization, this process is interrupted and a number of these dead skin cells do not leave the follicle because of an excess of keratin , a natural protein found in the skin. This excess of keratin, which is influenced by genetics, results in an increased adherence bonding of dead skin cells together. This cohesion of cells will block or cap the hair follicle leading to keratosis pilaris or clog the sebaceous oil duct leading to Acne vulgaris acne . Pathogens may also play a role in causing, perpetuating, or simply taking advantage of this phenomenon, such as virulent sub strains of Propionibacterium acnes and irregular migration of Staphylococcus epidermidis from the outer surface of the skin into the follicle, where commensal strains of P. acnes exclusively habitate. ref url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc articles PMC2924382 ref ref url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc articles PMC2566126 ref See also hyperkeratosis References Reflist Category Dermatologic terminology Dermatology stub ... more details
automatic taxobox image Actinomyces israelii.jpg image caption Scanning electron micrograph of Actinomyces israelii . colour lightgrey subdivision ranks Orders subdivision taxon list Actinomycetales Missing authority information Bifidobacteriales Missing authority information Actinobacteridae is a subclass biology subclass of bacteria , in the class biology class of Actinobacteria class Actinobacteria . The group is diverse. ref name pmid16911042 cite journal author Ventura M, Canchaya C, Zhang Z, Bernini V, Fitzgerald GF, van Sinderen D title How high G C Gram positive bacteria and in particular bifidobacteria cope with heat stress protein players and regulators journal FEMS Microbiol. Rev. volume 30 issue 5 pages 734 59 year 2006 month September pmid 16911042 doi 10.1111 j.1574 6976.2006.00031.x url accessdate 2009 05 31 ref Examples of organisms in this taxon include Suborder Actinomycineae Family Actinomycetaceae Actinomyces Family Propionibacteriaceae Propionibacterium acnes Propionibacterium Family Frankiaceae Frankia Family Micrococcaceae Arthrobacter Micrococcus Family Micromonosporaceae Micromonospora Family Streptomycetaceae Streptomyces Suborder Corynebacterineae Family Mycobacteriaceae Mycobacterium Family Corynebacteriaceae Corynebacterium Family Nocardiaceae Nocardia References reflist External links http sn2000.taxonomy.nl Main Classification 111574.htm Category Actinobacteridae Category Actinobacteria bacteria stub Bacteria classification ca Actinobact rida es Actinobacteridae ko tl Actinobacteridae ... more details
unreferenced date April 2008 Drugbox verifiedrevid 447548741 Combo data type combo component1 Benzoyl peroxide component2 Clindamycin phosphate class2 Antibiotic Clinical data tradename MedlinePlus a603021 licence EU licence US Duac pregnancy category legal AU S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled legal UK GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C legal US legal status Rx dependency liability routes of administration Topical Identifiers CAS number Ref cascite correct ?? CAS number ATC prefix D10 ATC suffix AE51 ATC supplemental DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider Chemical data The pharmaceutical drug drug combination benzoyl peroxide clindamycin is a topical gel used for the treatment of Acne vulgaris acne . It is sold under the trade names Duac by Stiefel Labs and BenzaClin by Sanofi Aventis . Both contain 1 clindamycin phosphate and 5 benzoyl peroxide and are prescription drug s. Side effects Common side effects are peeling, itching, redness, dryness, burning, and dermatitis . Prolonged exposure to natural or artificial sun light UV rays is not recommended because the gel can cause photosensitivity. Also, benozoyl peroxide may cause bleaching of hair, clothing, etcetera, and topical clindamycin may rarely cause diarrhea or colitis . Mode of action Its activity is derived from the combined anti bacterial action of clindamycin and from the comedone comedolytic and anti bacterial actions of benzoyl peroxide. Both ingredients have been shown to reduce the number of acne lesions with statistical significance. Clindamycin phosphate is a water soluble ester of the semi synthetic antibiotic, clindamycin, which is synthesized from lincomycin . It prevents the Propionibacterium acnes bacteria from replicating by preventing it from making vital proteins. Benzoyl peroxide also kills P. acnes , but since it is an oxidizer, not an antibiotic, it is not subject to P. acnes resistance like clindamycin is. Also, be ... more details
Refimprove date April 2009 Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 L70.8 ILDS L70.812 ICD9 ICD9 706.1 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Acne fulminans also known as Acute febrile ulcerative acne ref name Fitz2 Freedberg, et. al. 2003 . Fitzpatrick s Dermatology in General Medicine . 6th ed. . McGraw Hill. ISBN 0 07 138076 0. ref rp 686 is a severe form of the skin disease, acne , which can occur after unsuccessful treatment for another form of acne, acne conglobata . The condition is thought to be an immunologically induced disease in which elevated level of testosterone causes a rise in sebum and Propionibacterium acnes bacteria. The condition is commonly, albeit inefficiently, treated with steroids. cite Symptoms Acne fulminans begins as pain and inflammation in the joints. It eventually progresses into a swelling of the lymph nodes located at the base of the neck, causing inflexibility in the neck within weeks after the nodes swell. This swelling will eventually decrease, but this decrease will be accompanied by an increased inflammation and swelling of the joints, as well as a complete loss of appetite, though these symptoms are often ignored. After some time, the disease will cause an extreme loss of weight and atrophy of the muscles, leading to the decline of physical abilities. Citation needed date February 2010 Treatment Treatment should be sought immediately in order to avoid hospitalization. If not treated, hospitalization for an extended period of time usually two weeks is likely. During hospitalization, the patient is tested for signs of system degradation, especially of the skeletal structure and the digestive tract. By this time open sores will develop on the upper torso. Some will be the size of dimes, others will be large enough to stick a couple fingers into. They will crust up, causing cohesion to any fabric the sores touch, which is extremely painful to remove. It is recommended to sleep on one s sides ... more details
Lipophilic bacteria fat liking bacteria are bacteria that may proliferate in lipids . Types They include lipophilic corynebacteria . ref name cmr http cmr.asm.org cgi reprint 10 1 125.pdf Clinical Microbiology of Coryneform Bacteria GUIDO FUNKE,1 ALEXANDER VON GRAEVENITZ,1 JILL E. CLARRIDGE III,2 AND KATHRYN A. BERNARD3 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zu rich, Zu rich, Switzerland1 Laboratory Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Departments of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas2 and Special Bacteriology Laboratory, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada3 ref . Propionibacterium acnes is a type of liphophilic bacteria ref http www.muzisyenlerkulubu.com acnetreatments.asp Natural Acne Treatments Guide How to get rid of pimples ref , releasing fatty acids and worsening comedone s. However, the group of lipophilic bacteria are not pathogenic, i.e. they don t cause food poisoning or food infection ref name jensen http www.springerlink.com content 2203u0385q2n1v5r fulltext.pdf The Action of Microorganisms on Fats By L. B. JENSEN and D. P. GRETTIE Swift & Company Laboratories, Chicago, Ill. Published 1933, so feel free to replace ref Health risks Most materials in laboratories and health care centers have small amounts of lipids on their surface, and thus may support the proliferation of lipophilic bacteria. ref http linkinghub.elsevier.com retrieve pii S0886335004006741 Postoperative endophthalmitis. Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery, Volume 30, Issue 11, Pages 2441 2444 C. Ferrer, J. Ruiz Moreno, A. Rodr guez, J. Montero, J. Ali ref However, since they are not pathogenic ref name jensen , this is not a serious threat. Lipophilic bacteria may also proliferate in diet fat. However, in modern food industry this is very rare ref name jensen and at worst causes a discoloration of the fat ref name jensen Commercial Use Many liopohilic bacteria are a good source of Biosurfact ... more details
Drugbox verifiedrevid 408565712 Combo data type combo component1 Sulfacetamide class1 Sulfonamide medicine Sulfonamide antibacterial component2 Sulfur class2 Keratolytic Clinical data tradename licence EU EMEA requires brand name licence US PLEXION pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C legal US legal status Rx dependency liability routes of administration Topical Identifiers CAS number ATC prefix ATC suffix ATC supplemental PubChem DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID Chemical data The pharmaceutical drug drug combination sulfacetamide sulfur is a topical acne medication manufactured by Medicis under the trade name Plexion and also available under other trade names such as Clenia , Prascion , and Avar . It combines sulfacetamide sodium sulfacetamide , a sulfonamide medicine sulfonamide antibiotic , and sulfur , a keratolytic agent. ref cite web url http www.plexion.com title PLEXION R sodium sulfacetamide 10 and sulfur 5 publisher Medicis Inc. language English accessdate 2008 12 02 ref It is available in four pharmaceutical formulation formulations as a wet wipe cleansing cloth , cleanser , topical Suspension chemistry suspension , and as a facial mask . The sulfacetamide inhibits the growth of the bacterium Propionibacterium acnes that is associated with acne, while sulfur facilitates the removal of dead skin cells to prevent clogged pores. ref cite web url http www.medicis.com products pi pi plexion.pdf title PLEXION Prescribing information publisher Medicis language English accessdate 2008 12 02 ref References reflist Acne agents Category Anti acne preparations Category Combination drugs dermatologic drug stub ... more details
responded to antibiotics . The rationale for their use is that Propionibacteriumacnes , a bacterium ... ref name pmid17631745 cite journal author Colina M, Lo Monaco A, Khodeir M, Trotta F title Propionibacteriumacnes and SAPHO syndrome a case report and literature review journal Clin. Exp. Rheumatol ... more details
Drugbox verifiedrevid 443928464 Combo data type combo component1 Erythromycin class1 Macrolide antibiotic component2 Tretinoin class2 Retinoid Clinical data tradename pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled legal CA OTC, Rx only, Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL, P, POM, CD, CD Lic, CD POM, CD No Reg POM, CD Benz POM, CD Anab POM or CD Inv POM legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration Topical Identifiers CAS number ATCvet ATC prefix none if uncategorised ATC suffix PubChem DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank Chemical data The pharmaceutical drug drug combination erythromycin tretinoin trade name Isotrexin is a topical gel with active ingredients erythromycin 2 w w and tretinoin 0.05 w w for the treatment of Acne vulgaris acne . Tretinoin is a type of vitamin A. It reduces the production of sebum . Sebum is a sticky oil like substance which is produced from the sebaceous gland . Erythromycin is an antibiotic. Acne is caused by blockage of the pores. This leads to an accumulation of the skins natural oils and bacteria Propionibacterium acnes in the skin which feed on the oils and keratin which further inflame the gland causing acne. The active ingredients reduces the changes the bacteria causes to try stop the acne. Precautions Avoid direct sunlight & tanning machines i.e. sunbeds as it can induce sensitivity. Do not use near eyes or mouth. Wash hands after use. Do not use during pregnancy. Do not use during breast feeding. Do not use if you are sensitive to either of the listed ingredients. If skin starts to burn when wearing wash off & do not use until have spoken to your GP. If the skin starts to dry out stop reduce your applications. External links http www.netdoctor.co.uk medicines 100001382.html Netdoctor Isotrexin gel http www.andacne.com http www.lifes solutions.com acne Acne agents Category An ... more details
General distribution Porphyromonas gingivalis Mouth Propionibacterium spp Large intestine Propionibacteriumacnes General distribution Providencia spp Feces Pseudomonas aeruginosa Large intestine ... more details
Taxobox virus group i ordo Caudovirales familia Siphoviridae subdivision ranks Genera subdivision c2 like viruses br L5 like viruses br Lambda like viruses br N15 like viruses br PhiC31 like viruses br PsiM1 like viruses br r1t like viruses br sk1 like viruses br Sfi11 like viruses br Sfi21 like viruses br SPbeta like viruses br T1 like viruses br T5 like viruses br Siphoviridae are a family biology family of double stranded DNA virus es infecting only bacterium bacteria . The characteristic features of this family is the presence of a head and noncontractile tail. There are at least 256 species in this family. Virology File Siphovirus.tiff thumb Electron micrographs of siphovirus from P. acnes . Phages were negatively stained and subjected to transmission electron microscopy. The phages have a head of approximately 55 nm in diameter, loaded with genetic material. Their tails have a size of 150 10 nm and are flexible and non contractile. In the lower micrograph, PAD25 is adhering to bacterial cell debris, and two phages have lost their heads. All phages were classified as Siphoviruses based on their morphology. ref name pmid18702830 cite journal author Lood R, M rgelin M, Holmberg A, Rasmussen M, Collin M title Inducible Siphoviruses in superficial and deep tissue isolates of Propionibacterium acnes journal BMC Microbiol. volume 8 issue pages 139 year 2008 pmid 18702830 pmc 2533672 doi 10.1186 1471 2180 8 139 url ref The virons are nonenveloped and have a long filamentous non contractile tail and an Cubic crystal system isometric capsid morphotype B1 or a prolate capsid morphotype B2 . The icosahedral capsid T 7 is 55 60 nanometer nm in diameter. It is composed of 72 capsomers that appear hexagonal in outline. The filamentous cross banded tail can reach to 570 nm. It has a width of and a width of 8 nm and is non contractile. It has short terminal and subterminal fibers. The genome is double stranded and linear. It is typically 50 kilobases in length and contain ... more details
For the silent movie comedy character called Pimple Fred Evans comedian Refimprove date May 2010 Infobox Disease Name Pimple Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 R 23 8 r 20 ICD9 ICD9 709.8 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Wiktionary A pimple , zit or spot is a kind of acne , and one of the many results of excess oil getting trapped in the pores. Some of the varieties are pustules or papules . ref DorlandsDict six 000082649 pimple ref Pimples can be treated by various acne medications prescribed by a dermatologist, or purchased at a drug store with a wide variety of treatments. Spoken Wikipedia Pimple.ogg 2010 04 26 Causes gallery Image Teenager with acne.jpg a whitehead Image AcneVulgarisUSMIL.jpg pimples can lead to significant swelling and may appear on the back and chest Image Blackheads.JPG Blackheads sebum darkened by contact and reaction with air gallery Inside the pore are sebaceous gland s which produce sebum . When the outer layers of skin shed as they do continuously , the dead skin cells left behind may become glued together by the sebum. This causes the blockage in the pore, especially when the skin becomes thicker at puberty . ref Anderson, Laurence. 2006. Looking Good, the Australian guide to skin care, cosmetic medicine and cosmetic surgery . AMPCo. Sydney. ISBN 0 85557 044 X. ref The sebaceous glands produce more sebum which builds up behind the blockage, and this sebum harbours various bacteria including the species Propionibacterium acnes , causing infection and inflammation. Treatment seealso Acne vulgaris Management Over the counter medications Common Over the counter drug over the counter medications for pimples are benzoyl peroxide and or salicylic acid and antibacterial agents such as Triclosan . Both medications can be found in many creams and gels used to treat acne acne vulgaris through topical application. Both medications help skin slough off more easily, which helps to remove bacteria faster. Before applying the ... more details
, the naturally occurring largely commensal bacterium Propionibacteriumacnes can cause inflammation ... whether acne causes stress and thus perpetuates itself to some extent. Infectious PropionibacteriumacnesPropionibacteriumacnes P. acnes is the anaerobic bacterium species that is widely concluded ... of Propionibacteriumacnes by near ultraviolet light journal Z Naturforsch C year 1984 pages 300 ... the first genome DNA sequencing sequencing of a Propionibacteriumacnes bacteriophage PA6 said ... MD, Howson KM, Bojar RA, et al. title Genome Sequence and Analysis of a Propionibacteriumacnes ... ref In vitro , resistance of P. acnes to commonly used antibiotics has been increasing, as well ... 4 different ways, including normalising shedding into the pore to prevent blockage, killing Propionibacteriumacnes , anti inflammatory effects, hormonal manipulation. Citation needed date August ... effects primarily an irritant dermatitis . It works against the P. acnes bacterium, and normally ... of P. acnes worldwide, they are becoming less effective. ref name Benz09 Commonly used antibiotics ... produced within P. acnes generates free radicals when irradiated by 420 nm and shorter wavelengths ... cite journal author Ashkenazi H, Malik Z, Harth Y, Nitzan Y title Eradication of Propionibacteriumacnes by its endogenic porphyrins after illumination with high intensity blue light journal FEMS ... weeks of therapy, in particular, when the P. acnes is pretreated with delta aminolevulinic acid ALA ... peroxide but without excessive drying, kills P. acnes , and has been shown to be an effective ... more details
of ruminant s and the Propionibacteriumacnes sweat glands of humans , and their activity ... amino acid s. Bacteria of the genus Propionibacterium produce propanoic acid as the end product ... are named after their ability to produce propanoic acid. The most notable one is the Propionibacteriumacnes , which lives mainly in the sebaceous gland s of the skin and is one of the principal causes ... more details
Drugbox verifiedrevid 444445698 IUPAC name RS 9 Fluoro 8 4 hydroxy piperidin 1 yl 5 methyl 1 oxo 6,7 dihydro 1 H ,5 H pyrido 3,2,1 ij quinoline 2 carboxylic acid image Nadifloxacin 2D skeletal.png width 200px imagename 1 1 mixture racemate drug name Nadifloxacin Clinical data tradename Drugs.com drugs.com international nadifloxacin pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration topical epicutaneous Pharmacokinetic data bioavailability protein bound metabolism elimination half life excretion Identifiers CAS number 124858 35 1 ATC prefix none ATC suffix ATC supplemental PubChem 4410 DrugBank Ref drugbankcite correct drugbank DrugBank UNII Ref fdacite correct FDA UNII 6CL9Y5YZEQ Chemical data chemical formula C 19 H 21 F 1 N 2 O 4 molecular weight 360.379 g mol Nadifloxacin International Nonproprietary Name INN , brand names Acuatim , Nadiflox , Nadoxin , Nadixa , activon is a topical fluoroquinolone antibiotic for the treatment of acne vulgaris . ref cite journal author Murata K, Tokura Y title Anti microbial therapies for acne vulgaris anti inflammatory actions of anti microbial drugs and their effectiveness language Japanese journal J. UOEH volume 29 issue 1 pages 63 71 year 2007 month March pmid 17380730 doi url accessdate 2008 05 27 ref It is also used to treat bacterial skin infections. Pharmacology Antibacterial spectrum In vitro studies of nadifloxacin showed potent and broad spectrum antibacterial activity against aerobic Gram positive , Gram negative and anaerobic bacteria , including Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis . Nadifloxacin showed potent antibacterial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA , which was sim ... more details
author Valanne S, McDowell A, Ramage G, et al. title CAMP factor homologues in Propionibacteriumacnes a new protein family differentially expressed by types I and II journal Microbiology Reading ... more details
Acid Against Propionibacteriumacnes Its Therapeutic Potential for Inflammatory Acne Vulgaris ... CM last7 Zhang first7 L title The Antimicrobial Activity of Liposomal Lauric Acids Against Propionibacteriumacnes journal Biomaterials volume 30 issue 30 pages 6035 40 year 2009 pmid 19665786 pmc ... more details
cloacae E. cloacae , Escherichia coli E. coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae K. pneumonia , Propionibacteriumacnes P. acnes , Serratia marcescens S. marcescens , Staphylococcus aureus S. aureus ... more details
gas is absorbed into the pores of the skin, where it kills off the acne causing bacteria Propionibacteriumacnes . In addition, the free radicals produced can break down dead skin cells. Clearing ... more details
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