The ProgramSegmentPrefix PSP is a data structure used in DOS systems to store the state of a computer programprogram . It has the following structure border 1 width 100 class wikitable Offset Size Contents 00 01 2 bytes code CP M exit always contain INT 20 02 03 word computing word 2 bytes Memory size in paragraphs 04 byte Reserved 05 09 5 bytes code Far call to CP M compatibility code within DOS 0A 0D dword 4 bytes Terminate address of previous program old INT 22 0E 11 dword Break address of previous program old INT 23 12 15 dword Critical error address of previous program old INT 24 16 17 word Caller s PSP segment usually command.com internal 18 2B 20 bytes Job File Table internal 2C 2D word Environment variable Environment segment 2E 31 dword SS SP on entry to last INT 21 call Internal 32 33 word Max open files Internal see below 34 37 dword Handle entries address Internal see below 38 4F 24 bytes Reserved 50 52 3 bytes code Far call to DOS always contain INT 21 RETF 53 5B 9 bytes Reserved 5C 6B 16 bytes Unopened Standard File control block FCB 1 6C 7F 20 bytes Unopened Standard FCB 2 overwritten if FCB 1 is opened 80 1 byte Number of bytes on command line 81 FF 127 bytes Command line terminated by a Carriage return 0Dh The PSP is most often used to get the command line arguments of a DOS program, for example the command foo.exe a f executes foo.exe with the arguments a and f . The segment address of the PSP is passed in the DS register when the program is executed. It can also be determined later by using interrupt 21 subfunction 62. This interrupt will return the PSP address in register BX. ref cite web url http www.htl steyr.ac.at morg pcinfo hardware interrupts inte8fjk.htm title INT 21,62 Get PSP address DOS 3.x ref Alternatively, in .COM programs, one can address ... Category DOS on IBM PC compatibles de ProgramSegmentPrefix es Prefijo del Segmento de Programa fr Pr fixe de Segment de Programme he ProgramSegmentPrefix ru ProgramSegmentPrefix ... more details
About the linguistic feature wiktionarypar prefix A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem linguistics stem of a word. Particularly in the study of Semitic languages , a prefix is called a preformative , because it alters the form of the words to which it is affixed. Examples of prefixes unhappy un is a negative or antonymic prefix. prefix , preview pre is a prefix, with the sense of before redo , review. re is a prefix meaning again . The word prefix is itself made up of the stem fix meaning attach , in this case , and the prefix pre meaning before , both of which are derived from Latin root linguistics root s. External links http www.prefixsuffix.com comprehensive reference for English prefixes and suffixes http www.prefixsuffix.com affixes.php more about English language prefixes and affixes in general ling stub Category Linguistic morphology Category Lexical units Category Prefixes Category English morphemes ar br Rakger bg ca Prefix cv ceb Unanggikit cs P edpona da Pr fiks de Pr fix et Prefiks es Prefijo eo Prefikso gd Ro leasachan gl Prefixo ko hy hr Prefiks io Prefixo id Prefiks os is Forskeyti it Prefisso ku P gir zimannas la Praefixum lt Prie d lis ml nl Prefix taalkunde nds nl Vuurplaksel ja no Prefiks oc Prefixe pl Przedrostek pt Prefixo gramatical ru simple Prefix ss Sicalo sk Predpona fi Prefiksi sv Prefix th tr nek uk vec Prefiso gramatica e vo Foy mot wa Betchete linwince yi zh ... more details
Wiktionarypar segmentSegment may mean The divisions found in the Fruit anatomy Endocarp internal section of a citrus fruit Market segment , the smaller subgroups comprising a market Computing Memory segment , the portion of computer memory which may be addressed by a single index register Image segment created in computer vision String segment , the substring of a pattern delimited by two don t cares or one don t care and beginning or end of the pattern Network segment , a part of a larger computer network A protocol data unit of the transport layer in computing, e.g. TCP segment Geometry Line segment , part of a line that is bounded by two end points Circular segment , the area which is cut off from the rest of the circle by a secant or a chord Spherical segment , is a portion of a sphere cut off by a pair of parallel planes Science Segmentation biology , a repeated part of the metazoan body Segment linguistics , a discrete unit of speech Segment rocketry , a controlled rocket motor burn of specified duration See also lookfrom intitle Seg disambiguation Segmentation disambiguation Part disambiguation Division disambiguation Section disambiguation Subdivision disambiguation disambig cs Segment de Segment eo Segmento fr Segment ko lt Segmentas reik m s nl Segment ja pl Segment ru sv Segment ... more details
In computer programming , a prefix header is a feature found in some C programming language C or C compilers used to simplify code and or to reduce compilation time. Overview In the C programming language C and C programming languages, a header file is a computer file file whose text is automatically included in another source file by the compiler , usually by the use of compiler directive s at the beginning of the source file. A prefix header differs from a normal header file in that it is automatically included at the beginning of every source file by the compiler, without the use of any compiler directives. Prefix headers are usually precompiled header pre compiled in order to reduce compilation times. Example On Mac OS X , the Xcode build system generates prefix headers automatically for new projects. A new Cocoa API Cocoa project, for instance, gets a prefix header that looks like this source lang objc ifdef OBJC import Cocoa Cocoa.h endif source As a result, it is unnecessary to explicitly include any of the above files in any Objective C code in the program, although doing so is harmless, in the case of Objective C because of the semantics of the code import code directive, but more generally with code include code because of the use of include guard s. Similar prefix headers are generated for other types of project. See also Header file Precompiled header External links http developer.apple.com mac library documentation DeveloperTools Conceptual XcodeBuildSystem 800 Reducing Build Times bs speed up build.html apple ref doc uid TP40002695 SW1 Xcode User Guide Using a Precompiled Prefix Header Category Source code Category C programming language Category C ... more details
A prefix is a part of a word attached to a beginning of a word which modifies the meaning of that stem. Prefix may also refer to Prefix computer science , a prefix of a string Numerical prefix , a prefix derived from the words for numbers in various languages, most commonly Greek and Latin SI prefix or metric prefix, a name or associated symbol that precedes a unit of measure or its symbol to form a decimal multiple or submultiple Binary prefix , a name or associated symbol that can precede a unit of measure in computing to indicate multiplication by a power of two Trunk prefix , the initial number to be dialled in a domestic telephone call Telephone prefix , the first set of digits in a telephone number not a country code or area code Network address prefix , the initial part of a network address, used in address delegation and routing ITU prefix , a call sign for radio and television stations. Prefix code , a type of code in coding theory Ship prefix , a combination of letters used in front of the name of a civilian or naval ship Prefix notation or Polish notation , a method of mathematical expression Prefix Magazine , an alternative media publication about music disambig de Pr fix Begriffskl rung fr Pr fixe nl Prefix pt Prefixo ru sq Prefiksi sl Predpona th ... more details
orphan date October 2009 Image pwhois query.png File 369px thumb This example Prefix WhoIs query shows various information about an IP address including its network origin and registrar details Prefix WhoIs is an open source project that develops and operates a free whois compatible framework for stockpiling and querying various routing and registry information. Prefix WhoIs uses global BGP routing data learned from many ISP backbone routers. Other information sources are also supported, such as imported data from every Regional Internet Registry AFRINIC , APNIC , ARIN , LACNIC and RIPE and geocoding information. The project has been mentioned in a number of popular network security and network engineering books ref Extreme Exploits Advanced Defenses Against Hardcore Hacks 2005 by McGraw Hill ISBN 0 07 225955 8 ref and articles ref http www.securityfocus.com excerpts 17 3 SecurityFocus article ref . Public Prefix WhoIs Service Many public servers around the world operate mirrors of Prefix WhoIs, making the information generally available worldwide. The service may be used with any client using the standard whois protocol. The DNS address whois.pwhois.org resolves to the Prefix WhoIs server nearest to the client based on anycast DNS. Client Software Several client software packages are available from both Prefix WhoIs itself and from commercial vendors. These include free, open source utilities such as WhoB and Layer Four Trace route. Server Software The http pwhois.org server.who ... including Prefix WhoIs native, Cymru, and RPSL . The pWhoIs updatedb agent parses routing information ... a relational database Software Development Libraries The Prefix WhoIs project distributes C and PHP libraries for direct access to Prefix WhoIs servers. A HTTP simpleQuery interface is also available. Sources references External links http pwhois.org The Prefix WhoIs Project Official Web ... information DEFAULTSORT Prefix Whois Category Network analyzers Category Open source network management ... more details
Globalize Australia date December 2010 A trunk prefix is the number to be dialed in a domestic telephone call , preceding any necessary area code s and subscriber numbers. When the number is called from overseas, the trunk prefix is omitted by the caller. In most countries, such as Australia , Germany and the United Kingdom , the trunk prefix is 0. In the USA and Canada it is 1. For example, assume a call is to be made to someone in the Australia n state of Queensland . A caller from outside Australia would dial the international access number international call prefix of the originating country 00 for many countries, 011 from NANP areas , then dial the country code in this case 61 , omit the trunk prefix, then dial the area code 7 , and then the local number 00 61 7 3333 3333. Calling interstate e.g. from Western Australia , a caller would not dial an international access number or country code, but dial the trunk prefix then the area code, followed by the telephone number 0 7 3333 3333 Calling from within Queensland, one simply dials the telephone number 3333 3333. When conducting business e.g., on business card s or stationery, etc. , that number should be written as 61 7 3333 3333 and should include only the digits that must be dialed from abroad. The sign is used in place of the international access code. It has mistakenly become common practice to write the number in the form 61 0 7 3333 3333, on the assumption that all countries use 0 as the trunk prefix. However, someone calling this number from the USA would probably dial all the digits, resulting in a failed call. ITU T Recommendation E.123 states that parentheses should not be used in the international notation. Further Local conventions for writing telephone numbers Other countries do not use or are discontinuing their use of the trunk prefix, mainly by adopting a telephone numbering plan Closed dialing plans ... Glossary World Telephone Numbering Guide. DEFAULTSORT Trunk Prefix Category Telephone numbers ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Expert subject Computer networking date November 2008 In IPv6 networking, prefix delegation is used to assign a network address prefix to a user site, configuring the user s router with the prefix to be used for each LAN. This is one of the methods for delegating IPv6 address prefixes to an IPv6 subscriber s network or site . It is described by RFC 3769. With the advent of IPv6 protocol, there is a need for a delegation mechanism which will automate the process of configuring networking equipment with appropriate prefixes at the customer s site. Though IPv6 enables simple and automatic host configuration it does not provide specification to automatically delegate a prefix to routers. DHCPv6 is used for the automatic configuration of IPv6 nodes. In the DHCPv6 protocol DHCPv6 servers send the network configuration parameters to IPv6 node networking node s. Category Computer networks compu network stub ... more details
A prefix code is a type of code system typically a variable length code distinguished by its possession of the prefix property which states that there is no valid code word in the system that is a prefix computer science prefix start of any other valid code word in the set. For example, a code with code words 9, 59, 55 has the prefix property a code consisting of 9, 5, 59, 55 does not, because 5 is a prefix of both 59 and 55 . With a prefix code, a receiver can identify each word without requiring a special marker between words. Prefix codes are also known as prefix free codes , prefix condition codes and instantaneous codes . Although Huffman coding is just one of many algorithms for deriving prefix codes, prefix codes are also widely referred to as Huffman codes , even ... applied as a synonym for prefix free codes ref US Federal Standard 1037C ref ref citation title ... synchronizing code s, a subclass of prefix codes. Using prefix codes, a message can be transmitted ... the prefix property, for example 0, 1, 10, 11 a receiver reading a 1 at the start of a code word would not know whether that was the complete code word 1 , or merely the prefix of the code ... 3G Wireless Standard are prefix codes. Prefix codes are not error correcting codes . In practice, a message might first be compressed with a prefix code, and then encoded again with channel coding ... lengths that are possible in a prefix code. Techniques Techniques for constructing a prefix code ... k 1 math . Huffman coding is a more sophisticated technique for constructing variable length prefix ..., and constructs a prefix code that minimizes the weighted average of the code word lengths. This is a form ... elsewhere in a code word, the code is prefix free. However, modern communication systems send everything ... to mark the end of every code word. Self synchronizing code s are prefix codes that allow frame synchronization . Prefix codes in use today Examples of prefix codes include country calling codes the country ... more details
In computer science , a prefix grammar is a type of string rewriting system, consisting of a set of string computer science string string rewriting rewriting rules, and similar to a formal grammar or a semi Thue system . What is specific about prefix grammars is not the shape of their rules, but the way in which they are applied only prefix computer science prefixes are rewritten. Formal definition A prefix grammar G is a n tuple 3 tuple , , S , P , where is a finite alphabet S is a finite set of base strings over P is a set of production rules of the form u v where u and v are strings over For strings x , y , we write x sub G sub y and say G can derive y from x in one step if there are strings u, v, w such that x vu, y wu , and v w is in P . Note that sub G sub is a binary relation on the strings of . The language of G , denoted L G , is the set of strings derivable from S in zero or more steps formally, the set of strings w such that for some s in S , s R w , where R is the transitive closure of sub G sub . Example The prefix grammar 0, 1 S 01, 10 P 0 010, 10 100 describes the language defined by the regular expression math 01 01 cup 100 math Properties The prefix grammars describe exactly all regular language s. ref http portal.acm.org citation.cfm?id 185820 M. Frazier and C. D. Page. Prefix grammars An alternative characterization of the regular languages. Information Processing Letters, 51 2 67 71, 1994. ref See also Regular grammar Simple grammar References reflist Category Formal languages hr Prefiksna gramatika ru zh ... more details
Original research date March 2010 The prefix sum also known as the scan , prefix reduction , or partial sum is an operation on lists in which each element in the result list is obtained from the sum of the elements in the operand list up to its index. There are two types of prefix sum, inclusive prefix sum and exclusive prefix sum in the inclusive prefix sum, all the operand elements are used whereas in the exclusive prefix sum, the first element in the result list is the identity element 0 for add operation and the last element of the operand list is not used. Formulae Inclusive prefix sum math r a 0, a 0 a 1, a 0 a 1 a 2, ..., a 0 a 1 a 2 ... a n math Exclusive prefix sum math r I, a 0, a 0 a 1, a 0 a 1 a 2, ..., a 0 a 1 a 2 ... a n 1 math Implementation and performance It s straightforward to see how all of the elements in an math n math element list can be summed in math log 2 n math steps Add all pairs of elements in parallel to produce math n 2 math sums, then add all pairs of those ... is that a prefix sum, which produces not only the sum of all math n math elements but also ... steps. The following algorithm shows how Algorithm Parallel Prefix Sum Input an array math x math ... end if end parallel for end for The code Parallel Prefix Sum code algorithm is illustrated in the following diagram. Image Generic 8 element prefix sum.svg thumb 512px center alt Illustration of the three steps needed to compute all eight prefix sums of an eight element array Illustration of a prefix ... list of prefix sums. The following is a concrete example of the execution of the code Parallel Prefix Sum code algorithm class wikitable border 1 style margin 1em auto 1em auto Prefix sum applied to an array ... 4, all sixteen elements contain their final value. Importance Prefix scans are used extensively in Data parallelism data parallel programming . Some of the diverse uses of prefix scan include sorting ... data parallel algorithms is to apply an exclusive prefix sum to an array of 0s and 1s. Doing so ... more details
Bit and byte prefixes In computing, a binary prefix is a specifier or mnemonic that is prepended to the Units ... of 2 , specifically 2 sup 30 sup , so this usage is referred to as a binary unit or binary prefix ... to these, the SI prefix es would only be used in the decimal sense, even when referring to data ... first P. title A generalized analysis of variance program utilizing binary logic. journal ACM 59 ... the first binary prefix was born. ref group defn. name d.binpref Another style was to truncate the last 3 digits and append K, essentially using K as a decimal prefix ref group defn. name d.decpref ... Windows that display hard drive sizes using the customary binary prefix GB as it is used for RAM would ..., the SI prefix G, with SI meaning, was commonly applied to disk storage, while M in its binary meaning, became common for computer memory. In the 1990s, the prefix G, in its binary meaning, became commonly used for computer memory capacity. The first terabyte SI prefix, gaps 1 000 000 000 000 ... ieeexplore.ieee.org xpl freeabs all.jsp?tp &arnumber 26589&isnumber 1030 quote kilo K . 1 A prefix indicating 1000. 2 In statements involving size of computer storage, a prefix indicating 2 sup 10 sup , or 1024. mega M . 1 A prefix indicating one million. 2 In statements involving size of computer storage, a prefix indicating 2 sup 20 sup , or 1048576. ref defined dual uses for kilo and mega. quote kilo K . it should be checked if they used k or K 1 A prefix indicating 1000. 2 In statements involving size of computer storage, a prefix indicating 2 sup 10 sup , or 1024. mega M . 1 A prefix indicating one million. 2 In statements involving size of computer storage, a prefix indicating 2 sup ... 20 for the yotta prefix. Image Binaryvdecimal.svg thumb right 200px Linear log graph of percentage ... size. align center border 1 cellspacing 0 cellpadding 3 class wikitable bgcolor ccccff Prefix Bin ... that had a hard disk drive, capacity was presented in decimal digits with no prefix ... more details
No footnotes date August 2009 Refimprove date March 2009 Context date March 2009 The set of prefix es of right sentential form s that can appear on the stack of a shift reduce parser are called viable prefixes. An equivalent definition of a viable prefix is that it is a prefix of right sentential form that does not continue past the right end of the rightmost handle of that sentential form. By this definition, it is always possible to add terminal symbol s to the end of a viable prefix to obtain a right sentential form. Therefore, there is apparently no error as long as the portion of the input seen to a given point can be reduced to a viable prefix. Bibliography Database Systems The Complete Book with H. Garcia Molina and J. Widom , Prentice Hall Prentice Hall , Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey Englewood Cliffs, NJ , 2002. Introduction to Automata Theory, Languages, and Computation , with J. E. Hopcroft and R. Motwani , Addison Wesley, Reading MA, 1969, 1979, 2000. Elements of ML Programming , Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1993, 1998. A First Course in Database Systems with J. Widom , Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1997, 2002. Foundations of Computer Science with A. V. Aho , Computer science Computer Science Press, New York, 1992.C edition, 1994. Principles of Database and Knowledge Base Systems two volumes , Computer Science Press, New York, 1988, 1989. Compilers Principles, Techniques, and Tools with A. V. Aho and R. Sethi , Pearson PLC Addison Wesley , Reading MA, 1977, 1986. Computational Aspects of VLSI , Computer Science Press, 1984 Data Structures and Algorithms with A. V. Aho and J. E. Hopcroft , Addison Wesley, Reading MA, 1983. Principles of Compiler Design with A. V. Aho, Harkirat Singh , Addison Wesley, Reading, MA, 1977. Fundamental Concepts of Programming Systems , Addison Wesley, Reading MA, 1976. The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms with A. V. Aho and J. E. Hopcroft , Addison Wesley, Reading MA, 1974. Category Computing terminology ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 A telephone prefix is the first set of digits of a telephone number in the North American Numbering Plan countries country code 1 , it is the first three digits out of a seven digit phone number. It shows which telephone exchange exchange the remaining numbers refer to. Some places restrict certain prefixes to only fax numbers or for mobile phone cell phone s while in other places the prefixes are random. Most but not all area codes reserve the prefix 555 telephone number 555 for special uses 555 1212 is telephone information in most area codes. For this reason, it is often used for phone numbers in television and movies. Failure to do so can cause a number of problems, as occurred with the release of the song 867 5309 Jenny causing hundreds of calls to the various people and organizations all over the U.S. that had that phone number. The film Bruce Almighty resulted in someone s real phone number being used, eventually leading to a lawsuit. See also Telephone numbering plan List of international call prefixes List of country calling codes DEFAULTSORT Telephone Prefix Category Telephone numbers de Telefonvorwahl eo Telefonprefikso hu K rzeth v sz m ... more details
Expert subject Technology date March 2010 In telecommunications , the term cyclic prefix refers to the prefixing of a symbol data symbol with a repetition of the end. Although the receiver is typically configured to discard the cyclic prefix samples, the cyclic prefix serves two purposes. As a guard interval , it eliminates the intersymbol interference from the previous symbol. As a repetition of the end of the symbol, it allows the linear convolution of a frequency selective multipath channel to be modelled as circular convolution, which in turn may be transformed to the frequency domain using a discrete Fourier transform . This approach allows for simple frequency domain processing, such as channel estimation and equalization. In order for the cyclic prefix to be effective i.e. to serve its aforementioned objectives , the length of the cyclic prefix must be at least equal to the length of the multipath channel. Although the concept of cyclic prefix has been traditionally associated with OFDM systems, the cyclic prefix is now also used in single carrier systems to improve the robustness to multipath. Principle Cyclic prefix is often used in conjunction with modulation in order to retain sinusoid sinusoids properties in multipath propagation multipath channels. It is well known that sinusoidal signals are eigenfunctions of linear , and time invariant systems. Therefore, if the channel is assumed to be linear and time invariant , then a sinusoid of infinite duration would be an eigenfunction . However, in practice, this cannot be achieved, as real signals are always time limited. So, to mimic the infinite behavior, prefixing the end of the symbol to the beginning makes the linear ... this property in the part of the symbol after the cyclic prefix. Use in OFDM Cyclic Prefixes are used ... mathbf x 0 x 0 , x 1 , ldots x N 1 T math . Prefixing it with a cyclic prefix of length math L ... Tutorial Nisar.pdf the significance of cyclic prefix in OFDM systems . Category Quantized radio modulation ... more details
The VEX prefix and VEX coding scheme is a proposed future extension to the x86 instruction set architecture for microprocessor s from Intel , Advanced Micro Devices AMD and others. Features The proposed VEX coding scheme extends the existing x86 instruction set architecture to allow the definition of new instructions and the extension or modification of previously existing Instruction computer science instruction codes . This serves the following purposes The opcode map is extended to make space for future instructions. It allows instruction codes to have up to five operands, where the original ... scheme uses a code prefix consisting of 2 or 3 byte s which is added to existing or new Instruction ... prefix replaces the most commonly used instruction prefix bytes and Escape sequence escape codes . In many cases, the number of prefix bytes and escape bytes that are replaced is the same as the number of bytes in the VEX prefix, so that the total length of the VEX encoded instruction is the same ... than the legacy code. The 3 bytes VEX prefix contains the following components The four bits R,X,B,W contained in the REX prefix used in the x86 64 instruction set extension. Two bits named pp ... VEX prefix contains a subset of these components and can be used in cases where not all components ... or two additional register operands. Instructions coded with the VEX prefix can have up to five operands ... instructions have up to four operands. The AVX instruction set allows the VEX prefix to be applied ... scheme has space for applying the VEX prefix to other instructions as well in future instruction sets. Legacy instructions with a VEX prefix added are equivalent to the same instructions without VEX prefix with the following differences The VEX encoded instruction can have one more operand, making it non destructive A 128 bit XMM instruction without VEX prefix leaves the upper half of the full ... reflist DEFAULTSORT Vex Prefix Category X86 instructions Category SIMD computing ... more details
The International System of Units SI specifies a set of unit Prefix linguistics prefix es known as SI prefixes or metric prefixes . An SI prefix is a name that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate ... prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to the unit symbol. The SI prefixes are standardized ..., is written by using the SI prefix nano nano as gaps 1 nanoampere or gaps 1 nA . List of SI ... 000 W gaps 3 000 000 W General use of prefix names and symbols Twenty SI prefixes are available to combine with units of measure. For example, the prefix kilo denotes a multiple of one thousand, so ... on. Each SI prefix name has an associated symbol which can be used in combination with the symbols ... unit which is the kilogram, not the gram already contains a prefix. So milligram mg is used instead ... confusion, prefix symbols and prefixes are not used with the time related unit symbols names min ... Prefix symbols may be used with the unit symbol C and prefixes may be used with the unit name degree ... When units occur in exponentiation , for example, in square and cubic forms, any size prefix is considered ... cubic metre s gaps 2 e 6 u m sup 3 sup . Pronunciation There are two accepted pronunciations for the prefix ... giga as a prefix for 10 sup 9 sup , drawing on a verse by the humorous poet Christian Morgenstern ... Spectrum pages 16 publisher IEEE date April 1995 ref When an SI prefix is affixed to a root word, the prefix carries the stress linguistics stress , while the root drops its stress but retains a full ... also Non SI unit prefixes The prefix myria ten thousand ref cite web url http lamar.colostate.edu ..., but is silent concerning bits. ref In non standard use, K is often used as a symbol prefix to the units bit and byte to designate the binary prefix kibi kibi 2 sup 10 sup 1024. Binary prefixes Main Binary prefix The prefixes kilo , mega , giga and greater are often used in combination with the storage size units bit and byte. The binary multiple 2 sup 10 sup 1024 is close to the value 1000 of the prefix ... more details
Number prefixes are prefix es derived from number s or numeral s. In English and other European languages, they are used to coin numerous series of words, such as unicycle bicycle tricycle, dyad triad tetrad, biped quadruped, September October November, decimal hexadecimal, sexagenarian octogenarian, centipede millipede , etc. There are two principal systems, taken from Latin and Greek language Greek , each with several subsystems in addition, Sanskrit occupies a marginal position. There is also an international set of SI prefix es, which are used in the metric system , and which for the most part are either distorted from the forms below or not based on actual number words. Table of number prefixes in English In the following prefixes, a final vowel is normally dropped before a root that begins with a vowel, with the exceptions of bi , which is bis before a vowel, and of the other monosyllables, du , di , dvi , tri , which are invariable. The cardinal series are derived from cardinal numbers , such as English one, two, three. The multiple series are based on adverbial numbers like English once, twice, thrice. The distributives originally meant one each, two each or one by one, two by two, etc., though that meaning is now frequently lost. The ordinal series is based on ordinal number s such as English first, second, third . For numbers higher than 2, the ordinal forms are also used ... simplex, simple, and single, singular. ref singul prim hen ref name mono The Greek prefix for one ... in the SI system. See SI prefix . They occur as prefixes to units of computer data. See binary ... prefix es and binary prefixes are not hyphenated, by definition. Nonetheless, for clarity, dictionaries .... The root language of a numerical prefix need not be related to the root language of the word that it prefixes ... from Greek, except for the prefix for 9 as mentioned and the prefixes from 1 to 4 meth , eth , prop ... chemistry, the prefix for 9 is Latin rather than Greek ref decane , ... eicosane monopod , bipod ... more details
, H5, J9, O n , S4, T9 , U n , V9, X n , YZ , Z4&ndash Z9, 4N . Indicates a prefix that has recently ... no official prefix e.g. S0 in Western Sahara or station 1A0 at Sovereign Military Order of Malta ... 9W Malaysia 9X Rwanda 9Y&ndash 9Z Trinidad and Tobago See also ITU prefix amateur and experimental ... Prefix Category Call signs Category Amateur radio ast Llista de prefixos radiof nicos ca Prefix radiof nic es Anexo Prefijos radiof nicos gl Prefixo radiof nico id Awalan ITU ms Awalan ITU nl Prefix ... more details
Refimprove date January 2009 A ship prefix is a combination of letters, usually abbreviations, used in front of the name of a civilian or naval ship . Prefixes for civilian vessels may either identify the type of propulsion, such as SS for steamship , or purpose, such as RV for research vessel . Civilian prefixes are often used inconsistently, and frequently not at all. Sometimes a slash is used to separate the letters, as in M S . Naval prefixes came into use as abbreviations for longer titles, such as His Her Majesty s Ship in the Royal Navy , abbreviated H.M.S. and then HMS . Earlier uses often included the type of vessel, as for instance U.S.F. United States Frigate for frigate s of the United States Navy . Today the common practice is to use a single prefix for all warship s of a nation ... writers follow the practice of the navy and omit any prefix. From the 20th century onwards, most navies ... wikitable style font size 95 align left width 120 Prefix align left Meaning AHT Anchor ... wikitable style font size 95 Country Service Prefix Meaning ARG Argentine Navy ARA Navy of the Argentine ... Belgian Navy BNS Belgium Naval Ship NATO prefix BRU Royal Brunei Navy KDB Kapal Di Raja Brunei &mdash ... Schiff English His Majesty s Ship flag Nazi Germany Kriegsmarine &mdash no prefix some authors ... HMJS His Her Majesty s Jamaican Ship flag Empire of Japan Imperial Japanese Navy &mdash no prefix ... under RMAS prefix that are now operated under contract by Serco Denholm rowspan 11 Royal Navy HM ... Navy , HNLMS is the prefix in English, a translation of the Dutch original Hr.Ms. or Zr.Ms. ..., the ship s name is used without the prefix. Citation needed date August 2010 In Australia, the prefix ... typically has the prefix ex added to its name, to distinguish it from any active ships bearing ... the prefix Empire ship Empire to their name. This applied to ships acquired through purchase ... Prefix category Ship prefixes da Skibstypeforkortelse de Pr fixe von Schiffsnamen es Acr nimos navales ... more details
A data segment is one of the sections of a program in an object file or in memory, which contains the global variable s and static variable s that are initialized by the programmer . It has a fixed size, since all of the data in this section is set by the programmer before the program is loaded. However, it is not read only , since the values of the variables can be altered at Run time computing runtime . This is in contrast to the Rodata constant, read only data section, as well as the code segment also known as text segment . In the IBM PC compatible PC architecture there are four basic read write memory regions in a program Stack, Data, BSS, and Heap. Sometimes the data, BSS, and heap areas are collectively referred to as the data segment . Program memory The computer program memory is organized into the following Data Segment Data BSS Heap Stack Code segment Data The data area contains global and static variables used by the program that are initialized. This segment can be further classified into initialized read only area and initialized read write area. For instance the string defined by code char s hello world code in C and a C statement like code int debug 1 code outside the main would be stored in initialized read write area. And a C statement like code char string hello ... int i 10 code will be stored in data segment and code global int i 10 code will be stored in data segment BSS The .bss BSS segment also colloquially known as uninitialized data starts at the end of the data segment and contains all global variables and static variables that are initialized to zero ... int i code would be contained in the BSS segment. Heap The Heap data structure heap area begins at the end of the .bss BSS segment and grows to larger addresses from there. The Heap area is managed by malloc ... c startup.html refend See also Segmentation memory Linker computing Code segment .bss Uninitialized ... sequentially lists memory regions in a process DEFAULTSORT Data Segment Category Programming ... more details
Unreferenced date May 2009 In computing , a code segment , also known as a text segment or simply as text , is one of the sections of a program in an object file or in computer memory memory , which contains executable Instruction computer science instruction s. It has a fixed size and is usually read only . If the text section is not read only, then the particular Computer architecture architecture allows self modifying code . Fixed position or position independent code may be shared in memory by several processes in segmented or paged memory systems. As a memory region, a code segment may be placed below the heap or stack in order to prevent Heap overflow heap s and stack overflow s from overwriting it. See also data segment .bss Segmentation memory External links http blog.ooz.ie 2008 09 0x03 notes on assembly memory from.html mem sequence.c A program that sequentially lists memory regions in itself Category Programming constructs Category Computer programming Category Memory management compu prog stub pl Segment kodu zh ... more details
In memory addressing for Intel x86 computer architectures, segment descriptors are a part of the segmentation unit, used for translating a logical address to linear address. Segment descriptors describe the memory segment referred in the logical address ref Bovet, D.P., & Cesati, M. 2000 . Understanding the Linux Kernel First Edition . O Reilly & Associates, Inc. ref A logical address in Intel x86 consists of a segment selector and an Offset computer science offset . The most significant 16 bits of the segment selector defines the address of the segment descriptor, which is stored either in the Global Descriptor Table GDT or Local Descriptor Table LDT . The description details mainly include the memory segment s first byte in linear address Base , size Limit and Type Bovet & Cesati, 2000, p. 36 41 . See also memory segment , segmentation and memory address for more details on related topics. References reflist Further reading cite web title The Segment Descriptor Cache author Robert R. Collins work Dr Dobb s Journal date August 1998 url http www.rcollins.org ddj Aug98 Aug98.html Useful Links http pdos.csail.mit.edu 6.828 2005 readings i386 s05 01.htm Intel 80386 Reference Programmer s Manual Segment Translation Category X86 architecture Category Operating system kernels Category Memory management compu hardware stub pl Deskryptor segmentu ru ... more details
Multiple issues orphan October 2009 unreferenced October 2009 Segment architecture defines a simple roadmap for a core mission area, business service, or enterprise service. Segment architecture is driven by Management business management and delivers products that improve the delivery of services to citizens and agency staff. From an investment perspective, segment architecture drives decisions for a business case or group of business cases supporting a core mission area or common or shared service. The primary stakeholders for segment architecture are business owners and managers. Segment architecture is related to EA through three principles structure segment architecture inherits the framework used by the EA, although it may be extended and specialized to meet the specific needs of a core mission area or common or shared service. reuse segment architecture reuses important assets defined at the enterprise level including data common business process es and investments and applications and technologies. alignment segment architecture aligns with elements defined at the enterprise level, such as business strategies, mandates, standards, and performance measures. 3 Note this information was copied from a previous posting under enterprise architecture it is not original content Category Strategic management ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2010 In marketing and advertising , premium refers to a segment of a company s brand s or products that carries tangible or imaginary surplus value in the upper mid to high price range. The targeted high income customer group is also frequently referred to as premium . Premium brands are designed to convey an impression of exclusiveness , especially in the mass market s. Frequently, companies will invent different sub brands to differentiate their product line s into a premium and a general segment e.g. Toyota with their Lexus, Prius,and Scion marque s . In most ways, the premium segment can be thought of as the contrary to generic brand s. In that sense, the term premium replaces the traditional attribute luxury . DEFAULTSORT Premium Segment Category Branding terminology de Premium ... more details
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