pp semi indef pp move indef two other uses pregnancy in female humans pregnancy in non human animals Gestation pregnancy in males Male pregnancy Cleanup date December 2010 Infobox disease Name Pregnancy Image Pregnancy 26 weeks.jpg Alt Caption A pregnant woman in the third trimester. DiseasesDB 10545 ... 259724 MeshID D011247 Pregnancy is the carrying of one or more offspring, known as a fetus or embryo , inside the uterus womb of a female . In a pregnancy, there can be multiple gestation s, as in the case of twin s or Multiple birth triplets . Human pregnancy is the most studied of all Pregnancy ... weeks and 42 weeks. Terminology One scientific term for the state of pregnancy is gravid , and a pregnant ... Webster s Medical Dictionary . ref Hence, during a second pregnancy a woman would be described as gravida 2, para 1 and upon live delivery as gravida 2, para 2 . An in progress pregnancy, as well as abortions ..., whereas a multiple birth will increase the parity value. Women who have never carried a pregnancy ... medical or legal definitions, human pregnancy is somewhat arbitrarily divided into three trimester ... of human embryogenesis . Although pregnancy begins with implantation , the process leading to pregnancy ... occurs following the act of sexual intercourse , resulting in spontaneous pregnancy . However, the advent of artificial insemination and in vitro fertilisation have also made achieving pregnancy possible ... a series of changes which makes pregnancy likely to occur. As freshly ejaculated sperm is unable ...?file pregnan 5708 title Patient information Postterm pregnancy accessdate 2008 01 16 last Norwitz, MD ... pregnancy duration is typically 38 weeks after conception. Though pregnancy begins at implantation ... cycle, and menstrual regularity. Pregnancy is considered at term when gestation attains 37 ... Institute. ref When a pregnancy exceeds 42 weeks 294 days , the risk of complications for both the woman ..., in an uncomplicated pregnancy, at some stage between 41 and 42 weeks. ref cite web url http www.rcog.org.uk ... more details
Expert subject Medicine date November 2008 Cleanup date April 2010 A heterotopic pregnancy is a rare ref Richards SR, Stempel LE, Carlton BD Heterotopic pregnancy Reappraisal of incidence. Am J Obst Gynecol 142 928 1982 . ref ref Bello GV, Schonolz D, Moshirpur J, et al. Combined pregnancy The Mount Sinai experience. Obstet Gynecol Surv 41 603 1986 . ref complication of pregnancy in which both extra uterine ectopic pregnancy and intrauterine gestation occur simultaneously. ref http www.thefetus.net page.php?id 3 ref Synonyms Combined ectopic pregnancy, simultaneous intra and extrauterine pregnancy, coexistent intra and extrauterine pregnancy, multiple sited pregnancy, coincident pregnancy, concomitant intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy. Definition Simultaneous development of a gestation within the uterine cavity and a gestation outside the uterine cavity. Prevalence 0.6 2.5 10,000 pregnancies2 3. There is a significant increase in the incidence of heterotopic pregnancy in women undergoing ovulation induction. An even greater incidence of heterotopic pregnancy is reported in pregnancies following assisted reproduction techniques such as In Vitro Fertilization IVF and Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer GIFT . Etiology The normal implantation of a fertilized ovum within the uterine ... population the major risk factors for heterotopic pregnancy are the same as those for ectopic pregnancy. For women in an assisted reproductive program there are additional factors a higher ... factors in embryo transfer which may increase the risk for ectopic and heterotopic pregnancy. Differential diagnosis Normal intrauterine pregnancy, a normal intrauterine pregnancy and a ruptured ... pregnancy is approximately 35 . Management Surgical removal of the ectopic gestation by salpingectomy ... salpingocentesis has also been reported. References Reflist MESH Ectopic pregnancy ICD9 633.8 CDC 633.500 Category Health issues in pregnancy ... more details
Denial of pregnancy also called pregnancy denial is a rare form of denial exhibited by women to either the fact or the implications of their own pregnancy . One study found that women who denied their pregnancy represented only 0.26 of all deliveries. ref Friedman SH, Heneghan A, Rosenthal M Characteristics of Women Who Deny or Conceal Pregnancy Psychosomatics 48 117 122, March April 2007 doi 10.1176 appi.psy.48.2.117 http psy.psychiatryonline.org cgi content full 48 2 117 top ref Signs and symptoms Denial of pregnancy can be divided into three distinct types ref Miller LJ. Denial of Pregnancy Infanticide psychosocial and legal perspectives on mothers who kill http books.google.com books?id i4XqOuxjzvIC&lpg PA81&ots AFG nKQDhz&dq miller 20 22denial 20of 20pregnancy 22&pg PA81 v onepage&q miller 20 22denial 20of 20pregnancy 22&f false ref which are distinguished primarily by the severity of the denial experienced by the woman Affective Denial This type of denial is characterized by a lack of the typical maternal bonding that is felt by most women during pregnancy. Although they are aware of their pregnancy, women with this disorder continue to behave as if they were not pregnant. They do not alter their clothes or lifestyle, nor do they make any preparations for the baby s arrival. Pervasive Denial In this form of pregnancy denial, the women suppresses all awareness of her pregnancy for extended periods of time, up to, including and even after childbirth . This psychological suppression is combined with a lack or lessening of physical symptoms of pregnancy. Women may, for example ... during menstruation throughout the duration of their pregnancy. Psychotic Denial This is a form ... of pregnancy do usually occur they are misinterpreted in ways that are usually considered quite ... of Pregnancy Infanticide psychosocial and legal perspectives on mothers who kill http books.google.com ... pregnancyPregnancy Reproductive health Reproductive physiology Category Pregnancy fr D ni de grossesse ... more details
Infobox Book name The Joy of Pregnancy author Tori Kropp country United States language English language English subject pregnancy genre Non fiction publisher The Harvard Common Press pub date 2008 media type paperback pages 415 1st ed. isbn 978 1 55832 306 3 dewey 618.2 22 congress RG551 .K76 2008 oclc 179813700 The Joy of Pregnancy is an award winning guide to pregnancy and childbirth, written by Tori Kropp and published by The Harvard Common Press in April 2008. Format The Joy of Pregnancy is written in a month by month format. Each chapter begins with a section on changes within mom s body and includes Important Things to Know for that month, such as medical tests to schedule, questions to ask the doctor, and products that should be bought for baby and mom. Tori s Tips are dispersed throughout the book, with specific advice from Tori relating to each month. The chapters also include question and answer sections, questions from Tori s readers, as well as information for dads in the Dad s Corner. Awards The Joy of Pregnancy received The National Parenting Center s Seal of Approval in 2008 ref http www.tnpc.com search tnpcarticle2.asp?rec 6219 The National Parenting Center s Award Winners ref , as well as a Gold recipient of the 2009 Mom s Choice Awards in the Pregnancy & Childbirth category ref http www.momschoiceawards.com celebrate09.php Parenting Mom s Choice Award Winners ref . The book was also designated as a Best Consumer Health 2008 title by Library Journal ref http www.libraryjournal.com article CA6630780.html?q the joy of pregnancy Best Consumer Health 2008 Titles Library Journal ref References references External links http www.thejoyofpregnancy.net The Joy of Pregnancy Book Site http harvardcommonpress.com content books details the joy of pregnancy The Joy of Pregnancy Info Page Health stub Category Pregnancy ... more details
Infobox disease Name Ovarian pregnancy Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 O 00.2 ICD9 ICD9 633.80 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic eMedicine mult MeshID Ovarian pregnancy refers to an ectopic pregnancy that is located in the ovary . Typically the egg cell is not released or picked up at ovulation , but fertilized within the ovary where the pregnancy Implantation human embryo implants ... pregnancy. journal Radiographics. 2008 Oct 28 6 1661 71. pmid 18936028 ref ref name speert ref name helde Such a pregnancy usually does not proceed past the first four weeks of pregnancy. ref name helde An untreated ovarian pregnancy causes potentially fatal intraabdominal bleeding and thus may become ... pregnancy. journal Natl Med Assoc. 2006 May 98 5 796 8. pmid 16749658 ref Etiology and pathology The etiology of ovarian pregnancy is unknown, specifically as the usual causative factors pelvic inflammatory disease and pelvic surgery implicated in tubal ectopic pregnancy seem to be uninvolved ... pregnancy relationship to an intrauterine device. author Ercal T, Cinar O, Mumcu A, Lacin S, Ozer E ... risk for ovarian pregnancy. ref Cite journal author Priya S, Kamala S, Gunjan S. title Two interesting cases of ovarian pregnancy after in vitro fertilization embryo transfer and its successful laparoscopic ... ref An ovarian pregnancy is usually understood to begin when a mature egg cell is not expelled ..., giving rise to an intrafollicular pregnancy. ref name helde Cite journal title Detection of unsuspected ovarian pregnancy by wedge resection author Helde MD, Campbell JS, Himaya A, Nuyens JJ, Cowley ... organs. ref name helde In very rare occasions the pregnancy may find a sufficient foothold outside the ovary to continue as an abdominal pregnancy , and an occasional delivery has been reported. ref ... and, to a lesser degree, vaginal bleeding during pregnancy. Patients may present with hypovolemia ... A, Schachter M, Mordechai E, Friedler S, Panski M, Ron El R. title Ovarian pregnancy a 12 year experience ... more details
Pregnancy rate in infertility treatment is the success rate for pregnancy . It is the percentage of all attempts that leads to pregnancy, with attempts generally referring to menstrual cycles where insemination or any artificial equivalent is used, which may be simple artificial insemination AI or AI with additional in vitro fertilization . Definitions There is no universally accepted definition of the term. Thus in IVF pregnancy rates may be based on initiated treatment cycles, cycles that underwent oocyte retrieval, or cycles where an embryo transfer was performed. In terms of outcome, pregnancy may refer to a positive pregnancy test , evidence of a pregnancy with a viable fetus or Implantation human embryo implantation preferably specified as implantation rate . Furthermore, pregnancy rates can be influenced in IVF by transferring multiple embryos that may result in multiple birth s. A strict definition in the IVF setting would refer to the singleton pregnancy rate that determines how many live singletons are born in relation to initiated IVF cycles. Related end points In some cases, success rates include delivery or presence of a live baby preferably specified as delivery rate or live birth rate respectively . Live birth rate Live birth rate is the percentage of all cycles that lead to live birth, and is the pregnancy rate adjusted for miscarriage s and stillbirth s. For instance ... may be useful or necessary in couples with total fertilization failure. ref name Liu Pregnancy rate for AI Main Artificial insemination Pregnancy rate Generally, pregnancy rate for AI it is 10 to 15 .... ref name utrecht Pregnancy rate for IVF Main In vitro fertilisation Pregnancy rates With enhanced technology, the pregnancy rates are substantially higher today than a couple of years ago. In 2006, Canadian clinics reported an average pregnancy rate of 35 . ref name canadians http www.theglobeandmail.com ... References reflist Category Pregnancy ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Abdominal pregnancy Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 O 00.0 ICD10 O 83.3 ICD9 ... pregnancy is a form of an ectopic pregnancy where the pregnancy is implanted within the peritoneal cavity ... journal author Atrash HK, Friede A, Hogue CJR title Abdominal Pregnancy in the United States Frequency ... A 30 year review of advanced abdominal pregnancy at the Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Afikpo, southeastern ... to tubal pregnancy with sexually transmitted disease playing a major role. ref name hk cite journal url http www.hkmj.org article pdfs hkm0012p425.pdf title Abdominal pregnancy presenting as a missed ... title An Early Abdominal Wall Ectopic Pregnancy Successfully Treated with Ultrasound Guided Intralesional ... rise to a hepatic pregnancy ref cite journal author Chui AK, Lo KW, Choi PC, Sung MC, Lau JW. title Primary hepatic pregnancy. journal ANZ J Surg. 2001 Apr 71 4 260 1. pmid 11355741 ref or splenic pregnancy , respectively. ref cite journal author Yagil Y, Beck Razi N, Amit A, Kerner H, Gaitini D title Splenic Pregnancy The Role of Abdominal Imaging journal J. Ultrasound Med., Vol. 26, Issue 11, 1629 1632, November 1, 2007 pmid 17957059 ref Even an early diaphragmatic pregnancy has been described ... . ref cite journal author Norenberg DD, Gundersen JH, Janis JF, Gundersen AL. title Early pregnancy ... versus secondary implantation A primary abdominal pregnancy refers to a pregnancy that implanted ... Abdominal Pregnancy A Diagnostic and Management Dilemma author Krishna Dahiya, Damyanti Sharma journal ... an abdominal pregnancy is a secondary implantation which means that it originated from a tubal less common an ovarian pregnancy and re implanted. ref name bonn cite web url http www.meb.uni bonn.de ... pregnancy author Maurice King, Peter C. Bewes, James Cairns, Jim Thornton editors publisher Bonn University accessdate 2010 01 25 ref To diagnose the rare primary abdominal pregnancy, Studdiford s criteria ... between the uterus and the abdominal cavity, and the pregnancy is related solely to the peritoneal ... more details
Pregnancy fetishism also known as maiesiophilia ref Fitzhugh G. Houston. 2006. MEN LET s TALK The Workbook. Lulu.com. ISBN 1411669711. p74. ref or maieusophoria is a term used to describe the contexts in which pregnancy is seen by individuals ref Inge Hegeler, Sten Hegeler 1963 . An ABZ of Love . University of California. p 94. ref and cultures as an erotic phenomenon. It may involve sexual attraction to women who are pregnant or appear pregnant, attraction to Erotic lactation lactation , or attraction to particular stages of pregnancy such as impregnation or childbirth . ref cite journal last Longhurst first Robyn authorlink coauthors title A Pornography of Birth Crossing Moral Boundaries journal ACME an International E Journal for Critical Geographies volume 5 issue 2 page 221 publisher location ... pregnancy may also become the focus of psychological investment, but nudity or sexual activity is not always essential, and in some cases actual pregnancy is not necessary to invoke arousal. In these cases ... 1991.JPG thumb The glamorization of pregnancy as represented in 1991 on the More Demi Moore cover ... of pregnancy on the cover of Vanity Fair magazine Vanity Fair magazine in 1991 marked the beginning of a period which has since seen pregnancy presented by celebrities as a glamorous state of living ... stylists to introduce pregnancy styling to their business. ref Associated Press 26 April 2006 . http www.msnbc.msn.com id 12466527 Celebrities make pregnancy seem glamorous . MSNBC.com. Retrieved ... Harper Two and a Half Men Alan Harper displays his pregnancy fetish to his brother s maid s pregnant ... playing with a partner. See also Erotic lactation Fat fetishism Male pregnancy References reflist ... 96 External links http sexuality.about.com od sexualpositions a pregnantsexposi.htm Pregnancy Sex Positions ideas for comfortable sex positions during pregnancy. Sex fetish DEFAULTSORT Pregnancy Fetishism Category Paraphilias Category Pregnancy Category Sexual fetishism fr Ma eusophilie ja ... more details
Refimprove date August 2007 A simulated pregnancy is a deliberate attempt to create the false impression of pregnancy . Citation needed date May 2009 It should not be confused with false pregnancy , where the woman mistakenly believes that she is pregnant. Techniques Women who wish to look pregnant, generally for social or psychological purposes, have the option of body suits and the like to wear under their clothes. It can be done by using pillows or pads, or light weighing small balls with a round shape to simulate a pregnant abdomen. Empathy bellies are a special body suit available by mail order to imitate a pregnant belly, along with enlarged breasts and its build will produce fetal movement as if the wearer felt the unborn baby move . http www.empathybelly.org home.html On that note, women have the option of using artificially supplied hormones to cause their bodies to effectively experience a false pregnancy, which would appear to be the truest form of simulated pregnancy yet discovered. Reasons There are some men whom for reasons want to dramatize a simulated pregnancy, which is a subject of comedy and ridicule, but they could indicate a curiosity factor to do a simulated pregnancy, since males generally cannot get pregnant and to experience what many women have experienced. In popular culture Simulated pregnancy is a popular topic in the media and has appeared in shows such as Desperate Housewives and Glee TV series Glee and the film Labor Pains . See also Couvade syndrome Category Pregnancy psych stub human repro stub ... more details
Infobox disease Name Cervical pregnancy Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 O 00.8 ICD9 ICD9 633.80 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic eMedicine mult MeshID Cervical pregnancy refers to an ectopic pregnancy that has implanted in the uterine endocervix . ref name rad Cite journal author Lin EP, Bhatt S, Dogra VS. title Diagnostic clues to ectopic pregnancy. journal Radiographics. 2008 Oct 28 6 1661 71. pmid 18936028 ref Such a pregnancy typically aborts within the first pregnancy trimester , however, if it is implanted closer to the uterine cavity a so called cervico isthmic pregnancy ... Cervico isthmic corporeal pregnancy with delivery at term a review of the literature with a case report ... pregnancy may result in major hemorrhage. Incidence The incidence has been reported to be about ... E. title Cervical pregnancy analysis a review and report of five cases. journal Obstet Gynecol. 1983 ... pregnancy the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. journal Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2007 ... Rodr guez B, del R o Serrano LM. title Ectopic pregnancy in the presence of an intrauterine device ... to link the development of cervical pregnancy to uterine instrumentation, specifically ... . A typical non specific symptom is vaginal bleeding during pregnancy. Ultrasound will show ... pregnancy can be confused with a miscarriage when pregnancy tissue is passing through the cervix ... title Cervical Pregnancy An Uncommon Ectopic Pregnancy author Dixit N, Venkatesan S journal MJAFI ..., the pregnancy is located higher in the canal and the placenta finds support in the uterine ..., Hornung R title Cervical ectopic pregnancy on the portio conservative case management and clinical ... E. title Conservative management of cervical ectopic pregnancy case report and review of literature ... followed by dilation and curettage for cervical pregnancy. journal Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Feb 111 2 Pt 2 505 7. pmid 18239001 ref a more advanced pregnancy may require a hysterectomy to control bleeding ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Interstitial Pregnancy Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 O 00.8 o 00 ICD9 ICD9 633.1 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic eMedicine mult MeshID An interstitial pregnancy is a uterine but ectopic pregnancy the pregnancy is located outside of the uterine cavity in that part ... first4 S. E. last5 Hurd first5 W. W. title Current diagnosis and treatment of interstitial pregnancy ... pii S0002 9378 09 00840 0 year 2010 ref The term cornual pregnancy is sometimes used ... the presence of a pregnancy located within the cavity in one of the two upper horns of a bicornuate ... the term interstitial pregnancy it has a lenghth of 1 2 cm and a width of 0.7 cm. ref name ajobg Its ... myometrium it can expand significantly when it hosts a pregnancy. Interstitial pregnancies can be confused ... has been reported. ref name ajobg A pregnancy located next to the interstitial section laterally is an isthmic tubal pregnancy. The definition of an ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy outside of the uterine cavity, not outside of the uterus, as the interstitial pregnancy is still a uterine pregnancy ... J. A. chapter Ectopic Pregnancy title Te Linde s Operative Gynecology editor1 last Rock editor1 first ... pregnancy dies. ref cite journal last Lau first S. last2 Tulandi first2 T. title Conservative medical and surgical management of interstitial ectopic pregnancy journal Fertil Steril year ... With the growing use of assisted reproductive technologies, the incidence of interstitial pregnancy .... As in other cases of ectopic pregnancy, risk factors are previous tubal pregnancy, IVF therapy ... Jaroudi first2 D. title Interstitial pregnancy results generated from the Society of Reproductive Surgeons ... doi ref Typical symptoms of an interstitial pregnancy are the classical signs of ectopic pregnancy ... of cornual pregnancy a series of 20 consecutive cases journal Journal of Reproductive Immunology ... the gestational sac is diagnostic, while, in contrast, the angular pregnancy has at least 5 mm of myometrium ... more details
False pregnancy or hysterical pregnancy , most commonly termed pseudocyesis in humans and pseudopregnancy ... with pregnancy when the person or animal is not pregnant. Clinically, false pregnancy is most common in veterinary medicine particularly in dogs and mice . False pregnancy in humans is less common, and may sometimes be purely psychological. It is generally estimated that false pregnancy is caused ... into physical changes similar to those during pregnancy. The underlying cause is often mental. ref http www.falsepregnancy.net False Pregnancy In Women Retrieved on 2010 01 19 ref In humans pseudocyesis ... historians believe that the queen s physicians mistook fibroid tumor s in her uterus for a pregnancy ... pregnancy in 1923. More recently, pseudocyesis has received attention in popular culture. Signs and symptoms The symptoms of pseudocyesis are similar to the symptoms of true pregnancy and are often ... during pregnancy, so that the affected woman looks pregnant. These symptoms often resolve under ... believe that she is pregnant. When a woman intentionally and consciously feigns pregnancy, it is termed a simulated pregnancy . Symptoms of pseudocyesis can also occur in men who have couvade syndrome ... pregnancy to emotional conflict. It is thought that an intense desire to become pregnant, or an intense .... It holds that if a woman desires pregnancy badly enough she may interpret minor changes in her body as signs of pregnancy. Proposed biological mechanisms include the effect of stress on the hypothalamic ... of intestinal gas. Testing Any type of pregnancy test works by detecting a certain hormone ... pregnancy tests.cfm Pregnancy Tests Retrieved on 2010 01 19 ref The pregnancy hormone known as human ... or in the case of an ectopic pregnancy elsewhere in the body, such as the fallopian tube or abdominal cavity approximately six days after human fertilization occurs. During a normal pregnancy, the hCG .... Both urine and blood tests may detect this particular hormone and confirm pregnancy as early as six ... more details
Image Test de grossesse ouvert.jpg thumb right 250px A modern pregnancy test A pregnancy test attempts to determine whether or not a woman is pregnancy pregnant . Modern pregnancy tests look for chemical markers associated with pregnancy. These markers are found in urine and blood, and pregnancy tests ... ovum blastocyst . While hCG is a reliable marker of pregnancy, it cannot be detected until after ... early stages of pregnancy. Obstetric ultrasonography may also be used to detect pregnancy. Obstetric ... s Visit . Included in this 17th century painting is a depiction of a dubious pregnancy test ... entrez query.fcgi?cmd Retrieve&db PubMed&list uids 9555144&dopt Abstract Jan Steen s fire pot pregnancy ... at pregnancy testing have been found as far back as the Ancient Greece ancient Greek and ancient Egypt ... pregnant woman. Germination indicated pregnancy. The type of grain that sprouted was taken as an indicator ... the presence of a pregnancy. Avicenna and many physicians after him in the Middle Ages performed uroscopy .... This discovery was important in relying on hCG as an early marker of pregnancy. ref name ... ELISA , used in modern home pregnancy tests. Modern tests The test for pregnancy which can give the quickest result after fertilisation is a Enzyme assay rosette inhibition assay for early pregnancy ... . ref cite journal author Fan XG, Zheng ZQ title A study of early pregnancy factor activity in preimplantation ... However, testing for EPF is expensive and time consuming. Most chemical tests for pregnancy look for the presence ... of the conceptus and loss of pregnancy journal New England Journal of Medicine volume 340 issue ..., Rebecca Smith year 2006 title FertilityPlus.org work Home Pregnancy Test hCG Levels and FAQ ... have a threshold of 25 mIU mL, and so are less sensitive than some available home pregnancy tests. Most home pregnancy tests are based on Lateral flow test lateral flow technology. With obstetric ... used in Pregnancy? work Obstetric Ultrasound A Comprehensive Guide year 2006 url http www.ob ultrasound.net ... more details
eruption of pregnancy to cover these, ref name Andrews James, William Berger, Timothy Elston, Dirk ... of pregnancy , ref name Matz cite journal author Matz H, Orion E, Wolf R title Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy polymorphic eruption of pregnancy PUPPP journal Clin Dermatol volume ... pregnancy include ref name pmid17263216 ref name pmid6833540 cite journal author Holmes RC, Black MM title The specific dermatoses of pregnancy journal J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. volume 8 issue 3 pages ... cite journal author Callen JP title Pregnancy s effects on the skin. Common and uncommon changes ... ref ref name pmid3276095 cite journal author Sodhi VK, Sausker WF title Dermatoses of pregnancy journal ..., Vaughan Jones SA, Kerl H, Black MM title The specific dermatoses of pregnancy revisited and reclassified ... url ref Onset in pregnancy ref name pmid16488288 Condition 49.7 Early Eczema in pregnancy 21.6 Late Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy 4.25 br Saudi Arabia ref name Yap2008 cite ... herpes gestationis 3 Late Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy may also be included in this list. ref name pmid17263216 0.8 Early Prurigo gestationis 0.2 Early Pruritic folliculitis of pregnancy Late Spangler s Papular dermatitis of pregnancy Linear IgM dermatosis of pregnancy See also List of cutaneous conditions References reflist 2 Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium Category Pregnancy related cutaneous conditions ... more details
Refimprove date November 2010 Infobox Disease Name Ectopic pregnancy Image Ectopic.png Caption Ectopic ... D011271 An ectopic pregnancy , or eccysis , is a complication of pregnancy in which the pregnancy ... ovaries , and abdomen . An ectopic pregnancy is a potential medical emergency , and, if not treated properly, can lead to death. In a normal pregnancy, the fertilized egg enters the uterus and settles ... in the Fallopian tubes. Detection of ectopic pregnancy in early gestation has been achieved mainly ... techniques ectopic pregnancy remains a source of serious maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide ... ectopic pregnancy, the embryo adheres to the lining of the fallopian tube and burrows into the tubal ... type of miscarriage . There is no inflammation of the tube in ectopic pregnancy. The pain is caused ... of methotrexate treatment for ectopic pregnancy has reduced the need for surgery however, surgical ... on individual cases precisely because of this difficulty. Classification Tubal pregnancy The vast majority ... 1149ff isbn 0 683 30379 1 ref Mortality of a tubal pregnancy at the isthmus or within the uterus interstitial pregnancy is higher as there is increased vascularity that may result more likely in sudden ... pregnancy is caused by a combination of retention of the embryo within the fallopian tube due to impaired ... of human tubal ectopic pregnancy journal Hum Reprod Update volume 16 issue 4 pages 432 ... pregnancy Two percent of ectopic pregnancies occur in the ovary, cervix, or are intraabdominal. Transvaginal ultrasound examination is usually able to detect a cervical pregnancy . An ovarian pregnancy is differentiated from a tubal pregnancy by the Spiegelberg criteria . ref WhoNamedIt synd 2274 Spiegelberg s criteria ref While a fetus of ectopic pregnancy is typically not viable, very rarely, a live baby has been delivered from an abdominal pregnancy . In such a situation the placenta sits ... pregnancy is high as attempts to remove the placenta from the organs to which it is attached usually ... more details
refimprove date March 2011 Pregnancy discrimination occurs when expectant women are fired, not hired, or otherwise discriminated against due to their pregnancy or intention to become pregnant. Common forms of pregnancy discrimination include not being hired due to visible pregnancy or likelihood of becoming pregnant, being fired after informing an employer of one s pregnancy, being fired after maternity leave , and receiving a pay dock due to pregnancy. Motives Employers discriminate on the grounds of pregnancy for a number of reasons prejudice s against working women and mother s fear of loss ... 70 of women with children in the work force, pregnancy discrimination is the fastest growing type ... totaling 10.4 million. Pregnancy Discrimination Act In 1978, the U.S. Congress passed the Pregnancy ... The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 and http www.finduslaw.com family and medical leave act fmla ... on the basis of sex. Two major cases in the 70s appear to be directly responsible for the Pregnancy .... The uproar from these two decisions appears to have directly fueled the creation of the Pregnancy Discrimination Act by Congress. In 2009 the Supreme Court again addressed Pregnancy discrimination ... of the 1978 Pregnancy Discrimination Act cannot be considered in calculating employee pension benefits, therefore essentially implying that the Pregnancy Discrimination Act is not Ex post facto law retroactive . European Union The European Union regards less favourable treatment on grounds of pregnancy ... case of Geduldig v. Aileo and consistent with the American approach in the Pregnancy Discrimination ... Volwassen VJV Centrum Plus ref 1990 ECR I 3941 ref that pregnancy discrimination was sex discrimination ... because she had attempted to take pregnancy leave, but had not disclosed this to her employer when ... any period of pregnancy or maternity leave there may be no detriment or dismissal in connection with a period ... period of pregnancy, even though she is not fully able to carry out all her normal job functions ... more details
A pregnancy school is a type of school in the United States exclusively for pregnant girls. New York City opened a series of these schools in the 1960s and moved pregnant girls out of their regular high schools into these special schools. As of May 2007, the city is planning on shutting these schools down due to a history of low test scores and poor attendance. ref http www.nytimes.com 2007 05 24 education 24educ.html ref Pregnancy schools also exist in Chicago , Los Angeles , and Madison, Wisconsin , although attendance has been declining in all of them. ref http www.nytimes.com 2007 05 24 education 24educ.html ref References http www.iht.com articles 2007 05 24 africa school.php Schools dedicated to pregnant girls fading away , International Herald Tribune Notes reflist Category School types Category Pregnancy School US edu stub ... more details
Infobox journal title Hypertension in Pregnancy cover File Hypertension in Pregnancy.jpg discipline Gynaecology Gynecology abbreviation Hypertens. Pregnancy publisher Informa country frequency Quarterly history 1982 present website http www.informahealthcare.com hip link1 http informahealthcare.com toc hip current link1 name Online access link2 http informahealthcare.com loi hip link2 name Online archive ISSN 1064 1955 eISSN 1525 6065 CODEN HYPPEV LCCN OCLC 26226712 Hypertension in Pregnancy is a quarterly Peer review peer reviewed healthcare journal medical journal which publishes data pertaining to human and animal hypertension during gestation. Articles in the journal contain information on the physiology of circulatory control, pathophysiology, methodology, therapy and other material relevant to the relationship between elevated blood pressure and pregnancy. ref cite web url http informahealthcare.com page Description?journalCode hip title Hypertension in Pregnancy Aims and Scope accessdate 09 06 2010 format work ref It is published by Informa and the editor in chief editors in chief are Peter von Dadelszen Canada and Fiona Lyall Scotland . ref cite web url http informahealthcare.com page EditorialAdvisoryBoard?journalCode hip title Hypertension in Pregnancy Editorial Board accessdate 09 06 2010 format work ref The journal was established in 1982 and has a 2009 impact factor of 1.138. ref Thomson Reuters Journal Citation Reports 2009 ref The journal is available online and in paper format. Article types Article types include Original articles Case report s Case series Review journal Reviews Editorial s Letter to the editor Letters to the editor References Reflist Category English language journals Category Cardiology journals Category Obstetrics and gynecology journals Category Publications established in 1982 Category Quarterly journals Category Informa academic journals ... more details
Merge from Effects of smoking during pregnancy date August 2010 Exposure to cigarette smoke poses serious .... Exposure to cigarette smoke before pregnancy decreases the fertility of both men and women. Exposure during pregnancy can also lead to complications when giving birth that could prove fatal to both mother and child. Exposure can also negatively affect the development of the fetus . After pregnancy ... complications for the child. Smoking Before Pregnancy Smoking can adversely affect the ability of individuals ..., during and after pregnancy is not an unusual behavior amongst the general population and can have ... Pregnancy. Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica 89.4 2010 505 14. Academic Search ... Before, During, and After Pregnancy. http www.cdc.gov chronicdisease resources publications fact sheets .... Another contributing factor to a lower incidence of pregnancy in female smokers is a tendency .... 27 April 2010. ref Smoking During Pregnancy In the United States today, approximately 10 of women smoke during pregnancy March of Dimes. 2010. Smoking During Pregnancy. ref name smoking during pregnancy Smoking During Pregnancy. March of Dimes, Apr. 2008. Web. 26 April 2010 http www.marchofdimes.com professionals 14332 1171.asp . ref Of women who smoked during the last 3 months of pregnancy, 52 ... and Prevention. 2009. Tobacco Use and Pregnancy Home. http www.cdc.gov reproductivehealth tobaccousepregnancy index.htm ref Effects of smoking during pregnancy Smoking during pregnancy can lead to a plethora ... Placenta previa Ectopic pregnancy Placental abruption. ref name CDC preventing Smoking cigarettes ... and requires a longer recovery period in the hospital. Ectopic pregnancy An ectopic pregnancy is when ... born to women who smoke during pregnancy also have roughly 30 higher odds of being born prematurely ... During Early Pregnancy and Its Effect on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Fetal Growth. European Journal ... name smoking during pregnancy SIDS Another perspective on the effects of smoking during pregnancy is the research ... more details
. Nutrition and pregnancy refers to the nutrient intake, and dietary planning that is undertaken before, during and after pregnancy. All dietary advice relating to pregnancy related nutrition is noted ... nutrition and pregnancy in 1950 women who consumed minimal amounts over the eight week period had ... have physical disorders been linked with poor nutrition before and during pregnancy, but neurological ... The following sections refer to the pertinence of nutrition throughout pregnancy, and are thoroughly ... pregnancy Potentially harmful pre pregnancy determinants It is known that good nutrition before pregnancy is important because of the amount of resources childbirth requires. The process of pre pregnancy nutrition is a process of building up the immune system in preparation of pregnancy, and is known ... url http www.everydayhealth.com pregnancy getting pregnant foods that make you fertile.aspx date ... pregnancy nutrition is ensuring that the mother is healthy and without any major factors which could ... in pregnancy journal British Nutrition Foundation volume 31 pages 28 59 year 2006 ref This is also ... DG title Handbook of Nutrition and Food, Second Edition Chapter 13. Nutrition during Pregnancy .... If this, again, is used in conjunction with good nutrition and diet before pregnancy in terms of a normal balanced diet, then reserves of micronutrients , providing materials for pregnancy, would ... mass index article. Beneficial pre pregnancy nutrients As with most diets, there are chances ... http www.everydayhealth.com pregnancy getting pregnant foods that make you fertile.aspx date May, 20 ... birth weight. ref cite journal author Williamson CS title Nutrition in pregnancy journal British Nutrition ... Everyday Health title Foods that make you fertile url http www.everydayhealth.com pregnancy getting ... pregnancy The conception and the subsequent weeks afterwards is the time when it is at its most ... of the womb, such is the reason why correct nutrient intake during pregnancy is so important. During ... more details
ICD9 649.3 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Hypercoagulability in pregnancy is the propensity of pregnant women to develop thrombosis blood clots . Pregnancy itself is a factor of hypercoagulability pregnancy induced hypercoagulability as a physiologically adaptive mechanism ... pages isbn 0 521 88115 3 oclc doi accessdate ref Causes Pregnancy induced hypercoagulability is probably a physiologically adaptive mechanism to prevent postpartum hemorrhage . ref name gresele Pregnancy ... in normal and hypertensive pregnancy. journal Am J Obstet Gynecol year 1989 volume 160 issue 1 pages ... walls by a hormonal effect. ref name lablines There are also many pregnancy related causes of hypercoagulability ... by Forceps in childbirth forceps , vacuum extractor or Caesarean section . ref name lablines Pregnancy .... ref name lablines Several Complications of pregnancypregnancy complications , like preeclampsia ... as common in pregnancy as in the general population, include both acquired ones ..., ref name lablines http pathology.uc.edu LABLINES V8I5.pdf Hypercoagulability during Pregnancy Lab ... of the developing fetus , changes in the anticoagulation regimen during pregnancy can be performed ... in the mother. The main issue with anticoagulation in pregnancy is that warfarin , the most commonly ... if administered in early pregnancy. ref name Sathienkijkanchai 2005 cite journal author ... Santis M, Clementi M, Rodriguez Pinilla E, Dolivo A, Merlob P. title Vitamin K antagonists and pregnancy ..., the indications for anticoagulation during pregnancy are the same as the general population. This includes ... with a previous pregnancy, Fact date June 2007 and even with individuals with a history of coagulation factor deficiencies and DVT not associated with a previous pregnancy. ref name Couto 2005 cite journal author Couto E, Nomura ML, Barini R, Pinto e Silva JL. title Pregnancy associated venous ... ref Strategies There is no consensus on the correct anticoagulation regimen during pregnancy ... more details
Infobox television film name The Pregnancy Pact image PregnancyPact2010Poster.jpg image size caption TV poster director Rosemary Rodriguez producer Laurence Ducceschi br Robert M. Sertner br Frank von Zerneck writer Pam Davis br Teena Booth narrator starring Thora Birch br Madisen Beaty br Camryn Manheim ... by followed by The Pregnancy Pact is a 2010 television film directed by Rosemary Rodriguez and stars ... teenagers in Gloucester, Massachusetts who allegedly had a pregnancy pact. Plot The movie .... Her main story is a story about teen pregnancy . After finding out that her old high school has increased ... and investigate the situation. ref http movies.rightcelebrity.com the pregnancy pact movie 1449 ref ... been over one hundred and fifty pregnancy tests distributed in the past two months. After hearing ... late, so her friends advise her to take a pregnancy test . The pregnancy test is positive, so ... www.mylifetime.com movies the pregnancy pact about ref When Sidney finds out that Sara is pregnant, a new story of a pregnancy pact shows up in Time Magazine. Time Magazine states that all of these girls ... who would love them unconditionally. Once the news of the pregnancy pact comes out Jesse furiously ... that the pregnancy pact is true so that it would encourage other girls not to get pregnant. As Sidney ... makes matters worse for her condition. During the last few months of Sara s pregnancy, she sees that Jesse has moved on and has a new girlfriend, and now realizes that the pregnancy pact might ... to one of the magazines titled, Women s Health Weekly , The Pregnancy Pact has become the number ... and Sunday, The Pregnancy Pact accumulated 23.3 million viewers. Lifetime was the highest rated ... rot date March 2010 Reflist External links imdb title 1528227 DEFAULTSORT Pregnancy Pact, The Category ... Films set in Massachusetts Category Teen pregnancy in film and television fr Le Pacte de grossesse it Pregnancy Pact ... more details
Globalize date December 2010 The pregnancy category of a medication pharmaceutical agent is an assessment ... during pregnancy . It does not include any risks conferred by pharmaceutical agents or their metabolites ... of drugs to be avoided or used with caution in pregnancy, and does so using a limited number of key phrases. ref cite book title British National Formulary chapter Appendix 4 Pregnancy edition 55 ... for the pregnancy categories table border 1 cellpadding 2 cellspacing 0 tr td bgcolor ffffff align centre colspan 2 style border bottom 3px solid gray United States FDA Pharmaceutical Pregnancy Categories td tr tr td align center bgcolor efefef Pregnancy Category A td td bgcolor dfefff Adequate and well ... of pregnancy and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters . td tr tr td align center bgcolor efefef Pregnancy Category B td td bgcolor dfefff Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate ... efefef Pregnancy Category C td td bgcolor dfefff Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse ... center bgcolor efefef Pregnancy Category D td td bgcolor dfefff There is positive evidence of human .... td tr tr td align center bgcolor efefef Pregnancy Category X td td bgcolor dfefff Studies in animals ... of the FDA definitions of the pregnancy categories is that the FDA requires a relatively large amount of high quality data on a pharmaceutical for it to be defined as Pregnancy Category A. As a result of this, many drugs that would be considered Pregnancy Category A in other countries are allocated ... http edocket.access.gpo.gov 2008 pdf E8 11806.pdf Australia Australia has a slightly different pregnancy ... center colspan 2 style border bottom 3px solid gray ADEC Pregnancy Categories Australia td tr tr td align center bgcolor efefef Pregnancy Category A td td bgcolor aad686 Drugs which have been taken by a large ... tr tr td align center bgcolor efefef Pregnancy Category B1 td td bgcolor aad686 Drugs which have been ... damage. td tr tr td align center bgcolor efefef Pregnancy Category B2 td td bgcolor aad686 Drugs ... more details
Fit Pregnancy is a Magazines magazine and Web site for pregnant women and new mothers, published six times a year. History Fit Pregnancy was founded in 1993 by Weider Publications as a Spin off media spin off of Shape Magazine . Weider Publications was acquired by American Media, Inc. in November of 2002. David Pecker is the Chairman and CEO of the company, whose headquarters are in New York City Manhattan . Peg Moline is the magazine s Editor in Chief ref http www.fitpregnancy.com pegmoline Peg Moline Bio , FitPregnancy.com, 2007 ref . Fit Pregnancy offers advice and health information from OBGYN OB GYNs and Pediatricians , such as Dr. Jay Gordon ref http www.huffingtonpost.com jay gordon Dr. Jay Gordon on the Huffington Post ref , Dr. Michel Cohen ref http www.thenewbasics.com home.html Dr. Michel Cohen and The New Basics ref , and FitPregnancy.com s Ask the Labor Nurse blogger Jeanne Faulkner. ref http www.fitpregnancy.com blog labornurse 46?section 911 Real Moms blogger Jeanne Faulkner ref Fit Pregnancy s annual feature on The Best Cities to Have a Baby has been regularly featured on the NBC program Today NBC program Today . The magazine encourages breastfeeding , fitness, and regularly features a column on Environmentalism . Awards Magazine excellence National Information Health awards 19 http www.wpa online.org Maggie Awards since 1999, such as for Best Health & Fitness Consumer Magazine for the October November 2007 issue and for Best Table of Contents for the December January 2008 issue. ref http www.wpa online.org 2008 Maggie Award Winners , Western Publications Association ... ref http www.buy.com prod your complete guide to a fit pregnancy q loc 106 206730110.html Your Complete Guide to a Fit Pregnancy by FitPregnancy Author , Peg Moline Editor ref http www.amazon.com dp 0976611503 Your Complete Guide to a Fit Pregnancy, by FitPregnancy Author , Peg Moline Editor ref References reflist American Media Pregnancy Category American magazines Category Fitness magazines Category ... more details
Reduced illness related pregnancy would preserve 27 million Quality adjusted life year healthy life ... 939253 62 3 ref Results A large proportion of induced abortions are due to unwanted or mistimed pregnancy ... were from problems associated with pregnancy or childbirth, but the majority 64 were from ... at risk for unintended pregnancy, only 3 do not use contraception, and 20 use Intrauterine device ... Contraception Unintended Pregnancy in the United States accessdate 2009 01 25 ref Almost half 49 ... author Trussell J title The cost of unintended pregnancy in the United States journal Contraception ... than half of US women have had an unintended pregnancy by age 45. ref name singh cite journal ... publications and resources contraception journal january 2009 ref Of the 800,000 teenage pregnancy ... 9 of women at risk for unintended pregnancy were teenagers, ref name trussell08 cite journal journal Contraception title Reducing unintended pregnancy in the United States url http www.arhp.org ... title Teenage pregnancy. Fact sheet journal SIECUS Rep volume 26 issue 3 pages 21 2 year 1998 pmid ... Unintended Pregnancy author J. Joseph Speidel, Cynthia C. Harper, and Wayne C. Shields url http ... Trussell07 See also Global incidence of teenage pregnancy Nutrition and pregnancy Miscarriage Birth ... index.htm CDC Unintended Pregnancy Prevention reproductive health Category pregnancy es Embarazo ... more details
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