Unreferenced date December 2009 Placentallactogen is a polypeptide placenta l hormone . Its structure and function is similar to that of growth hormone . It modifies the metabolic state of the mother during pregnancy to facilitate the energy supply of the fetus . For information on the human form, see Human placentallactogen . Placentallactogen I and II were identified as prolactin like molecules that can bind to prolactin receptor with high affinity and mimic the actions of prolactin. These hormones can contribute to lactogenesis, luteal maintenance and progesterone production in rats during the later stages of gestation. Placentallactogen I may be important in stimulating mammary cell proliferation and in stimulating some of the adaptations of the maternal lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. DEFAULTSORT PlacentalLactogen Category Hormones Biochemistry stub ja pt Lactog nio placent rio ru ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Caption DiseasesDB 10107 ICD10 ICD10 P 02 2 p 00 ICD9 ICD9 762.2 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D010927 Placental insufficiency is insufficient blood flow to the placenta during pregnancy . It may have an impact upon the CNS. ref name pmid19732613 cite journal author Redline RW title Disorders of placental circulation and the fetal brain journal Clin Perinatol volume 36 issue 3 pages 549 59 year 2009 month September pmid 19732613 doi 10.1016 j.clp.2009.06.003 url ref The term is also sometimes used to designate late decelerations of fetal heart rate as measured by electronic monitoring, even if there is no other evidence of reduced blood flow to the placenta. The normal uterine blood flow rate at term is 600 mL min. Sequelae Placental insufficiency can affect the fetus, causing Fetal distress . Placental insufficiency may cause oligohydramnios or intrauterine growth restriction IUGR . Causes Placental insufficiency can be induced experimentally by bilateral uterine artery ligation of the pregnant rat. Placental insufficiency can be caused by placental abruption . References reflist Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period Category Haemorrhagic and haematological disorders of fetus and newborn Category Health issues in pregnancy de Plazentainsuffizienz ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Placental cotyledon Latin GraySubject 12 GrayPage 63 Image Placental cotyledon.png Caption Structure of the placenta, with a placental cotyledon marked in rectangle. Image2 Caption2 Precursor System Artery Vein Nerve Lymph MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre c 58 DorlandsSuf 12263174 In human development, the cotyledons are the approximately 15 30 separations of the decidua basalis of the placenta, separated by placental septa . ref name Varney Page 565 in cite book author Varney, Helen Helen Varney Burst Kriebs, Jan M. Gegor, Carolyn L. title Varney s midwifery publisher Jones and Bartlett Publishers location Boston year 2004 pages isbn 0 7637 1856 4 oclc doi accessdate http books.google.se books?id c5dn3yh4V5UC ref Each cotyledon consists of a main stem of a chorionic villus as well as its branches and subbranches etc. ref name Varney Vasculature The cotyledons receive fetal blood from chorionic vessels , which branch off cotyledon vessels into the cotyledons, which, in turn, branch into capillaries. ref cite doi 10.1111 j.1469 7580.2007.00819.x ref The cotyledons are surrounded by maternal blood, which can exchange oxygen and nutrients with the fetal blood in the capillaries. References reflist External links http www.embryology.ch francais fplacenta villosite01.html Diagram page in French Category Developmental biology Category Embryology Anatomy stub ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Chorangioma intermed mag.jpg Caption Micrograph of a chorangioma . H&E stain . DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 O 43 o 30 ICD10 O 45 o 30 , ICD10 O 73 o 60 , ICD10 P 02 0 p 00 ICD10 P 02 2 p 00 ICD9 ICD9 641.0 ICD9 641.2 , ICD9 667 , ICD9 762.0 ICD9 762.2 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D010922 Placental disease , also known as placental pathology , is a broad term describing any single number of disease s affecting the placenta . The article also covers placentation abnormalities, which is often used synonymously for placental disease. ref name pmid19337544 cite journal author Furuya M, Ishida J, Aoki I, Fukamizu A title Pathophysiology of placentation abnormalities in pregnancy induced hypertension journal Vasc Health Risk Manag volume 4 issue 6 pages 1301 13 year 2008 pmid 19337544 pmc 2663465 doi url ref ref name pmid19099348 cite journal author Cheng MH, Wang PH title Placentation abnormalities in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia journal Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn. volume 9 issue 1 pages 37 49 year 2009 month January pmid 19099348 doi 10.1586 14737159.9.1.37 url ref Pathology Adherence penetration abruptio placentae placenta accreta placenta increta placenta percreta Inflammatory infectious chorioamnionitis villitis of unknown etiology intervillitis TORCH infections CMV placentitis chronic deciduitis Placental development circumvallate placenta placental villous immaturity Obstruction of os placenta previa vasa previa Vascular fetal thrombotic vasculopathy hypertrophic decidual vasculopathy chorangiosis chorangioma References reflist Pathology of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period disease stub Category Complications of labour and delivery ... more details
Infobox disease Name Placental abruption Image Ultrasound Scan ND 370.jpg Caption Ultrasound showing placental abruption. DiseasesDB 40 ICD10 ICD10 O 45 o 30 ICD9 ICD9 641.2 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus 000901 eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 6 eMedicine mult eMedicine2 emerg 12 MeshID D000037 Placental abruption also known as abruptio placentae is a complication of pregnancy , wherein the placenta l lining has separated from the uterus of the mother . It is the most common pathological cause of late pregnancy bleeding. In humans, it refers to the abnormal separation after 20 weeks of gestation and prior to birth. It occurs in 1 of pregnancy pregnancies world wide with a fetal mortality rate of 20 40 depending on the degree of separation. Placental abruption is also a significant contributor to maternal mortality. The heart rate of the fetus can be associated with the severity. ref name pmid17896112 cite journal author Usui R, Matsubara S, Ohkuchi A, et al. title Fetal heart rate pattern reflecting the severity of placental abruption journal Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics volume 277 issue 3 pages 249 year 2007 pmid 17896112 doi 10.1007 s00404 007 0471 9 ref Lasting effects On the mother A large loss of blood or hemorrhage may require blood transfusions and intensive care after delivery. Antepartum haemorrhage APH weakens for Postpartum hemorrhage PPH to kill . The uterus may not contract properly after delivery so the mother may need medication to help her uterus contract. The mother may have problems with blood clotting for a few days. If the mother s blood does not clot particularly ... contributes to the avulsion of the anchoring placental villi from the expanding lower uterine ... as concealed or internal placental abruption. Women may present with vaginal bleeding, abdominal or back ... 230 2 year 1991 month March pmid 2038082 pmc 2627035 doi url ref The risk of placental abruption ... patterns and correction of pregnancy induced hypertension . Intervention Placental abruption is suspected ... more details
Placental expulsion also called afterbirth occurs when the placenta comes out of the birth canal after childbirth . The period from just after the fetus is expelled until just after the placenta is expelled is called the third stage of labor . Physiology It begins as a physiological separation from the wall of the uterus. The placenta is usually expelled within 15 30 minutes of the baby being born. Maternal blood loss is limited by contraction childbirth contraction of the uterus following birth of the placenta. Normal blood loss is less than 600 millilitre mL . Management The third stage of labor can be managed actively, or it can be managed expectantly also known as physiological management or passive management , the latter allowing the placenta to be expelled without medical assistance. Active management routinely involves clamping of the umbilical cord , often within seconds or minutes of birth. It may also involve giving oxytocin via intramuscular injection, followed by cord traction to assist in delivering the placenta. The oxytocic agents augment uterine muscular contraction and the cord traction assists with rapid birth of the placenta. However, premature cord traction can pull the placenta before it has naturally detached from the uterine wall, resulting in hemorrhage. A Cochrane database study ref name Cochrane database cite doi 10.1002 14651858.CD000007 ref suggests that blood loss and the risk of postpartum bleeding will be reduced in women offered active management of the third stage of labour. However, the use of ergometrine for active management was associated with nausea or vomiting and hypertension, and controlled cord traction requires the immediate clamping of the umbilical cord . A summary ref name Chelmow of the Cochrane study came to the results that active management of the third stage of labour, consisting of controlled cord traction, early cord clamping plus drainage, and a prophylactic oxytocic agent, reduced postpartum haemorrhage by 500 or 1000 ... more details
infobox disease Name Placental site trophoblastic tumor Image Alt Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO 9104 1 OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID D018245 GeneReviewsID GeneReviewsName Placental site trophoblastic tumor is a form of gestational trophoblastic disease . It is thought to arise from intermediate trophoblast . ref name pmid11192071 cite journal author Shih IM, Kurman RJ title The pathology of intermediate trophoblastic tumors and tumor like lesions journal Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol. volume 20 issue 1 pages 31 47 year 2001 month January pmid 11192071 doi url ref It may secrete human placentallactogen human chorionic somatomammotropin . ref http library.med.utah.edu WebPath EXAM MULTORG fem1frm.html ref It can cause a positive pregnancy test. ref name pmid19935163 cite journal author Whitney KA title Placental site trophoblastic tumor journal Am J Nurs volume 109 issue 12 pages 32 7 quiz 38 year 2009 month December pmid 19935163 doi 10.1097 01.NAJ.0000365176.62954.11 url http meta.wkhealth.com pt pt core template journal lwwgateway media landingpage.htm?issn 0002 936X&volume 109&issue 12&spage 32 ref References reflist Germ cell tumors Category Health issues in pregnancy Category Germ cell neoplasia medicine stub ... more details
infraclasses pouched mammals marsupials and placental mammals eutherians . This list contains the eutheria placental mammal s. For monotreme s and marsupial s, see List of monotremes and marsupials . Subclass Theria Infraclass Eutheria Placental Mammals Order Afrosoricida tenrec s and golden mole s List of placental mammals in Order Afrosoricida 43 species Order Macroscelidea elephant shrew or sengis List of placental mammals in Order Macroscelidea 16 species Order Tubulidentata aardvarks List of placental mammals in Orders Tubulidentata, Hyracoidea, Proboscidea, and Sirenia List of placental mammals in Order Tubulidentata 1 species Order Hyracoidea hyrax List of placental mammals in Orders Tubulidentata, Hyracoidea, Proboscidea, and Sirenia List of placental mammals in Order Hyracoidea 4 species Order Proboscidea elephants List of placental mammals in Orders Tubulidentata, Hyracoidea, Proboscidea, and Sirenia List of placental mammals in Order Proboscidea 3 species Order Sirenia manatees , dugong , and sea cows List of placental mammals in Orders Tubulidentata, Hyracoidea, Proboscidea, and Sirenia List of placental mammals in Order Sirenia 6 species Order Cingulata armadillo s List of placental mammals in Order Cingulata 21 species Order Pilosa anteater s and sloth s List of placental mammals in Orders Pilosa, Scandentia, and Dermoptera List of placental mammals in Order Pilosa 10 species Order Scandentia treeshrew s List of placental mammals in Orders Pilosa, Scandentia, and Dermoptera List of placental mammals in Order Scandentia 20 species Order Dermoptera colugo s List of placental mammals in Orders Pilosa, Scandentia, and Dermoptera List of placental mammals ... s, etc. List of placental mammals in Order Primates Order Rodentia mice , rat s, squirrel s, chipmunk s, Gopher animal gopher s, etc. List of placental mammals in Order Rodentia Order Lagomorpha hare s, rabbit s, and pika List of placental mammals in Order Lagomorpha Order Erinaceomorpha hedgehog ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Placental villous immaturity intermed mag.jpg Caption Micrograph of villous immaturity in a 37 week old gestation . H&E stain . DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Placental villous immaturity , also villous immaturity and villous dysmaturity , is chorionic villous development that is inappropriate for the gestational age . It is associated with diabetes mellitus ref name pmid1856519 Cite journal last1 Arizawa first1 M. last2 Nakayama first2 M. last3 Kidoguchi first3 K. title Correlation of placental villous immaturity and dysmaturity with clinical control of maternal diabetes . journal Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi volume 43 issue 6 pages 595 602 month Jun year 1991 doi PMID 1856519 ref and fetal death near term, i.e. intrauterine demise close to the normal gestation period gestational period . ref name pmid15138817 Cite journal last1 Stallmach first1 T. last2 Hebisch first2 G. title Placental pathology its impact on explaining prenatal and perinatal death. journal Virchows Arch volume 445 issue 1 pages 9 16 month Jul year 2004 doi 10.1007 s00428 004 1032 2 PMID 15138817 ref Pathology Placental villous immaturity, as the name implies, is characterized by chorionic villi that are inappropriately developed for the gestational age . The development and maturation of chorionic villi is essential for normal fetal development . Immature chorionic villi are larger and have more central blood vessels thus, the diffusion distance for gas exchange gas and nutrient exchange is larger and, therefore, placental function is impaired. See also Placenta Placental pathology Additional images gallery Image Placental villous immaturity low mag.jpg Low mag. Image Placental villous immaturity high mag.jpg High mag. gallery References Reflist 2 Category Health issues in pregnancy ... more details
PBB geneid 250 Alkaline phosphatase, placental type also known as placental alkaline phosphatase PLAP is an allosteric enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALPP gene . ref name pmid3001717 cite journal ... of human term placental alkaline phosphatase cDNA journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A volume ... placental alkaline phosphatase differ by seven amino acids journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A volume ... ref ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene ALPP alkaline phosphatase, placental Regan isozyme ... Gene There are at least four distinct but related alkaline phosphatases intestinal ALPI , placental this enzyme , placental like ALPPL2 , and liver bone kidney ALPL tissue non specific . The first ... characterized. ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene ALPP alkaline phosphatase, placental Regan ... ref Function Alkaline phosphatase, placental type is a membrane bound glycosylated dimeric enzyme ... it is closely related to the intestinal form of the enzyme as well as to the placental like form. ref ... cite journal author Lowe ME title Site specific mutations in the COOH terminus of placental alkaline ... determined by site specific mutagenesis at Asp 484 of placental alkaline phosphatase. journal ... pnas.87.1.157 cite journal author Martin D, Spurr NK, Trowsdale J title RFLP of the human placental ... M title Nucleotide sequence of the human placental alkaline phosphatase gene. Evolution of the 5 ... acid 484 of nascent placental alkaline phosphatase condenses with a phosphatidylinositol glycan .... title Expression of different sized placental alkaline phosphatase mRNAs in placenta and choriocarcinoma ... and sequence analysis of human placental alkaline phosphatase. journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 261 issue ... Purification and partial sequencing of human placental alkaline phosphatase. journal Biochem. Biophys ... allozyme of placental alkaline phosphatase PLAP ALPP . journal Hum. Mutat. volume 19 issue 3 pages ..., T., Millan, J.L., Le Du, M.H title Structural studies of human placental alkaline phosphatase ... more details
Confined placental mosaicism CPM represents a discrepancy between the chromosomal makeup of the cells ... involves a placental biopsy . Most commonly when CPM is found it represents a trisomic cell line in the placenta ... author Robinson WP, Barrett IJ, Bernard L, et al. title Meiotic origin of trisomy in confined placental ... OP, Tharapel AT, Lerner JL, Park VM, Wachtel SS, Shulman LP title Risk of fetal mosaicism when placental ... line in the tissue which is destined to become the placental mesoderm . Meiotic CPM Alternatively, CPM ... 2 8 title Confined placental mosaicism for trisomies 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 16, and 22 Their incidence, likely ... types of confined placental mosaicism depending on the cells involved at the time of the error ... placental mosaicism continue to term with no complications and the children develop normally. However ... rate in pregnancies with confined placental mosaicism, diagnosed by chorionic villus sampling, is higher than among pregnancies without placental mosaicism. It may be that sometimes the presence of significant numbers of abnormal cells in the placenta interferes with proper placental function. An impaired ... has been demonstrated, which may suggest a placental cause of the IUGR. ref Cite journal author Fryburg JS, Dimaio MS, Yang Feng TL, Mahoney MJ title Follow up of pregnancies complicated by placental ... lead to confined placental trisomy, are of any clinical consequence. Errors of meiotic origin are correlated with higher levels of trisomy in placental tissues and may be associated with adverse pregnancy ... between high levels of abnormal cells in placental tissue and concerns with the growth ... Cite journal author Wolstenholme J, Rooney DE, Davison EV title Confined placental mosaicism, IUGR ... carry imprinted genes involved in growth or placental function, which may contribute to impaired ... outcome is strongly chromosome specific. The most frequently seen trisomic cells in confined placental ... number of placental mosaicism cases, but were less often confirmed in fetal tissue 3.2 . ref ... more details
orphan date January 2010 Placental alpha microglobulin 1 PAMG 1 was isolated in 1975 from amniotic fluid by D. Petruin and was originally referred to as specific alpha 1 globulin of placenta. ref name D. Petrunin, et al., Immunological Identification of Organ Specific alpha 1 Globulin of Human Placenta and Its Content in the Amniotic Fluid, in Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya, 1977, N 1, pp. 64 65, Moscow, USSR D. Petrunin, et al., Immunological Identification of Organ Specific alpha 1 Globulin of Human Placenta and Its Content in the Amniotic Fluid, in Akusherstvo i Ginekologiya, 1977, N 1, pp. 64 65, Moscow, USSR ref PAMG 1 is present in blood and the amniotic fluid and cervico vaginal discharge of pregnant women. The concentration of PAMG 1 in the amniotic fluid of pregnant women 2,000 25,000 ng ml , however, is several thousand magnitudes higher than that found in their background cervico vaginal discharge when the fetal membranes are intact 0.05 0.2 ng ml . It has been found to be present in amniotic fluid in significantly high concentrations throughout all three trimesters of pregnancy. Diagnostic potential Because of its contrasting concentrations in the amniotic fluid and background cervico vaginal discharge of pregnant women, PAMG 1 proves to be an excellent protein marker for amniotic fluid. Detecting amniotic fluid via PAMG 1 becomes particularly important when determining whether or not fetal membranes are ruptured. Premature rupture of fetal membranes or Premature rupture of membranes PROM as it is more commonly referred occurs in roughly 10 of pregnancies ref ... S, Poeltler D. AmniSure Placental Alpha Microglobulin 1Rapid Immunoassay vs Standard Diagnostic ... S, Poeltler D. AmniSure Placental Alpha Microglobulin 1Rapid Immunoassay vs Standard Diagnostic Methods ... 99 accuracy. ref name Cousins L, Smok D, Lovett S, Poeltler D. AmniSure Placental Alpha Microglobulin ... links DEFAULTSORT Placental Alpha Microglobulin 1 Pamg 1 Category Pregnancy Category Obstetrics Category ... more details
PBB geneid 5228 Placental growth factor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PGF gene . ref name entrez cite web title Entrez Gene PGF placental growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor related protein url http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov sites entrez?Db gene&Cmd ShowDetailView&TermToSearch 5228 accessdate ref ref name pmid7681160 cite journal author Maglione D, Guerriero V, Viglietto G, Ferraro MG, Aprelikova O, Alitalo K, Del Vecchio S, Lei KJ, Chou JY, Persico MG title Two alternative mRNAs coding for the angiogenic factor, placenta growth factor PlGF , are transcribed from a single gene of chromosome 14 journal Oncogene volume 8 issue 4 pages 925 31 year 1993 month April pmid 7681160 doi url issn ref Placental growth factor PGF is a member of the VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor sub family a key molecule in angiogenesis and vasculogenesis , in particular during embryogenesis . The main source of PGF during pregnancy is the placental trophoblast . PGF is also expressed in many other tissues, including the villous trophoblast. ref name pmid18648513 cite journal author Khalil A, Muttukrishna S, Harrington K, Jauniaux E title Effect of antihypertensive therapy with alpha methyldopa on levels of angiogenic factors in pregnancies with hypertensive disorders journal PLoS ONE volume 3 issue 7 pages e2766 year 2008 pmid 18648513 pmc 2447877 doi 10.1371 journal.pone.0002766 url issn editor1 last Lumbiganon editor1 first Pisake ref Clinical significance Placental growth ... Placental growth factor promotes atherosclerotic intimal thickening and macrophage accumulation journal ... JF, Carmeliet P, Zachary IC title Placental growth factor promotes atherosclerotic intimal thickening .... In addition, placental sFlt 1 levels were significantly increased and PGF decreased in women with preeclampsia as compared to those with uncomplicated pregnancies. This suggests that placental concentrations ... reading refbegin 2 cite journal author Luttun A, Tjwa M, Carmeliet P title Placental growth factor ... more details
Lists of placental mammals in Orders Pilosa and Scandentia may be found at Pilosa Classification List of species in Order Pilosa Scandentia Classifiation List of species in Order Scandentia disambiguation ... more details
TOCright A variety of placental mammals have been introduced to Australia since the arrival of Captain Cook in 1770 . They have ranged in size from rodent s to deer . One other species, the Dingo , was introduced much earlier, but is nevertheless included in this list ref Menkhorst, P. and Knight, F. 2001 A Field Guide to the Mammals of Australia , Oxford University Press, Melbourne ISBN 0 19 550870 X ref . This is a sub list of the list of mammals of Australia . Note that this sub list includes five species of introduced rodent that are also included in the List of rodents of Australia Introduced rodents of Australia sub list . Rodent ia Muridae House Mouse , Mus musculus Pacific Rat , Rattus exulans Brown Rat , Rattus norvegicus Black Rat , Rattus rattus Sciuridae Five lined Palm Squirrel , Funambulus pennantii Carnivora Canidae Dog , Canis lupus familiaris Dingo , Canis lupus dingo Red Fox , Vulpes vulpes Felidae House Cat , Felis silvestris catus Perissodactyla Equidae Donkey , Equus asinus Domestic Horse , Equus ferus caballus Artiodactyla Bovidae domestic buffalo Water Buffalo , Bubalus bubalis Goat , Capra aegagris hircus Banteng , Bos javanicus Cattle , Bos primigenius Camelidae Dromedary , Camelus dromedarius Cervidae Chital , Axis axis Hog Deer , Axis porcinus Red Deer , Cervus elaphus Rusa Deer , Cervus timorensis Sambar Deer Sambar , Cervus unicolor Fallow Deer , Dama dama Suidae Wild Boar Pig , Sus scrofa Lagomorpha Leporidae European Hare , Lepus europaeus European Rabbit , Oryctolagus cuniculus See also List of mammals of Australia List of monotremes and marsupials of Australia List of bats of Australia List of rodents of Australia List of marine mammals of Australia References references Category Fauna naturalised in Australia Category Lists of mammals by location Australia Category Lists of Australian animals Placental mammals introduced to Australia ... more details
This list contains the placental mammal s in the Order Afrosoricida . Family Tenrecidae tenrec s Subfamily Geogalinae 1 species Genus Geogale Large eared Tenrec Geogale aurita Subfamily Oryzorictinae 21 species Genus Limnogale Web footed Tenrec Limnogale mergulus Genus Microgale Short tailed Shrew Tenrec Microgale brevicaudata Cowan s Shrew Tenrec Microgale cowani Dobson s Shrew Tenrec Microgale dobsoni Drouhard s Shrew Tenrec Microgale drouhardi Dryad Shrew Tenrec Microgale dryas Pale Shrew Tenrec Microgale fotsifotsy Gracile Shrew Tenrec Microgale gracilis Naked nosed Shrew Tenrec Microgale gymnorhyncha Jenkins Shrew Tenrec Microgale jenkinsae Northern Shrew Tenrec Microgale jobihely Lesser Long tailed Shrew Tenrec Microgale longicaudata Major s Long tailed Tenrec Microgale majori Montane Shrew Tenrec Microgale monticola Nasolo s Shrew Tenrec Microgale nasoloi Pygmy Shrew Tenrec Microgale parvula Greater Long tailed Shrew Tenrec Microgale principula Least Shrew Tenrec Microgale pusilla Shrew toothed Shrew Tenrec Microgale soricoides Taiva Shrew Tenrec Microgale taiva Talazac s Shrew Tenrec Microgale talazaci Thomas s Shrew Tenrec Microgale thomasi Genus Oryzorictes Mole like Rice Tenrec Oryzorictes hova Four toed Rice Tenrec Oryzorictes tetradactylus Subfamily Potamogalinae Genus Micropotamogale Nimba Otter Shrew Micropotamogale lamottei Ruwenzori Otter Shrew Micropotamogale ruwenzorii Genus Potamogale Giant Otter Shrew Potamogale velox Subfamily Tenrecinae Genus Echinops genus Echinops Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec Echinops telfairi Genus Hemicentetes Highland Streaked Tenrec Hemicentetes nigriceps Lowland Streaked Tenrec Hemicentetes semispinosus Genus Setifer Greater Hedgehog Tenrec Setifer setosus Genus Tenrec genus Tenrec Common Tenrec Tenrec ecaudatus Family Chrysochloridae golden mole s Subfamily Chrysochlorinae 11 species Genus Carpitalpa Arend s Golden Mole Carpitalpa ... Animal lists Category Lists of placental mammals Afrosoricida fi Luettelo Afrosoricida lahkon ... more details
This list contains the placental mammal s in Orders Tubulidentata , Hyracoidea , Proboscidea , and Sirenia . Order Tubulidentata Family Orycteropodidae Genus Orycteropus Aardvark Orycteropus afer Order Hyracoidea Family Procaviidae Genus Dendrohyrax Southern Tree Hyrax Dendrohyrax arboreus Western Tree Hyrax Dendrohyrax dorsalis Genus Heterohyrax Yellow spotted Rock Hyrax Heterohyrax brucei Genus Procavia Cape Hyrax Procavia capensis Order Proboscidea Family Elephantidae Genus Loxodonta African Forest Elephant Loxodonta cyclotis African Bush Elephant Loxodonta africana not scientifically accepted Dwarf Elephant Loxodonta pumillo Genus Elephas Asian Elephant Elephas maximus Order Sirenia Family Dugongidae Genus Dugong Dugong Dugong dugon Genus Hydrodamalis Steller s Sea Cow Hydrodamalis gigas Family Trichechidae Genus Trichechus Manatee s West Indian Manatee Trichechus manatus African Manatee Trichechus senegalensis Amazonian Manatee Trichechus inunguis Dwarf Manatee Dwarf Manatee Trichecus pygmaeus validity questionable. See also Mammal classification Animal lists Category Lists of placental mammals Tubulidentata, Hyracoidea, Proboscidea, and Sirenia ... more details
Pfam box Symbol Hormone 1 Name Somatotropin hormone family image width caption Pfam PF00103 InterPro IPR001400 SMART Prosite PDOC00239 SCOP 1huw TCDB OPM family OPM protein PDB PDB3 1huw 27 215 PDB3 1hgu 28 215 PDB3 1a22 A 27 215 PDB3 1hwh A 27 215 PDB3 1hwg A 27 215 PDB3 1axi A 29 215 PDB3 1bp3 A 27 215 PDB3 1bst 27 215 PDB3 1an3 A 40 227 PDB3 1n9d A 29 227 PDB3 1rw5 A 29 227 PDB3 1f6f A 38 234 Somatotropin is a hormone that plays an important role in growth control. It belongs to a family that includes choriomammotropin lactogen , its placental analogue prolactin , which promotes lactation in the mammary gland, and placental prolactin related proteins proliferin and proliferin related protein and somatolactin from various fish ref name PUB00003394 cite journal author Wallis M title The molecular evolution of pituitary growth hormone prolactin and placental lactogen a protein family showing variable rates of evolution journal J. Mol. Evol. volume 17 issue pages 10 18 year 1981 ref ref name PUB00000308 cite journal author Kessler MA, Milosavljevic M, Zieler CG, Schuler LA title A subfamily of bovine prolactin related transcripts distinct from placental lactogen in the fetal placenta journal Biochemistry volume 28 issue 12 pages 5154 5161 year 1989 pmid 2765528 doi 10.1021 bi00438a036 ref ref name PUB00000338 cite journal author Rand Weaver M, Noso T, Muramoto K, Kawauchi H title Isolation and characterization of somatolactin, a new protein related to growth hormone and prolactin from Atlantic cod Gadus morhua pituitary glands journal Biochemistry volume 30 issue 6 pages 1509 1515 year 1991 pmid 1993170 doi 10.1021 bi00220a010 ref ref name PUB00000588 cite journal author Connor AM, Waterhouse P, Khokha R, Denhardt DT title Characterization of a mouse mitogen regulated protein proliferin gene and its promoter a member of the growth hormone prolactin gene superfamily journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta volume 1009 issue 1 pages 75 82 year 1989 pmid 2790033 doi 10.1016 0167 ... more details
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