prelude to the English Civil War Petition of Right In English law , a petition of right ... phrase was normally translated as Let right be done . One of the most famous Cause c l bre causes c l bres in English law, the George Archer Shee Archer Shee case , arose out of proceedings on a petition of right. ref name Univ Pa. Law Rev cite journal last Keedy first Edwin title A Petition of Right ... law At common law the petition went through its earliest stages in Chancery medieval office Chancery . The petition suggested a right disputing the title of the Crown, and the Crown endorsed the petition ... eb Scotland and Ireland The law as to petitions of right applied to Ireland but not to Scotland , and a right to present such a petition was also thought to exist in British empire colonies whose ... to claims against the government which made it unnecessary to resort to a petition of right. ref name eb References reflist Bibliography Anon. 1911 http www.1911encyclopedia.org PetitionPetition ... contractors could obtain redress, lest they be inhibited from taking on such work, the petition of right came to be used in such situations, especially after the Petitions of Right Act 1860 simplified the process. Before the petition could be heard by the courts, it had to be endorsed with the words ... 20shee&f false ref Section 1 of the Crown Proceedings Act 1947 allows claims for which a petition ... defendant. However, a petition and fiat still appear to be necessary for personal claims against the monarch . ref name bne Claims allowed A petition of right was available ref name eb Anon. 1911 http www.1911encyclopedia.org PetitionPetition , Encyclopaedia Britannica ref To obtain restitution of real ... , the remedy law remedy was somewhat different and was called monstrans de droit . ref name eb Petition of right was not available in respect of engagements in the Royal Navy naval , British Army military ... filed a response and the merits were determined as in any inter partes action. If the right was determined ... more details
lead too short date October 2011 globalize date December 2010 The right to petition government for redress of grievances is the human rights right to make a complaint to, or seek the assistance of, one s government , without fear of punishment or reprisals. United States Main Right to petition in the United States generalize section date November 2011 The incorporation doctrine later expanded the protection of the right to its current scope, over all state and federal courts and legislatures, and the executive branches of the state ref name ifac1 cite web url http www.illinoisfirstamendmentcenter.com petition.php publisher Illinois First Amendment Center title The Right to Petition ref and federal governments. The right to petition includes, under its umbrella, the petition. For example, in January 2007, the US Senate considered S. 1, ref name s.1 cite web url http www.govtrack.us congress bill.xpd?bill s110 1 publisher govtrack.us title S.1 2007 2008 ref an omnibus ethics reform bill. This bill ... right to sue the government, ref name facts cite web url http www.firstamendmentcenter.org petition topic.aspx?topic sue publisher First Amendment Center first Adam last Newton title PetitionRight to sue ref and the right of individuals, groups, and corporations via corporate personhood , to lobbying ... to citizens right to petition government officials, by Douglas Johnson and Susan Muskett, J.D., National Right to Life Committee, February 20, 2007. ref ref http www.nrlc.org FreeSpeech DoJletteronHR984.pdf ... References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Right To Petition Category Petitions fr Droit de p tition pt Direito de peti o simple Right to petition ur ... , the National Right to Life Committee , and the National Rifle Association . Citation needed reason ... of government in the sunshine , but other groups oppose it as an infringing on the right to petition by making it impossible for citizens to communicate their views on controversial issues ... more details
contractual remedy against the Crown petition of right Infobox document document name Petition of Right image Petition of Right.jpg image width 270px image caption The Petition of Right date created ... Coke Sir Edward Coke signers purpose The protection of civil liberties The Petition of Right is a major ... met on 6 May to discuss alternatives, and concluded that a petition of right was the way ... between the two chambers, the Petition of Right was ratified by both houses on the 26th ..., the Petition of Right was highly influential. Domestically, the Petition is seen as one of England ... as the originator of the Petition of Right. sfn Young 1984 p 452 The idea of a petition of right ... legitimately. sfn Hulme 1935 p 304 Once the Commons agreed to move forward with a petition of right ... on the Petition of Right, while passing their own resolution on 26 May insisting that their intention ... 137 Faced with both the Petition of Right and a demand to remove his favourite, while requiring Parliament ... that the petition would be accepted on 2 June, saying quote The King willeth that right be done ... Petition forces in the Lords . sfn Flemion 1973 p 208 Petition of Right After setting out a list of individual grievances and statutes that had been broken, the Petition of Right declares that Englishmen ... of the Petition of Right an important moment in the Stuart period. Whig historians such as Samuel ..., the Petition of Right is still considered an important moment, with Conrad Russell, 5th Earl Russell ... . sfn Reeve 1986 p 257 In its own right, the Petition has been described as one of England ... influence from the Petition of Right, sfn Bachmann 2000 pp 281 6 primarily through the Massachusetts ... Image LongParliament.jpg thumb right The Long Parliament , which had the Petition of Right formally ... to the prorogation of Parliament on the 26th. sfn Flemion 1973 p 209 The Petition of Right was not a formal ... which of these interpretations of the petition is correct. The Petition of Right of 1628 was a unique ... more details
Image Bill of Rights Pg1of1 AC.jpg thumb 200px right The right to petition is protected by the First Amendment in the United States Bill of Rights Bill of Rights . In the United States the right to petition ... Congress from abridging the right of the people...to petition the Government for a redress of grievance ... right. ref name fac trace cite web url http www.firstamendmentcenter.org petition overview.aspx title Petition Overview last Newton first Adam coauthors Ronald K.L. Collins publisher First Amendment Center ref The right to petition is a fundamental in a representative democracy , such as the United ... roots The American right of petition is derived from British precedent. In Commentaries on the Laws of England Blackstone s Comment , Last published in 1765, Americans in the Thirteen Colonies read that the right ... A Transcription ref blockquote Historically, the right can be traced back ref name fac trace to English documents such as Magna Carta , which, by its acceptance by the monarchy, implicitly affirmed the right, and the later Bill of Rights 1689 , which explicitly declared the right of the subjects to petition ... Research Service format PDF ref significant exercise and defense of the right to petition within ... in 1844 on the basis that it was contrary to the right to petition the government. ref name gag Scope While the prohibition of abridgement of the right to petition originally referred only ... title The Right to Petition ref and federal governments. The right to petition includes under its .... Some litigants have contended that the right to petition the government includes a requirement that the government ... taken for granted, ref name fac slapp cite web url http www.firstamendmentcenter.org petition topic.aspx?topic slapp title Petition SLAPPs last Porter first Lori publisher First Amendment Center ... was a right appertaining to every individual. ref cite web url http www.yale.edu lawweb avalon blackstone ... listed in colonial petitions, such as the Olive Branch Petition of 1775, as a justification to declare ... more details
the right of the people to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. The right to petition has been held to include the right to file lawsuits against the government. Modern use Petitions ...wiktionary A petition is a request to do something, most commonly addressed to a government official or public entity. Petitions to a deity are a form of prayer . In the colloquial sense, a petition is a document addressed to some official and signed by numerous individuals. A petition may be oral rather than written, and in this era may be transmitted via the Internet. Legal Petition can also be the title of a legal pleading that initiates a legal case. The initial pleading in a civil lawsuit that seeks only money damages might be called in most U.S. courts a complaint . An initial pleading in a lawsuit that seeks non monetary or equitable relief, such as a request for a writ of mandamus or habeas corpus , custody of a child, or probate of a will, is instead called a petition . Early history In pre modern History of China Imperial China petitions were always sent to an Office of Transmission ... and stored with the Office of Supervising Secretaries before the original written petition was sent ... House of Commons in the 18th and 19th centuries, the largest being the Great People s Charter, or petition of the Chartists . They are still presented in small numbers. The Petition Clause of the First ... of dollars. Once the requisite number of signatures was obtained on the recall petition, other ... moral authority in support of various causes. Internet petition is a new form of a petition becoming ... links Cite Collier s Petition Category Petitions Category Protest tactics ar bg cs Petice de Petition et Petitsioon es Petici n fr Droit de p tition ko hi it Petizione he kk nl Petitie ja no Petisjon pl Petycja pt Peti o ru simple Petition sr sv Petition tr Dilek e uk wa Peticion zh ... more details
Petition may refer to Petition , a written request to the government for action Types Petitioning China Petition of RightPetition for stay Petition to make special Petition mill Petition Crown Election petitionRight to petition Curative petition Nominating petition Act on petition Internet petition Specific petitions Petitions to the Holy See Szil rd petitionPetition to the King 1774 Petitions of Right Act 1860 Petition of the three colonels Root and Branch Petition 1688 Germantown Quaker Petition Against Slavery The People s PetitionPetition of Fifty Petition of Free Negroes French petition against age of consent laws West Calder Slave Trade Petition Arts and literature The Beggar s PetitionPetition The Court of the Complainants a 2009 documentary by Zhao Liang director The Calcutta Quran Petition Petitioning the Empty Sky See also Petitioner disambig ... more details
thumb right Simulated bus advertisement used to promote an e Petition to the British Prime Minister ...An Internet petition is a form of petition posted on a website . Visitors to the website in question ... letter may be delivered to the subject of the petition, usually via e mail . Pros and cons The format makes it easy for people to make a petition at any time. Several websites allow anyone with computer ... framed in the ostensible form of a petition. citation needed date December 2010 Without safeguards ... of the petition itself. Verification, for example via a confirmation e mail can prevent padding a petition with false names and e mails and many petition sites now have such safeguards to match real world processes such as local governments requiring protest groups to present petition signatures ... publisher Snopes.com date 2007 06 09 url http www.snopes.com inboxer petition internet.asp ... , Petitions.GoodEasy.info , Internet Petition and 38 Degrees . These are growing in popularity ... of petition achieving its objective, and critics frequently cite it as an example of slacktivism . In February 2007 an online petition against road pricing and car tracking on the Prime Minister of the United ... web title Roads petition breaks a million publisher BBC News date 2007 02 10 url http news.bbc.co.uk ... of petition is the e mail petition. This petition may be a simple chain letter , requesting that its ... to an offsite online petition which the recipient can sign. Usually, the e mail petition focuses on a specific ... web based petition hosts, PetitionOnline , was founded in 1999, with others such as thePetitionSite.com, iPetitions, GoPetitions and others being established in the years since. Petition hosts ... and informal web forum based petitions. However, petition hosts were criticized for their lax requirements ... petition. The rise of online social networking in the later 2000s, however, resulted in both an increase of Internet petition integration into social networks and an increase of visibility for such petitions ... more details
Use mdy dates date September 2011 A discharge petition is a means of bringing a Bill proposed law bill ... to consider it. A successful petition discharges the committee from further consideration of a bill or resolution and brings it directly to the floor. The discharge petition, and the threat of one ... and committee chairs. The modern discharge petition requires the signature of an absolute majority of House members 218 members . History and process Image JGCannon.jpg thumb right Imperious ... faced a revolt from his own party, which curtailed the Speaker s powers via the discharge petition and stripping ... . An early form of the discharge petition was introduced into House rules in 1910 as part of a series ... 2006 02 16 ref Originally, signatories to a discharge petition were secret. Only once the petition ... and Andrew D. Martin title Discharge Petition Bargaining in the House, 1995 2000 date 2003 03 27 url ... basic forms of discharge petition ref name CRS Directly on an unreported measure. This makes it difficult ... year s close, normally . This is only relevant if the petition succeeds but the bill is rejected ... of the Whole is convened to amend it. ref name CRS A discharge petition may only be brought after ... is 7 days instead. Once the requisite number of signatures is reached, the petition is placed ... petition has caused the leadership to relent several times such petitions are dropped only because the leadership allowed the bill to move forward, rendering the petition moot. Overall, either the petition .... ref name CRS Usage Discharge petitions are rare. A successful discharge petition embarrasses the leadership .... Furthermore, since the signers of a petition are not private, majority party members are pressured ... 101chambers When signing of a petition was secret or, more specifically, confirmation that it was signed ... signers to more direct retribution from the leadership. Under the old system, if a petition was unsuccessful, the leadership would never know if a particular Representative signed the petition. If it was successful ... more details
File Petition crown 1663.jpg thumb right 200px Obverse of Charles II Petition Crown The Petition Crown is a Crown British coin crown coin created in 1663 by Thomas Simon master of the Royal Mint , an English engraver . The coin was submitted directly to Charles II of England Charles II , King of England as Simon s personal petition that only his coin should be considered as the new format for all future Coins of the pound sterling British coinage . The portrait of King Charles II even shows the shadows of the King s veins on his neck. The coin had the famous petition in two lines around the edge it was concave on one side and convex on the other allowing the engraver to highlight the King s head in medallic relief. Charles II, recently returned to England in 1660 after his exile abroad, commissioned a trial from the then official engravers to the Royal Mint for this prestigious project. Eager to take the opportunity Simon submitted his silver prototype. It carried his name beneath the King s head, and his petition engraved in 200 letters in two lines around the coin s rim which is only 3.5mm in depth reading THOMAS SIMON MOST HVMBLY PRAYS YOVR MAJESTY TO COMPARE THIS HIS TRYALL PIECE WITH THE DVTCH AND IF MORE TRVLY DRAWN & EMBOSS D MORE GRACE FVLLY ORDER D AND MORE ACCURATELY ENGRAVEN TO RELIEVE HIM. The marking of the edges of coins as a guard against Coin clipping clipping was only now being adopted in England. Although the coin came too late for King Charles to alter his plans, due to Simon s being in France, Simon produced an extraordinary specimen which today is in the Geoffrey Cope Collection . Another example is on exhibition at the American Numismatic Association museum in Colorado Springs, USA. It is believed that twelve original issues of the Petition Crown are extant ... Petition Crown ref Simon s coin shows the bust of King Charles draped in his flowing hair and laurel leaves, with his celebrated lovelock over his right shoulder. The inscription reads CAROLVS II ... more details
Animal testing The People s Petition was an online campaign to express support for Animal testing medical experimentation using animals in the United Kingdom . Within a year of launch the number of signatures exceeded 21,850 and included Tony Blair , the then serving Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Prime Minister . Purpose Launched on 20 April, 2006 by the Coalition for Medical Progress now part of Understanding Animal Research , a broad alliance that includes pharmaceutical companies and research agencies, the petition was proposed by a member of the public to represent the silent majority who accept the need for animal studies . ref name BBC 060419 David Taylor stated that, as neither a scientist nor doctor, he wanted a way to show people who carry out medical research that I value and support their work. ref http www.thepeoplespetition.org.uk aboutthissite ref The petition offered the opportunity for individuals of any age or place of residence to express support for three assertions Medical research is essential for developing safe and effective medical and veterinary treatments, requiring some studies using animals. Where there is no alternative available, medical research using animals should continue in the UK. People involved in medical research using animals have a right to work and live without fear of intimidation or attack. Response By 13 May, the petition had recorded 13,000 signatures. The following day, in the wake of publicity around a number of acts of intimidation by animal rights activists, then British Prime Minister Tony Blair announced in the Sunday Telegraph , that he intended to add his name to the petition. As an unusual move for a serving politician ... 060419 http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi sci tech 4923402.stm Animal research petition launched, BBC News , 19 ... Animal testing People s Petition, The Category Political pressure groups of the United Kingdom People s Petition, The Category Petitions ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date November 2006 A petition for stay is a legal action filed in an appeal appeals court asking the court to stop stay the decision of a lower court. DEFAULTSORT Petition For Stay Category Legal procedure Law stub ... more details
No footnotes date September 2009 wikisource Petition to the King 1774 The Petition to the King was a petition sent to George III of Great Britain by the First Continental Congress . The petition expressed loyalty to the king and hoped for redress of grievances relating to the Intolerable Acts and other issues that helped foment the American Revolution . See also Olive Branch Petition . Further reading Wolf, Edwin. The Authorship of the 1774 Address to the King Restudied . The William and Mary Quarterly , Third Series, Vol. 22, No. 2 Apr., 1965 , pp. 190 224. Available on JSTOR. American Revolution origins US hist stub Category 1774 in the Thirteen Colonies Category Continental Congress Category Documents of the American Revolution Category Petitions Category George III of the United Kingdom ... more details
multiple issues context November 2011 lead too short November 2011 notability November 2011 one source November 2011 In India , a binding decision of the Supreme Court of India Supreme Court High Courts of India High Court can be reviewed in Review Petition . The parties aggrieved on any order of the Supreme Court of India Supreme Court on any apparent error can file a review petition. Taking into consideration the principle of stare decisis , courts generally do not unsettle a decision, without a strong case. This provision regarding review is an exemption to the legal principle of stare decisis. ref http stpam.org str when review petition can be filed high court and supreme court When review petition can be filed in high court and supreme court ref See also Curative petition References Reflist Category Indian law ... more details
Orphan date March 2011 The concept of Curative petition was evolved by the Supreme Court of India in the matter of Rupa Ashok Hurra vs.Ashok Hurra 2002 4SCC338 where the question was whether an aggrieved person is entitled to any relief against the final judgement order of the Supreme Court, after dismissal of a review petition . The Supreme Court in the said case held that in order to prevent abuse of its process and to cure gross miscarriage of justice, it may reconsider its judgements in exercise of its inherent powers. For this purpose the Court has devised what has been termed as a curative petition. In the Curative petition, the petitioner is required to aver specifically that the grounds mentioned therein had been taken in the review petition filed earlier and that it was dismissed by circulation. This has to be certified by a senior advocate . The Curative petition is then circulated to the three senior most judges and the judges who delivered the impugned judgement , if available. No time limit is given for filing Curative petition. See Also Review petition To entertain the curative petitions, the court has laid down certain specific conditions. Its laid down in order to prevent floodgates of unnecessary petitions seeking their second review. The requirements which are needed in order to accept the curative petitions are i Court reaffirms that litigants are barred on challenging final decisions. ii In cases of miscarriage of justice it would be its legal and moral obligation to rectify the error. iii The petitioner will have to establish that there was a genuine violation of principles of natural justice and fear of the bias of the judge and judgement that adversely affected him. iv The curative petition must accompany certification by a senior lawyer relating to the fulfilment of the requirements. v The petition is to be sent to the three judges of the bench who passed the judgement affecting the petition. vi If the majority of the judges on this bench conclude ... more details
wikisource Candlemakers Petition Candlemakers petition The Candlemakers petition is a well known satire of protectionism written and published in 1845 by the France French economist Fr d ric Bastiat as part of his Economic Sophisms . In the Candlemakers petition, the candle makers and industrialists from other parts of the lighting industry petition the Chamber of Deputies of France Chamber of Deputies of the French July Monarchy 1830 1848 to protect their trade from the unfair competition of a foreign power the Sun . In their petition, the candlemakers cite several economic advantages that might be had from blocking out the Sun, by increasing consumption of products tallow , leading to the increased production of meat, wool, hides, etc. vegetable oil , leading to the increased production of poppy poppies , olive s, and rapeseed resin ous trees, leading to more bees, hence crop pollination whale oil , leading to a larger merchant navy that would boost France s prestige and standing. The candlemakers also cite the same example that Bastiat does at other points in Economic Sophisms that of similar oranges grown in Paris and Lisbon . External links The http bastiat.org en petition.html text of the petition , as translated into English. The http bastiat.org fr petition.html original text , in French. The http www.freeaudio.org fbastiat candlemakerspetition.html Candlemaker s Petition Audio Book free download at FreeAudio.org http www.hacer.org pdf Peticion.pdf Petition of Candlestick makers Frederic Bastiat PDF Spanish Category Satirical works Category 1845 works Category Economics articles es Petici n de los fabricantes de velas fr P tition des fabricants de chandelles it Petizione dei produttori di candele pl Petycja producent w wiec uk ... more details
Use British English date November 2010 orphan date December 2008 Update EB date January 2011 Act on petition is the term for a part of the procedure in the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division , now of infrequent occurrence. It was more freely used in the old Admiralty and Divorce courts before the Judicature Acts . For more information see Pleading References 1911 DEFAULTSORT Act On Petition Category English law UK law stub ... more details
The Beggar s Petition or The Beggar is a poem written by Thomas Moss minister Thomas Moss and published anonymously in 1769 which contains much pathetic and natural sentiment finely expressed. ref Cyclopaedia of English Literature 1844 ref The poem is referenced in the opening pages of Jane Austen s Northanger Abbey as an example of a poem commonly memorized by young women of the day. External links http www.pemberley.com litcomp beggar.html Text of poem References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Beggar s Petition UK poem stub Category 1769 poems ... more details
Wikify date October 2009 A nominating petition is required in some jurisdictions in order for an independent or non major party candidate to gain ballot access . A certain number of valid signatures is typically prescribed by statute in order for the candidate to get on the ballot. Thus, it is necessary to get an overage of raw signatures perhaps twice as many as the statutory requirement in order to assure getting on the ballot, as some signatures may be illegible, incomplete, of individuals not registered to vote, or not in the candidate s electoral district, or otherwise invalid. Paid petitioners sometimes assist in gathering signatures. The form of a nominating petition is typically prescribed by the electoral authority e.g. a board of election and the wording may state, for instance, We, the qualified voters of the district in which the above candidate seeks nomination or election and of signed hereunder or on the reverse side of this page, do hereby petition the above named individual to become a candidate for the office stated above in the General Election to be held on the day of , 20 , and we do further petition that his her name be printed upon the official ballots to be used at the election. ref http www.sbe.virginia.gov cms documents PetitionForm.pdf ref References reflist DEFAULTSORT Nominating Petition Category Elections Category Direct democracy ... more details
The Bendigo Petition was an attempt by miners in the colony of Victoria Australia Victoria now Australia to demand political representation and reasonable limits to taxation from Charles La Trobe Governor La Trobe , a representative of the British Government. In particular the miners requested reform of license fees applicable to miners on the gold fields. The Bendigo Petition built on the earlier demands enunciated by miners at the Forest Creek Monster Meeting of 1851 in Australia 1851 . The Anti Gold Licence Association was formed by G E Thomson, Dr Jones and Edward Brown at Bendigo on the 6 June 1853. Over 23,000 signatures were gathered for the Association s petition. Fact date February 2007 SLV states 5,000 signatures is this because the SLV holds a fragment only? An additional 8000 signatures from the nearby McIvor Heathcote diggings were lost as a result of the robbery of a gold escort in July 1853. By the 1st August the petition, 30 metres long, was sent to the Governor in Melbourne . Fact date February 2007 SLV states 13 metres is this just because it is a fragment? The petitions demands included To direct that the License Fee be reduced to 10 Shillings a Month. To direct that Monthly ... Tax be discontinued. Most of the petition s demands, including the reduction in the licence fee ... title Bendigo Petition 1853 Australian Manuscripts Collection work Treasures publisher ... collections treasures bendigopetition2.html title Bendigo Petition 1853 Australian Manuscripts Collection ... treasures bendigopetition index.html title Image of Bendigo Petition work Australian Manuscripts ... www.slv.vic.gov.au collections treasures bendigopetition transcript.html title Transcript of petition text work Bendigo Petition 1853 Australian Manuscripts Collection publisher State Library of Victoria ... Index of names Bendigo Petition work Australian Manuscripts Collection publisher State Library ... ff2fdd4bdb06fdc5ca256f02007ab32e OpenDocument title The Road to Eureka Miner s Petition ... more details
The Global Warming Petition Project , usually referred to as the Oregon Petition , is a petition opposing ... wrote a cover letter endorsing the petition. The Oregon Petition is the third, and by far the largest ... on Greenhouse Warming , and the Leipzig Declaration . The petition site currently lists more ... ref though a number of critics of the petition have questioned the scientific credentials and the authenticity of the names of the signatories. Text The text of the petition which was on a reply card reads, in its entirety ref name petition cite web url http www.petitionproject.org title Global Warming Petition publisher Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine OISM accessdate 2009 06 14 ref cquote ... effects upon the natural plant and animal environments of the Earth. The text of the petition is often misrepresented. For example, until recently the petition s website stated that the petition s signatories ... web 20070329084247 http www.oism.org oism s32p31.htm Global Warming Petition Project Previous version of page, from archive.org. ref and the British newspaper Daily Telegraph reported that the petition ... 2053842 Scientists sign petition denying man made global warming.html Scientists sign petition denying man made global warming ref As seen above, the petition uses the terms catastrophic heating and disruption rather than global warming . The original article associated with the petition see below ... environmental consequences. Covering letter and attached article The petition had a covering ... Academy of Sciences, accompanied by an attached article supporting the petition. The current version ... for Demarcations chapter The Example of the 1998 Petition Campaign url http sciencepolicy.colorado.edu ... data for 1979 1997 and balloon data from 1979 96. At the time the petition was written, this was unclear ... issue 5361 pages 195 date 10 April 1998 doi 10.1126 science.280.5361.195a ref After the petition appeared ... to make it clear that this petition has nothing to do with the National Academy of Sciences and that the manuscript ... more details
The Petition of Fifty lang id Petisi 50 was a document protesting then President Suharto s use of state philosophy Pancasila politics Pancasila against political opponents. Issued on 5 May 1980 as an Expression of Concern , it was signed by fifty prominent Indonesians including former Army Chief of Staff Abdul Haris Nasution Nasution , former Jakarta governor Ali Sadikin ref name jp cite news first last title Former governor Ali Sadikin, freedom fighter SK Trimurti die url http www.thejakartapost.com news 2008 05 21 former governor ali sadikin freedom fighter sk trimurti die.html work Jakarta Post publisher date 2008 05 21 accessdate 2008 06 07 ref and former prime ministers Burhanuddin Harahap and Mohammad Natsir . The critics suggested that Suharto regarded himself as the embodiment of Pancasila that Suharto regarded any criticism of himself as criticism of the philosophy of the Indonesian state ref name Ricklefs 1991, p. 306 Ricklefs 1991 , p. 306. ref Suharto used Pancasila as a means to threaten political enemies Suharto approved dishonourable actions by the military soldiers oaths were put above the constitution and that soldiers were urged to choose friends and enemies based solely on Suharto s assessment . ref Bresnan, John Managing Indonesia The Modern Political Economy , New York Columbia University, 1993 p. 207. Cited in cite book last Friend first T. title Indonesian ... Intending to avert ideological threats from the left i.e., Communism and the right i.e. political Islam ..., that as a socio political force, ABRI had to choose the right political partners that had proved their desire ..., and led to the issuing of the Petition of Fifty, so called because it was signed by fifty prominent ... p151 154 ref Government response The Petition was read in front of the members of the People s Representative ... military commanders, especially about the issues raised by the Petition of 50 quotes in the original ... I didn t like what the so called Petition of Fifty did. I didn t like their methods, even more ... more details
The Soetardjo Petition was a petition from some progressive Indonesians , which in 1936 was submitted to the Indonesian People s Council Volksraad of the Dutch East Indies . The name comes from the name of the petitioner, Soetardjo Kartohadikusumo . The document expressed the desire of Indonesians to, within a period of ten years, be independent under Article 1 of the Dutch Constitution . On November 16 1938 the petition was rejected because it was considered that the Indonesians were not yet ready for independence, even within the Dutch commonwealth. This rejection encouraged the nationalist movement in Indonesia to be more radical. It led to the formation of the GAPI in 1939 . Further reading Soerjono and Ben Anderson 1980 On Musso s Return Indonesia , Vol. 29, Apr., 1980 , pp. 59 90 Kartohadikusumo, Setiadi, 1990 Soetardjo pembuat petisi Soetardjo dan perjuangannya Setiadi Kartohadikusumo Pustaka Sinar Harapan, Jakarta ISBN 9794160903 indonesia stub Category Dutch East Indies Category Indonesian National Awakening Category 1936 in Indonesia id Petisi Soetardjo jv Petisi Soetardjo nl Petitie Soetardjo ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2009 A petition mill is a fraud in which the perpetrator poses as a financial advisor, sometimes as a credit counseling credit counselor or paralegal , filing hastily prepared bankruptcy documents in the name of victims who come to the advisor as clients. The bankruptcy filing is often both incomplete and inappropriate for the victim s condition and, often, the victim does not even realize that a bankruptcy has been filed. Victims are people in financial trouble who believe they are becoming clients of a professional operation. The fraudster promises to make the foreclosure s, eviction s, repossession s, high interest rates on loan s, and other debt problems go away. The victim pays a large initial fee for the fraudster s services, and the fraudster usually has the victim sign blank documents. Sometimes the victim is also told to make their usual payments directly to the fraudulent advisor instead of the real creditors, or to transfer their real estate to the fraudster. The payments are stolen by the fraudster instead of being used to pay victims debts, and real estate is often deed ed in fractional shares to other victims unknowingly under bankruptcy, complicating ownership to make foreclosures even more difficult by having multiple fraudulent bankruptcies involved in the property. In other petition mill schemes, the fraudster simply creates summary bankruptcy filings for the victim. The victim is then told to file pro se in court and deny that anyone helped prepare the documents. According to the United States Trustee Manual , volume 5, chapter 5, the following are warning signs of a petition mill scheme Pro se bankruptcy petition where the debtor ... se petition filed despite the debtor denying filing bankruptcy Debtor failing to attend the section ... being solicited by petition mills that stress stopping evictions, etc. Complaints by debtor that he ... Fraudulent conveyance DEFAULTSORT Petition Mill Category Bankruptcy Category Fraud Category Personal ... more details
The Szil rd petition , drafted by scientist Le Szil rd , was signed by 155 scientists working on the Manhattan Project in Oak Ridge, Tennessee , and the Metallurgical Laboratory in Chicago, Illinois . It was circulated in July 1945 and asked President Harry S. Truman to consider an observed demonstration of the power of the atomic bomb first, before using it against people. However, the petition never made it through the chain of command to President Truman. It also was not declassified and made public until 1961. In 1946, Szil rd jointly with Albert Einstein, will create the Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists that will count among its board, Linus Pauling Nobel Peace Prize in 1962 . Petition excerpt W e, the undersigned, respectfully petition first, that you exercise your power as Commander in Chief, to rule that the United States shall not resort to the use of atomic bombs in this war unless the terms which will be imposed upon Japan have been made public in detail and Japan knowing these terms has refused to surrender second, that in such an event the question whether or not to use atomic bombs be decided by you in the light of the considerations presented in this petition as well as all the other moral responsibilities which are involved. ref name dannen cite web url http www.dannen.com decision 45 07 17.html title A Petition to the President of the United States work Atomic Bomb Decision, section of Leo Szilard Online ref Signatories The 70 signers at the Manhattan Project s Metallurgical Laboratory in Chicago, in alphabetical order, with their positions, were ref name dannen DAVID S. ANTHONY, Associate Chemist LARNED B. ASPREY, Junior Chemist, S.E.D. WALTER BARTKY ... External links http www.dannen.com decision 45 07 17.html Full text of the petition. http www.atomicheritage.org petition.htm The Scientists Petition A Forgotten Wartime Protest http www.bio.indiana.edu gest HGSzilard.html Howard Gest, The July 1945 Szilard Petition on the Atomic Bomb Memoir by a signer ... more details
Infobox political party country Tunisia name Popular Petition for Freedom, Justice and Development native name lang ar lang1 French name lang1 lang fr P tition populaire pour la libert , la justice et le d veloppement logo colorcode Popular Petition meta color leader Mohamed Hechmi Hamdi chairperson president secretary general spokesperson founder leader1 title leader1 name slogan founded Start date 2011 03 17 dissolved End date YYYY MM DD merged successor headquarters newspaper student wing youth wing membership year membership ideology Populism position national international colors seats1 title Constituent Assembly of Tunisia Constituent Assembly seats1 Infobox political party seats 26 217 hex Popular Petition meta color symbol flag website The Popular Petition for Freedom, Justice and Development lang ar , transl ar al Ar ah ash Sha biyyah lil urriyyah wal Ad lah wat Tanmiyah , lang fr P tition populaire pour la libert , la justice et le d veloppement , short Popular Petition , Aridha Chaabia or Al Aridha is a political party in Tunisia. It was formed after the Tunisian revolution , on 17 March 2011 ... . ref Citation first Sana last Ajmi title People s Petition for Freedom, Justice and Development publisher tunisia live.net date 25 October 2011 url http www.tunisia live.net 2011 10 25 peoples petition ... name Tunisia Live citation first Emily last Parker title Aridha Chaabia, Popular Petition, Shocks ... 27 aridha chaabia popular petition shocks tunisian politics accessdate 27 October 2011 ref In the campaign ... supported the Petition s campaign. Therefore numerous complaints against Aridha Chaabia have been filed ... disqualified the Petition s lists in six constituencies with altogether eight elected candidates ... in the convention. ISIE s decision to cancel seats triggered violent protests of Popular Petition ... of lists refuse to withdraw accessdate 4 November 2011 ref Following Popular Petition s complaint before ... more details
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