Personalprotectiveequipment PPE refers to protective clothing , helmets , goggles , or other garment or equipment designed to protect the wearer s body from injury by blunt impacts, electrical hazards ... are equipment to support the personal protection of the subject. Police use handcuffs, tasers, batons and handguns as PPE. The use of personalprotectiveequipment is to reduce employee exposure to hazards ... acquired infection rate by nearly 50 through the use of disposable protective covers for blood pressure cuffs have been reported. Ballistic Main Personal armor Ballistic personalprotectiveequipment .... Blunt trauma Main Blunt trauma personalprotectiveequipment Law enforcement and Corrections ... available through high street retail outlets. PPE by body area See List of personalprotectiveequipment ... PPE Personalprotectiveequipment for arc flash Biohazard Bomb disposal Chainsaw safety clothing ... PersonalProtectiveEquipment Category Survival skills Category Safety clothing Category Headgear ... , martial arts , combat , etc. Personal armor is combat specialized protective gear. In British legislation the term PPE does not cover items such as armour. The terms protective gear and protective clothing are in many cases interchangeable protective clothing is applied to traditional categories of clothing, and gear is a more general term and preferably means uniquely protective categories ... pressure personnel suit Protectiveequipment for biological hazards includes surgical mask masks ... ProtectiveEquipment for Blunt Trauma . ref name blunt http ohs.csa.ca standards emergency Blunt ... 07 . ref name bsi http scienceandresearch.homeoffice.gov.uk hosdb publications protectiveequipment ... that has extensive expertise in respiratory protectiveequipment is the Institute of Occupational ... injuries are a concern often utilize cut and puncture resistant protective gloves, and hand held safety ..., violent disturbances, and other emergency response operations. To assure their equipment is safe ... more details
Cleanup date October 2009 split from Personalprotectiveequipment This list contains Personalprotectiveequipment sorted by body area. PPE by usage Combat Gear for defense against ballistic weapons are commonly worn by military and police officer law enforcement personnel. Shield File Police officer in riot gear.jpg thumb right U.S. police officer with a riot shield A shield is held in the hand or arm. Its purpose is to intercept attacks, either by stopping projectiles such as arrows or by glancing a blow to the side of the shield user. Shields vary greatly in size, ranging from large shields that protect the user s entire body to small shields that are mostly for use in hand to hand combat. Shields also vary a great deal in thickness whereas some shields were made of thick wooden planking, to protect soldiers from spears and crossbow bolts, other shields were thinner and designed mainly for glancing blows away such as a sword blow . In prehistory, shields were made of wood, animal hide ... . A combat helmet are among the oldest forms of personalprotectiveequipment , and are known to have ... s. Most forms of industrial clothing are protective clothing. Personalprotectiveequipment includes ... may combine a ballistic vest with other items of protective clothing, such as a combat helmet . Vests ... ref At that time, they were purely military equipment, protecting the head from cutting blows with sword ... stopping power. Some helmets also have good non ballistic protective qualities, though many do not. ref ... are employed to reduce or eliminate noxious airborne contents. PPE by body area Protective headgear ... protection Also see Blunt Trauma PPE jockstrap Athletic supporter protective cup Chestguard Chest guard ... for chainsaw workers. Steel toe boots Safety footwear & Protective footwear is footwear that comes with a protective toe cap. Full protective garments Protective suit is an umbrella term for any ... in American English Motorcycle armor Protective vest Sun protective clothing References reflist ... more details
Road Safety Jacket and Pants Clothing DEFAULTSORT Motorcycle PersonalProtectiveEquipment Category ... in a crash. The leather used is not fashion leather but protective leather which is stronger ... protective garments, localised protection may be provided by armour which by law must be CE approved ... Main Motorcycle helmet A motorcycle helmet is protective headgear used by motorcycle riders. The primary ... a crash Does not contribute to neck injuries Does not impair vision or hearing As with other protective ... are protective, then they must be CE marked. European Standard EN 13594 2002 is available ... more details
The PersonalProtectiveEquipment at Work Regulations 1992 are set of regulations created under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 which came into force in Great Britain on 1 January 1993. ref http www.legislation.gov.uk uksi 1992 2966 introduction made Legislation.gov PPE regs introductory page ref The regulations place a duty on every employer to ensure that suitable personalprotectiveequipment is provided to employees who may be exposed to a risk to their health or safety while at work. ref http www.legislation.gov.uk uksi 1992 2966 regulation 4 made Legislation.gov Provision of PPE regulation 4 ref PersonalProtectiveEquipmentPersonalProtectiveEquipment PPE is defined in the regulations as all equipment including clothing affording protection against the weather which is intended to be worn or held by a person at work which protects them against one or more risks to their health and safety . PPE would include such things as hard hats, eye protection, safety harnesses, life jackets and safety footwear. ref http www.healthyworkinglives.com advice minimising workplace risks ppe.aspx what Healthy working lives What is PPE? ref The regulations however do no apply where requirements for PPE are detailed in other regulations, these include the Control of Lead at Work Regulations 2002, Ionising Radiations Regulations 1999 Control of Asbestos Regulations 2006 COSHH Control ... to provide PersonalProtectiveEquipment? ref Other requirements The Regulations also impose requirements with respect to compatibility of items of personalprotectiveequipment where it is necessary ... to the choice of personalprotectiveequipment. the maintenance including replacement and cleaning as appropriate of personalprotectiveequipment. the provision of accommodation for personalprotectiveequipment. the provision of information, instruction and training. ensuring personalprotectiveequipment is used. ref http www.legislation.gov.uk uksi 1992 2966 note made Legislation.gov ... more details
to the aforementioned basics. Football protectiveequipment is made of synthetic materials foam rubber s, Elastomer elastics , and durable, shock resistant, molded plastic . Football protectiveequipment has remained consistent in use for decades with some slight modifications made over the years in design and materials. The assignment and maintenance of football gear belongs to the team equipment ... football concepts DEFAULTSORT American Football ProtectiveEquipment Category American football equipment Category Protective gear ru ...Multiple issues refimprove August 2008 cleanup August 2008 rewrite August 2008 American football protectiveequipment football gear consists of equipment worn by football players for the protection of the body ... category American football equipment Helmet Main Football helmet File 20090905 Kevin Grady.jpg thumb ... tackle variations such as flag football. Although they are protective, players can and do still suffer ... player s body type and injuries. At the discretion of the player, team physician, or equipment ... from injury. Pop warner youth football players may be required to wear a protective cup. However ... is the one piece of equipment used in football that predates the sport itself. In 1874, Charles ... of the earliest pieces of protective football gear known. Today, hip and tailbone pads are made .... Equipment management The role of an equipment manager has become an important one for football teams. The equipment manager has two main areas of responsibility first, fitting each player on the team with a customized array of equipment that will provide maximum protection against injury, and, secondly, being responsible for the logistics of handling many pieces of equipment on a daily basis keeping it repaired and in stock, and moving the equipment for road games. References references ... Equipment Long, Howie, and Czarnecki, John. Football for Dummies . For Dummies 2nded., 1984. ISBN ... more details
Personal Load Carrying Equipment PLCE is the current tactical webbing Military webbing system of the British Army . It consists of a belt, yoke shoulder harness and a number of pouches. Associated with PLCE webbing is a series of other similar load carrying equipment and rucksacks See Components . The purpose of PLCE is to hold everything a soldier needs to operate for 48 hours. This includes ammunition weapon ancillaries, entrenching tool , bayonet , food and water and a means to cook , Weapons of mass destruction NBC Nuclear, Biological, Chemical protection and communications equipment. Soldiers will also often carry other items such as waterproof clothing and spare socks. The system was also adopted by the Danish Army in M84 camouflage and the Irish Army in Olive Green. The Irish Army reserve currently use the 90 Pattern Olive Green PLCE. The Permanent Defence Force now use the ILPCS combat vest in Irish DPM. Many other countries use similar systems. History PLCE replaced 58 Pattern ... duration. Combat Order is assault order with the means of stowage for rations and personalequipment ... equipmentpersonal 1455.aspx PLCE on the British Army Official Site http www.arrse.co.uk wiki PLCE ... Air Cadets See Also Battaleur 90 , South African equivalent Category British Army equipment Category Personal military carrying equipment Category Luggage es Equipo Personal de Transporte de ... M67 and later All purpose Lightweight Individual Carrying Equipment ALICE type webbing during the Vietnam ... made of butyl laminate. This was never generally issued, but was a Troop Trials Equipment. Developments ... 8465 99 132 1559 Personal Role Radio Pouch NSN 8465 99 978 7651 Pistol Holster and shoulder strap ... with Under slung Grenade Launcher UGL Strap, Utility, IRR NSN 8465 99 132 1566 Tactical Equipment ... water bottle pouches, two general pouches and two dump pockets. Load Carrying Equipment Patrol Pack ... issued to troops on operations. Assault Vest A new issue piece of equipment designed for carrying ... more details
See Equipment disambiguation Ancient Rome Roman military personalequipment was produced in large numbers to established patterns and used in an established way. These standard patterns and uses were called the res militaris or disciplina . Its regular practice during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire ... Equipment The Later Empire , p. 56 ref Personal Weapons Pugio Main Pugio Image Pugio 175 aC.jpg thumb ... Roman Military PersonalEquipment Category Ancient Roman military equipment es Equipo personal ... equipment especially armor gave them a distinct advantage over their barbarian enemies. ref Elton ... soldier had better equipment than the richer men among his opponents. According to Edward Luttwak , Roman equipment was not of a better quality than that used by the majority of its adversaries. ref ... Initially they used weapons based on Greek and Etruscan military history Equipment Etruscan types. On encountering the Celts they based new varieties on Celtic equipment. To defeat the Ancient Carthage ..., but the equipment and its use were never individual. Overview of infantry Image Roman legion at attack.jpg ... Militari , describes the equipment he believed had been used by heavy and light infantry earlier in the empire ... by Ancient Rome Roman soldiers. It was probably a sidearm. Like other items of legionary equipment ... from carrying javelins to carrying spears. ref Stephenson, I.P., 2001, Roman Infantry Equipment ... Equipment From the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome , Oxbow Books, pp. 82 83, 130, 154 157 & 202 ... were made from broken spathae . ref Stephenson, I.P., 2001, Roman Infantry Equipment The Later Empire , Tempus, p. 79. ref ref M.C. Bishop & J.C.N. Coulston, 2006, Roman Military Equipment From the Punic ... archers was the classic composite bow , ref Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall ... basic foot soldiers had to carry the food in a sarcina or pack. Cooking equipment Including a patera ... history of the Roman military External links For images of authentic Roman military equipment see ... more details
wiktionary Personalpersonal personally Personal may refer to Hygiene Personal hygiene Personal hygiene Personal identity philosophy Personal web page Personal may also refer to Personal advertisement , an ad, like a classified ad, generally meant to find romance or friendship Telecom Personal , a mobile phone company in Argentina and Paraguay Personal album Personal album , the debut album by R&B group Men of Vizion Personal , the first album from singer songwriter Quique Gonz lez , and the title song The Personals 1998 American film The Personals 1998 American film , a 1998 short film The Personals 1998 Taiwanese film The Personals 1998 Taiwanese film , a 1998 Taiwanese film The Personal Insurance Company , a Canadian based group car insurance and home insurance company See also Person Personality psychology Personalization disambiguation es Personal id Personal it Personale pt Personal ... more details
Protective custody is a type of imprisonment or care to protect a prisoner or other person from harm, either from outside sources or other prisoners. ref cite book last Henderson, Phillips first James D., Richard L. title Protective Custody Management in Adult Correctional Facilities year 1991 publisher The National Institute of Corrections isbn 0 929310 40 3 ref Many administrators believe the level of violence, or the underlying threat of violence within prisoners, is a chief factor causing the need for PC units. This factor was cited by Anderson 1980 and Vantour 1979 , with the following broad elements noted as contributing to the problem. Prisoners have the opportunity to request protective ... being. Their request may be granted if the officials rule that the prisoner is truly at risk. Protective ... , but usually protective custody involves some degree of solitary confinement . For people ... of the prison may be sufficient. ref cite web last Turner first Julia title How Protective is Protective ... Early uses of protective custody started in the 1960s law enforcement but it was used infrequently ..., who was facing the death penalty, agreed to testify in return for personal protection. He was held ... number of convictions. ref cite web title protective custody url http legal dictionary.thefreedictionary.com protective custody ref In return for assistance from these participants, the witness and family ..., jewelry, and other items. In a prison context, protective custody is used mainly in the following ... . ref http www.arap.so36.net lgt news dt TGjail.html LGBTjail0104 Part four The myth of protective ... is linked from Gestapo Protective custody does not necessarily imply a prisoner or a prison ... frmPublications epcinforpak 114200430207.pdf Emergency Protective Custody Checklist for Law ... criminals or defendant s in pending trials have also been placed in protective custody in a prison ... ref References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Protective Custody Category Imprisonment and detention als Schutzhaft ... more details
Medical Protective is an United States American liability insurance company for physician s and dentist s. Medical Protective traces its roots back to a predecessor company, the Physicians Guarantee Company ... Protective Company and in 1913, Medical Protective acquired Physicians Defense Company. ref Medical Protective Takes over Physicians Defense , The Fort Wayne Daily News, November 15, 1913 ref Byron Somers and by his descendants ran Medical Protective until 1998 when General Electric purchased ... name midwest cite news title Berkshire Hathaway and GE Complete Medical Protective Transaction url ... over 2 billion. ref name midwest Its products are Underwriting underwritten by the Medical Protective ... on the board of directors. 1907 Medical Protective is founded by Byron H. Somers and Charles M. Niezer and offers pre paid legal defense coverage to healthcare providers. 1910 Medical Protective expands expands coverage to include indemnity coverage. Medical Protective offers medical professional ... Protective 1920s Byron H. Somers leads Medical Protective and the company becomes the largest insurer of healthcare providers in 17 states. 1930s Medical Protective introduces a much broader coverage ..., named Brief on Malpractice Law. 1940s Medical Protective defends well over 50,000 claims ... Always with a vision towards the future of healthcare, Medical Protective begins insuring residents and interns during their training. 1960s Medical Protective begins to expand coverage and increase limits and continues its national leadership position. 1970s Medical Protective is one of the few ... Protective continues to offer occurrence coverage and to award claim free credits for policyholders without losses. 1990s Focusing on the continuum of care, Medical Protective begins to insure small and community based hospitals. 1998 General Electric purchases Medical Protective and expands coverage countrywide. 2001 Recognizing technology advancements, Medical Protective offers online risk management ... more details
The protective index is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes the therapeutic effect to the amount that causes toxicity. Quantitatively, it is the ratio given by the toxic dose divided by the therapeutic dose. A protective index is the toxic dose of a drug for 50 of the population TD50 TD sub 50 sub divided by the minimum effective dose for 50 of the population ED 50 ED sub 50 sub . A high protective index is preferable to a low one this corresponds to a situation in which one would have to take a much higher dose of a drug to reach the toxic threshold than the dose taken to elicit the therapeutic effect. A drug should ordinarily only be administered if the protective index is greater than one, indicating that the benefit outweighs the risk. math mbox Protective index frac mathrm TD 50 mathrm ED 50 math The protective index is similar to the therapeutic index , but concerns toxicity TD50 TD sub 50 sub rather than lethality LD50 thus, the protective index is a smaller ratio. Toxicity can take many forms, as drugs typically have multiple side effects of varying severity, so a specific criterion of toxicity must be specified for the protective index to be meaningful. Ideally a choice is made such that the harm caused by the toxicity just outweighs the benefit of the drug s effect. Thus, the protective index is a more accurate measure of the benefit to risk ratio than the therapeutic index, but is less objectively defined. Nevertheless, the therapeutic index can be viewed as an upper bound to the protective index for a given substance. Pharmacology Category Pharmacology pharma stub ... more details
unreferenced date November 2011 Infobox Company company name Protective Life Corporation company logo Image Protective logo.jpg company type Public company Public NYSE PL company slogan Doing the right thing is smart business. foundation 1907 location Birmingham, Alabama Birmingham , Alabama , USA key people John D. Johns, President and Chief Executive Officer br Richard J. Bielen, Chief Financial Officer br Carolyn M. Johnson, Chief Operating Officer industry Insurance & Finance products Life Insurance revenue profit 3.06 billion United States dollar USD 2009 operating income profit 416 million United States dollar USD 2009 net income profit 271 million United States dollar USD 2009 assets 42 billion USD 2009 num employees 2,302 2009 homepage http www.protective.com www.protective.com Protective Life Corporation , headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama Birmingham , Alabama , is a Fortune 1000 holding company whose subsidiaries provide financial services through the production, distribution, and administration of insurance and investment products. Protective Life Insurance Company was founded in 1907 by former Alabama Governor William Dorsey Jelks in Birmingham, Alabama Birmingham . From around 1920 to 1940, Protective Life pursued a rapid expansion policy. When William J. Rushton, III assumed the role of CEO in 1969, Protective Life was already a regional provider throughout large portions of the South . In an attempt to grow the company, William J. Rushton, III pushed for an ambitious plan to introduce Protective Life into all 50 U.S. states. Today, the 100 year old company is one of the USA s leading providers of life insurance . cn date November 2011 As of 2009, Protective ... our values our heritage.aspx title Protective Life Our Heritage and Values ref Protective Life is also ... Coast Life . The company has its headquarters in Birmingham along with its Protective brokerage office ... links http www.protective.com Protective Life s Website http www.etermlifeinsurance.net term life companies ... more details
unreferenced date March 2010 Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Wills, trusts, estates The Protective Trust is a form of settlement found in England and Wales and several Commonwealth of Nations Commonwealth countries. It has marked similarities to asset protection trusts found in several offshore jurisdictions and US Spendthrift trust s. In such a trust assets are ordinarily held to pay an income to the beneficiary trust beneficiary . The beneficiary may also have access to capital of the trust with the trustee s permission. The right to receive income from a trust would ordinarily be an asset in the hands of the beneficiary and could be sold, thwarting the intention of the donor to spread the gift over the recipient s lifetime. Additionally on a bankruptcy the right to the income would be sold by the beneficiary s trustee in bankruptcy. To give protection to beneficiaries, a protective trust automatically converts into a discretionary trust , under which the beneficiary has no right to the income, if he or she does anything which breaches a condition specified in the document creating the trust. The establishment of this discretionary trust is ordinarily exempt from the charge to UK inheritance tax on the establishment of discretionary trusts. Such protective trusts have a longstanding history. To reduce the verbose definitions that had previously to be recited in the establishing documents of a protective trust, in England and Wales s33 of the Trustee Act 1925 and equivalent legislation in other jurisdictions provides that this protection will arise in any trust described as a protective trust in its trust deed. Protective trusts are subject to challenge under creditor protection legislation as are any other forms of asset protection. However many jurisdictions do not permit a trust to be broken where a debtor who remains a discretionary beneficiary only .... See also Asset protection DEFAULTSORT Protective Trust Category Wills and trusts UK law stub ... more details
orphan date May 2008 Protective sequestration is a public health term that refers to measures taken to protect a small, defined, and still healthy population from an epidemic or pandemic before the infection reaches that population. Given the extraordinary nature of these measures, they should be considered, if at all, only under exceptional circumstances 1 implementation is feasible, 2 the measures can be enforced, and voluntary compliance of the sequestered population is highly likely, and 3 the sequestered population and or the work they perform merits this effort and justifies the use of these measures. The term protective sequestration was coined by Howard Markel and his colleagues, in their paper that described the successes and failures of several communities in the United States in their attempts to shield themselves from the 1918 1920 so called Spanish Influenza pandemic during the second wave of that pandemic September December 1918 . ref See Howard Markel, Alexandra M. Stern, J. Alexander Navarro, Joseph R. Michalsen, Arnold S. Monto, and Cleto DiGiovanni, Jr., Nonpharmaceutical Influenza Mitigation Strategies, US Communities, 1918 1920 Pandemic, Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol. 12, no. 12 December 2006 available at http www.cdc.gov ncidod eid vol12no12 06 0506.htm. ref The term protective sequestration avoids the use of the word quarantine, which, in public health, refers to the voluntary or enforced detention of a person who, because of actual or possible contact with a person carrying an infectious agent, may have acquired that agent and be capable of passing ... that contributed to the rare successes of protective sequestration were the following. First, the community ... protective measures early before neighboring communities did . Second, taking advantage of the community .... Fifth, protective sequestration measures remained in effect for the duration of the risk. An advantage of protective sequestration is that it shields selected people from infection and possibly ... more details
see also Power system protection refimprove date September 2010 In electrical engineering , a protective relay is a complex electromechanical apparatus, often with more than one coil, designed to calculate operating conditions on an electrical circuit and trip circuit breakers when a fault is detected. Unlike switching type relay s with fixed and usually ill defined operating voltage thresholds and operating times, protective relays have well established, selectable, time current or other operating parameter curves. Such relays may be elaborate, using arrays of induction disks, shaded pole magnets .... The various protective functions available on a given relay are denoted by standard ANSI Device Numbers . For example, a relay including function 51 would be a timed overcurrent protective relay. File Protective Relays Hydroelectric Station.JPG thumb right Electromechanical protective relays at a hydroelectric generating plant Design and theory of these protective devices is an important part of the education ... are nearly entirely replaced with microprocessor based digital protective relay s numerical ... over the world. Operation principles Electromechanical protective relays operate by either magnetic ... force is produced. ref name GEC97 Protective Relays Application Guide 3rd Edition , GEC Alsthom Measurements Ltd. 1987, no ISBN, pages 9 10, 83 93 ref Protective relays can also be classified by the type of measurement they make. A protective relay may respond to the magnitude of a quantity ... name GEC97 Types Overcurrent relay An overcurrent relay is a type of protective relay which operates ... to protective relays was described as early as 1928, using vacuum tube amplifiers. Devices using ..., long life and low maintenance. Digital protective relays Main Digital protective relay The functions ... protective relays, sometimes called numeric relays . File Protective relay.jpg thumb right A microprocessor ... instruments References references C. Russel Mason, The Art and Science of Protective Relaying , General ... more details
Protective signs are symbols to be used during an War armed conflict to mark persons and objects under the protection of various treaties of International Humanitarian Law IHL . While their essential meaning can be summarized as Don t shoot or Don t attack , the exact conditions implied vary depending on the respective sign and the circumstances of its use. The form, shape and color of these signs are defined by the rules of IHL. Usually, they are easy to draw in order to make even an improvised use as easy as possible, and they were chosen to be as concise, recognizable and visible as possible under all circumstances. Usage of protective signs is restricted to armed conflicts. They are to be used only by eligible organizations or groups to mark their personnel, vehicles, buildings and other objects. The misuse of protective signs is a violation of International Humanitarian Law and punishable under the national law of all countries who are state parties to the respective treaties. List of protective signs The following signs have a protective meaning under certain conditions the Red Cross ref name GC1 Defined in article 38 of the Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field August 12, 1949 ref and the equivalent signs of the Red Crescent, ref name GC1 the Red Lion with Sun ref name GC1 and the Red Crystal ref name ZP3 Defined in article 2 of the Protocol additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Adoption of an Additional Distinctive Emblem Protocol III , 8 December 2005 ref to be used to mark all persons and objects under the protection of the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their additional protocols of 1977 see emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement ... Pact is still a valid protective sign in the relations between states which are bound by the Washington ..., this symbol is still recognized as a protective sign with equal status to the Red Cross, Red Crescent ... more details
Refimprove article date May 2010 Protective laws were Coming into force enacted to protect Woman women from certain hazards or difficulties of paid work. These Law laws had the effect of reducing the employment available to women, saving it for men. These were enacted in many United States U.S. jurisdictions and some were in effect until the mid or late 20th century. The name is not a formal one, but is a widely used colloquial term, as was the term protective legislation . ref Stansell, Christine, The Feminist Promise 1792 to the Present N.Y. Modern Library, 1st ed. 2010 ISBN 978 0 679 64314 2 , p. 197 protective legislation as term . ref Feminism sidebar expanded all Labor Range of laws Over a thousand laws affected work hours, wages, occupational choice, mandatory seating, homework, and rights to do business and make contracts. ref name JaneGrant Confession pp688690 Grant, Jane, Confession of a Feminist , in The American Mercury , vol. LVII, no. 240, Dec., 1943, pp. 684 691, esp. pp. 688 690. ref Specifically, various laws required a history of the minimum wage minimum wage for women and children ref name GreedLustGender p276andn37 Folbre, Nancy, Greed, Lust and Gender A History of Economic Ideas Oxford Oxford Univ. Press, 2009 ISBN 978 0 19 923842 2 , p. 276 & n. 37 author prof. economics, Univ. of Mass. Amherst . ref criticized because women allegedly didn t need the money, the minimum wage was opposed for men and ruled unlawful in 1923 ref name GreedLustGender p276andn37 and forbade or regulated lifting heavy loads, working at night or for long hours, or tending Bar establishment ... female only protective laws as against women s interests. ref Stansell, Christine, The Feminist ... genders, such as the Occupational Safety and Health Act . An argument for protective laws still ... advocated for protective legislation. ref Badran, Margot, Feminism in Islam Secular and Religious .... DEFAULTSORT Protective Laws Category History of women s rights in the United States Category Feminism ... more details
Protective autoimmunity is a condition in which cells of the adaptive immune system contribute to maintenance of the functional integrity of a tissue, or facilitate its repair following an insult. The term protective autoimmunity was coined by Prof. Michal Schwartz of the Weizmann Institute of Science Israel , whose pioneering studies were the first to demonstrate that autoimmune T lymphocytes can have a beneficial role in repair, following an injury to the central nervous system CNS . Most of the studies on the phenomenon of protective autoimmunity were conducted in experimental settings of various CNS pathologies and thus reside within the scientific discipline of neuroimmunology . Background The adaptive immune system primarily consists of T and B cells lymphocyte s , which can respond to specific antigen s and subsequently acquire an immunological memory. The activity of adaptive immunity is critically important for host defense against pathogens. Cells of the adaptive immunity that respond to self antigens are termed autoimmune cells . Autoimmunity , the activity of autoimmune cells, is generally considered in the context of an autoimmune disease a pathological condition induced by an overwhelming activity of autoimmune cells. One of the hallmarks of immunity is the ability to transfer ... work by the Schwartz group has shown that protective autoimmunity is a naturally occurring physiological ... first E. authorlink coauthors et al. year 2001 month title Protective autoimmunity is a physiological ... them cytotoxic whereas IFN gamma and IL 4 render them protective journal Mol Cell Neurosci volume ... protective autoimmunity maintains the brain s functional integrity under non injurious conditions ..., an initially protective autoimmune response can reach a tipping point, after which it will have a detrimental ..., or at a single site at the injured spinal cord. Therapeutic implications The concept of protective ... as a damaging factor. Skepticism towards protective autoimmunity has been further fueled ... more details
Equipment may refer to multicol Tool s Camping List of common equipment Camping equipment Military technology Military equipment Roman military personalequipment Sports equipment Heavy equipment construction Heavy equipment Passenger car rail Self propelled passenger equipment Self propelled passenger equipment Medical equipment Diving equipment Materiel Rock climbing equipment multicol break Vox musical equipment Laboratory equipment Golf equipment Horse tack Electrical equipment Scuba set Machine Capital equipment Audio equipment Scientific instrument s Rolling stock multicol break Paintball equipment Cricket clothing and equipmentEquipment Cricket equipment Ice hockey equipmentEquipment used by regular players Ice hockey equipment Agricultural machinery Agricultural equipment List of agricultural machinery List of agricultural equipment Emergency vehicle equipment Office supplies Office equipment Scribe equipment hieroglyph Personalprotectiveequipment Fire apparatus multicol end disamb ... more details
and badminton . A different type of net is used for various forms of fishing . ProtectiveEquipmentProtectiveequipment is often worn for sports including motor sport and contact sport s, such as ice ... or other objects. Protectiveequipment includes Football helmet Jock strap Mouthguard s Shin ... col 2 Category Sports equipment various sports Kit association football Association football clothing and equipment Baseball clothing and equipment Climbing equipment Cricket equipment col 2 Golf equipment Ice hockey equipment Snowboarding equipment Triathlon equipment col end See also Outdoor gym Protectiveequipment Sport DEFAULTSORT Sports Equipment Category Sports equipment Sport stub de Sportst tte ...Unreferenced date December 2009 See Equipment disambiguation File Wilson American football.jpg thumb 250 px 1990 2005 style official NFL ball File Football Pallo valmiina cropped.jpg thumb right Adidas Telstar style ball, with the familiar black and white truncated icosahedron pattern. Sports equipment is a general term for any object used for sport or exercise . Examples of sports equipment include Balls Balls are used for ball game s, including football ball football s. Exercise equipment Examples for exercise include swiss ball s, barbells weights , equipment for the Health club gym . Also protectiveequipment such as weight lifting belt s and bench shirt s for weight training and powerlifting . Flying Discs Flying discs are used for games such as disc golf and ultimate sport ultimate . Footwear File Cleats.jpg thumb 200px Cleats Footwear for sports includes Boards for surfing , skateboarding , wakeboarding and snowboarding Skates for sports like roller skating , ice skating Ski s for skiing and water skiing Football boot s Cricket spikes Golf shoes Track cleats Soccer cleats Goals File Football goal 20050521.jpg thumb 240px A soccer goal In many games, Goal sport goals are at each ... for golf Golf club equipment Golf club Vehicles Vehicles sometimes specialised are used as equipment ... more details
unreferenced date June 2007 Adaptive equipment are tool device s that are used to assist with completing activities of daily living . Bathing , dressing, Personal grooming grooming , toileting, and feeding are self care activities that are including in the spectrum of activities of daily living ADLs . Jennifer McLaughlin Maly a P.T. D.P.T. in her article located in the journal Exceptional Parent gives a more complete definition of adapative equipment Typically, a piece of adaptive equipment is utilized to increase a child s function. Examples of adaptive equipment or assistive technology are wheelchairs, lifts, standing frames, gait trainers, augmentative communication devices, bath chairs, and recreational items such as swings or tricycles. ref McLaughlin Maly, J. 2007 . My child needs a piece of adaptive equipment Now what? Well it depends The Exceptional Parent, 11 37 , 46 47 ref A growing market for adaptive equipment is in the use of mobility vans. In this case, adaptive equipment, also known as assistive technology, can help a person with a disability operate a motor vehicle when otherwise they would not be able to. ref http www.clockmobility.com assistive technology Adaptive Equipment ref References Reflist Category Tools disability stub ... more details
unreferenced date June 2011 Webbing is used to make military belts, packs and pouches, and by extension also refers to the items themselves. The British Army adopted cotton webbing to replace leather after the Second Boer War although leather belts are still worn in more formal dress. The term is still used for a soldier s combat equipment, although cotton webbing has since been replaced with more advanced materials. The webbing system used by the British Army today is known as Personal Load Carrying Equipment . Webbing is designed to be light enough to carry the vital things needed in battle and for outdoor survival. It is made so that if the rucksack bergen is lost or abandoned, the soldier can survive on emergency rations carried in the webbing for up to 24 hours, although this can be extended if supplies are rationed. Typical contents of webbing include cooking equipment, 24 hours worth of rations, ammunition, first aid or survival supplies and sheltering equipment. Most webbing systems incorporate a degree of modular construction consisting of a yoke a type of shoulder harness , a belt and a variety of pouches specific to different tasks, for example pouches designed to carry ammunition magazines may have dividers or special waterproofing. Different combinations of pouches can be used to customise webbing to better suit the mission it is needed for. Generally it is unusual for western armies to fight with a bergen and so prior to an anticipated battle the bergen is usually stowed away from the forward edge of the battle area and webbing is used as the immediate load bearing equipment instead. Webbing belts are also used frequently by modern cadet and scout groups, as well as police and security forces. Category Personal military carrying equipment ... more details
Caving equipment is equipment used by Caving cavers and Speleology speleologists to aid and protect them while exploring caves . The term may also be used to refer to equipment used to document caves, such as photographic and surveying equipment. Due to the greatly varying conditions of caves throughout the world there is a multitude of different equipment types and categories. Cavers exploring a largely dry system may wear a fleece one piece undersuit with a protective oversuit while cavers exploring a very wet cave may opt to use wetsuits . Cavers in large dry systems in the tropics and in desert climates may simply opt to wear shorts and a T shirt History The earliest cavers in Europe and North Americawere limited in their explorations by a lack of suitable equipment. Explorers of the early ... long flooded sections, such as the Marble Arch Cave in Northern Ireland . His expeditionary equipment ... of specialist caving equipment companies, such as Petzl , which made equipment specifically for cavers. Previously, cavers adapted equipment from other sources, such as using miners helmets and electric lamps, or made their own equipment. Caving equipment made today conforms to high safety standards, decreasing the amount of injuries and fatalities experienced by cavers. Protective clothing ... undersuits are also used. Abrasive protection Cavers commonly wear protective oversuits, similar to boiler ... used in caving can also be used as climbing helmets. Vertical equipment Many caves have shafts or drops ... obstacles. Standard Equipment Climbing harness These are static and more abrasion resistant ... Knives are used as safety equipment to cut ropes, cut hair caught in descenders etc. Whistle On long ... equipment Main Cave survey Cave surveying is a specialist activity undertaken within caving to produce maps of caves. The type of equipment used depends on the intended accuracy of the survey ... equipment ... more details
which has fully articulated, rotary joints in the arms and legs. gallery Personal diving equipment This is the diving equipment worn by or carried by the diver for personal protection or comfort, or to facilitate ... phone gallery gallery Surface detection aids The purposes of this class of personalequipment are to allow ...See Equipment disambiguation Infobox diving equipment name Diving equipment image Commercial diving equipment at Eudi Show 2006 adventurediving.it.jpg caption Surface supplied commercial diving equipment on display at a trade show Diving equipment is equipment used by Underwater diving underwater divers for the purpose of facilitating diving activities. This may be equipment primarily intended for this purpose, or equipment intended for other puprposes which is found to be suitable for diving use. Equipment which is used for underwater work or other activities which is not directly related to the activity ... is excluded. The fundamental item of diving equipment used by divers is underwater breathing apparatus , such as Scuba sets scuba equipment , and surface supplied diving equipment, but there are other important pieces of equipment that make diving safer, more convenient or more efficient. Classes ... under pressure in a underwater habitat or Saturation diving Equipment saturation spread between underwater ... apparatus Scuba equipment Primary Diving cylinder cylinder s and open circuit Diving regulator regulator ... diving decompression cylinders and their associated regulators. Surface supplied equipment ... propulsion Equipment for dive monitoring and navigation Depth gauge lets the diver monitor ... equipment. Diving helmet s are often used with surface supplied diving . They provide the same benefits ... equipment Diver s safety harness Lifeline Surface marker buoy Cutting tool Knife to cut lines, nets or to pry or dig. Can also be used for personal protection against underwater predators if needed ... scuba diver s net cutter. 7 inches long gallery gallery Personal tools and accessories Camera ... more details
unreferenced date July 2011 See Equipment disambiguation Image Lab bench.jpg thumb Modern biochemistry laboratory showing a fume cupboard , heated water bath, and glassware Laboratory equipment refers to the various tools and equipment used by scientists working in a laboratory . These include tools such as Bunsen burner s, and microscope s as well as speciality equipment such as operant conditioning chamber s, spectrophotometer s and calorimeter s. Another important type of laboratory equipment is laboratory glassware such as the Beaker glassware beaker or reagent bottle . Laboratory equipment is generally used to either perform an experiment or to take measurement s and gather data . Larger or more sophisticated equipment is generally called a scientific instrument . Commons category Laboratory equipment Laboratory equipment DEFAULTSORT Laboratory Equipment Category Laboratory equipment sci stub ar ca Material de laboratori de Laborger t el es Equipamiento de laboratorio fa fr quipement de laboratoire it Laboratorio chimico ja nn Laboratorieutstyr pl Sprz t laboratoryjny pt Material de laborat rio ro Echipament de laborator ru simple Laboratory equipment sl Laboratorijska oprema sr sh Kemijsko posu e i pribor ta uk zh ... more details
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