- Patpatar?Tolai languages
Infobox language family name Patpatar Tolai region New Ireland island New Ireland familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Meso Melanesian languages Meso Melanesian ? fam5 New Ireland languages New Ireland The dozen Patpatar Tolai languages are a group of New Ireland languages spoken on the island of New Ireland island New Ireland in Papua New Guinea . Components A 2008 analysis of the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database ref http language.psy.auckland.ac.nz austronesian research.php Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database ref found that Minigir, of the Mono Uruava languages , is closer to Kuanua than Kuanua is to the other Patpatar Tolai languages. The Mono Uruava languages will therefore be included here, though the other languages were not evaluated. Siar Lak language Siar Lak Patpatar Minigir Patpatar language Patpatar Kuanua Minigir Kuanua language Kuanua Minigir language Minigir Lunga Lunga, of the Mono Uruava languages The other Mono Uruava languages are Mono language Solomon Islands Mono , Torau language Torau , and Uruava language Uruava . The other traditional Patpatar Tolai languages are Guramalum language Guramalum , Konomala language Konomala , Kandas language Kandas , Label language Label , Ramoaaina language Ramoaaina , Sursurunga language Sursurunga , and Tangga language Tangga . References Reflist Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Meso Melanesian languages au lang stub ... more details
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- Patpatar language
Infobox Language name Patpatar nativename Gelik familycolor Austronesian states Papua New Guinea region New Ireland Province New Ireland Province speakers 7,000 fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Meso Melanesian languages Meso Melanesian ? fam5 New Ireland languages New Ireland fam6 Patpatar Tolai languages Patpatar Tolai dia1 Pala dia2 Sokirik iso3 gfk Patpatar is an Austronesian language spoken in New Ireland Province in Papua New Guinea . DEFAULTSORT Patpatar Language Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Languages of New Ireland Province Category Meso Melanesian languages Au lang stub fr Patpatar ... more details
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- Tolai language
date August 2011 meaning The place over there . Unlike many languages in Papua New Guinea, Tolai is a healthy language and not in danger of dying out to Tok Pisin , although even Tolai suffers from ...Instructions for the language info box are at Template talk Language Infobox language name Tolai nativename ... Province speakers 61,000 date 1991 speakers2 20,000 Second language L2 speakers ethnicity Tolai people Tolai familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Meso Melanesian languages Meso Melanesian ? fam5 New Ireland languages New Ireland fam6 Patpatar Tolai languages Patpatar Tolai iso3 ksd The Tolai language , or Kuanua , is spoken by the Tolai people of Papua New Guinea , who live on the Gazelle Peninsula in East New Britain Province. This language is often referred to in the literature as Tolai . However, Tolai is actually ... of East New Britain Kokopo and Rabaul . Tolai is unique in that it has lost the phoneme s , though it is still in use in the closely related languages spoken in South New Ireland island New Ireland . There the word for sun is kesakese . This has been reduced to keake in Tolai. However, with numerous loanwords from English and Tok Pisin having found a permanent home in Tolai, s is gaining acceptance in the language. Classification Tolai belongs to the Oceanic languages Oceanic branch of the Austronesian languages Austronesian language family . The most immediate subgroup is the Patpatar Tolai group of languages which also includes Minigir also spoken on the Gazelle Peninsula and Patpatar spoken on New Ireland island New Ireland . Geographic distribution Tolai is spoken on the Gazelle Peninsula in the East New Britain Province of Papua New Guinea. Derived languages Tolai is said to be one of the major substratum languages of Tok Pisin. Some common Tok Pisin vocabulary items that likely come from Tolai or a closely related language include aibika from ibika Hisbiscus manihot br buai ... more details
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- Tolai Hare
Taxobox image Lepus tolai Baikonur 01.jpg status LR lc status system IUCN2.3 name Tolai Hare regnum Animal ia phylum Chordate Chordata classis Mammalia ordo Lagomorpha familia Leporidae genus Hare Lepus subgenus Hare Proeulagus species L. tolai binomial Lepus tolai binomial authority Pallas, 1778 range map Tolai Hare area.png range map caption Tolai Hare range The Tolai Hare Lepus tolai is a species of hare found in Central Asia , Mongolia , and Northern China Northern and Central China . It inhabits semi desert , steppe s, rocky habitats, and forest meadows. It is relatively common, even in areas with heavy human disturbance, due to its fast reproductive rate. File Lepus tolai Baikonur 03.jpg thumb left 180px Young Tolai Hare Reference http www.iucnredlist.org apps redlist details 41308 0 IUCN Red List Lepus tolai CommonsCat Lepus tolai Lagomorpha L. Category Lepus lagomorph stub ca Llebre de Tolai es Lepus tolai eu Lepus tolai it Lepus tolai kk mrj mt Liebru ta Tolai ms Lepus tolai mhr pt Lepus tolai ru ... more details
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- Tolai people
The Tolai are the indigenous people of the Gazelle Peninsula and the Duke of York Islands of East New Britain in the Islands Region New Guinea Islands region of Papua New Guinea . They are ethnically close kin to the peoples of adjacent New Ireland island New Ireland and are thought to have migrated to the Gazelle Peninsula in relatively recent times, displacing the Baining people who were driven westwards. The majority of Tolais speak Kuanua as their first language 100,000 . Two other languages are also spoken as first languages Minigir and Bilur , each with approximately 2,000 speakers. The Tolais almost universally define themselves as Christianity Christian and are predominantly Roman Catholic and United Church in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands United Church . Christianity was introduced to the island when Methodist ministers and teachers from Fiji arrived in the New Guinea islands region in 1875. However, in 1878 when some of the tribespeople ate 4 of the missionaries, the England Englishman who led the missionaries, George Brown, directed and took part in a punitive expedition that resulted in a number of Tolais being killed and several villages burnt down. In August 2007, the descendants of Tolai tribespeople who ate a Fijian minister and 3 Fijian teachers in 1878 publicly apologized for the incident to Fiji s High Commissioner, Ratu Isoa Tikoca. The apology was accepted. At the event, Papua New Guinea s Governor General Paulias Matane told the crowd he appreciated the work of the early Fijian missionaries in spreading Christianity in the islands region. http www.news.com.au dailytelegraph story 0,22049,22254565 5006506,00.html Notwithstanding the Christianization ... and even today, if a Tolai boy and a Tolai girl from the same moiety fall in love, their only ... and his galochas . Category Ethnic groups in Papua New Guinea Unreferenced date September 2007 de Tolai es Tol i fr Tolai ... more details
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- Oceanic languages
fam2 Paiwanic languages Paiwanic ? fam3 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian MP fam4 Nuclear Malayo Polynesian languages Nuclear MP fam5 Central Eastern Malayo Polynesian languages Central Eastern protoname Proto Oceanic language Proto Oceanic child1 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic child2 Admiralty Island languages Admiralty Islands child3 Meso Melanesian languages Meso Melanesian ? child4 Temotu languages Temotu child5 Southern Oceanic languages Southern Oceanic child6 Central Pacific languages Central Pacific child7 Micronesian languages Micronesian map Oceanic languages.svg ... Polynesian The black ovals at the northwestern limit of Micronesian are the Sunda Sulawesi languages Palauan and Chamorro language Chamorro . The black circles in with the green are offshore Papuan languages. The approximately 450 Oceanic languages are a well established family of Austronesian languages . The area occupied by speakers of these languages includes Polynesia as well as much of Melanesia and Micronesia . Though covering a vast area, Oceanic languages are spoken by only two million people. The largest individual Oceanic languages are Samoan language Samoan , with an estimated 370,000 ... Fijian language Western Fijian and Kuanua language Kuanua Tolai each have over 100,000 speakers. The protolanguage common ancestor which is reconstructed for this group of languages is called Proto Oceanic language Proto Oceanic abbr. POc . Classification The Oceanic languages were first shown to be a language ... large established family of Austronesian languages. Grammatically, they have been strongly influenced by the Papuan languages of northern New Guinea, but they retain a remarkably large amount of Austronesian ... Melanesian languages with the rest of the Western Oceanic languages , while there was moderate support for grouping it with the erstwhile Central Eastern Oceanic branch. Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic reduced languages of the north coast of New Guinea, perhaps from as far west as Jayapura ... more details
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- American languages
For American languages see Indigenous languages of the Americas Languages of North America Languages of South America Languages of the United States disambig ... more details
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- Languages of the Congo
Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Languages of the Republic of the Congo disamb ... more details
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- Oceanian languages
Oceanian languages may refer to Oceanic languages Languages of Oceania disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
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- Bel languages
Infobox language family name Bel region Northern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 North New Guinea languages North New Guinea ? fam6 Ngero Vitiaz languages Ngero Vitiaz child1 Astrolabe languages child2 Nuclear Bel languages sil 2324 16 The eight Bel languages form a group of Austronesian languages of northern Papua New Guinea . Components Astrolabe languages Nuclear Bel languages DEFAULTSORT Bel Languages Category Western Oceanic languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Au lang stub ... more details
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- Awan languages
Unreferenced date December 2009 Infobox language family name Awan region Colombia and Ecuador familycolor American fam1 Barbacoan languages Barbacoan The Awan languages are Barbacoan languages that include the Awa Pit language and the Pasto languages spoken in Ecuador and Colombia . Pasto is extinct. DEFAULTSORT Awan Languages Category Awan languages Category Languages of Ecuador Category Barbacoan languages Category Endangered indigenous languages of the Americas Na lang stub es Lenguas ahuanas mk ... more details
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- Zunda languages
Infobox language family name Zunda region South Africa , Swaziland , Zimbabwe familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo languages Atlantic Congo fam3 Benue Congo languages Benue Congo fam4 Bantoid languages Bantoid fam5 Southern Bantoid languages Southern Bantoid fam6 Bantu languages Bantu fam7 Southern Bantu fam8 Nguni languages Nguni The Zunda languages are a group of related languages that, along with Tekela languages , are a subdivision of the Nguni languages Nguni branch belonging to the larger Bantu languages Bantu family . Zunda languages include Zulu language Zulu 10 million Xhosa language Xhosa 8 million Northern Ndebele language Northern Ndebele or Zimbabwean Ndebele 1.6 million Category Languages of South Africa Category Nguni languages Nguni languages Zunda languages nc lang stub sv Zundaspr k ... more details
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- Bomberai languages
The languages of the Bomberai Peninsula of Indonesian New Guinea fall into several groups West Bomberai languages Papuan, west and south Irarutu language Austronesian, most of the interior North Bomberai languages Austronesian, off the coast Northwest Bomberai languages minor Austronesian languages labeled Bomberai in Ethnologue dab ... more details
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- Languages of Oceania
Unreferenced date December 2009 Many languages are indigenous to Oceania they belong to several families. The Austronesian languages Austronesian family is the most common, found throughout many Pacific Islands, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea. Australia is home to many diverse families of Languages of Australia indigenous languages Pama Nyungan languages Gunwinyguan languages Macro Pama Nyungan languages Southwest Pama Nyungan languages Bunaban languages 2 languages in two branches Daly languages 11 19 languages in four branches, including Murrinh Patha language Murrinh Patha Limilngan languages 2 languages, extinct? Djeragan languages 3 5 languages in two branches Nyulnyulan languages 4 8 languages in one branch Wororan languages 7 12 languages in three branches Indo Pacific languages Andaman languages Languages of Papua New Guinea Tasmanian languages Also, the languages of European settlers and colonial powers are common in the region, such as English in Australia and New Zealand , Spanish language Spanish in Easter Island , and French in New Caledonia , etc. There are also creole language creoles formed from the interaction of the European and indigenous languages, such as Tok Pisin , Hawaiian Pidgin , Norfuk and Pitkern . See also List of extinct languages of Oceania Template group list Languages of Oceania Countries and languages lists DEFAULTSORT Languages Of Oceania Category Languages of Oceania Au lang stub bn ru ... more details
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- Korap languages
Infobox language family name Korap region Northern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 North New Guinea languages North New Guinea ? fam6 Ngero Vitiaz languages Ngero Vitiaz fam7 ? sil 2313 16 The three Korap languages form a group of Austronesian languages of northern Papua New Guinea Arop Lukep language Arop Lukep , Karnai language Karnai , Malasanga language Malasanga DEFAULTSORT Korap Languages Category Western Oceanic languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Au lang stub ... more details
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- Mengen languages
Infobox language family name Mengen region Northern New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 North New Guinea languages North New Guinea ? fam6 Ngero Vitiaz languages Ngero Vitiaz fam7 ? sil 2454 16 The three Mengen languages form a group of Austronesian languages of northern Papua New Guinea . Components Lote language Lote Mamusi language Mamusi Mengen language Mengen DEFAULTSORT Mengen Languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Western Oceanic languages Au lang stub ... more details
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- Kilombero languages
Infobox language family name Kilombero altname region Tanzania familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo languages Atlantic Congo fam3 Benue Congo languages Benue Congo fam4 Bantoid languages Bantoid fam5 Bantu languages Bantu Guthrie classification of Bantu languages Zone G Zone G.50 fam6 The Kilombero languages are a group of Bantu languages of Tanzania established in Nurse 1988 . The languages, along with their Guthrie classification of Bantu languages Guthrie identifications , are Pogolo language Pogolo G50 Mbunga language Mbunga P10 , Ndamba language Ndamba G50 Notes Reflist Category Kilombero languages nc lang stub ... more details
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- A priori (languages)
merge A posteriori languages date April 2011 This is the article about constructed languages. For other uses of the term a priori, see a priori . An a priori language is any constructed language whose vocabulary is not based on existing languages, unlike a posteriori languages a posteriori constructed languages. Examples of a priori languages include Ro language Ro , Solresol , Mirad , Klingon language Klingon , and Na vi language Na vi . By contrast, a posteriori languages are ones whose vocabulary is based on existing languages, either as a variation of one language e.g., Latino sine flexione or as a mixture of various languages. Some a priori languages are designed to be international auxiliary language s that remove what could be considered an unfair learning advantage for native speakers of a source language that would otherwise exist for a posteriori languages. Some a priori languages try to categorize their vocabulary, either to express an underlying philosophy or to make it easier to recognize new vocabulary. These are also known as philosophical language philosophical or taxonomic languages . References Alan Libert, A Priori Artificial Languages Languages of the World 24. Munich Lincom Europa, 2000 . ISBN 3895866679. Constructed languages Category Constructed languages A priori Languages conlang stub eo Apriora lingvo hu A priori nyelvek ja pl J zyki aprioryczne pt L ngua artificial a priori ru simple A priori languages ... more details
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- Malayan languages
Infobox language family name Malayan region BRN br CCK br IDN br MYS br SIN familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian MP fam3 Nuclear Malayo Polynesian languages Nuclear MP fam4 Malayo Sumbawan languages Malayo Sumbawan fam5 Malayic languages Malayic child1 Malay languages Malay child2 Para Malay languages Para Malay child3 Aboriginal Malay languages Aboriginal Malay The Malayan languages are a branch of the Malayic languages that spread from central Sumatra or possibly western Borneo. Malayic languages include Para Malay languages para Malay languages of central Sumatra such as Minangkabau language Minangkabau , Aboriginal Malay languages such as Temuan language Temuan , and the various Malay languages proper, such as Indonesian language Indonesian . Notes reflist See also Malay trade and creole languages DEFAULTSORT Malayan languages Category Agglutinative languages Category Malayic languages fr Langues mala ennes id Bahasa bahasa Malaya ... more details
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- Melanesian languages
Unreferenced date December 2009 The Melanesian languages are the indigenous languages of Melanesia . They include about 400 Austronesian languages parts of the Central Eastern Malayo Polynesian languages Central Eastern Malayo Polynesian family and numerous families of Papuan languages . DEFAULTSORT Melanesian Languages Category Languages lt Melanezie i kalbos pl J zyki melanezyjskie ru ... more details
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- Kowan languages
Infobox language family name Kowan familycolor Papuan region Madang Province fam1 Trans New Guinea fam2 Madang languages Madang fam3 Southern Adelbert Range Kowan The Kowan languages are a small family of languages spoken in the Adelbert Range area of Madang Province , Papua New Guinea . The languages are Waskia language Waskia , with 20,000 speakers, and Korak language Korak , with 500. DEFAULTSORT Kowan Languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Kowan languages pa lang stub ... more details
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- Mahakam languages
Infobox language family name Mahakam altname Barito Mahakam region south Borneo , Madagascar familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Barito languages Barito The Mahakam or Barito Mahakam languages are a couple closely related Dayak languages Dayak Austronesian languages Austronesian languages of Borneo Ampanang language Ampanang , Tunjung language Tunjung Category Barito languages au lang stub fr Langues barito mahakam hr Mahakam jezici mk ... more details
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- Bekati? languages
Infobox language family name Bekati altname region Borneo ethnicity Bidayuh familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Indo Melanesian languages Indo Melanesian fam4 Bornean languages Bornean ? fam5 Land Dayak languages Land Dayak Bekati is a group of Bidayuh Dayak languages of Borneo Bekati language Bekati Bekatiq , Sara language Indonesia Sara , Lara language Lara Rara Category Land Dayak languages Category Languages of Indonesia au lang stub ... more details
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- Paranilotic languages
Unreferenced date August 2009 The Eastern Nilotic languages Eastern and Southern Nilotic languages were formerly widely believed to constitute a single Paranilotic or, earlier, Nilo Hamitic grouping they were believed to have arisen as a sort of mixed language combining Nilotic languages Nilotic modern Western Nilotic languages Western Nilotic and Hamitic in particular, modern Cushitic languages Cushitic elements. The theory was most strongly associated with the work of Carl Meinhof . However, ever since Joseph Greenberg s reclassification of African languages , they have been considered to be two out of the three independent branches of Nilotic languages Nilotic . DEFAULTSORT Paranilotic Languages Category Nilotic languages ns lang stub ... more details
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- Ponapeic languages
Infobox language family name Ponapeic region Micronesia familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Central Eastern Oceanic languages Central Eastern fam5 Micronesian languages Micronesian fam6 Micronesian Proper languages Micronesian Proper fam6 Micronesian Proper fam7 Nuclear Micronesian sil 1930 16 The Ponapeic languages are a dialect continuum of Micronesian languages , conventionally divided into three language s Mokilese language Mokilese , Pingelapese language Pingelapese and Pohnpeian language Pohnpeian . DEFAULTSORT Ponapeic Languages Category Micronesian languages Au lang stub mk ... more details
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