In biology and anatomy , an organ lang la organum , instrument, tool , from Greek language Greek , organon , organ, instrument, tool ref http www.perseus.tufts.edu hopper text?doc Perseus text 1999.04.0057 ... organ systems There are eleven major organ systems found in mammals. Mammal s such as humans have a variety of organ systems. These specific systems are also widely studied in human anatomy . Circulatory ... ru sah sq Organi biologji simple Organanatomy sk Org n anat mia sl ... tissue is the one that is unique for the specific organ. For example, main tissue in the heart ... etc.. Functionally related organs often cooperate to form whole Organ systems organ systems . Organs ... organ is a visceral organ that is a hollow tube or pouch as the stomach or intestine or that includes ... 20organ Dictionary.com hollow organ Citing Merriam Webster s Medical Dictionary, 2002 ref Organ systems main Biological system The functions of organ systems often share significant overlap. For instance, the nervous system nervous and endocrine system both operate via a shared organ, the hypothalamus ... thumb right The flower is the angiosperm s reproductive organ. This Hibiscus flower is hermaphroditic ... conifers , the organ that bears the reproductive structures is called a Conifer cone cone ... of a plant. There are 11 organ systems they perform the vital functions, such as photosynthesis , while ... generation of plants see clonal colony . The two main organ systems in vascular plant s are the root system and the shoot system. Animals The organ level of organisation in animal s can be first ... anatomy nail s. Lymphatic system structures involved in the transfer of lymph between Tissue biology ... s, cartilage , ligament s and tendon s. See also Cloning Fascia Organ transplant Organelle s, analogous sub cell biology cellular structures References reflist External links HSW cloned organ transplant Could we clone our organs to be used in a transplant? organ systems Composition Biology Category ... more details
wiktionary organOrgan may refer to the following Organanatomy , a collection of tissues joined in structural unit to serve a common function Organ music , a family of keyboard musical instruments characterized by sustained tone Pipe organ , a musical instrument that produces sound when pressurized air is driven through a series of pipes Theatre organ , a pipe organ originally designed specifically for imitation of an orchestra Electronic organ , an electronics electronic keyboard instrument Organs of state , branches of power within a government division business within an organization i.e. Organs of United Nations Organ pipe coral , a marine organism native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans Stenocereus thurberi , the organ pipe cactus plant The Organ , an indie rock band The Organ newspaper , an underground newspaper published in San Francisco Organ, Hautes Pyr n es , a commune in France Organ magazine Organ magazine , a UK music magazine run by Organart Organ film Organ film , a 1996 Japanese film disambig Category Greek loanwords an Organo desambigaci n az Orqan d qiql dirm bs Organ vor bg ca rgan cy Organ de Organ el es rgano eu Organo gl rgano hom nimos hy id Organ ia Organo disambiguation it Organo he jv Organ la Organum nl Organ no Organ andre betydninger nds Organ pl Organ pt rg o qu rgano ru sah sq Organi simple Organ sk Org n sl Organ sh Organ sv Organ olika betydelser tl Organo paglilinaw tr Organ uk vec rgano yi ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name At the Organ Type EP Artist The Minus 5 Cover M5attheorgan.jpg Released 2004 Recorded 2004 Genre rock music Rock Length Label Yep Roc Producer Reviews Allmusic rating 3.5 5 Allmusic class album id r715866 pure url yes link Last album In Rock The Minus 5 album In Rock br 2004 This album At the Organ br 2004 Next album The Minus 5 album The Minus 5 br 2006 At the Organ is an Extended play EP by United States American rock music rock band The Minus 5 . Released on Yep Roc in 2004, the album features a lineup of Peter Buck from R.E.M. band R.E.M. , Ken Stringfellow from the Posies , Rebecca Gates from the Spinanes , and Wilco . Track listing Lyrical Stance 1 26 Hotel Senator 3 20 Formerly Hail Centurion 3 29 Film of the Movie 2 32 The Town That Lost Its Groove Supply Seattle Version 2 37 Days of Wine and Booze original 2 22 One More Bottle to Go 3 50 The Minus 5 Wilco Category 2004 EPs Category The Minus 5 EPs Category Yep Roc Records EPs Category English language EPs 2000s rock album stub ... more details
pp semi indef dablink This is about the rock band. For the musical instrument see Organ music Organ Infobox musical artist Name The Organ Img OrganLive2.jpg Img capt The Organ live on stage Background ... br Jenny Smyth Organ music Organ br Debora Cohen Guitar br Shmoo Ritchie Bass guitar br Shelby Stocks Drum kit drums Past members Ashley Webber Bass guitar 2001 2005 The Organ was a Canada Canadian ... 7, 2006, due to illness and personal conflicts in the band. Biography Early years The Organ were conceived ... , whom The Organ would later often be favorably compared to. Tiffany singer Tiffany and Bon Jovi ... to Tara Nelson, the engineer who would later record the Organ s first EP. It was at this time that Katie ... organ , guitar, bass to form the instrumental trio Full Sketch. I met Katie Sketch when we worked ... was big into indie rock, so what started off as a joke got me out going to see shows. The way The Organ .... Together with Efron, they founded The Organ. In 2001, a long audition process began. Eventually ... The Organ in concert thumb The full formation of the band that would appear on their first ... Stocks, and guitarist Debora Cohen. In summer 2002, The Organ made their debut with the release of the Sinking Hearts EP. The Canadian press and indie publications across America praised The Organ s dreampop inflected presentation. By January, The Organ was signed to Chad Kroeger s 604 imprint .... After much agonizing, the Organ decided to scrap the Dahle sessions and rerecord the album with producer ... was asked back and subsequently rejoined the band in the new year. The Organ began touring heavily ... the well received promotion of Brother, The Organ began production on the far more ambitious ... was definitely permanent in the band before it broke up in 2006. On November 14, 2005, The Organ appeared ..., The Organ announced via their website that they had just been signed to Too Pure Records, through ... ... I interview people with drug problems, and alcoholics. ... Jenny the organ player just moved ... more details
of organanatomyorgan s and structures in the body. Methods have also improved dramatically, advancing ...Other uses2 anatomy wikiversity Topic Anatomy File COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Anatomische les op de dokter Djawaschool in Weltevreden Batavia Java TMnr 10002345.jpg thumb Anatomy lesson carried out in Java , Dutch East Indies , date unknown. Anatomy from the Greek language Greek polytonic anatomia ... term that includes human anatomy , animal anatomy zootomy and plant anatomy phytotomy . In some of its facets anatomy is closely related to embryology , comparative anatomy and Phylogenetics ... Introduction page, Anatomy of the Human Body . Henry Gray. 20th edition. 1918 accessdate 19 March 2007 ref through common roots in evolution . Anatomy is subdivided into gross anatomy or macroscopic anatomy and microscopic anatomy. ref name intro HGray Gross anatomy also called topographical anatomy, regional anatomy, or anthropotomy is the study of anatomical structures that can be seen by unaided vision with the naked eye. ref name intro HGray Microscopic anatomy is the study of minute anatomical ... of tissues , ref name intro HGray and Cell biology cytology the study of cells . The history of anatomy ... complex techniques developed in the 20th century including X ray, ultrasound, and MRI imaging. Anatomy should not be confused with anatomical pathology also called morbid anatomy or histopathology , which is the study of the gross and microscopic appearances of disease d organanatomyorgan s. Superficial anatomy Superficial anatomy or surface anatomy is important in anatomy being the study of anatomical ... intro HGray With knowledge of superficial anatomy, physician s or veterinary surgeon s gauge the position and anatomy of the associated deeper structures. Superficial is a directional term that indicates ... anatomy main Human anatomy Image Structural.gif thumb right 150px Para sagittal Magnetic resonance ... and lungs.jpg thumb right 150px Human heart and lungs, from an older edition of Gray s Anatomy ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name The Anatomy Of Type studio Longtype of cover version cover songs Artist Between the Buried and Me Cover Between The Buried And Me The Anatomy Of.jpg Released Start date 2006 6 13 Recorded Genre Progressive metal , progressive rock , thrash metal Length 69 56 Label Victory Records Producer Jamie King Reviews Allmusic Rating 4 5 Allmusic class album id r838526 review pure url yes link Lambgoat Rating 3 10 http www.lambgoat.com albums view.aspx?id 2045 link Last album Alaska album Alaska br 2005 This album The Anatomy Of br 2006 Next album Colors Between the Buried and Me album Colors br 2007 The Anatomy Of is the fourth studio album and first cover album by the American heavy metal music heavy metal band Between the Buried and Me . It is the second release to include Dan Briggs musician Dan Briggs , Blake Richardson , and Dustie Waring . Track listing tracklist collapsed headline extra column Original artist date total length 69 56 writing credits yes title1 Blackened song Blackened writer1 James Hetfield , Jason Newsted , Lars Ulrich extra1 Metallica small 1988 small length1 6 40 title2 Kickstart My Heart writer2 Nikki Sixx extra2 M tley Cr e small 1989 small length2 4 55 title3 The Day I Tried to Live writer3 Chris Cornell extra3 Soundgarden small 1994 small length3 5 28 title4 Bicycle Race writer4 Freddie Mercury extra4 Queen band Queen small 1978 small length4 3 09 title5 Three of a Perfect Pair song Three of a Perfect Pair writer5 Adrian Belew , Bill Bruford , Robert Fripp , Tony Levin extra5 King Crimson small 1984 small length5 4 11 title6 Us and Them song Us and Them writer6 Rick Wright , Roger Waters extra6 Pink Floyd small 1973 small length6 7 52 title7 Geek U.S.A. writer7 Billy Corgan extra7 The Smashing Pumpkins ... and Me DEFAULTSORT Anatomy Of, The Category Between the Buried and Me albums Category 2006 albums Category Victory Records albums pt The Anatomy Of ... more details
Orphan date September 2010 The sub radula r organ is a sensory organ below the grinding mouthparts of some molluscs, specifically chiton s. ref name Boyle1975 cite doi 10.1007 BF00220187 ref It is involved in chemoreception that is, in judging the nature of food or the substratum. In this sense, it can be considered a smell or taste organ food is sensed before each stroke of the radula. ref name Boyle1975 References Reflist Category Mollusc anatomy Mollusc stub Anatomy stub ... more details
Hancock s organ is a lateral Sensory organs of gastropods sensory organ of gastropods , a sense organ found in some sea snails. ref name Schr dl 2010 This organ is found in most shelled opisthobranch s. ref name Schr dl 2010 Schr dl M. & Neusser T. P. 2010 . Towards a phylogeny and evolution of Acochlidia Mollusca Gastropoda Opisthobranchia . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158 124 154. doi 10.1111 j.1096 3642.2009.00544.x . ref References reflist Category Gastropods Category Mollusc anatomy gastropod stub ... more details
Chordotonal organs are stretch receptor organs in insect s and other arthropods ref http books.google.com books?id RBbxm3yeyMgC&pg PA86&dq scolopidia mechanical&lr &cd 9 v onepage&q scolopidia 20mechanical&f false Methods in insect sensory neuroscience , Thomas A. Christensen. ref They are used to detect the position of the body segments and appendages, or, in tympanal organ s, the vibrations caused by sounds. An example for hearing is the Johnston s organ at the base of the antennae. Sound waves deflect hairs on the antennae which causes stretching on the cuticle of the Johnston s organ. This stretching is detected by underlying scolopidia. See also Scolopidia Crista acustica References Scoble, Malcolm J., 1992, The Lepidoptera Form, Function and Diversity , Oxford University Press , ISBN 0 19 854952 0. reflist Category Arthropod anatomy Category Insect anatomy insect anatomy stub de Chordotonalorgan sl Hordotonalni organ ... more details
The Semper s organ is an anatomy anatomical structure of molluscs , a gland located in the head of some Pulmonata pulmonate gastropod s. ref name Lane Lane J. N. 1964 Semper S Organ, a Cephalic Gland in Certain Gastropods . Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 105 3 331 342. ref This organ was named after the German zoologist Carl Gottfried Semper , who first published information about this anatomical structure in 1856. ref Carl Gottfried Semper Semper C. 1856 Z. wiss. Zool., 8, 366. ref ref name Lane References reflist gastropod stub Category Gastropods Category Mollusc anatomy ... more details
refimprove date November 2008 Bidder s organ is a spherical, brownish organanatomyorgan in any member of the family Bufonidae , or simply, toads. The organ is located just in front of the kidney , or, mesonephros . It is formed at the cranium cranial tip of the male and female gonad during the larval stage. Normally it is inactive and contains miniature follicle s which have the capability to mature becoming active . Zoologists have experimented with the physiology of the organ by castration castrating male toads removing the testes . In doing so, the Bidder s organ enlarges and produces viable oocyte s, that is, egg cells, and then it produces gonadotropins , which stimulate the growth of the M llerian duct s to form uterus and oviduct s. It therefore becomes a fully sexually functional female, which leads some zoologists to conclude that toads are actually pedomorphosis paedomorphic . ref http www3.interscience.wiley.com cgi bin fulltext 118939709 HTMLSTART ref However, the Bidder s organ only develops into an ovary when testes are removed experimentally or not functioning properly e.g. due to exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals . Importantly, females can have a Bidder s organs in addition to true ovaries which suggests that the Bidder s organ might not be a rudimentary organ rudimentary ovary. The true function of the Bidder s organ remains a mystery. It is named in honour of Friedrich Bidder . Anatomy Its internal anatomy consists of two parts, the central portion, consisting of connective tissue , and rich in blood vessel s, and its periphery consists of the cortex, which contains follicles in various stages of development. Molecules of various protein s are present in the outer layer of the follicles, homologous to the zona pellucida of the ovum . The Bidder s Organ s physiology is unique, having no connection with the temperature dependent sex determination ... s organ. It is a conspicuous organ, being colored red, and at the cranial poles of the large ... more details
Organ dysfunction is a condition where an Organanatomyorgan does not perform its expected function. Organ failure is organ dysfunction to such a degree that normal homeostasis cannot be maintained without external clinical intervention. It is not a diagnosis. It can be classified by the cause, but when the cause is not known, it can also be classified by whether the onset is Chronic medicine chronic or Acute medicine acute . Multiple organ failure can be associated with sepsis . Further reading cite journal author Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al. title Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians Society of Critical Care Medicine journal Chest volume 101 issue 6 pages 1644 55 year 1992 month June pmid 1303622 doi 10.1378 chest.101.6.1644 url http www.chestjournal.org cgi pmidlookup?view long&pmid 1303622 References reflist Organ failure Category Organ failure medicine stub sv Organsvikt ... more details
A Tympanal organ is a hearing organ in insects , consisting of a membrane eardrum tympanum stretched across a frame backed by an air sac and associated sensory neurons. Sounds vibrate the membrane, and the vibrations are sensed by a chordotonal organ . Tympanal organs occur in just about any part of the insect the thorax , the base of the wing, the abdomen , the legs, etc., depending on the group of insects. The structures are thought to have evolved independently many times. As a result, their position and structures are often used to help determine the taxonomy of the species. For example, all members of the Geometridae share distinctive paired abdominal tympanal organs that open towards the front side of the first abdominal segment. Within the organ, particular structures vary in shape and are used to indicate shared ancestry of subfamilies. In other families of Lepidoptera having abdominal tympanal organs, the opening may be in a different orientation and the structures differ in shape. See also Tympanum zoology Chordotonal organ References reflist cite book last1 Scoble first1 MJ. title The Lepidoptera Form, function, and diversity. year 1992 publisher Oxford Univ. Press isbn 9781402062421 Category Sensory organs Category Insect anatomy insect anatomy stub de Tympanalorgan no Tympanalorgan pl Narz d tympanalny sl Timpanalni organ ... more details
The rostral organ of the coelacanth is a large gel filled cavity in the snout, with three pairs of canals to the outside. It is surrounded by an insulating layer of adipose tissue and innervated by the superficial ophthalmic nerve. Its anatomy and innervation suggest it is an Electroreception electroreceptive organ ref http links.jstor.org sici?sici 0045 8511 19820528 3 1982 2 3C467 TROOLC 3E2.0.CO 2 Z The rostral organ of Latimeria chalumnae morphological evidence of an electroreceptive function ref used for finding prey in the dark. This is supported by experiments which showed that coelacanths react to electrical fields produced by a submersible. Fact date February 2008 This organ is not known in any other animal other than the anchovy . ref Anchovy ref References reflist biology stub Category Sensory organs ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2007 Speech communication Speech organanatomyorgan s produce the many sounds needed for language . Organs used include the lip s, teeth , tongue , alveolar ridge , hard palate , velum soft palate , Palatine uvula uvula and glottis . Speech organs&mdash or articulators &mdash are of two types passive articulators and active articulators . Passive articulators remain static during the articulation of sound. Upper lips, teeth, alveolar ridge, hard palate, soft palate, uvula, and pharynx wall are passive articulators. Active articulators move relative to these places of articulation passive articulators to produce various speech sounds, in manner of articulation different manner s. The most important active articulator is the tongue. The lower lip and glottis are other active articulators. See also articulatory phonetics vocal loading places of articulation and manner of articulation human anatomy DEFAULTSORT Speech Organ Category Mouth Phonetics stub zh min nan Gi n g kh koan br Organ fonadur id Alat ucap is Talf ri ja ko nn Taleorgan pl Aparat mowy sv Talapparaten tr Ses ayg t zh ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 Buccal organs , also known as bucal suckers, are present in worm parasitism parasites of the order Mazocraeidea . They are known to have muscular, glandular, and sensory components thought to play some role in blood feeding. References reflist DEFAULTSORT Buccal Organ Category Invertebrate anatomy Invertebrate stub Parasite stub ... more details
Wikify date April 2010 Image Nuchal organ.png thumb The Nuchal organ no . Source doi 10.1007 s004350000022 The nuchal organ is a ciliated pit ref name Hessling2000 citation last1 Hessling first1 R. last2 Purschke first2 G. year 2000 title Immunohistochemical cLSM and ultrastructural analysis of the central nervous system and sense journal Zoomorphology volume 120 issue 2 pages 65 78 doi 10.1007 s004350000022 url http www.springerlink.com index JVUVEH1D0HUXQCHF.pdf ref or groove present at the posterior end of the prostomium of annelid worms, ref name Hessling2000 and some cephalopod s. ref name Parry2000 Annelids only possess one nuchal organ, although the nature of the grooving may make it appear to be a pair of organs. ref citation doi 10.1007 s004350050026 title Ultrastructure of the nuchal organ and cerebral organ in Onchnesoma squamatum Sipuncula, Phascolionidae year 1997 author Purschke, G. journal Zoomorphology volume 117 pages 23 last2 Wolfrath first2 F. last3 Westheide first3 W. ref It may be involved in light detection, ref name Parry2000 citation last Parry first M. year 2000 doi 10.1111 j.1469 7998.2000.tb00612.x pages 163 177 title A description of the nuchal organ, a possible photoreceptor, in Euprymna scolopes and other cephalopods journal Journal of Zoology volume 252 ref and may have a role on food detection and mating. ref Citation doi 10.1007 BF01983820 title Ultrastructural investigation of the nuchal organs ofPygospio elegans Polychaeta . I. Larval nuchal organs year 1986 last1 Schl tzer schrehardt first1 U. journal Helgol nder Meeresuntersuchungen volume 40 pages 397 ref References Reflist Category Organs Category Annelid anatomy Category Mollusc anatomy Annelid stub ... more details
Infobox Brain Name Subcommissural organ Latin organum subcommissurale GraySubject GrayPage Image Gray715.png Caption Mesal aspect of a brain sectioned in the median sagittal plane. Subcommissural organ not labeled, but region is visible, near the pineal . Image2 Caption2 IsPartOf Components Artery Vein BrainInfoType hier BrainInfoNumber 474 MeshName Subcommissural organ MeshNumber NeuroLex Subcommissural organ NeuroLexID birnlex 1038 DorlandsPre o 06 DorlandsSuf 12596276 The subcommissural organ is a gland in the brain. ref name pmid18218138 Cite journal author Vio K, Rodr guez S, Yulis CR, Oliver C, Rodr guez EM title The subcommissural organ of the rat secretes Reissner s fiber glycoproteins and CSF soluble proteins reaching the internal and external CSF compartments journal Cerebrospinal Fluid Res volume 5 issue pages 3 year 2008 pmid 18218138 pmc 2265671 doi 10.1186 1743 8454 5 3 url http www.cerebrospinalfluidresearch.com content 5 3 ref It is a circumventricular organ consisting of ependymal cells which secrete somatostatin . Citation needed date October 2009 It is named for its location relative to the posterior commissure . It is near the aqueduct of Sylvius . ref name pmid9579598 Cite journal author Rodr guez EM, Rodr guez S, Hein S title The subcommissural organ journal Microsc. Res. Tech. volume 41 issue 2 pages 98 123 year 1998 month April pmid 9579598 doi 10.1002 SICI 1097 0029 19980415 41 2 98 AID JEMT2 3.0.CO 2 M ref References Reflist External links http www.bu.edu dbin anatneuro research sleep and circadium overview.php Mesencephalon Diencephalon Category Cerebrum Anatomy stub ... more details
Leydig s Organ named after the German histologist Franz Leydig who first described it in 1857 is a unique structure that is only found in Elasmobranchii elasmobranchs shark s and Batoidea rays , although some elasmobranchs lack this organ. Along with the spleen and special tissue around the gonad s, this structure produces red blood cell s and it is nestled along the top and bottom of the esophagus . ref cite journal last Honma first Yoshiharu authorlink coauthors Okabe, Kazuyuki Chiba, Akira year 1984 month title Comparative histology of the Leydig and epigonal organs in some elasmobranchs trans title journal Japanese Journal of Ichthyology volume 31 issue 1 pages 47 54 id url http www.wdc jp.biz pdf store isj publication pdf 31 311 31107.pdf format PDF accessdate 2009 08 31 quote ref Notes reflist References cite web url http www.elasmo research.org education topics p blood cells.htm title Without Bones, How Do Sharks Make Red Blood Cells? publisher ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research accessdate January 2010 anatomy stub shark stub diversity of fish Category Fish anatomy ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name PAGENAME Latin organum spirale GraySubject 232 GrayPage 1056 Image Cochlea crosssection.svg Caption A cross section of the cochlea illustrating the organ of Corti. Image2 Organ of corti.svg Caption2 Section through the spiral organ of Corti. Magnified. Width 300 System MeshName Organ of Corti MeshNumber A09.246.631.246.577 DorlandsPre o 06 DorlandsSuf 12596269 The organ of Corti or spiral organ is the organ in the inner ear of mammal s that contains auditory sensory cells, or hair cell s. The organ was named after the Italian anatomist Marquis Alfonso Giacomo Gaspare Corti 1822 1876 , who conducted microscopic research of the mammalian auditory system. Structure and function seealso Stereocilia inner ear The organ of Corti has highly specialized structures that respond to fluid borne vibrations in the cochlea with a shearing vector in the hairs of some cochlear hair cells. It contains between 15,000 20,000 auditory nerve receptors. Each receptor has its own hair cell ... cortex via spiral ganglion neurons. The pinna anatomy pinna and middle ear act as mechanical transformers and amplifiers, so that by the time sound waves reach the Organ of Corti, their pressure amplitude is 22 times that of the air impinging on the pinna. The Organ of Corti can be damaged by excessive sound levels, leading to noise health effects noise induced health effects . The Organ of Corti ... major cause the reduction of function in the organ of Corti. Specifically, the active amplification ... organ of Corti. Magnified. gallery Notes div class references small references div References ... U. On the organ of Corti in mammals . 2 March 1876, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London ... related Organ of Corti 3D animation http lobe.ibme.utoronto.ca presentations OHC Electromotility sld005.htm ... cs Cortiho org n de Corti Organ es rgano de Corti gl rgano de Corti id Organ Korti it Organo del Corti nl Orgaan van Corti no Cortis organ pl Narz d Cortiego pt rg o de Corti ru fi ... more details
. 458 7235 201 5. PMID 19279637 ref References reflist 2 Category Insect anatomy de Johnstonsches Organ ...Johnston s organ is a collection of sensory cells found in the pedicel the second segment of the antenna biology antennae in the Class biology Class Insecta . ref name Kamikouchi Kamikouchi A, Inagaki HK, Effertz T, Hendrich O, Fiala A, G pfert MC, Ito K. 2009 .The neural basis of Drosophila gravity sensing and hearing. Nature. 458 7235 165 71. PMID 19279630 ref Johnston s organ motion perception detects motion in the flagellum third and typically final antennal segment . It consists of over 200 scolopidia arrayed in a bowl shape, each of which contains a Active sensory systems Mechanosensory mechanosensory chordotonal neuron. ref name G pfert G pfert MC, Robert D. 2002 . http jeb.biologists.org cgi reprint 205 9 1199 The mechanical basis of Drosophila audition. J Exp Biol. 205 Pt 9 1199 208. PMID 11948197 ref ref Yack JE. 2004 . The structure and function of auditory chordotonal organs in insects. Microsc Res Tech. 63 6 315 37. PMID 15252876 ref The presence of Johnston s organ is a defining characteristic which separates the Class Insecta from the other Hexapoda hexapods belonging to the group Entognatha . Johnston s organ can be seen in Drosophila . It consists of a sail like flagellum which rotates in a structure called the funiculus. Air movement deforms the cuticle at the joint between segments 2 and 3 where the sensory units of Johnston s organ attach. Johnston s organ reacts between 150 and 500 Hz. One function is for detecting the wing beat frequency of a mate. ref name G pfert The third segment can also be deformed by gravity irrespective of head orientation and this enables it to sense gravity. ref name Kamikouchi Johnston s organ was named after the physician Christopher Johnston, ref http jcs.biologists.org cgi reprint s1 3 10 97.pdf Johnston, C. . Auditory .... ref father of the physician and Assyriologist Christopher Johnston . Johnston s organ can also sense ... more details
Electromechanical organ can mean A pipe organ with electro pneumatic action An electric organ such as the Hammond organ which uses electromechanical tone generator s disambig ... more details
An intromittent organ is a general term for an external organ of a male organism that is specialized to deliver sperm during Sexual intercourse copulation . Intromittent organs are found most often in terrestrial species, as most aquatic species fertilize their eggs External fertilization externally , although there are exceptions. Species with intromittent organs Invertebrates Male cephalopod s have a specialized arm, the hectocotylus , which is inserted into the female s mantle cavity to deliver a spermatophore during copulation. In some species, the hectocotylus breaks off inside the female s mantle cavity in others, it can be used repeatedly to copulate with different females. Insects Male insects possess an aedeagus , whose function is directly analogous to that of the vertebrate penis. Some insects also have valva claspers . Male moths have an additional organ called the juxta , which supports the aedeagus. Image Black Molly 3 Male.jpg thumb right 200px Gonopodium of a black molly Poecilia sphenops . Fish In male members of Chondrichthyes shark s and Batoidea rays , as well as now extinct Placodermi placoderms , the Fish anatomy Types of fin pelvic fins bear specialized valva claspers . During copulation, one clasper is inserted into the female s cloaca , and sperm is flushed by the male s body through a groove into the female. Members of Poeciliidae are small fishes that give birth to live young. In males, the anal fin is shaped into a grooved, rod shaped organ called a gonopodium used to deliver sperm to females. Tetrapods In lizard s and snake s, males possess paired ... into the body. The anatomy of the penis varies according to species. Male ostrich es have a conical ... Comparative Anatomy, Function, Evolution pages 567 570 last Kardong first Kenneth V. publisher Wm. C. Brown Publishers location Dubuque, Iowa year 1995 id ISBN 0069219917 Category Comparative anatomy Category Sexual anatomy pl Narz d kopulacyjny ... more details
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