Weasel date February 2009 Refimprove date October 2008 Voting otheruses A ballot is a device originally ... uses one ballot, and ballots are not shared. In the simplest elections, a ballot may be a simple scrap ... pre printed to protect the secret ballot secrecy of the votes . The voter casts his her ballot in a Ballot box box at a polling station . In British English, this is usually called a ballot paper . The word ballot is used for an election process within an organisation such as a trade union holding a ballot of its members . History In ancient Greece , citizens used Ostracon pieces of broken pottery ... 2000 Florida butterfly ballot . File Butterfly large.jpg thumb 150px left Top view of the same 2000 Florida butterfly ballot . Depending on the type of voting system used in the election, different ballots may be used. Ranked ballot s allow voters to rank candidates in order of preference, while ... list closed . The United States has a unique politics of long and short ballot. Before the American ... offices required longer ballots, and at times the long ballot undoubtedly resulted in confusion ... States Progressivists attacked the long ballot during the Progressive Era circa 1893 1917 . In the United States today, the term ballot reform sometimes refers to efforts to reduce the number of elected offices. Citation needed date October 2008 Design Ballot design can aid or inhibit clarity ... or mismark a ballot. The butterfly ballot used in Florida in the U.S. presidential election, 2000 a ballot paper that has names down both sides, with a single column of punch holes in the centre ... File Bundestagswahl 05 stimmzett.jpg thumb right 150 This Germany German ballot has the constituency ... to reflect these in ballot design and voting system alternatives causes many problems and leads ... out on a ballot, carries much more weight than one carried out with only a public sampling in a less ... out on an ordinary ballot with no provision for it, however, there would be risk of counting it as spoiled ... more details
wiktionary Oraloral orally The word oral may refer to As an adjective the mouth , the first portion of the alimentary canal that receives food and saliva speech communication as opposed to writing oral administration of medicines oral schools, schools that use oralism to teach the deaf oral stage , Sigmund Freud s name for a child s development during the first 0 to 18 months of life, in which an infant s pleasure centers are in the mouth oral sex , sexual activity involving the stimulation of the genitalia of a sex partner by the use of the mouth, tongue, teeth or throat Other Oral, Kazakhstan , a city Oral, South Dakota Royaume d, Oral, 18th Century French name for the Principality of Bethio on the Senegal River in West Africa Oral Roberts 1918 2009 , American televangelist Oral Roberts University , named after the televangelist Oral submucous fibrosis , a chronic debilitating disease of the oral cavity characterized by inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the submucosal tissues Oral rehydration therapy , a simple treatment for dehydration associated with diarrhea, particularly gastroenteritis or gastroenteropathy See also Ural disambiguation Orel disambiguation disambig ast Oral de Oral es Oral fr Oral oc Oral pl Oral ru fi Oraalinen sv Oral ... more details
Wills, trusts, estates Globalize date December 2010 An oral will or nuncupative will is a Will law will that has been delivered orally that is, in speech to witness es, as opposed to the usual form of wills, which is written and according to a proper format. A minority of U.S. state s approximately 20 as of 2009 , permit nuncupative wills under certain circumstances. Under most statute s, such wills can only be made during a person s last sickness, must be witnessed by at least three persons, and reduced to writing by the witnesses within a specified amount of time after the testator s death. Some states also place limits on the types and value of property that can be bequeathed in this manner. A few U.S. states permit nuncupative wills made by military personnel on active duty . Under the law in England and Wales oral wills are permitted to military personnel and merchant seamen on duty see law report below and it is common practice for in Commonwealth of Nations Commonwealth countries. An analogy can be drawn to the concept of last donations donatio mortis causa established by Roman law and still in effect in England and Wales . See also Dying declaration References Jesse Dukeminier Dukeminier, Jesse , Johansen, Stanley M., James Lindgren Lindgren, James , and Robert Sitkoff Sitkoff, Robert . Wills, Trusts, and Estates, 8th Edition , p. 226. Aspen Publishers, 2009. ISBN13 978 0 7355 7996 5 references http www.bailii.org ew cases EWHC Ch 2009 B21.html references DEFAULTSORT Oral Will Category Wills and trusts Law stub ... more details
. However, Kentucky was the last state to do so in 1891, when it quit using an oralballot . Therefore ...For 2001 Iranian film Secret Ballot film Elections The secret ballot is a voting method in which a voter ... writes only his or her choice. Without revealing their votes to anyone, the electors place the ballot ... forms of the secret ballot involves pre printed ballot papers with the name of the candidates or questions ... anyone from linking voter to ballot. This system is also known as the Australian ballot , because ... ballot since Massachusetts was the first U.S. state to use the secret ballot. History In Ancient ... of 1795 on Wikisource fr icon ref states that All elections are to be held by secret ballot . The same ... write the name of their preferred candidate on their ballot at home the only condition was to write ... Nationale website ref The ballot is folded in order to prevent other people from reading its content. ref fr Isoloir ref Napoleon III Louis Napol on Bonaparte attempted to abolish the secret ballot ..., allowing secret ballot to take place. ref Karl Marx The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon For the bourgeois ... abolished the secret ballot and had ordered them to put a yes or no after their names on the official ... posted on all the street corners of Paris announcing the restoration of the secret ballot. http www.marxists.org ... of an Election The Polling by William Hogarth 1755 . Before the secret ballot was introduced, voter intimidation was commonplace. The demand for a secret ballot was one of the six points of Chartism ... that the secret ballot was one of the two points he could support. The secret ballot was eventually introduced in the Ballot Act 1872 , substantially reducing the cost of campaigning, and was first ... . The original ballot box , sealed in wax with a liquorice stamp, is held at Pontefract museum. ref http www.bbc.co.uk ahistoryoftheworld objects WryVwsknTr aa4IQ ID9iQ Pontefract s secret ballot box, 1872 . ref The Secrecy vs. reliability use of numbered ballots has removed the secret ballot ... more details
A ballot is a device used to record choices made by voters. Ballot may also refer to Ballot automobile , a defunct French automobile manufacturer Ballot horse , an American two time Champion Thoroughbred racehorse Ballots, Mayenne , a commune in northwestern France disambiguation ... more details
ballot boxes used in the Haitian elections, 2006 Haitian general election in 2006 A ballot box is a temporarily ... bag, with a narrow slot in the top sufficient to accept a ballotballot paper in an election ... also be ballot boxes that are taken to people s homes where they would otherwise be unable to travel to the polling station. When very large ballot papers are used, there may be a feeder mechanism to assist in the deposit of the paper into the box. Transparent ballot boxes may be used in order ... not ballot stuffing stuffed with fraudulent votes . At the close of the election all boxes can be taken ... as precinct count . Ballot boxes are in some jurisdictions obsolete, because of the increase in paperless electronic voting . The word ballot derives from voting systems based upon the use of a small ball instead of a voting paper see blackball blacklist blackball . The first British secret ballot using ballot papers and a ballot box was held in Pontefract on 15 August 1872, under the terms of the recently enacted Ballot Act 1872 . In a ministerial by election following his appointment as Chancellor ... constituency Pontefract . The original ballot box, sealed in wax with a liquorice stamp, is held at Pontefract ... s secret ballot box, 1872 . ref ref http www.wakefield.gov.uk CultureAndLeisure Museums Object ... center gallery caption Ballot boxes perrow 4 widths 160 File Cardboard ballot box Smithsonian.jpg A cardboard ballot box used during the first federal vote in Washington, D.C. . File Wooden ballot box Smithsonian.jpg A wooden ballot box used in the northeastern United States circa 1870. File Metal ballot box Smithsonian.jpg A galvanized metal ballot box used in Tulare County, California United States circa 1936. File Election MG 3455.JPG A voter putting his envelope into a clear ballot box during the 2007 French presidential election File Glass ballot box Smithsonian.jpg A glass globe ballot jar circa 1884. File Acme ballot box Smithsonian.jpg An Acme voting machine of Bridgewater, Connecticut ... more details
improverefs date September 2011 globalize US date September 2011 A ballot title is the official, short, summary of a Initiatives and referendums in the United States ballot measure that appears on the ballot. The goal of a good ballot title is to be a neutral summary that accurately conveys to voters the gist of what the proposed new law says or would do. The National Conference of State Legislatures says, The ballot title and summary are arguably the most important part of an initiative in terms of voter education. Most voters never read more than the title and summary of the text of initiative ... title & 39 Preparation of a ballot title and summary & 39 publisher Ncsl.org date 2003 03 ... of what a new law would do. As a result, ballot titles are fertile grounds for conflict and lawsuits ... has to do with whether the ballot title is determined before signatures are collected, or after . Another way that states differ has to do with whether the ballot title is determined by the government which could be a commission, a ballot title determination board, the Secretary of State, or some other election official or whether the ballot title is determined by the political organization that is advocating for the measure. Pre circulation ballot titles States where the ballot title is set prior ... , Mississippi , Missouri , Montana , North Dakota , Ohio , Elections in Oregon Ballot initiatives Oregon In Oregon, the ballot title is set after 1,000 initial sponsorship signatures have been submitted and Washington U.S. state Washington . Post circulation ballot titles States where the ballot title ... , Nebraska , Nevada , Oklahoma , Utah , Wyoming . Ballot titles determined by proponents In Florida and South Dakota, the ballot title is determined by the proponent, subject to legal challenge by opponents in court. Impact of ballot title on election outcome There is a general consensus that the ballot title can be highly determinative of whether a ballot measure wins or loses. Notes reflist Category ... more details
Refimprove date February 2010 Infobox company company name Ballot company logo company type company slogan location Paris France foundation 1910 defunct 1932 founder Ernest Maurice Ballot products Automobile Cars Image Ballot.jpg thumb right 250px Ballot 2LTS Cabriolet 1925 Ballot was a France French automobile manufacturer who made cars between 1921 and 1932. The Ballot brothers, Edouard and Maurice, founded their company in 1905. Before World War I they manufactured automobile and marine engines. The company was re founded as Etablissements Ballot SA in 1910. Edouard Ballot was well known as a designer of reliable engines. He helped Ettore Bugatti in developing his first engines. After World War I, the company entered motor racing with a straight eight cylinder 4.9 litre car for the 1921 French Grand Prix . As well as racing engines, the company made a range of road engines which were fitted to their own production cars. The first road car was a 2 litre tourer called Ballot 2 LS . In 1923 Ballot 2 LT and a sport version, Ballot 2 LTS followed. From 1927, eight cylinder engines were used. In 1931 the company was taken over by Hispano Suiza . Swift decline followed the last model was practically a Hispano Suiza and only the chassis was provided by Ballot. Ballot closed down in 1932. Sporting successes A Ballot vehicle driven by Ren Thomas France Ren Thomas finished second in the 1919 Targa Florio and second in the 1920 Indianapolis 500 . Image Ballot Berline RH3, 1930.jpg thumb left 210px Ballot Berline RH3, 1930, Cit de l Automobile , Mulhouse , France Ralph DePalma , an American national champion and winner of the 1915 Indianapolis 500, finished second in the 1921 French ... Grand Prix at Brescia Brescia, Italy driving a Ballot. Main models 2LS sports car. 4 cylinder 1944 ... French Grand Prix relating to the Ballot racer Category Vintage vehicles Category Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of France de tablissements Ballot fr Ballot automobile it Ballot pl Ballot ... more details
Refimprove date February 2008 voting Image Ballotstuffing.jpg thumb 200px left A specialized ballot box used to assist ballot stuffing, featured in Frank Leslie s Weekly Frank Leslie s Illustrated Newspaper in 1856. Ballot stuffing is the illegal act of one person submitting multiple ballot s during a vote in which only one ballot per person is permitted. The name originates from the earliest days of this practice in which people literally did stuff more than one ballot in a ballot box at the same time. In a government election , this is a form of electoral fraud . Detecting ballot stuffing depends a great deal on how good the record keeping is. Most election systems match the number of persons showing up to vote with the number of ballots cast, and or preparing the forms so that they are difficult to fake. A common method still used in small village elections throughout the USA Fact date March 2009 uses two ballot boxes and a single sheet of paper for a ballot. After marking the ballot, the sheet is folded in half, then torn with each part dropped in the corresponding ballot box. The number of marked ballots in one box will equal the number of ballot sheet headers in the other ballot box, thus preventing ballot stuffing. In short, successful ballot stuffing usually requires the misconduct of genuine registered voters and or elections personnel. Ballot stuffing can be accomplished in a number of ways. Often, a ballot stuffer casts votes on the behalf of people who did not show up to the polls known as telegraphing sometimes, votes are even cast by those who are long dead or fictitious characters in TV shows, books, and movies known as padding . Both practices are also referred to as personation . In earlier societies which date October 2011 with little paperwork, dead people were kept alive on paper for the purpose of ballot stuffing. The family of the deceased often helped along, either to assist their party or for money. Ballot stuffing is possible with one version ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date October 2009 A ratings ballot is a ballot on which candidates are rated on a cardinal scale . For example candidates in an election could be rated from 0 to 99 or from 5 to 5 or from 1 to 10. Generally you will gave the candidate you like least the lowest score 0, 5 or 1 and the candidate you like the most the highest score 99,5 or 10 . An Approval Voting ballot can be considered as a ratings ballot with two possible ratings 1 approve and 0 disapprove . Under conditions of strategy rational voters wishing to obtain the best outcome for themselves with perfect knowledge of how all other voters will vote a rating ballot with more than 2 rating points should become identical to an Approval ballot with all candidates being given either the highest or lowest rating. Ratings ballots can be converted to preferential ballots. class wikitable border 1 Rating 0 to 99 Preference order Candidate A 99 First Candidate B 20 Third Candidate C 20 Third Candidate D 55 Second This requires the voting system to accommodate a voter s indifference between two candidates as in Ranked Pairs or Schulze method . DEFAULTSORT Ratings Ballot Category Voting systems ... more details
orphan date May 2009 Ballot Browser is open source software open source ballot counting software developed initially for the Humboldt County, California Humboldt County California Election Transparency Project. In November 2008, counting performed with Ballot Browser revealed a bug in Premier Election Solutions formerly Diebold Election Systems GEMS tabulation software. Subsequent investigation by the California Secretary of State led to the decertification of the GEMS version used in Humboldt County. Ballot Browser was developed by Mitch Trachtenberg and is available, free, from http www.tevsystems.com. References Ballot Browser home page http www.tevsystems.com Mitch Trachtenberg s essay on developing Ballot Browser http www.mitchtrachtenberg.com ourvotes.html Article from Wired s Threat Level blog by Kim Zetter http www.wired.com threatlevel 2008 12 unique transpar Secretary of State Debra Bowen s report to the Federal EAC on the Diebold problem http www.eac.gov assets 1 AssetManager Report 20CA 20SOS 20Debra 20Bowen 20to 20EAC 20on 20Diebold 20Premier 20March 202 202009 Revised.pdf Google archive of http www.sos.ca.gov elections voting systems sos humboldt report to eac 03 02 09.pdf Category Election technology software ... more details
Refimprove date May 2010 The random ballot is a hypothetical voting method in an election or referendum , the ballot of a single voter is selected at random, and that ballot decides the result of the election. In this way, each candidate or option wins with a probability exactly equal to the fraction of the electorate favouring that candidate or option. The random ballot method is decisive, in that there is no possibility of a tied vote, assuming that the selected voter has expressed a preference if not then another ballot can be selected at random . It is unbiased in that the probability of a particular result is equal to the proportion of total support that that result has in all the votes. It is also strategy free in that there is no advantage in tactical voting . But it is not deterministic, in that a different random selection could have produced a different result, and it does not conform to majority rule since there is a substantial possibility that the selected voter may be in the minority group minority . Random ballot is most often used to explain some of the properties of other ... who are placed in a high position on the ballot paper will receive extra votes as a result ... of candidates on the ballot in favour of either ranking by the parties e.g., the Australian Senate ... Capital Territory . When candidates are ordered by lot on the ballot, the advantage of donkey voting ... by selecting the required number of ballot papers at random. Thus, if the quota is 1,000 votes ... , electoral officials select 200 ballot papers randomly from the 1,200. However, this has been criticised ... of fractional transfer , a.k.a. the Gregory method , by which all 1,200 ballot papers are transferred ... with the elected candidate, while the value of the 1,200 ballot papers transferred equals only 200 votes. A random ballot elects a representative by choosing a ballot at random sortition is similar but elects individuals directly by lot, as if each ballot involved individuals voting for themselves ... more details
orphan date November 2009 A signed ballot is sometimes used as a substitute for a roll call vote . It allows the members votes can be recorded in the minutes without the chair having to call the names of each member individually. ref RONR 10th ed. , p. 406 ref A motion to use a signed ballot is one of the motions relating to methods of voting and the polls . References reflist Category Parliamentary procedure poli stub ... more details
Thoroughbred racehorse infobox horsename Ballot image File Ballot horse .jpg 200px caption Circa 1908. sire Voter horse Voter grandsire Friar s Balsam dam Cerito damsire Lowland Chief sex Stallion horse Stallion foaled 1904 country United States colour Chestnut coat Chestnut breeder Castleton Lyons Castleton Stud owner James R. Keene trainer James G. Rowe, Sr. record 37 20 5 6 earnings United States dollar US 154,545 race Matron Stakes United States Matron Stakes 1906 br Neptune Stakes 1906 br Century Handicap 1907, 1908 br Edgemere Handicap 1907 br First Special Handicap 1907 br Great Republic ... 1908 br Broadway Stakes 1909 awards American Champion Older Male Horse br 1908, 1910 honours Ballot Handicap at Aqueduct Racetrack updated April 4, 2010 Ballot 1904 1937 was an American two time Champion ... two Ballot won important races in 1906 but was overshadowed by that year s Champion , Salvidere ... and a half in winning the Second Special Handicap at Gravesend Race Track . At age four in 1908 Ballot ... earned him retrospective American Champion Older Male Horse honors. Ballot raced in England in 1909 ... BEkEAAAAIBAJ&pg 2729,6710455&dq ballot handicap&hl en Pittsburg Press May 26, 1910 ref His biggest ... New York Times June 28, 1910 ref Ballot finished second in the August 4 Saratoga ... Constitution&desc Ballot Will Race No More.&pqatl google Atlanta Constitution August 10, 1910 article titled Ballot Will Race No More ref His win in the Advance Stakes combined with top three finishes in other major races earned Ballot retrospective honors as the Co American Champion Older Male Horse of 1910. As a sire Retired to Stud animal stud duty, Ballot stood at his owner s farm in 1911 then was sent ..., Forever b. 1917 , Ballot was the damsire of 1928 Belmont Stakes winner Vito horse Vito . Through another daughter, Rose Leaves b. 1916 , Ballot left his most significant mark as the damsire of Bull ... . References http www.pedigreequery.com ballotBallot s pedigree and partial racing stats refs ... more details
Ballot access rules, called nomination rules outside the United States , regulate the conditions ... ballot access rules can impact the civil rights of candidates, political parties and voters. Overview of ballot access Each U.S. State state has its own ballot access laws to determine who may ... argument put forward by States for restricting ballot access has been the presumption that setting ballot access criteria too low would result in numerous candidates on the ballot, splitting the votes ... to print 100 names on a ballot. However, proponents of ballot access reform say that reasonably easy access to the ballot does not lead to a glut of candidates, even where many candidates do appear on the ballot, as was the case in the crowded 2003 California recall . In that case, such actual crowding did not confuse voters Even though 135 candidates appeared on the ballot, newspapers reported ... access.org 2003 1101.html 10 Recall Results , Ballot Access News , 1 November 2003 . Retrieved 22 September 2008. ref Historically, there were generally no restrictions on ballot access in the United States until after the introduction of the so called Australian ballot beginning in the 1880s ... to the polling place and deposit it in the ballot box. The 1880s reform movement that led to officially ... over who could be on the ballot. As historian Peter Argersinger has pointed out, the reform that conferred power on officials to regulate who may be on the ballot carried with it the danger that this power ... Democratic Parties , would enact restrictive ballot access laws to influence election outcomes to ensure re election of their own party s candidates. Perhaps the most prominent advocate of the 1880s ballot ... for nomination to the official ballot for a legislative office. In the twentieth century, ballot ... that the burdens created by these new ballot access requirements usually in the form of difficult signature ... candidates. ref Richard Winger, http www.ballot access.org winger iba.html The Importance of Ballot ... more details
Expert subject Politics date February 2009 globalize date December 2010 voting A provisional ballot is used to record a vote when there are questions in regards to a given Voter eligibility voter s eligibility . A provisional ballot would be cast when The voter refuses to show a photo ID in regions that require one The voter s name does not appear on the electoral roll for the given precinct. The voter s registration contains inaccurate or out dated information such as the wrong address or a misspelled name. The voter s ballot has already been recorded Whether a provisional ballot is counted is contingent upon the verification of that voter s eligibility. Many voters do not realize that the provisional ballot is not counted until 7 10 days after election so their vote does not affect the calling of the states to different candidates. A guarantee that a voter could cast a provisional ballot if he or she believes that they are entitled to vote was one of the guarantees of the Help America Vote Act of 2002. History The right of political parties to have observers at polling place s is old. ref Title XIV, Chapter 5, Sec. 4922, http www.archive.org details electionlawsofst00ohiorich The Election Laws of the State of Ohio , Ohio Secretary of State, 1920. ref One of the established roles ... a voters right to vote was challenged, state laws typically allowed them to cast a challenged ballot ... provisional 20ballots.pdf The Provisional Ballot vs. Challenged Ballot , Nov. 16, 2005. ref The right to a provisional ballot, as enacted by the Help America Vote Act, brings a degree of uniformity to the array of various challenged ballot rules enacted by various states. Potential Problems ... to have their votes counted, but at their worst, the offer of a provisional ballot can be a way ... pdfs Provisional Ballot Report Final 9 16 08.pdf Provisional Voting Fail Safe ... Votes May Be Stuck in Limbo Washington Post DEFAULTSORT Provisional Ballot Category Elections ... more details
Refimprove date February 2009 Voting An absentee ballot is a vote cast by someone who is unable or unwilling ... a voter can participate in an absentee ballot. Methods Postal voting In a postal vote , the ballot ... ballot there is no way of verifying that they voted for the correct candidate. In an attempt ... ref voters obtain their passwords to access the ballot through the postal service. Most voters in Estonia ... ballot. All a voter needs is a computer, an electronic card reader, their ID card and its PIN, and they can ... ballot. Texas law allows American astronauts who cannot vote in person and are unable to vote via absentee ballot such as those aboard the International Space Station and Mir space station cast ... ballot examples Germany In all ? maybe. Germany German elections, postal vote s are available on demand ... not have an absentee ballot system for all citizens. In a restricted sense, The Representation of the People ... on the move to cast their vote through absentee ballot system. ref http voterswithoutborders.org ... set of circumstances. The Constitution of Ireland Irish constitution requires a secret ballot and the courts ..., nursing homes and other similar institutions. Israel Israel does not have an absentee ballot ... is available. Voters can authorise someone else to cast their ballot without having to go through a registration procedure. Voters can cast a maximum of 2 proxy votes along with their own ballot. Postal ... title GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE SPECIAL BOARD OF ELECTION INSPECTORS AND SPECIAL BALLOT RECEPTION ... on Political Rights ref and all cantons also allow it for cantonal ballot issues. All voters receive their personal ballot by mail and may either cast it at a polling station or mail it back. United ... ballot is a ballot that the voter records and casts at a location other than the designated .... Citation needed date October 2008 Typically a voter must request an absentee ballot at least a week ... of the election process, including voter registration and absentee ballot requests. Balloting materials ... more details
The Peace Ballot of 1935 was a nationwide questionnaire of five questions attempting to discover the British public s attitude to the League of Nations and collective security . The Ballot was largely organised by the League of Nations Union and spearheaded by the LNU s president, Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood Lord Robert Cecil . It was not an official referendum , although millions of people voted in it. According to Dame Adelaide Livingstone who wrote the official history of the ballot, the first objective of the Peace Ballot from the outset, even before the questions had been posed, was to prove that the United Kingdom British public supported a policy of the League of Nations as the central determining factor of British foreign policy. Half a million supporters asked all those registered to vote in parliamentary elections. From February 1935 onwards through to May there was a rapid rise in the numbers of people voting in the Ballot. The poll was completed in June 1935 and the final results were announced on 28 June 1935. The total number who voted was approximately 11,000,000. By contrast 20,991,488 of people voted in the United Kingdom general election, 1935 general election five months later. The first question of the Ballot was Should Great Britain remain a Member of the League of Nations? . Yes , 11,090,387. No , 355,883. The second question was Are you in favour of all round reduction of armaments by international agreement? . Yes , 10,470,489. No , 862,775. The third question was Are you in favour of an all round abolition of national military and naval aircraft by international agreement? . Yes , 9,533,558. No , 1,689,786. The fourth question was Should ... and Foreign Policy , The Public Opinion Quarterly , Vol. 1, No. 1. January, 1937 , pp. 57 8. ref The Ballot ... if other countries continued to re arm. The Peace Ballot s supporters included the Labour Party UK Labour ... and physicians . Notes references References Dame Adelaide Livingstone , The Peace Ballot The Official ... more details
voting A refused ballot , or similar alternative, is a choice available to voters in many elections . This is an alternative for many people to casting a disparaging Spoiled ballot , which is not counted separately from ballots which have been accidentally spoiled. Canada As of March 2011, Canadian federal elections do not currently allow a ballot to be refused ref http www.elections.ca res pub ecdocs EC50355 e.pdf ref . Referred to as a protest ballot, according to Elections Canada. In provincial elections, the provinces of Manitoba , Nova Scotia , Ontario and Alberta , as well as the Yukon Territory , all allow voters to refuse their ballot at a polling station , which is then recorded as having been refused. Citation needed date September 2011 During the Canadian federal election, 2000 2000 Canadian federal election , a number of voters chiefly in Edmonton, Alberta ate their ballots, as part of what they dubbed the Edible Ballot Society , to protest what they saw as inherently unfair elections. The stunt led Elections Canada to propose that there be legislation allowing federal ballots to be officially refused. ref http www.cbc.ca canadavotes2004 dailyanswer answerweekone.html may29 CBC Canada Votes 2004 Daily Answer Answer Reference Shelf Bot generated title ref Russia Russian electoral ballots used to contain a box named Against All , allowing the voter to register a protest vote against all the candidates running. This was abolished by the Duma in 2006. sup http www.angus reid.com polls index.cfm fuseaction viewItem itemID 12773 sup A March 2004 opinion poll saw ruling President Vladimir Putin draw 70 support from Russians, but Against All managed to claim the second place, ahead of the other candidates. ref http www.uofaweb.ualberta.ca historyandclassics news.cfm?story 25089 News Story Department of History and Classics University of Alberta Bot generated title ref In December 2004, Against All actually managed to draw the highest number of votes in the electoral ... more details
ballot is a voting system used to elect a single winner. Under the exhaustive ballot the elector ... has a majority. The exhaustive ballot is similar to the two round system but with key differences ... in the second round. By contrast, on the exhaustive ballot only one candidate is eliminated per round ... may have to cast votes several times, the exhaustive ballot is not used in large scale public elections ... of a prime minister or the presiding officer of an assembly. The exhaustive ballot is currently ... An example of a ballot paper. In each round of an exhaustive ballot the voter simply marks an x beside ... Under some variants of the exhaustive ballot there is no formal rule for eliminating candidates ... Farmer Labor Party for U.S. Senate endorsement 2008 will use an exhaustive ballot with a dropoff ... Candidates receiving less than 5 will be dropped after the first ballot. On subsequent ballots, the dropoff threshold will be raised by 5 each ballot to a maximum of 25 . After the fifth ballot and each subsequent ballot, the lowest remaining candidates will be dropped so that no more than two candidates ..., then the two candidates who received the highest percent of the vote on the prior ballot shall be the remaining ... I An election using the exhaustive ballot is held at a restaurant to choose a dessert item. There are 25 ... Presiding Officers of the Scottish Parliament are elected by the exhaustive ballot method. The host city of the Olympic Games is chosen by an exhaustive ballot of members of the International Olympic ... of the British House of Commons is elected by secret ballot by members of the house. If no candidate ... proceed according to the ordinary rules of the exhaustive ballot. The Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons is elected under essentially the same variant of the exhaustive ballot used for the British ... is reached on the first ballot, additional rounds follow until one candidate reaches a majority. In the past ... the conventions. Similar systems The two round system As noted above the exhaustive ballot is similar ... more details
Notability Film date October 2010 Infobox film name After the Ballot director Manuel Foglia released Film date 2008 country Film Canada After the Ballot is a documentary film by Manuel Foglia, produced by the National Film Board of Canada . The film was released in 2008. It follows the lives of two Qu bec MNAs Charlotte L cuyer , a Liberal back bencher, and Daniel Turp , a Parti Qu b cois Shadow Minister . The film follows L cuyer and her troubles with her own government. She wants to preserve her riding s lumbering jobs, although her government, insofar as it is presented in the film, is committed to preserving forests. Turp, on the hand, does not seem to have the same constituency problems. Here, the film focuses on his reaction to various political actions undertaken by the PQ, and his considering running for PQ leadership. Of these two MNAs only Charlotte L cuyer has held on to her seat in subsequent elections. Daniel Turp lost his seat to Qu bec solidaire member Amir Khadir . The filming took place during the Liberal Party s first majority government 2003 2007 , under Premier Jean Charest . During the filming, Bernard Landry faced a leadership challenged, launched, in part, by Pauline Marois . Landry lost support of his party, and stepped down as leader. Marois would not win the following leadership election, the prize instead going to Andr Boisclair . Although, following a terrible showing in the 2007 provincial election, Boisclair gave up leadership of his party. Marois would then become leader of the PQ, and is still today. Thomas Mulcair , now a Member of Parliament for the New Democratic Party , also features in the film as Minister of Sustainable Development in Jean Charest s Liberal government. The original, untranslated title of the film is Chers lecteurs. DEFAULTSORT After The Ballot Category 2008 films Category Documentary films about Quebec politics Category National Film Board of Canada documentaries ... more details
Image Malcolm X NYWTS 2a.jpg right thumb Malcolm X, March 1964. The Ballot or the Bullet is the name of a public speaking public speech by human rights activist Malcolm X . In the speech, which was delivered on April 3, 1964, at Cory Methodist Church in Cleveland, Ohio Cleveland , Ohio , ref Malcolm X Speaks , p. 23. ref Malcolm advised African American s to judiciously exercise their right to vote, but he cautioned that if the government continued to prevent African Americans from attaining full equality, it might be necessary for them to take up arms. It was ranked 7th in the top 100 American ... Malcolm X Speaks , p. 24. ref blockquote The ballot Malcolm X noted that 1964 was an election year ... a weapon the ballot could be, if it was exercised with care blockquote A ballot is like a bullet ..., keep your ballot in your pocket. ref name Speaks38 Malcolm X Speaks , p. 38. ref blockquote The government Although he advocated exercising the ballot, Malcolm X expressed skepticism that voting would ... more politically mature and realize what the ballot is for what we re supposed to get when we cast a ballot and that if we don t cast a ballot, it s going to end up in a situation where we re going to have to cast a bullet. It s either a ballot or a bullet. ref Malcolm X Speaks , p. 30. ref blockquote ... these people never dreamed of. In 1964, it s the ballot or the bullet. ref name Speaks44 blockquote Analysis The Ballot or the Bullet served several purposes at a critical point in Malcolm X s life. It was part ... from the Nation of Islam The Ballot or the Bullet presented a fundamental difference with the Nation ..., a common theme of his speeches when he was the spokesman for the Nation of Islam. In The Ballot or the Bullet ... http teachingamericanhistory.org library index.asp?document 1147 The Ballot or the Bullet , Cory Methodist Church, Cleveland, April 3, 1964 http thespeechsite.com en famous.shtml The Ballot ... Ballot or the Bullet Category Speeches by Malcolm X Category 1964 in politics ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Ballot Result Type Compilation album Artist Minutemen band Minutemen Cover Ballotresult.jpg Released 1987 Recorded September 1980 November 30, 1985 Genre Alternative rock , post punk , hardcore punk Length 69 06 Label SST Records Producer Mike Watt Last album Minuteflag br 1986 This album Ballot Result br 1987 Next album Post Mersh Vol. 1 br 1987 Ballot Result is a posthumous live compilation album by Minutemen band Minutemen . The story of Ballot Result starts with the Tour Spiel EP in 1984. Minutemen had been given a copy of a tape of a live radio performance for the Virgin Vinyl Show they had done in Tucson, Arizona, four songs of which they used for the EP. The recording engineer engineer of that particular session later claimed that Minutemen had not got his permission to use the recording and reacted by releasing a bootleg album, ...Just a Minute Men . The sudden existence of the bootleg album, which the engineer blatantly promoted through magazines like Spin magazine Spin and Flipside magazine Flipside , upset Minutemen enough that the group decided to do an anti bootleg album, 3 Dudes 6 Sides 3 Studio 3 Live . The group printed ballots which they passed out to fans during their summer and fall 1985 performances as well as planned to insert into the first pressing of their next studio album, 3 Way Tie For Last the ballots would determine which songs the band would record for the live portion of the album. The automotive death of guitarist and lead singer D. Boon on December 22, 1985 scuttled Minutemen, putting an end ... minutemen albums album 200702 review 5944269 ballot result link Original Double Album Side one ... and Take Our Test Kira Roessler Kira bass on Tour Spiel The actual Ballot Results According to the back cover of Ballot Result , these results are from ballots received by SST Records ... Records compilation albums Category Live albums published posthumously pt Ballot Result ... more details
Infobox Brand name Oral B logo File Oral B logo.svg 220px fate type Oral hygiene currentowner Procter & Gamble previousowners company type Subsidiary company slogan introduced 1950 dissolved origin United States key people markets World Worldwide website http www.oralb.com Oral B Official website File Oral B CrossAction Pro Health.jpg thumb Oral B CrossAction Pro Health Toothbrush & Essential Floss Oral B is a popular brand of oral hygiene products, including toothbrushes , toothpastes , mouthwashes and dental floss . It all started with a dentist, back in 1950, who created the first Oral B toothbrush and its soft, end rounded nylon bristles. Dr. Robert Hutson, a California periodontist, designed and patented the first Oral B toothbrush. He also created the Oral B brand name. The first product was known as the Oral B 60, said Dr. Hutson, because it had 60 tufts. Dr. Hutson started small, with a family business. He would wrap the orders in the basement, then load them in the back seat of the car and take them down to the post office to be mailed. The role of the dentist was critical from the very beginning. Dr. Hutson said, I knew I had a good thing but the acceptance by the dentist was something I never expected having a product that was accepted by the dentist and the dentist in turn told the people about it. ref http www.oralb.com arabia en aboutus history.asp ref and has been a member of the Proctor and Gamble family since 2006. ref http www.oralb.co.uk about Oral B About Oral B.co.uk ref See also Portalbox Dentistry Oral B Glide List of Procter & Gamble brands References Reflist External links http www.oralb.com Oral B Official website Procter & Gamble Category Procter & Gamble brands Category Oral hygiene da Oral B es Oral B fa fr Oral B hr Oral B it Oral B simple Oral B zh B ... more details
Oral Surgery is a recognized international specialty in dentistry . It includes the diagnosis, surgical and related treatment of diseases, injuries and defects involving both the functional and esthetic aspects of the hard and soft tissues of the head, mouth, teeth, gums, jaws and neck. ref http www.aaoms.org American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons ref It involves, but is not limited to dental implants, wisdom teeth removal, apicoectomy , Temporomandibular joint disorder TMJ disorder , facial trauma, corrective jaw surgery, oral pathology, osseous tissue surgery, anesthesia and bone grafts. Unlike in the United States, in some areas of the world it is separate from Oral and maxillofacial surgery Oral and Maxillofacial surgery OMS, OMFS, or Maxfacs , which is a unique specialty usually requiring both medical and dental qualifications of 8 10 years of education after college. Oral surgery as a specialty is defined in Europe as a dental specialty ref Directive 2001 19 EC Official Journal of the European Communities L 206, 31.07.2001 ref . It requires 3 years of further university training after a formal qualification in dentistry . The Directive 2001 19 EC also distinguishes Oral Surgery from other evidence of formal qualifications in specialized Medicine, such as oral ... to the European oral surgeon . Based on the scope of practice in the United States, oral surgeons are those who, internationally, would be more appropriately described as Oral and maxillofacial surgery oral and maxillofacial surgeons . In 2007, the United Kingdom s General Dental Council transferred dentists on the specialist list in Surgical Dentistry to a reconfigured Oral Surgery list. ref http www.gdc uk.org News publications and events News releases Oral surgery and surgical dentistry ... Laser References Portal Dentistry Reflist Category Dentistry branches Category Oral surgery de Oralchirurgie el es Cirug a oral pl Chirurgia stomatologiczna ru ... more details
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