Deleted image removed Image On Line System FJCC 1968.jpg thumb On Line System 1968 NLS , or the oN Line System , was a revolutionary computer collaboration system designed by Douglas Engelbart and implemented ... Institute SRI during the 1960s. The NLSsystem was the first to employ the practical use of hypertext links, the Computer mouse mouse co invented by Engelbart and colleague Bill English computer engineer Bill English , raster scan raster scan Computer display video monitors , information organized ... SDS 940 computer running the Berkeley Timesharing System in 1968. ref name work86 It had an approximately ... accessdate April 20, 2011 ref In 1970 NLS was ported to the PDP 10 computer as modified by BBN ... own computer. Firsts All of the features of NLS were in support of Engelbart s goal of augmenting ... through 2008 a volunteer group from the Computer History Museum attempted to restore the system. ref cite web title NLS Augment Index work Software Preservation Group publisher Computer History Museum ... title NLS Restoration Technical Discussion Archives publisher Computer History Museum url http chm.cim3.net ... it ON Line System ja NLS pl ON Line System pt NLS ... to 1960, and published a framework in 1962. The strange acronym, NLS instead of OLS was an artifact of the evolution of the system. His first computers were not able to support more than one user at a time ... a system where off line users that is, anyone not sitting at the one terminal available could still ... was complete, then the user would feed into the computer the paper tape on which the last document draft had been stored, followed by the new commands to be applied, and then the computer would .... To avoid two acronyms starting with the same letter, the Off Line Text System was abbreviated FLTS, while the On Line Text System was abbreviated NLTS. As the system evolved to support more than just text, the T was dropped and the interactive version became known as NLS. ref cite web title ... more details
NLS may refer to TOC right Computing NLScomputersystem or oN Line System, a pioneering computersystem by Douglas Engelbart National Language Support or Native Language Support, in software Organisations National Language Services , South Africa National Longitudinal Surveys , U.S. National Lifeguard Service , Canada Business Non Linear Systems , electronics manufacturer Nautilus, Inc. , stock symbol NLS, fitness products manufacturer Education North Leamington School , England Nottingham Law School , a law school in Nottingham, England National Law School of India University , Bangalore Libraries National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped , U.S. mail circulation service National Library of Scotland Science and technology Nuclear localization signal , in biology Nonlinear Schr dinger equation , in physics Non linear least squares , in statistics, a method used in regression analysis Spaceflight Nanosatellite Launch System , based at the University of Toronto National Launch System , a 1991 Space Shuttle alternative study Transport Nailsea and Backwell railway station station code NLS, England Niles Amtrak station station code NLS, Michigan, United States Other Nimrod Line Squadron , former military service unit at RAF Kinloss National League System , in English football See also lookfrom intitle disambiguation de NLS fr NLS ko NLS it NLS pl NLS ... more details
In cryptography , NLS is a stream cipher stream cypher algorithm designed by Gregory Rose , Philip Hawkes , MIchael Paddon , and Miriam Wiggers de Vries . It has been submitted to the eSTREAM Project of the eCRYPT network. crypto stub Crypto navbox stream Category Stream ciphers ... more details
Refimprove date February 2008 Infobox musical artist name NLS Crew background group or band genre Hip hop music Hip Hop br Crunk br Thrash metal br Electro music Electro years active 2005 2006 associated acts Test Icicles br Lightspeed Champion br Naked Babes br Balls br Das Meat br The Red in Sophie Loren br Manpower br Nailed Down br INTENSEDUDES br demon sic website http www.myspace.com nls Official MySpace current members Sam E Danger aka Sam Mehran br Nigga Bullshit aka Devonte Hynes br Velour Gangsta aka Deano Jo, Head of Real Gold br Ben.L.S aka Ben Rayner NLS Crew was a short lived hip hop music hip hop and thrash metal Fusion music fusion group, formed as a spin off from Test Icicles . History The group was formed in February 2005 by Devonte Hynes , Sam Mehran , Deano Jo and photographer http www.benrayner.com Ben Rayner . NLS Crew amalgamized the music of Crunk , West Coast Rap , Thrash metal Thrash Metal and Electro music Electro , in a way similar to Hynes and Mehran s primary band, Test Icicles . The anacronym of NLS was taken from Mehran s Australia n childhood friends, who used to use the term Next Level Shit to describe anything of quality. In April 2005 the group self released a Multitrack recording 4 track Extended play EP , made entirely of music made using the Zoom audio company Zoom SB 246 . The group played two shows, one in Liverpool and the other in London, both of them in supporting Death from Above 1979 in May 2005. References reflist External links http profile.myspace.com index.cfm?fuseaction user.viewprofile&friendid 8157228 Official Myspace Category Grime artists ... more details
multiple issues notability October 2010 original research October 2010 primarysources October 2010 orphan November 2010 The National Law School Debate NLS Debate is an annual debating tournament conducted by the Literary and Debating Society of the National Law School of India University , Bangalore , for teams from Universities all over Asia. It is one of the largest inter varsity Parliamentary Debating tournament in Asia with over 450 participants. Citation needed date November 2010 The debates is held in the 3 on 3 format. The 9th Edition of the debate is slated to be held from 6th 10 November. ref cite news url http www.hindu.com 2010 11 07 stories 2010110760090300.htm title Karnataka Bangalore News When students talk their way to an award publisher The Hindu date 2010 11 07 accessdate 2010 11 10 location Chennai, India ref History NLS D began with an intent to popularize debating across the country has advanced in its quality, and has improved in terms of the reach of the tournament. NLS D remains the only South Asian face of any International debate competition.The debate had very humble beginnings. The 1st edition which happened in the November of 2002, saw nine teams taking part. It followed the 2 on 2 debating format. St. Stephen s College was the winner, while National University of Juridical Sciences NUJS were the runners up. The 4th edition of the Debate saw it being transmuted into a 3 on 3 parliamentary Debating format. The number of participating teams increased from 9 to 80, in a span of 9 years. The debate has seen the participation of many Indian Institutions like Indian Institute of Technology , Bombay IIT B , St. Stephen s College, Loyola College, Hansraj etc. and International teams like Faculty of Law Colombo FOLC , Lahore University of Management Studies LUMS , The American University of Bangladesh etc. The Debate has managed to stay on the fun side of the spectrum with its legendary break night party with flowing alcohol, which is the social ... more details
logo fur REQUIRED Article National Life Stories Use Org HIGHLY RECOMMENDED Source National Life Stories, The British Library ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Used for Owner Website www.bl.uk nls History Commentary OVERRIDE FIELDS Description logo of National Life Stories Portion Low resolution Purpose Replaceability other information non free logo ... more details
Macaulay is a computer algebra system for doing polynomial computations, particularly Gr bner basis calculations. Macaulay is designed for solving problems in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry . It is named after Francis Sowerby Macaulay F.S. Macaulay , who worked in elimination theory . Macaulay was developed by Dave Bayer and Mike Stillman and was later completely rewritten by Dan Grayson and Mike Stillman as Macaulay2 . See also Portal Free software Macaulay2 Comparison of computer algebra systems External links Official website http www.math.columbia.edu bayer Macaulay Computer algebra systems DEFAULTSORT Macaulay Computer Algebra System Category Free computer algebra systems es Macaulay ... more details
the SINGULAR computer algebra system from within GAP. GAP is also included in the mathematical software system Sage mathematics software Sage . Sample session gap G SmallGroup 8,1 Set G to be a group ... GAP to Singular http ggap.sourceforge.net Frontend for GAP computer algebra system. Computer algebra systems DEFAULTSORT Gap Computer Algebra System Category Free computer algebra systems Category Linux computer algebra system software de GAP Software es GAP sistema algebraico computacional fr GAP System ja GAP pl GAP oprogramowanie pt GAP inform tica ru GAP ..., are distributed freely, subject to copyleft conditions. GAP runs on any Unix system, under .... The user contributed packages are an important feature of the system, adding a great deal of functionality ... Wikibooks Fractals Mathematics group Comparison of computer algebra systems External links Official ... more details
entries may remain commented out for further review. The following is a list of notable Computercomputersystem manufacturer s . Current refbegin 4 col begin ABS Computer Technologies Parent Newegg ... list of desktop and laptop companies DEFAULTSORT ComputerSystem Manufacturers Category Computing lists ... Industrial PC in Taiwan Axiomtek Belinea BenQ Bluechip Computer Cerise Computers Certified Data ... Manufacturing Dell Alienware Dera Dino PC Doxx Computer Elitegroup Computer Systems ref http www.ecs.com.tw ... Fujitsu Gaming PC Gericom Gigabyte Technology Gigabyte Groupe Bull HLBS Tech P Limited Hardcore Computer ... http raincomputers.com ?ref logo ref Red Wing Computer & I.T. Services RP Infosystems Pvt Ltd Ramos ... Computer ref http www.stealth.com ref Stone Computers Systemax Circuit City CompUSA TigerDirect System76 Tangerine Inc. Tadpole Computer The PC Heaven ThinkPenguin.com Toshiba TriGem TriGem Computer ... Inc. Xitrix Xitrix Computer Corporation Zenith Computers Zinox Computers Zoostorm Zotac col end refend Defunct Alliant Computer Systems Ceased operations in 1992. Altos Computer Systems acquired ... Computer Acquired by Hewlett Packard in 1989. Apricot Computers ceased operations in 1999. Ardent Computer Merged with Stellar Computer to form Stardent in 1989. AST Computers, LLC Exited the computer market in 2001. Atari Corporation AT&T Austin Computer Systems Burroughs Merged with Sperry Corporation .... CompuAdd filed for bankruptcy in 1993. Computer Automation Control Data Corporation Control Data Corporation CDC Shrank as units were spun off from 1988 to 1992 remainder is now Ceridian . Convex Computer ... Computer ceased operations in 1986. Eckert Mauchly Computer Corporation Eckert Mauchly Computer Acquired by Remington Rand in 1950. Elonex &mdash Sells tablets as of 2011 Encore Computer Acquired by Gores ... Computer Services in 2002. English Electric merged into International Computers Limited . Everex ... Computer Corporation exited computer hardware business and reorganized into Franklin Electronic ... more details
Dcas is a dynamic computer algebra system featuring the idea of using identities as rules for manipulation of algebra . Robert Fenichel developed a system called FAMOUS in the 1970s using the LISP programming language pursuing the same aim. A modern system DCAS has been implemented by Martin Johansen called DCAS Ether . The system works by selecting a Class computer science class of identities based on the form of the input expression. Here are two examples of identity collections, one for basic algebra, the other for Boolean algebra logic Boolean algebra . pre nowiki Distributivity x a b a x b x Powers a b c a c b c a b c a b c nowiki pre pre nowiki add, sub solveequ x, gfvi f x gfve a x gfve b x solveequ x, f b a solveequ x, gfvi f x gfve a x c gfve b x solveequ x, f c b a mul, div solveequ x, gfvi f x gfve a x c gfve b x solveequ x, f c b a solveequ x, gfvi f x gfve a x gfve b x solveequ x, f b a nowiki pre See also Comparison of computer algebra systems External links http sourceforge.net projects dcas DCAS Ether Computer algebra systems Category Free computer algebra systems Category Free software programmed in C es Dynamic Computer Algebra System ... more details
Reduce is a general purpose computer algebra system geared towards applications in physics. The development of the Reduce computer algebra system was started in the 1960s by Anthony C. Hearn . Since then, many Citation needed date August 2008 scientists from all over the world have contributed to its development under his direction. Reduce is written entirely in its own Lisp programming language LISP dialect called Standard LISP , expressed in an ALGOL Algol like syntax called RLISP . The latter is used as a basis for Reduce s user level language. Implementations of Reduce are available on most variants of Unix , Linux , Microsoft Windows , or Apple Macintosh systems by using an underlying Portable Standard LISP or Codemist Standard LISP implementation. Reduce was open source d on December 2008 and is available for free under a modified BSD license on SourceForge . Previously it had cost 695. See also Portal box Free software Mathematics Comparison of computer algebra systems External links http www.reduce algebra.com Tony Hearn s Reduce website. http sourceforge.net projects reduce algebra Reduce SourceForge project page. http reduce algebra.sourceforge.net Reduce website on SourceForge. Anthony C. Hearn, http www.reduce algebra.com docs reduce.pdf Reduce User s Manual Version 3.8 , February 2004. http reduce algebra.sourceforge.net manual manual pdf.html In HTML format. Anthony C. Hearn, http www.reduce algebra.com reduce40.pdf Reduce The First Forty Years , invited paper presented at the A3L Conference in Honor of the 60th Birthday of Volker Weispfenning, April 2005. science software stub Computer algebra systems DEFAULTSORT Reduce computer algebra system Category Computer algebra systems Category Free computer algebra systems Category Free software programmed in Lisp de Reduce Computeralgebrasystem es Reduce ja REDUCE pt Reduce ... more details
italictitle Infobox Journal title Journal of Computer and System Sciences cover File Journal of Computer and System Sciences.gif discipline Computer Science abbreviation JCSS publisher Elsevier country frequency 6 issues per year history 1967 to present openaccess no website http www.elsevier.com locate jcss ISSN 0022 0000 The Journal of Computer and System Sciences JCSS is a peer review peer reviewed scientific journal journal in the field of computer science . JCSS is published by Elsevier , and it was started in 1967. Many influential scientific articles have been published in JCSS these include four papers that have won the G del Prize . ref http sigact.acm.org prizes godel 1993.html 1993 G del Prize , http sigact.acm.org prizes godel 2003.html 2003 G del Prize , http sigact.acm.org prizes godel 2005.html 2005 G del Prize , and http sigact.acm.org prizes godel 2007.html 2007 G del Prize . ref Notes reflist References cite web title Top journals in computer science date 14 May 2009 work Times Higher Education accessdate 22 August 2009 url http www.timeshighereducation.co.uk story.asp?sectioncode 26&storycode 406557 cite web title Journal Rankings date July 2008 work CORE The Computing Research and Education Association of Australasia accessdate 22 August 2009 url http www.core.edu.au journal 20rankings Journal 20Rankings.html Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot External links ISSN 0022 0000 http www.elsevier.com locate jcss Journal homepage http www.sciencedirect.com science journal 00220000 ScienceDirect access http www.informatik.uni trier.de ley db journals jcss DBLP information sci journal stub Category Computer science journals Category Elsevier academic journals ... more details
A computer algebra system CAS is a Application software software program that facilitates symbolic mathematics ... mat rix lab oratory which is a system for numerical computation built 15 years later at the University of New Mexico , accidentally named rather similarly. The first popular computer algebra systems were muMATH , Reduce computer algebra system Reduce , Derive computer algebra system Derive based ... Derive computer algebra system Derive . This, along with its successors including the TI ... hand held computer algebra system. CAS equipped calculators are not permitted on the ACT test ACT ... www.math.wpi.edu IQP BVCalcHist calc5.html Definition and workings of a computer algebra system http www.ericdigests.org 2003 1 age.htm Curriculum and Assessment in an Age of Computer Algebra Systems ... wiki STACK computer aided assessment system. http www.computeralgebra.nl systemsoverview special systems.html A collection of computer algebra systems Computer Algebra SystemComputer algebra systems DEFAULTSORT Computer Algebra System Category Computer algebra systems bg ... simple Computer Algebra System sl Programi za simbolno ra unanje sv Datoralgebrasystem ... it on an external program such as a database, or using in a programming language to use the computer algebra system string manipulation such as string matching matching and string searching ... and packages for computational physics physical computation Some include computer graphics graphic production and editing such as computer generated imagery and signal processing as image processing sound synthesis Some computer algebra systems focus on a specific area of application these are typically ... numbers algebraic . History Computer algebra systems began to appear in the 1960s, and evolved .... Mathematics used in computer algebra systems Symbolic integration Risch algorithm Hypergeometric summation ... function Derivatives Incomplete Gamma function See also Comparison of computer algebra systems Scientific ... more details
Infobox Software name Derive logo screenshot Deleted image removed Image Derive zaslonska slika.png 300px Derive 6 caption Derive 6 developer Texas Instruments programming language muLISP latest release version 6.1 latest release date operating system Microsoft Windows Windows , TI 89 series , TI 92 series , MS DOS status Discontinued genre Computer algebra system license Proprietary software Proprietary Derive was a computer algebra system , developed as a successor to muMATH by the Soft Warehouse in Honolulu, Hawaii , now owned by Texas Instruments . Derive was implemented in muLISP, also by Soft Warehouse. The first release was in 1988. It was discontinued on June 29, 2007 in favor of TI Nspire . The last and final version is Derive 6.1 for MS Windows . Since Derive required comparably little memory, it was suitable for use on older and smaller machines. It was available only for Microsoft Windows Windows and DOS platforms and was used also in TI pocket calculators. Literature Jerry Glynn, Exploring Math from Algebra to Calculus with Derive, A Mathematical Assistant , Mathware Inc, 1992, ISBN 0 9623629 0 5 Leon Magiera, General Physics Problem Solving With Cas Derive , Nova Science Pub Inc 2001, ISBN 1 59033 057 9 Vladimir Dyakonov. Handbook on application system Derive . Moscow Russia 1996, Phismatlit, 320 p, ISBN 5 02 015100 9 Vladimir Dyakonov. Computers algebra systems Derive . Moscow Russia 2002, SOLON R, 320 p, ISBN 5 93455 139 6 See also Comparison of computer algebra systems External links http www.scientific computing.com scwmarapr04derive6.html Derive Review at scientific computing.com http www.austromath.at dug Derive Newsletter from the International Derive Users Group Computer algebra systems Category 1988 software Category Computer algebra systems Category Discontinued software Category Lisp software ca Derive de Derive es Derive ext Derive fr Derive it Derive he Derive pl Derive pt Derive sl Derive ... more details
software and physical damage or other flaws introduced to the system from an outside source. ref Fault tolerant computersystem design book contents. Dhiraj K. Pradhan, Pages 135 138 1996 ISBN 0 13 ... on the application and the available hardware. ref Fault tolerant computersystem design book ... of design in a Fault tolerant design fault tolerant computersystem is making sure it actually ... computer design Fault tolerant computer systems are systems designed around the concepts of fault ... of faults. Types of fault tolerance Most fault tolerant computer systems are designed to be able ... tolerant computer was SAPO computer SAPO , built in 1951 in Czechoslovakia by Antonin Svoboda . ref Computer structures principles and examples, pg 155 By Daniel P. Siewiorek, C. Gordon Bell, Allen ... was done by NASA during the 1960s, ref Computer structures principles and examples, pg 189 By Daniel ... went into a space observatory , and their second attempt, the JSTAR computer, was used in Voyager . This computer had a backup of memory arrays to use memory recovery methods and thus it was called the JPL Self Testing And Repairing computer. It could detect its own errors and fix them or bring up redundant modules as needed. The computer is still working today. Hyper dependable computers were pioneered mostly by aircraft manufacturers, ref Computer structures principles and examples, pg 210 ... fail gracefully enough with a fault to allow continued operation, while relying on the fact that the computer ... the first computer of this kind for NASA for guidance of Saturn V rockets, but later on BNSF , Unisys , and General Electric built their own. ref Computer structures principles and examples, pg 223 .... ref Fault tolerant computing in computer design Neilforoshan, M.R Journal of Computing Sciences ... that, to be fully effective, the system had to be self repairing and diagnosing isolating a fault ... failures, and analyzing how well the system reacts. These statistical models are very complex ... more details
Blockhead is the name of a theoretical computersystem invented as part of a thought experiment by philosopher Ned Block , which appeared in a paper entitled Psychologism and Behaviourism . In this paper, Block argues that the internal mechanism of a system is important in determining whether that system is intelligent , and also claims to show that a non intelligent system could pass the Turing Test . Block asks us to imagine a conversation lasting any given amount of time. He states that, given the nature of language, there are a finite number of syntax syntactically and grammar grammatically correct sentences that can be used to start a conversation. From this follows the point that there is a limit to how many correct responses can be made to this first sentence, and then again to the second sentence, and so on until the conversation ends. Block then asks us to imagine a computer which had been programmed with all these sentences. Although the number of sentences required for a 30 minute conversation is said to be greater than the number of Elementary particle particles in the universe , it is clear that such a machine could at least logically exist this makes for a purely theoretical argument which can t be applied in practice . From this, Block argues that such a machine could continue a conversation with a person on any topic, because the computer would be programmed with every sentence that it was possible to use. On this basis, the computer would be able to pass the Turing test despite the fact according to Block that it was not intelligent. Block says that this does not show that there is only one correct internal structure for generating intelligence, but simply that some internal structures do not generate intelligence. The argument is related to John Searle s Chinese Room . A recent objection to the Blockhead argument is Hanoch Ben Yami 2005 . References Citation ... 18 issue 2 pages 179 186 . DEFAULTSORT Blockhead ComputerSystem Category Theory of computation ... more details
theory Magma includes the KANT computer algebra system for comprehensive computations in algebraic ... GCD http www.math.harvard.edu computing magma Magma example code Computer algebra systems DEFAULTSORT Magma Computer Algebra System Category Functional languages Category Numerical programming languages Category Linux computer algebra system software Category Cross platform software fr Magma ... dmwm ref The Magma system is used extensively within pure mathematics. The Computational Algebra Group .... ref http magma.maths.usyd.edu.au magma citations ref History The predecessor of the Magma system ... once per year. Mathematical areas covered by the system Group theory Magma includes permutation group ... Comparison of computer algebra systems Sage mathematics software Sage , an open source computer algebra system References reflist External links Official website http magma.maths.usyd.edu.au http magma.maths.usyd.edu.au ... more details
Unreferenced date June 2007 Infobox CVG system title Family Computer Disk System logo div style white space nowrap File Family Computer Disk System logo.png 100px Official Family Computer Disk System logo div image div style white space nowrap File Nintendo Famicom Disk System.png 250px Family Computer Disk System connected to the Family Computer div manufacturer Nintendo type Video game console video ... The nihongo Family Computer Disk System Famir Konpy ta Disuku Shisutemu sometimes abbreviated as the Famicom Disk System , the Disk System , or simply the FDS was released on February 21, 1986 by Nintendo as a peripheral for the Nintendo Entertainment System Family Computer ... System and Super Nintendo Entertainment System Super NES being replaced with a Family Computer ... ru Family Computer Disk System simple Family Computer Disk System fi Famicom Disk System zh FC ... storage. It was announced, but never released, for the North America n Nintendo Entertainment System ... to the Famicom deck by plugging a modified cartridge known as the RAM Adapter into the system ... 32 kilobyte s KB of RAM for temporary program storage, 8 KB of RAM for tile and Sprite computer .... A few games used two full disks four sides . The Disk System was capable of running on six C cell ... Entertainment System NES a year or two later, with saving implemented with password resume ... Twin Famicom was a Famicom with built in Disk System. Sharp Corporation Sharp released The nihongo Twin Famicom Tsuinfamikon , a Family Computer model that features a built in Disk System. Technology The Disk System s Disk Cards were somewhat proprietary convert 2.8 x 3 in mm abbr on 56K ... with Nintendo, as it manufactured the Famicom and Nintendo Entertainment System NES consoles, and possibly ... in the FDS s BIOS . After turning on the system, a battle between the two characters would ... System was years ahead of its time in terms of a disk format game console, the system and games both ... more details
noref date June 2010 A library computersystem is the software used to catalog, track circulation where appropriate and inventory a library s assets. It is intended for home, church, private enterprise or other small to medium sized collections. Larger libraries will typically use an integrated library system to manage the more complex activities such as acquisitions, interlibrary loan, and the licensing of online resources. Fact date February 2007 Software criteria Distributed software vs. web service Library computer systems tend to fall into two offerings software to be purchased on a perpetual license or purchased as a subscription service. With distributed software the customer can choose to self install or have the system installed by the vendor on their own hardware and is responsible for the operation and maintenance of the application and the data or can choose to be supported by the vendor with an annual maintenance contract. Some vendors charge for upgrades to the software, and some do not. Customers who subscribe to a web hosted service upload data to the vendor s remote server via the Internet and may pay a periodic fee to access their data. Data entry assistance based on ISBN Many applications can reduce a major portion of manual data entry by populating data fields based upon the entered ISBN using MARC standards technology via the Internet. Barcode scanning and printing With most software, users can eliminate some manual entry by using a barcode scanner. But some software is designed, or can be extended with an additional module, to integrate scanner functionality. While most software vendors provide some type of scanner integration, not all will print labels with barcodes. See also OPAC Integrated library system List of next generation catalogs Database management system Public library ratings Category Library automation ... more details
circa 1965 ref was the first ca. 1960, on ILLIAC I generalized computer assisted instruction system ... in the computer world the last production PLATO system was shut down in 2006 coincidentally, just ... by a local facilities in Champaign Urbana that could enter the system with their custom Computer ... computersystem, most of the user community was keenly interested in gaming. Many popular ... software system on a CDC Cyber Mainframe computer mainframe , from active duty. Existing PLATO ... later, system defined Notesfiles , 1973, the first general purpose computer message board, and precursor ... Data Corporation CDC during the development of PLATO, a computer assisted instruction system ... his work with the PLATO computer assisted education system and outlines the interaction and technology ... rantings of Dr. Gr per DEFAULTSORT Plato ComputerSystem Category CDC software Category Texas Instruments ... Research had a conference about the topic of computer instruction at the University of Pennsylvania ... at the University of Illinois, suggested a computerised learning system to William Everett, the engineering ... weeks of meetings they were unable to suggest a single design system, yet, before conceding failure ..., suggesting he could build a demonstration system. Bitzer, regarded as the Father of PLATO, recognized that in order to provide quality computer based education, good graphics were critical this at a time when 10 character per second teleprinters were the norm . In 1960, the first system, PLATO I, operated on the local ILLIAC I computer. It included a television set for display and a special keyboard for navigating the system s function menus PLATO II, in 1961, featured two users at once. Convinced who? of the value of the project, the PLATO system was re designed, between 1963 and 1969 ... Foundation granted the team steady funding, allowing Bitzer to set up the Computer based Education Research Laboratory CERL at the university. In 1972 a new system named PLATO IV was ready for operation ... more details
Refimprove date May 2009 The Computer Animation Production System CAPS is a proprietary collection of software softwares , scanning camera systems, servers, networked computer workstations, and custom desks developed by The Walt Disney Company together with Pixar in the late 1980s. Its purpose was to computerize the ink and paint and post production processes of traditional animation traditionally ... Animation techniques fr Computer Animation Production System ru Computer Animation Production System ... digital ink and paint system used in animated feature films, designed to replace the expensive ..., and painting the reverse sides of the cels with gouache paint. Using the CAPS system, enclosed areas and lines could be easily colored in the digital computer environment using an unlimited ... into a computer exposure sheet simulating the actions of old style animation cameras. Additionally ... other types of film and video elements, including three dimensional computer animation . Evolution of the system The first usage of the CAPS process was Mickey standing on Epcot s Spaceship Earth Disney Spaceship Earth for The Magical World of Disney titles. The system s first feature film use was in the production of The Little Mermaid 1989 movie The Little Mermaid in 1989 however, the use of the system ... 2D 3D integration. After The Little Matchgirl film The Little Matchgirl , the system has never ... level of image quality using significantly slower computer systems than are available today. The final ... Animation management decided that audiences wanted only 3D computer animated features and closed down ... cameras were dismantled and scrapped. As of 2005, only one desk system remained and that was only for the purpose of reading the data for the films that were made with this system . The acquisition ... produced using Toon Boom Animation Toon Boom Harmony computer software, which offers an updated, more cost effective digital animation system. The Toon Boom software had been in use by the DisneyToons ... more details
Notability date June 2010 Cyclops is a computersystem conceived by British inventor Bill Carlton of Malta , ref Roberts, John. http www.independent.co.uk sport cyclops has company as machine moves to replace net cord judge 1583317.html Cyclops has company as machine moves to replace net cord judge . The Independent 23 November 1995 ref which is used on the Association of Tennis Professionals ATP and Women s Tennis Association WTA professional tennis tours as an Electronic line judge tennis electronic line judge to help determine whether a serve is in or out. The system, which must be activated by the Tennis Officials Chair Umpire chair umpire before each serve, projects five or six infra red horizontal beams of light along the court 10 mm above the ground. One beam covers the good short side of the service line and others cover the fault long side. If a served ball hits the first beam, the other beams are turned off, while a long serve will break one of the other beams. A long serve is indicated by an audible signal. The system is tuned before each tournament and a representative of the company which rents the system stays through the tournament and confers with tournament officials afterwards to determine any problems which may have arisen. The system has been constantly refined to improve accuracy, although no statistics on its efficacy are available. ref Greenman, Catherine. http www.nytimes.com 2000 08 31 technology for us open tennis a service line umpire that never blinks.html For U.S. Open Tennis, a Service Line Umpire That Never Blinks . New York Times August 31, 2000 ref ref http news.bbc.co.uk sportacademy hi sa tennis features newsid 3001000 3001768.stm Sport Academy Cyclops and speed guns BBC website ref The Cyclops computersystem was introduced to the The Championships, Wimbledon Wimbledon Championships in 1980 and the US Open tennis U.S. Open in 1981 ... and Court No. 1 to allow the use of the Hawk Eye system first introduced at the U.S. Open in 2006. ref ... more details
The Entertainment ComputerSystem was an add on peripheral for the Intellivision . It was Mattel Electronics second attempt at creating a peripheral to upgrade the Intellivision into a home computer, rushed ... the Entertainment ComputerSystem, or ECS was presented at the annual sales meeting, officially ... 2600 then known as the Atari VCS would be upgradeable to a fully functional home computer via ... tool, or at least something more useful and practical than just a game playing system , and many bought ... a simultaneous audio track that could be played under computer control , an optional 40 column thermal ... of a Coming Soon personal computer upgrade caught the attention of the Federal Trade Commission ... a fine of 10,000 per day until the promised computer upgrade was in full retail distribution. Fortunately ... was working on a low cost add on called the BASIC Development System, or BDS, which would be sold as an educational device to introduce kids to the concepts of computer programming via a simplified ... CPU. Still, it fulfilled the original promises turn the Intellivision into a computer ... well enough to allow Mattel to claim that they had delivered the promised computer upgrade and, it was hoped ... AY 3 8910 sound chip which expanded the system s audio capabilities to six voice synthesized ... the air in time for the 1982 Christmas season, promising once again that a home computer upgrade ... featured Extended BASIC to the system, were halted, and in the end only a half dozen titles were ... and additional BIOS routines to handle the added hardware features additional 2K of system RAM supposedly, the system could be further expanded to as much as 64K with add on memory modules, but no such modules ... Aquarius two additional input ports for the alphanumeric Computer Keyboard, the Music Synthesizer ... into the Intellivision alphanumeric Computer Keyboard AC adapter spiral bound instruction manual ... and logos. The system would use the same cassette and printer units which were being sold for the Mattel ... more details
Merge from Airline Reservations System date April 2011 Update date September 2010 Refimprove date September 2010 A computer reservations system or central reservation system ref http www.iaweb.net global distribution systems central reservation system.html ref CRS is a computer ized system used to store ... over the telephone. There was no way for agents to directly query the system. Citation needed date February 2011 Remote access In 1953, Trans Canada Airlines TCA started investigating a computer based system with remote Computer terminal terminals , testing one design on the University of Toronto ... system using punched card s and a transistor ized computer in place of the unreliable Vacuum tube tube based Mark I. The resulting system, ReserVec , started operation in 1962, and took over all booking ... level studies started. Their idea of an automated Airline Reservation System ARS resulted in a 1959 venture known as the Sabre computersystem Semi Automatic Business Research Environment SABRE , launched ... an industry wide Computer Reservation System to be a central clearing house for U.S. travel other ... France and West Germany s Lufthansa developed Amadeus computersystem Amadeus , modeled on SystemOne ... Galileo International Tells USDOT Modified Computer Reservation System CRS Rules Necessary to Protect ... System CRS Commercial air travel DEFAULTSORT Computer Reservations System Category Airline tickets ... with the main system. History Origins In 1946, American Airlines installed the first automated booking system, the experimental electromechanical Reservisor . A newer machine with temporary storage based on a magnetic drum , the Magnetronic Reservisor, soon followed. This system proved successful ... system and look for ways that IBM could improve the system. Blair alerted Thomas Watson ... data processing system in the world. Other airlines soon established their own systems. Delta Air Lines launched the Delta Automated Travel Account System DATAS in 1968. United Airlines and Trans World ... more details
CoSy was an early computer conferencing system developed by the University of Guelph in 1983 and 1984. ref Cite journal author Meeks, Brock N. year 1985 month December title An Overview of Conferencing Systems journal Byte volume 10 issue 13 pages 169 184 quote The CoSy conferencing system at Guelph has officially been on line since April of 1983. We started charging people real money for the service in the fall of 1984, said Mayer. ref CoSy was selected by Byte Magazine to launch their Byte Information Exchange BIX system in 1985 ref Cite news author Cocivera, Mary title BYTE magazine goes for CoSy work Guelph University News Bulletin publisher University of Guelph Information Services page 1 date June 20, 1985 issn 0229 2378 ref In addition to BIX, it was used to implement a similar British system named CIX , as well as numerous other installations such as Compupress CompuLink Network . CoSy was also chosen for Open University The Open University s electronic campus . ref cite book title Empowering Networks Computer Conferencing in Education last Waggoner first Michael year 1992 publisher Educational Technology location New Jersey isbn 0877782385 page 73 url http books.google.com books?id 0CYIg9pG2KsC&pg PA73&lpg PA73&dq cosy conferencing system&source bl&ots sE2xHVrf3n&sig CaPw584EDnaIV7G2b4fTmbDEZf4&hl en&ei 0fUBS 7XFoKYsgOPiY3DDg&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 6&ved 0CCEQ6AEwBQ v onepage&q cosy 20conferencing 20system&f false accessdate November 16, 2009 ref Some rights to the software were later acquired by the British Columbia company SoftWords, who developed it into CoSy400 and added a simple web interface, before losing interest. When the BIX system closed down, several former bixen approached University of Guelph and SoftWords and obtained the right to release the original version of CoSy under the GPL . It is now developed as an open source project, and is the basis of the BIX like NLZero Noise Level Zero conferencing service. References reflist External ... more details
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