semiprotected small yes Other uses Selfref 1 For Wikimedia s dictionary project visit span class plainlinks ... thumb 250px A multi volume Latin dictionary by Egidio Forcellini . A dictionary also called a wordbook ..., pronunciations, and other information ref name Web1 Webster s New World College Dictionary, Fourth ... as a lexicon . ref name Web1 According to Sandro Nielsen Nielsen 2008 a dictionary may be regarded ... between the data so that they can meet the needs of users and fulfill the functions of the dictionary ... in the above distinction, for instance bilingual dictionary bilingual translation dictionaries , dictionaries of synonyms thesaurus thesauri , or rhyming dictionaries. The word dictionary unqualified is usually understood to refer to a monolingual general purpose dictionary. ref name Sintro Sterkenburg ... name Sintro The birth of the new discipline was not without controversy, the practical dictionary makers ... in Ebla modern Syria and dated roughly 2300 Common Era BCE . ref name imlqdg cite web title Dictionary ... wordlists. A Chinese dictionary , the ca. 3rd century BCE Erya , was the earliest surviving monolingual dictionary, although some sources cite the ca. 800 BCE Shizhoupian as a dictionary , modern ... surviving Homeric lexicon. ref name imlqdg The first Sanskrit dictionary, the Amarako a, was written ... Shoki , the first Japanese dictionaries Early Japanese lexicography Japanese dictionary was the long lost 682 CE Niina glossary of Chinese characters. The oldest existing Japanese dictionary ... dictionary of Arabic and al Qamus al Muhit 14th c. listed words in the alphabetical order of the radicals. The Qamus al Muhit is the first handy dictionary in Arabic, which includes only words and their definitions ... English Dictionary . ref m s , J. Eckmann, Encyclopaedia of Islam , 2nd ed., Brill ref The earliest ... by Henry George Liddell and Robert Scott appeared in 1843 this work remained the basic dictionary ... in 1998. Also in 1863 Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl published the Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great ... more details
Environmental impact minimizing vehicle tuning refers to the car tuning modifying or tuning of cars to use less energy. General tuning Hybrid electric vehicle Hybridization change to a hybrid electric vehicle . One can use an Aftermarket automotive aftermarket kit ref http www.evworld.com news.cfm?newsid 21291 Plug in Hybrid Retrofit Kit ref for the powertrain or use a hybrid adapter trailer. Modifying key engine selection parameters in the Battery Management System of a hybrid vehicle. Vehicles as mild hybrids have a parameter for the threshold speed on which the vehicle is to switch from electric propulsion to the internal combustion engine. Introducing a higher speed as a parameter can reduce emissions and increase fuel efficiency although it may increase strain on the battery . ref http www.lusciousgarage.com services sections cat modifications Modifying key parameters in the battery management system ref Plug in hybrid Pluginization of hybrid or electric vehicles. ref http www.greengears.net about.php Pluginization of electric vehicles ref A plug in hybrid electric vehicle PHEV is a hybrid which has additional battery capacity and the ability to be recharged from an external electrical outlet. A plug in electric vehicle is basically the same, without an extra internal combustion engine. In addition, modifications are made to the vehicle s control software. The vehicle can be used for short trips of moderate speed without needing the internal combustion engine ICE component of the vehicle, thereby saving fuel costs. In this mode of operation the vehicle operates as a pure battery electric vehicle with a weight penalty the ICE . The long range and additional power of the ICE power train is available when needed. Electric vehicle conversion . An electric vehicle conversion is the modification of a conventional internal combustion engine ICE driven vehicle to battery electric propulsion, creating a battery electric vehicle. In some cases the vehicle may be built by the converter ... more details
unreferenced date December 2010 Wiktionary A picture dictionary or pictorial dictionary is a dictionary where the definition of a word is displayed in the form of a drawing or photograph. Picture dictionaries are useful in a variety of teaching environments, such as teaching a young child about their native language , or instructing older students in a foreign language , such as in the Culturally Authentic Pictorial Lexicon . Picture dictionaries are often organized by topic instead of being an alphabetic list of words, and are almost always minimizingdictionaryminimizing dictionaries , which only include a small corpus of words. A similar but distinct concept is the visual dictionary , which is composed of a series of large, labelled images, allowing the user to find the name of a specific component of a larger object. See also Portal box Language Visual dictionary Knowledge visualization External links http capl.washjeff.edu CAPL Culturally Authentic Pictorial Lexicon. Multi lingual authentic picture dictionary http visual.merriam webster.com Merriam Webster Visual Dictionary Online http www.pdictionary.com A minimizing English dictionary with pictures http www.widgit.com Widgit.com Communicate In Print http dictionaryphoto.com Kids Picture Dictionary Lexicography DEFAULTSORT Picture Dictionary Category Early childhood education Category Language education Category Dictionaries by type ... more details
can be classified in various ways. A dictionary that covers more than one subject field is called a multi field dictionary one that covers one subject field is called a single field dictionary and one that covers a limited part of a subject field is called a sub field dictionary . A technical dictionary that attempts to cover as much of the relevant terminology as possible is called a maximizing dictionary , whereas one that attempts to cover only a limited part of the relevant terminology is called a minimizingdictionary . Specialized dictionaries can have various functions, i.e. ...A specialized dictionary is a dictionary that covers a relatively restricted set of phenomena. The definitive book on the subject Cowie 2009 includes chapters on among others dictionaries of synonym s pronunciations names place names and personal names phrases and idiom s dialect terms slang quotations Etymology etymologies Dictionaries of idioms and slang are common in most cultures. Examples include for French the Dictionnaire des expressions et locutions , edited by Alain Rey Paris Le Robert 2006 , and for English Eric Partridge s Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English 8th edition, London Routledge 2002 http www.partridge slang.co.uk . In the area of Second language acquisition language learning , there are specialized dictionaries for aspects of language which tend to be unproblematic ... of phrasal verb s, such as the Oxford Phrasal Verbs Dictionary 2nd edition, Oxford University Press 2006, and dictionaries of collocation , such as Macmillan Collocations Dictionary Oxford Macmillan 2010 ... dictionary . One of the most common types of specialized dictionary is what is often referred to in English as a technical dictionary and in German as a Fachw rterbuch. These dictionaries cover the terminology ... . Benjamins. Sandro Nielsen 1994 The Bilingual LSP Dictionary . Gunter Narr. Sandro Nielsen 2010 ... Dictionary Category Dictionaries by type eu Hiztegi espezializatu ... more details
dictionary that covers an entire field of law is called a single field dictionary , whereas a dictionary that covers a part of a field of law is called a sub field dictionary , e.g. a dictionary of contract law. If the law dictionary attempts to cover all the terms in the field of law, it is called a maximizing dictionary , and if it attempts to cover only a limited number of terms, it is called a minimizingdictionary . A good bilingual law dictionary needs to take the users expected language ... legal dictionaries A law dictionary is a dictionary that is designed and compiled to give information .... A distinction is made between different types of law dictionaries. A monolingual law dictionary ... the following aspects dictionary user research, dictionary typology , structure and presentation of the relevant information. When making a law dictionary, the lexicographers attempt to present ... law dictionary with definitions of legal terms serves to help users understand the legal texts ..., usually in a foreign language. Unlike a law dictionary, which arranges and defines legal words and phrases ... instead. With the advance of technology, the legal dictionary has made its way onto the internet ... Black s Law Dictionary Bouvier s Law Dictionary References reflist Sandro Nielsen The Bilingual LSP Dictionary. Principles and Practice for Legal Language . Gunter Narr Verlag 1994. Sandro Nielsen The Effect of Lexicographical Information Costs on Dictionary Making and Use . In Lexikos 18 2008, 170 189. External links http www.duhaime.org LegalDictionary.aspx Duhaime s Legal Dictionary Probably the world s best online legal dictionary. Terms organized by topic such as http www.duhaime.org legaldictionary ... Category CivilLawDictionary.aspx Civil Law. http lawyerintl.com modules dictionary LawyerIntl.com Legal Dictionary Compilation of Law Dictionaries including Bouvier s Legal Dictionary 6th Edition http ... Law.com legal dictionary http dictionary.lp.findlaw.com Merriam Webster Law Dictionary at Findlaw . http ... more details
Grove s dictionary may refer to The Grove Dictionary of Art The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians , The New Grove Dictionary of Opera The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments , 1984 The New Grove Dictionary of American Music 4 volumes , 1986, with 1000 entries on composers and 2500 on performers disambig ... more details
cleanup date April 2010 unreferenced date April 2010 A Bible dictionary is a reference work containing encyclopedic entries related to the Bible , typically concerning people, places, customs, doctrine and Biblical criticism . Bible dictionaries can be scholarly or popular in tone. List of Bible dictionaries Smith s Bible Dictionary 1863 Easton s Bible Dictionary 1897 Hastings Dictionary of the Bible 1898 1904 International Standard Bible Encyclopedia 1915 The New Bible Dictionary 1962 Bible Dictionary LDS Church LDS Bible Dictionary 1979 Harper s Bible Dictionary 1985 Anchor Bible Dictionary 1992 New Interpreter s Dictionary of the Bible 2008 Category Lists of books cs Biblick slovn k ... more details
wiktionarypar dictionary A dictionary is a list of words and their meanings. Dictionary may also refer to Biographical dictionary Encyclopedic dictionary , sometimes titled Dictionary of... for example Data dictionary , a set of metadata that contains definitions and representations of data elements a read only set of database tables and database views Associative array , a specific type of Set computer science Dictionary attack , a technique to determine a password Dictionary software , a dictionary included in Mac OS X v10.4 and later. Dictionary game , a party game in which the object of the game is be the first player to guess the meaning of an obscure word chosen from a dictionary. disambig de Dictionary id Kamus disambiguasi fr Dictionnaire homonymie zh ... more details
A phonetic dictionary is a dictionary that allows you to locate the word by the way it sounds. These dictionaries are useful when the spelling of a word is unknown. Some phonetic dictionaries are designed as Apps for access via phone platforms such as the http wordspeller.us American Wordspeller & Phonetic Dictionary and the http wordspeller.us American Wordspeller & Phonetic Dictionary ESL . These dictionaries were designed primarily for those who wish to spell their words by how their phonetic sound. External Links http gabbyswordspeller.com Gabby s Wordspeller and Phonetic Dictionary br http wordspeller.us American Wordspeller and Phonetic Dictionary br http wordspeller.us American Wordspeller and Phonetic Dictionary ESL Lexicography edu stub ling stub Category Dictionaries by type ... more details
confusing date August 2011 unreferenced date August 2011 The Oracle data dictionary is a collection of database tables, owned by the SYS and SYSTEM schemas, that contain the metadata about the database, its structures, the privileges and roles of database users. The data dictionary cache holds cached blocks from the data dictionary. Data blocks from tables in the data dictionary are used continually to assist in processing user queries and other DML commands. If the data dictionary cache is too small, requests for information from the data dictionary will cause extra I O to occur these I O bound data dictionary requests are called recursive calls and should be avoided by sizing the data dictionary cache correctly. Fast Access Oracle constantly accesses the data dictionary during database operation to validate user access and to verify the state of schema objects. All information is stored in memory using the least recently used LRU algorithm. The data dictionary cache is accessed for each SQL statement at parse time and again at runtime when the SQL gathers dynamic storage for execution. Dictionary Cache Hit Ratio The data dictionary cache hit ratio is used to measure the ratio of dictionary hits to misses meaning how many times dictionary cache has the dictionary tables data blocks for requested information and how many times Oracle has to do I O for missing on cache. For optimal performance, the overall dictionary cache hit ratio should be greater than 90 To monitor the efficiency of the Data Dictionary Cache, below sql statement can be used class wikitable border 1 select 1 sum getmisses sum gets sum getmisses 100 Dictionary Hit Rate from v rowcache A figure of 90 95 should be maintained if the rate starts to drop, SHARED POOL SIZE should be increased Category Database stubs Category Oracle Corporation ... more details
German dictionaries have a history dating back to the Brothers Grimm , who started work on the first major dictionary of the German language , the Deutsches W rterbuch literally German Dictionary in 1838. The Duden dictionary dates back to 1880, and is currently the prescriptive source for the spelling of German. DEFAULTSORT German Dictionary Category German dictionaries ie lang stub ... more details
Notability date October 2009 The SNIA Dictionary is a special purpose dictionary containing terms and definitions applicable to the storage and storage networking industry. Published bi annually by the Storage Networking Industry Association SNIA , the SNIA Dictionary is owned and managed by the SNIA Technical Council, a group of storage industry veterans elected by the SNIA membership. The current editor is Don Deel, of EMC. Past editors include Alan Yoder NetApp and David Black EMC . External links http www.snia.org dictionary The SNIA Dictionary Category Computer storage Category Storage area networks ... more details
Infobox Book See Wikipedia WikiProject Novels or Wikipedia WikiProject Books name The Lover s Dictionary A Novel author David Levithan country United States language English language English publisher Farrar,Straus and Giroux pub date 2011 media type Print pages 211 isbn 978 0374193683 oclc 608033766 The Lover s Dictionary is a 2011 in literature 2011 novel by the USA American author David Levithan . It is his first novel for adults. This modern love story is told entirely through dictionary entries. Plot A nameless narrator tells the story of a relationship through dictionary entries. These short entries provide insight into the ups and downs of their romantic relationship, revealing the couple s problems with alcoholism and infidelity. The story does not unfold in chronological order instead, it is arranged alphabetically by dictionary entries which give glimpses into the joys and struggles the characters face over the course of their relationship. Major themes The Lover s Dictionary is a story about love, in all its messy complicated reality, says Levithan. ref name npr Neary, Lynn, http www.npr.org 2011 02 14 133751642 defining joy and heartbreak in a lovers dictionary Defining Joy and Heartbreak in A Lover s Dictionary , National Public Radio , USA, 14 February 2011. ref Development ... order from this book and then writing entries as if it were a dictionary? Levithan wondered ... as he wrote the dictionary entries. ref name npr Publication history 2011, United States , Farrar,Straus ... 2011 01 11 132814835 the lovers dictionary definitions for heartbreak The Lover s Dictionary Definitions ... 0 374 19368 3 The Lover s Dictionary , Publishers Weekly , 11 January 2011. http www.guardian.co.uk books 2011 feb 13 lovers dictionary david levithan review The Lover s Dictionary A Novel by David ... dictionary by david levithan.html The Lover s Dictionary by David Levithan , Dictionary Society of North ... Levithan website http twitter.com loversdiction loversdiction , Twitter DEFAULTSORT Lover s Dictionary ... more details
A visual dictionary is a dictionary that primarily uses pictures to illustrate the meaning of word s. Visual dictionaries are often organized by themes, instead of being an alphabetical list of words. For each theme, an image is labeled with the correct word to identify each component of the item in question. Visual dictionaries can be monolingual or multilingual , providing the names of items in several language s. An index of all defined words is usually included to assist finding the correct illustration that defines the word. Some international visual dictionary publishers include QA International and Dorling Kindersley . See also Picture dictionary Knowledge visualization Visual language External links http visual.merriam webster.com Visual Thematic Dictionary Merriam Webster http www.weboword.com Visual Comic Vocabulary WeboWord http www.snappywords.com Visual Net Meaning Dictionary Snappy Words http www.vocabahead.com Visual Video Vocabulary VocabAhead http www.pictual.org Visual Alphabetic Dictionary Pictual http www.dictionaryvisual.com Visual English Dictionary Dictionaryvisual Lexicography DEFAULTSORT Visual Dictionary Category Dictionaries by type Ling stub de Bildw rterbuch es Diccionario visual eo Bildvortaro nl Beeldwoordenboek ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Infobox VG title Touch Dictionary image File Touch Dictionary Coverart.png developer Daewon Media publisher Daewon Media released vgrelease South Korea KO July, 2005 genre Dictionary modes Single player platforms Nintendo DS media Nintendo DS Game Card Touch Dictionary also known as Touch Dic is a Korean dictionary software title for the Nintendo DS released in 2005. Trivia The original name of the game arose controversy after FailBlog posted the cover, noting the similarity of the word dic to the word dick , slang for penis . External links http www.gamespot.com ds puzzle touchdictionary index.html Gamespot gamespace for Touch Dictionary Category 2005 video games Category Nintendo DS games Category Nintendo DS only games Category Language learning video games ko ... more details
Refimprove date July 2007 Infobox Book name Macquarie Dictionary title orig image image caption author S Butler editor illustrator cover artist country AUS language Australian English language Australian English series subject Dictionary Major English dictionaries Dictionary publisher Macquarie Dictionary Publishers pub date 1981, 1991, 1997, 2005, 2009 media type pages 1676 5th edition 1940 isbn ISBN 1 876429 14 3 5th edition 9781876429669 oclc preceded by followed by The Macquarie Dictionary is a dictionary of Australian English . It also pays considerable attention to New Zealand English . Originally ... in Sydney , Australia . It is published by Macquarie Dictionary Publishers Pty Ltd, a company specifically ... Dictionary was based on Hamlyn s Encyclopedic World Dictionary of 1971, which in turn was based on Random House s American College Dictionary of 1947, which itself was based on the 1927 Century Dictionary New Century Dictionary . Since its first publication, in 1981, it has been progressively adopted by Australian schools, businesses and courts as their standard dictionary. The second ... number of examples of Australian usage, to give some of the flavour of an historical dictionary. This edition ... on words relating to the environment and climate change . Spelling The dictionary records standard ... Dictionary and some other dictionaries of British English, that continue to prefer ize to ise ... complete version of the Macquarie Dictionary is the fifth, which was published in 2009. The Macquarie Australian Slang Dictionary published in 2004 is an up to date record of Australian slang. The Concise Dictionary is available as an iPhone application, from mobile phone s, and as an e book to online dictionary subscribers. External links http www.macquariedictionary.com.au Macquarie Dictionary ... of The Macquarie Dictionary Dictionaries of English Category 1981 books Category Australian English ... University of Sydney Category Macmillan Publishers books pt Macquarie Dictionary wuu ... more details
Unreferenced date September 2011 An etymological dictionary discusses the etymology of the words listed. Often, large dictionaries, such as the Oxford English Dictionary OED and Webster s Third New International Dictionary Webster s , will contain some etymological information, without aspiring to focus .... In such cases, depending on the space available, an etymological dictionary will present various ... century. Notable examples English language Hoad, T.F., The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology ... of A derivative dictionary of the English language in two alphabets, tracing the etymology of those ... dictionary of Modern English . New York City New York Greenwich House 1958, 1959, 1961, 1966, 2008 ... , encyclopedic dictionary, 9th or 10th century Joseph Vendryes , Lexique tymologique de l irlandais ... Darling Buck , A dictionary of selected synonyms in the principal Indo European languages , University of Chicago Press, 1949 paperback edition 1988 . Scots language John Jamieson , An Etymological Dictionary ..., Gerard Leslie Makins, Sir An Etymological Dictionary of Pre Thirteenth Century Turkish , Oxford ... Greek Etymological Dictionary by H. Frisk http starling.rinet.ru Indo European Etymological Dictionary by S. A. Starostin et al. http www.ceantar.org Dicts MB2 Gaelic Etymological Dictionary by A. MacBain http www.freeweb.hu etymological Gothic Etymological Dictionary by Andras Rajki http dsal.uchicago.edu dictionaries turner Nepali Etymological Dictionary by R. L. Turner http dexonline.ro Romanian Etymological Dictionary http starling.rinet.ru cgi bin query.cgi?root config&morpho 0&basename data ie vasmer Russian Etymological Dictionary by Max Vasmer , Heidelberg 1962 , 4 volumes http runeberg.org svetym Swedish Etymological Dictionary by Elof Hellquist Afroasiatic languages http starling.rinet.ru Afroasiatic Etymological Dictionary by S. A. Starostin et al. http www.freeweb.hu etymological Arabic Etymological Dictionary by Andras Rajki http www.hebrewetymology.com Hebrew Etymological Dictionary ... more details
Infobox Software name GNOME Dictionary logo Image Gnome dictionary.svg 48px screenshot Image Gnomedictionary.png 250px caption The GNOME Dictionary displaying the definitions for Dictionary developer Emmanuele Bassi latest release version 2.26.0 latest release date latest preview version 2.27.2 latest preview date operating system Unix like programming language C programming language C genre DICT Client license GNU General Public License GPL website http live.gnome.org GnomeUtils GNOME Dictionary , also identified as gnome dictionary , is a DICT client written in C programming language C by Emmanuele Bassi and others. It is part of the free software GNOME desktop suite, inside the gnome utils meta package. This allows users of GNOME to look up words on dictionary sources. gnome dictionary was at first an independent DICT DICT protocol client called gdict , created by Bradford Hovinen, Spiros Papadimitriou and Mike Hughes ref http svn.gnome.org viewvc gnome utils trunk gnome dictionary ChangeLog?view markup gdict ChangeLog ref it was included inside the gnome utils meta package during the 1.x release cycle. As a companion to the original application was also added an applet for gnome panel . After the 2.0 release of GNOME, due to lack of direct maintainership, the code base of gdict passed the point of being maintainable. In October 2005, the current maintainer of gnome dictionary Emmanuele Bassi decided to Rewrite programming rewrite the application and applet from scratch, removing the old and mostly deprecated code. ref http mail.gnome.org archives gnome utils list 2005 October msg00004.html Email on the gnome utils mailing list about the re design ref The new gnome dictionary .... It supports multiple dictionary sources, printing the definitions found and saving them to a text ... applications. As of July 2006 the development version of gnome dictionary became feature equivalent ... Dictionary Category DICT clients Category GNOME Category Free dictionary software it Gnome dictionary ... more details
Refimprove date December 2007 A Dictionary of Americanisms on Historical Principles is a dictionary of English language English words and phrases that originated in the United States . The two volume dictionary was edited by Mitford M. Mathews and was published in 1951 by University of Chicago Press. ref http www.time.com time magazine article 0,9171,814531,00.html Made in U.S.A. , Time magazine. April 02, 1951. ref The work should not be confused with John Russell Bartlett s work, Dictionary of Americanisms A Glossary of Words and Phrases, Usually Regarded as Peculiar to the United States , first published in 1848. References Reflist External links worldcat id id 319585 DEFAULTSORT Dictionary Of Americanisms, A Category 1951 books Category English dictionaries Americanisms ref book stub ... more details
A conceptual dictionary also ideographic or ideological dictionary is a dictionary that groups word s by concept or semantics semantic relation instead of arranging them in alphabetization alphabetical order . Examples of conceptual dictionaries are picture dictionary picture dictionaries , thesaurus thesauri , and visual dictionary visual dictionaries . Onelook.com and Diccionario Ideol gico de la Lengua Espa ola for Spanish ref Casares S nchez, Julio ed. , Diccionario Ideol gico de la Lengua Espa ola , Editorial Gustavo Gili, Barcelona, 1943. ref are specific online and print examples. References Reflist Unsourced date December 2008 Lexicography Linguistics stub Category Dictionaries by type hr Konceptualna leksikografija pt Dicion rio conceitual ru tr Kavramsal s zl k ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2009 A dictionary coder , also sometimes known as a substitution coder , is a class ... the dictionary maintained by the encoder. When the encoder finds such a match, it substitutes a reference to the string s position in the data structure. Methods and applications Some dictionary coders use a static dictionary , one whose full set of strings is determined before coding begins and does ... a static dictionary from a concordance publishing concordance of the text and then uses that dictionary to compress the verses. More common are methods where the dictionary starts in some predetermined ... is used to hold the last N bytes of data processed this window serves as the dictionary, effectively storing every substring that has appeared in the past N bytes as dictionary entries. Instead of a single index identifying a dictionary entry, two values are needed the length , indicating the length ... in the sliding window starting offset bytes before the current text. LZ78 uses a more explicit dictionary structure at the beginning of the encoding process, the dictionary only needs to contain entries ... in the dictionary that matches the text is found, and its index is written to the output the combination of that entry and the character that followed it in the text is then added to the dictionary ... of the encoding, we output the indexes for H, U, R, L, Y, and B, and we add to the dictionary new ... entry in our dictionary that matches the text is UR , an entry we added on the second step. We send the index for UR to the output, and add an entry for URL to the dictionary. On the eighth step, we ... an entry for LY to the dictionary. If later in the text we were to encounter the word HURLYBURLY again ... has a previous prefix, adds the prefix plus the symbol to its own separate dictionary ... in the dictionary, it will output a symbol that is one higher than the decoder s last dictionary .... This symbol will always be only one higher than the last numbered symbol in the decoder s dictionary ... more details
Logos Dictionary is a large multilingual online dictionary provided by Logos Group , a European translation company. It was started in 1995, and as of 2005 contains over 7 million terms in over 200 languages , some one them minority languages as Breton language Breton , Leonese language Leonese , Scots language Scots or Venetian language Venetian . The dictionary offers a variety of search options, and requires free registration in order to add or update translations. There is also a Logos Dictionary for Children where mainly words for kids can be found, and a quote citation in several languages. See also Endangered languages Breton language Leonese language Scots language Venetian language External links http www.logos.it Logos dictionary http www.logos.it instructions help en new dictionary.html Logos Dictionary information page http www.logos.it owa d professional.registration window?source ndict&id 4395&lang EN Registration form to add to or edit the dictionary and access other member only aspects of the site Category Online dictionaries Category Leonese language website stub lang stub ... more details
Infobox software name Dictionary logo Image Dictionary Icon.png 64px screenshot Image Wikipedia in Dictionary.png 300px caption Dictionary running under Mac OS X v10.5 Mac OS X Leopard , showing Wikipedia ... 12, 2011 latest preview version latest preview date operating system Mac OS X genre dictionary license website http www.apple.com Dictionary is an application developed by Apple Inc. Apple for its ... from the New Oxford American Dictionary New Oxford American Dictionary, 2nd Edition and Oxford ... Digital Webster, providing dictionary and thesaurus definitions from Webster s Dictionary Webster s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary and Webster s Collegiate Thesaurus termed the First Digital Edition ... word in a definition searches for that word in the dictionary again. Almost any word is clickable ... IPA . The dictionary and thesaurus in Dictionary are in an XML format, but make use of precompiled ... for example, Safari Services Look up in Dictionary which brings up the Dictionary application and displays ... of the user to drag selected text, it is possibile to select a word and drop it onto the icon of the Dictionary ... the Dictionary application. Mac OS X catches any queries to the code dict code URI scheme, say from a web browser, and routes them back to the Dictionary application. Other languages As of Mac OS X Leopard , the application includes the Japanese language dictionary Daijisen , Progressive English ... in Preferences. Software such as DictUnifier ref http code.google.com p mac dictionary kit ref can ... in the usability study in late 2009, the scrolling functionality of Wikipedia in Dictionary did not work ... using the dictionary widget to push liberal politics ref Under Mac OS X Snow Leopard , the sentence ... added above categories infobox footers by script assisted edit Mac OS X DEFAULTSORT Dictionary Software Category Mac OS X Category Dictionary software it Dictionary ja ru Dictionary Apple sv Dictionary datorprogram uk Dictionary zh ... more details
In cryptanalysis and computer security , a dictionary attack is a technique for defeating a cipher or authentication mechanism by trying to determine its decryption key or passphrase by searching likely possibilities. Technique A dictionary attack uses a targeted technique of successively trying all the words in an exhaustive list called a dictionary from a pre arranged list of values . In contrast with a brute force attack , where a large proportion key space is searched systematically, a dictionary attack tries only those possibilities which are most likely to succeed, typically derived from a list of words for example a dictionary hence the phrase dictionary attack or a bible etc. Generally, dictionary attacks succeed because many people have a tendency to choose password s which are short 7 characters or fewer , single words found in dictionaries or simple, easily predicted variations on words, such as appending a digit. Pre computed dictionary attack It is possible to achieve a time space tradeoff by pre computing a list of Cryptographic hash function hashes of dictionary words, and storing ... cost of disk storage. Pre computed dictionary attacks are particularly effective when a large number of passwords are to be cracked. The pre computed dictionary need only be generated once, and when ... system compromised by such an attack. Pre computed dictionary attacks can be thwarted by the use of Salt cryptography salt , a technique that forces the hash dictionary to be recomputed for each ... mail address harvesting Examples Well known examples of dictionary attack software tools Cain and Abel ... articles A6098 2005Mar28.html US Secret Service use a distributed dictionary attack on suspect s password ... Force OWASP AT 004 http dazzlepod.com disclosure Dictionary attack on several leaked accounts ... Wenn Alles die H lle ist DEFAULTSORT Dictionary Attack Category Cryptographic attacks ca Atac de ... ru simple Dictionary attack sv Dictionary attack vi T n c ng t i n ... more details
Biographical dictionaries a type of encyclopedic dictionary limited to biographical information have been written in many languages. Many attempt to cover the major personalities of a country with limitations, such as living persons only, in Marquis Who s Who Who s Who , or deceased people only, in the Dictionary of National Biography . Others are specialized, in that they cover important names in a subject field, such as architecture or engineering. The quality of biographical dictionaries varies. Most are long established and authoritative, but some are simply schemes for flattering biographees into paying for commemorative copies of the publication. Anyone who receives an invitation to be included in a biographical dictionary should check the publication carefully. Warning signs include the offers of high priced special commemorative editions, and requests for names and addresses of additional ... onwards. Citation needed reason see A Biographical Dictionary of Learned ... isbn 0415966906 page 110 ref List of biographical dictionaries International A Biographical Dictionary of Railway Engineers Al Fihrist al Nadim Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890 Who s Who in the World World Biographical Information System Online Australia Australian Dictionary of Biography Dictionary of Australian Biography Dictionary of Western Australians Dictionary of Australian Artists Online Canada Dictionary of Canadian Biography Canadian Who s Who , published by University ... Biographische Enzyklop die 1995 Great Britain A Biographical Dictionary of British coleopterists online at http www.coleopterist.org.uk The Coleopterist A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers British Biographical Index Chambers Biographical Dictionary Concise Dictionary of National Biography Dictionary of National Biography Dictionary of Welsh Biography Oxford Dictionary of National Biography ... Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani 1925 Enciclopedia Biografica Universale New Zealand Dictionary ... more details
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