This article is in Commonwealth English Middle Eastern deities Melqart , properly Phoenician language ... Sidon . Melqart was often titled Baal Ba l r Lord of Tyre , the ancestral king of the royal ... to as the Tyrian Hercules Herakles . Melqart was venerated in Phoenicia n and Punic cultures from ... of Arma, for his lord Melqart, which he vowed to him and he heard his voice . ref ANET 655, noted ... Melqart ? Melqart is likely to have been the particular Ba al found in the Tanach , ref 1 Kings ... observation of the revival of Melqart s awakening may identify Melqart as a life death rebirth ... Phoenician city where worship of Melqart was widespread. He is known to have constructed in Rome ... the god of his native city, identified Melqart with the Roman god Liber. Archaeological evidence Archaeological evidence for Melqart s cult is found earliest in Tyre and seems to have spread westward ... of Eshmun in Sidon. The name of Melqart was invoked in oaths sanctioning contracts, according to Dr .... ref thus it was customary to build a temple to Melqart, as protector of Tyrian traders, in each new Phoenician colony at C diz , the temple to Melqart is as early as the earliest vestiges of Phoenician ... Hellenistic period . In Tyre, the high priest of Melqart ranked second only to the king. Many names in Carthage reflected this importance of Melqart, for example, the names Hamilcar and Bomilcar ... does not refer to Melqart but either to Ba al Hammon , chief god of Carthage, a god identified by Greeks with Cronus and by Romans with Saturn mythology Saturn , or is simply used as a title. Melqart protected the Punic areas of Sicily such as Ras Melqart Cape of Melqart , where his head, indistinguishable from a Heracles, appears on locally minted coins of the fourth century BCE. The Cippi of Melqart ... thumb 250px Votive statues from the Temple of Melqart in Cadiz Temples to Melqart are found at least ... only of the expenses occurred by the Phoenicians in their making. Another temple to Melqart was at Ebyssus ... more details
The Cippi of Melqart is the collective name for two white marble cippi that were unearthed at Tas Sil ref name mymalta cite web url http www.my malta.com interesting MalteseLanguage.html title The Maltese Language publisher My Malta.com accessdate February 16, 2011 ref , Marsaxlokk , ref name malta Malta by the Knights Hospitaller in the late 17th century . One is currently in the Louvre , the other rests in the National Museum of Archaeology, Malta National Museum of Archaeology in Valetta . ref name louvre cite web url http www.louvre.fr llv oeuvres detail notice.jsp?CONTENT 3C 3Ecnt id 10134198673225322&CURRENT LLV NOTICE 3C 3Ecnt id 10134198673225322&FOLDER 3C 3Efolder id 9852723696500787&bmLocale en title Cippus from Malta year 2009 publisher Louvre.com accessdate February 16, 2011 ref Of Phoenician origin, the candelabra shaped cippi dated to the second century BCE served as monuments and incense burning pillars ref name malta cite web url http www.english studies.org sitemenu 7malta Malta The George Cross Island page17 page12 page12.html author Charles Fiott title Malta The George Cross Island publisher Conventual Franciscans of Rabat accessdate February 16, 2011 ref dedicated as ex voto gifts by the brothers Abdosir and Osirshamar, to the Tyre, Lebanon Tyrian divinity Melqart , Syncretism syncretized as Heracles . ref name louvre The cippi provided the key to the deciphering that led to modern understanding of the Phoenician language , since the inscriptions on each base were written in both Greek language Greek and Phoenician. ref name louvre The inscription on the cippus of the Louvre reads in Phoenician To our lord Melqart, Lord of Tyre, dedicated by your servant Abd Osir and his brother Osirshamar both sons of Osirshamar, for he heard their voice, may he bless them in Greek Dionysos and Serapion the sons of Serapion, Tyrenes to Heracles the founder. ref name louvre The French scholar Jean Jacques Barth l my identified Phoenician letters with this inscription ... more details
File SardusPaterBabai.jpg thumb right 180px Depiction of Sardus Pater in a roman coin 59 a.C. Sardus also Sid Addir or Sardus Pater was an ancient mythological hero of the Nuragic civilization nuragic mythology. Sardus appears in the writings of Sallust and Pausanias . Ancient sources According with Sallust , Sardus generated by Hercules , left Libya along with a great multitude of men and occupied Sardinia , the island called it by its name. Later Pausanias confirm the story of Sallust and in the II sec a.C. writes that Sardus was the son of Makeris identificable with Melqart , the Libyan Hercules and that the island of Sardinia changed is name from Ichnusa to Sardinia in honor of Sardus. See also Temple of Antas Nuragic civilization Category Mythology it Sardus Pater ... more details
Sexi Ex , Sex was a Phoenicia n colony at the present day site of Almu car on Spain s Costa Tropical . The Roman name for the place was Sexi Firman Iulium . History An ancient Phoenician settlement, of whose earliest phases are archeologically cloudy , was located on the Southern Spanish coast, south west of the Solorius Mons the modern Sierra Nevada mountain range at the present day site of Almu car on Spain s Costa Tropical . From the 3rd 2nd centuries BC it issued a sizeable corpus of coinage many depicting the Phoenician Punic god Melqart on the obverse and one or two fish on the reverse, possibly alluding to the abundance of the sea and also a principal product of the area. ref Meadow, A and Purefoy, P. 2002 SNG BM Spain British Museum 2 Spain London, The British Museum Press. No. s 404 425. ref The Barrington Atlas of the ancient world equates ancient Sexi with modern Almu car. ref Richard J. A. Talbert et al 2000 . Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World Princeton University Press. Map 27, B5. ref References Reflist Andalusia geo stub Spain hist stub coord missing Spain Category Archaeological sites in Spain Category Roman sites in Spain Category Phoenician colonies in Spain es Almu car ... more details
orphan date March 2010 Azemilcus zmlk was the List of Kings of Tyre King of Tyre during its siege by Alexander the Great in 332 BC. Alexander had already peacefully taken Bylos and Sidon and Tyre sent envoys to Alexander agreeing to do his bidding. His response was to declare that he wished to enter the city to sacrifice to Melqart , known to Alexander as the Tyrian Herakles. Azemilcus was with the Persian fleet at the time, and the Tyrians, unsure who would win the war, responded by saying that they would obey any other command but that neither Persians nor Macedonians could enter the city. ref Arrian, The Anabasis of Alexander, together with the Indica, E. J. Chinnock, tr. London George Bell and Sons, 1893 , bk II, 15 25 http www.shsu.edu his ncp ArriCamp.html ref Alexander finally captured the city, Azemilcus and various other notables, including envoys from Carthage , had taken refuge in the temple of Melkart , and Alexander spared their lives. Notes references unreferenced date March 2008 DEFAULTSORT Azemilcus, King Of Tyre Category Ancient history Category Phoenician kings Category 4th century BC people AncientNearEast bio stub ca Azemilc es Azemilco zh ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Anat , Virgin goddess of War and Strife, mate and sister of Ba al Hadad Asherah walker of the sea, Mother Goddess, wife of El also known as Elat Astarte , possibly androgynous divinity associated with Venus Baalat or Baalit, the wife or female counterpart of Baal also Tammuz deity Belili Ba al Hadad , storm God, superseded El as head of the Pantheon Baal Hammon, god of fertility and renewer of all energies in the Phoenician colonies of the Western Mediterranean Dagon , god of crop fertility, father of Hadad usually . El Elyon i.e. God most high and El Canaanite god El Eshmun or Baalat Asclepius, god of healing or goddess Kotharat Kathirat , goddesses of marriage and pregnancy Kothar , Hasis, the skilled, god of craftsmanship Lotan , serpent ally of evil,Yam Image Gebel el Arak Knife back side.jpg thumb left 200px El depicted with two lions representing the planet Venus on the back of the handle of the Gebel el Arak Knife Melqart , king of the city, the underworld and cycle of vegetation in Tyre, Lebanon Tyre Molech , God of Fire Mot god , God of Death Qadeshtu , Holy One, Goddess of Love Resheph God of Plague and healing Shalim and Shahar god Shachar Shamayim , the God of the Heavens. Shemesh in Ugarit the goddess Shapshu , Sun god ref Johnston, Sarah Isles, Religions of the Ancient World A Guide. Cambridge Harvard University Press. ISBN 0 674 01517 7. P. 418 ref or goddess, its gender is disputed ref Some authorities consider Shemesh to be a goddess, see Wyatt, Nick, There s Such Divinity Doth Hedge a King , Ashgate 19 Jul 2005 , ISBN 978 0754653301 p. 104 http books.google.co.uk books?id BP WezDMkDQC&pg PA104&dq shemesh sun shapshu&ei xFvKSIK9BpS4yQTQu WuBg&sig ACfU3U3mQ vop0MD4 0RccIl2pbmbqfB6A ref Yam god Yam nahar or yaw god Yam , also called Judge Nahar Yarikh God of the moon, lover of Nikkal References reflist Zedek , should be God of Justice according to the pre redirect article, but more sourced information is needed name not in Sa ... more details
merge Melicertes Talk Palaemon mythology Merger proposal date June 2010 multiple issues orphan May 2010 unreferenced May 2010 Palaemon , originally named Melicertes , was a minor, young sea god , son of Ino Greek mythology Ino Leucothea . He was deified by the gods when his mother threw herself from atop a cliff with Palaemon in her arms, arguably to escape insanity or to escape Athanas, King of Thebes at the time, and his father was driven to a murder ous rage after Hera pushed him to it. Early life Being a minor god , not as much was written about Palaemon, but he was a child in need of help. After his father was turned into a murderer by Hera, whose wrath his parents had incurred by fostering Palaemon, Palaemon s mother took with her him and jumped off a cliff to escape away from all the madness on Earth. By doing this the duo became a sea god and goddess, receiving their new names of Palaemon and Leukothea they help distressed sailors on voyages. Depiction In Greco Roman views, Palaemon is viewed as a dolphin riding boy, or a child with a Triton mythology triton tail. Mystery Greeks are not sure where exactly Palaemon got his name from. Some believe his original name, Melikertes, was derived from the pre existing god, Melkart Melqart from the Phoenicia n distortion. Then the Romans took the name Palaemon to mean the honey eater , and then god of the harbour . The name is also said to mean the wrestler . Mystery also surrounds Palaemon s death and deification. The Pseudo Hyginus , Fabulae 4 states, Ino with the younger son of her and Athamas , Melicertes, cast herself into the sea and was made a goddess. The Pseudo Hyginus Fabulae 239 states, Ino, daughter of Cadmus , killed her son Melicertes by Athamas, son of Aeolus, when she was fleeing from Athamas. It also sounds like a Digimon . Category Greek gods ... more details
identity with Melqart . The premature death of the child in the Greek form of the legend is probably ... or struggler and is an epithet of Heracles , with whom Melqart is identified by interpretatio graeca ... more details
Phoenician deities Melqart both a solar deity and a sea god and Tanit Caelestis a mother queen ... through identification Melqart became Hercules , for example, having long been taken by the Greeks ... more details
Hamilcar Punic Phoenician mlqrt , Canaanite Hebrew , meaning brother of Melqart , a Tyre Lebanon Tyrian Semitic gods god was a common name in the Punic culture. There are several different transcriptions into Greek and Roman scripts. The ruling families of ancient Carthage often named their members with the traditional name Hamilcar . For example Hamilcar the Magonid &mdash Basileus king of Carthage Hamilcar, son of Hanno, led the Carthaginian forces at the Battle of Himera 480 BC Battle of Himera in 480 BC during the First Sicilian War Hamilcar &mdash Punic strategus against Timoleon of Syracuse, Sicily Syracuse A brother of Gisco 3 and possibly brother of Hanno 9 with whom he was executed in the middle of the 4th century BC Polyen. Strat. V 11 Hamilcar the Rhodian &mdash Possibly Carthaginian spy in the entourage of Alexander the Great , executed when returning to Carthage. Hamilcar, son of Gisgo and grandson to Hanno the Great , led a campaign against Agathocles of Syracuse, Italy Syracuse between 311 BC and 307 BC in the Third Sicilian War , before his capture and execution. Hamilcar &mdash Strategus in Sicily and Punic Africa from 261 BC 261 to 255 BC during the First Punic War . He is not identical with the homonym officer mentioned by Diod. XXIV 12. ELip Hamilcar Drepanum Hamilcar was a Carthaginian commander whose greatest achievement was winning the Battle of Drepanum in 249 BC during the First Punic War. Hamilcar Barca about 270 &ndash 228 BC served as a Carthaginian general during and after the First Punic War 264 &ndash 241 BC . His son was famed general Hannibal of the Second Punic War . The name has been adopted by many Mediterranean cultures. Amilcare was one of Benito Mussolini s given names, and was the forename of the composer Amilcare Ponchielli . See also General Aircraft Hamilcar &mdash the World War II glider Amilcar &mdash French made automobile from the 1920s and 30s Am lcar Cabral &mdash African nationalist whose name is derived from ... more details
Image Tyrian shekel.png thumb Tyrian shekels, fine or very fine quality Tyrian shekel s Tyre, Lebanon Tyrian tetradrachm as were coins of Tyre, Lebanon Tyre , which in the Roman Empire took on an unusual role as the medium of payment for the Temple tax in Jerusalem, and subsequently gained notoriety as a likely mode of Thirty pieces of silver payment for Judas Iscariot . The coins bore the likeness of the Phoenicia n god Melqart or Baal , accepted as the Twelve Olympians Olympian Herakles by the Greeks and derided as Beelzebub by Jews in the time of the Seleucid s, wearing the Laurel wreath laurel reflecting his role in the Tyrian games and the Ancient Olympics . ref cite web url http archaeology.about.com od biblicalarchaeology ig Dead Sea Scrolls Tyrian Shekel.htm title Tyrian Shekel ref These coins, the size of a modern Israeli half shekel, were minted in Israel, but were required to bear this image by the Romans to avoid accusations that the Jews were given autonomy. ref cite web url http www.begedivri.com shekel J Tyrian.htm title Jerusalem s Tyrian Shekels a lesson in priorities ref They were replaced by First Jewish Revolt coinage in 66 AD. The Tyrian shekel weighed four Athenian drachma s, about 14 grams, more than earlier 11 gram Israeli shekels, but was regarded as the equivalent for religious duties at that time. ref cite web url http members.aol.com FlJosephus coins.htm title Ancient Jewish Coins Related to the Works of Josephus , citing David Hendin s Guide to Biblical Coins and Y. Meshorer s Ancient Jewish Coinage. ref Because Roman coinage was only 80 silver , the purer 94 or more Tyrian shekels were required to pay the temple tax in Jerusalem, but were exchanged by moneychangers in the temple for coins with the approved priestly image. ref cite web url http www scf.usc.edu ciccone html role 20of 20coins 20in 20revolt.htm title The role of coins in the First Revolt ref ref cite web url http dqhall59.com fish and coin.htm title Israel photos III r ... more details
with whom Greeks associated the Phoenician and Punic Melqart , by interpretatio graeca . Strabo ... incurred by the Phoenicians in their making. The Melqart Cult columns of the Melqart temple at Tyre ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2010 Mesopotamian myth Babylon Bel pron en be l from Akkadian language Akkadian b lu , signifying lord or master , is a title rather than a genuine name, applied to various gods in Babylonia n religion. The feminine form is B lit Belit Lady, Mistress . Bel is represented in Greek language Greek as Belos and in Latin as Belus . Linguistically Bel is an East Semitic form cognate with Northwest Semitic Baal Ba al with the same meaning. Early translators of Akkadian language Akkadian believed that the ideogram for the god called in Sumerian language Sumerian Enlil was to be read as Bel in Akkadian. This is now known to be incorrect but one finds Bel used in referring to Enlil in older translations and discussions. Bel became especially used of the Babylonian god Marduk and when found in Assyrian and neo Babylonian personal names or mentioned in inscriptions in a Mesopotamian context it can usually be taken as referring to Marduk and no other god. Similarly Belit without some disambiguation mostly refers to Bel Marduk s spouse Sarpanit . However Marduk s mother, the Sumerian goddess called Ninhursag , Damgalnuna Damkina , Ninmah and other names in Sumerian, was often known as Belit ili Lady of the Gods in Akkadian. Of course other gods called Lord could be and sometimes were identified totally or in part with Bel Marduk. The god Malak bel of Palmyra is an example, though in the later period from which most of our information comes he seems to have become very much a sun god which Marduk was not. Similarly Zeus Belus mentioned by Sanchuniathon as born to Cronus El god El in Perea Holy Land Peraea is certainly most unlikely to be Marduk. W. H. D. Rouse in 1940 wrote an ironic end note to Book 40 of his edition of Nonnus Dionysiaca about a very syncretistic hymn sung by Dionysus to Tyrian Heracles, that is, to Ba al Melqart whom Dionysus identifies with Belus on the Euphrates who should be Marduk and as a sun god blockquote ... the Greeks were as fi ... more details
Image Ganga.jpg thumb A sketch of the goddess Ganga on her Vahana mount Makara Hindu mythology Makara File Exekias Dionysos Staatliche Antikensammlungen 2044.jpg thumb Dionysus in a ship, sailing among dolphins. Ancient Greece Ancient Greek Attic Black figure pottery black figure kylix drinking cup kylix , ca. 530 BC, from Vulci . Staatliche Antikensammlungen, Munich. Dolphin s appear in a number of Greek mythology Greek myths , invariably as helpers of humankind. Dolphins also seem to have been important to the Minoans , judging by artistic evidence from the ruined palace at Knossos . A dolphin rescued the poet Arion from drowning and carried him safe to land, at Cape Taenarum , now Cape Matapan , a promontory forming the southernmost point of the Peloponnesus . There was a temple to Poseidon and a statue of Arion riding the dolphin. Herodotus I.23 Thucydides I.128, 133 Pausanias geographer Pausanias iii.25, 4 The Greeks reimagined the Phoenicia n god Melqart as Melikert s Melicertes and made him the son of Athamas and Ino. He drowned but was transfigured as the marine deity Palaemon , while his mother became Leucothea . cf Ino . At Corinth, he was so closely connected with the cult of Poseidon that the Isthmian Games , originally instituted in Poseidon s honor, came to be looked upon as the funeral games of Melicertes . Image Estamno de Etruria M.A.N. Madrid 01.jpg thumb left Young aulos player riding a dolphin red figure stamnos , ca 360 340 BCE, found in Etruria , National Archaeological Museum of Spain National Archeological Museum, Madrid Phalanthus was another legendary character brought safely to shore in Italy on the back of a dolphin, according to Pausanias. Many seals and coins show a man or boy riding a dolphin. Dionysus was once captured by Etruscan civilization Etruscan pirate s who mistook him for a wealthy prince they could ransom. After the ship set sail Dionysus invoked his divine powers, causing vines to overgrow the ship where the mast and sails ... more details
. Continuum International Publishing Group, p. 32. ISBN 184127142X ref Ba al of Tyre Melqart is the son ... scholars claim it is uncertain whether Ba al the Lord in Kings 10 26 refers to Melqart. They point out that Hadad was also worshipped in Tyre. This point of view ignores the possibility that Hadad and Melqart ... Canaanite and Melqart being Phoenician. In favor of the latter interpretation, both Hadad and Melqart ..., or Melqart. blockquote Ahab son of Omri did more evil in the eyes of the Lord than any of those ... not ever identified with Ba al Melqart , although one finds this equation in older scholarship ... Canaanite religion El Gabal Hadad Melqart Moloch Set mythology Set Notes This article uses the Cite.php ... more details
Tyre , Melqart king of the city who was probably the Ba al whose worship was furthered by Ahab and his house was this supposed god Moloch and that Melqart Moloch was also Milcom the god of the Ammonites ... god. Some identified Moloch with Milcom, with the Tyrian god Melqart , with Ba al Hammon to whom ... and film still finds its way into serious writing about Moloch, Melqart, Carthage, and Ba al Hammon ... more details
at 315, Adad Mesopotamia at 28, Baal at 124. ref Other gods were called by royal titles, as in Melqart ... and Canaan the rejuvenating Melqart was the chief god of Tyre, Eshmun the god of healing at Sidon , Dagon ... perhaps to the leading role of the city state of Tyre, its reigning god Melqart was prominent throughout ... would regularly make the journey to Tyre to worship Melqart , bringing material offerings. ref Serge ... more details
called by royal titles, as in Melqart meaning king of the city , ref Moscati, Ancient Semitic Civilizations ... or tribal locale. ref In Phoenicia and Canaan the rejuvenating Melqart was the chief god of Tyre ... god Melqart was prominent throughout Phoenicia and overseas. Also of great general interest was Astarte ..., until its fall embassies from Carthage would regularly make the journey to Tyre to worship Melqart ..., he who has Baal s help and Hamilcar Abdelmelqart , pledged to the service of Melqart . ref Lancel ... of Tyre in service to its principal deity Melqart . ref Markoe, Phoenicians Univ.of California 2000 ... at Carthage, as were other dieities. Melqart became supplanted at the Punic city state ... 158. Warmington associates Melqart with the pan Semitic father god El. Regarding Baal Hammon, the epithet ... more details
were called by royal titles, as in Melqart meaning king of the city , ref Moscati, Ancient Semitic Civilizations ... state or tribal locale. ref In Phoenicia and Canaan the rejuvenating Melqart was the chief god of Tyre ... god Melqart was prominent throughout Phoenicia and overseas. Also of great general interest ..., until its fall embassies from Carthage would regularly make the journey to Tyre to worship Melqart ..., he who has Baal s help and Hamilcar Abdelmelqart , pledged to the service of Melqart . ref Lancel ... of Tyre in service to its principal deity Melqart . ref Markoe, Phoenicians Univ.of California 2000 ... was worshipped at Carthage, as were other dieities. Melqart became supplanted at the Punic city state ... 158. Warmington associates Melqart with the pan Semitic father god El. Regarding Baal Hammon, the epithet ... more details
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