Infobox Brain Name PAGENAME Latin lemniscus medialis GraySubject 188 GrayPage 803 Image Gray759.png Caption The sensory tract. Mediallemniscus labeled at center right. Image2 Gray710.png Caption2 Coronal section through mid brain. e is Portion of mediallemniscus, which runs to the lentiform nucleus and insular cortex insula . a is also the mediallemniscus. IsPartOf Components Artery Vein BrainInfoType ancil BrainInfoNumber 736 MeshName MeshNumber NeuroLex Mediallemniscus NeuroLexID birnlex 887 DorlandsPre l 06 DorlandsSuf 12483115 The mediallemniscus , also known as Reil s band or Reil s ribbon , is a pathway in the brainstem that carries sensory information from the gracile nucleus gracile ... at the level of the medulla and travel up the brainstem as the mediallemniscus on the contralateral opposite side. It is part of the posterior column mediallemniscus system , which transmits touch, vibration sense, as well as the pathway for proprioception . The mediallemniscus carries axons from ... up the brainstem , the mediallemniscus contains axons from the trigeminal nerve which supplies ... . By mid pons , the mediallemniscus has rotated. Fibres from the head are medial, fibres from the leg ... column mediallemniscus pathway Additional images gallery Image Gray685.png Deep dissection of brain ... at level of inferior colliculi. Image Gray713.png Scheme showing the course of the fibers of the lemniscusmediallemniscus in blue, lateral in red. Image Lower pons horizontal KB.svg Horizontal section through the lower part of the pons. The mediallemniscus is labeled 15. gallery External links BrainstemWisconsin 04NGNC BrainMaps medial 20lemniscus mediallemniscus neuroscience stub Medulla Pons ... nerve synapse at the ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus . Location of the mediallemniscus through the brainstem The cuneate and gracile nuclei reside at the closed lower medulla oblongata medulla , so the lemniscus isn t formed at this level. Fibres from these nuclei will pass ... more details
columns of the spinal cord , and the mediallemniscus in the brainstem . Because the posterior columns are also called dorsal columns, the pathway is often called the dorsal column mediallemniscus system , or DCML for short. Also called posterior column mediallemniscus or PCML pathway . The PCML ... MedialLemniscus System labeled at right. The axons continue inside the spinal cord, running up the posterior dorsal column. Axons from the lower body are most medial closer to the midline , and run ... side of the medulla as internal arcuate fibres to form the mediallemniscus . This crossing over is commonly referred to as the sensory decussation . At the medulla, the mediallemniscus is orientated ... come in dorsal to the arm fibres, and travel up the lemniscus too. The mediallemniscus rotates ... body sensation most medial e.g., the paracentral lobule and upper body more lateral. Test The pathway is tested with the Romberg s test . Lesions to the posterior column mediallemniscus pathway below ..., lower limb is medial, upper limb is more lateral. At the medial leminiscus, axons from the leg are more ... coluna dorsal lemnisco medial ... more details
Infobox Brain Name Lemniscus Latin boxwidth GraySubject GrayPage Image Width Caption Image2 Caption2 IsPartOf Components Artery Vein Acronym BrainInfoType BrainInfoNumber MeshName MeshNumber NeuroLex Lemniscus NeuroLexID birnlex 881 Dorlands DorlandsID A lemniscus Greek language Greek for ribbon or band ref DorlandsDict five 000058321 Lemniscus ref is an anatomic term. It can refer to In anatomy, a part of the brain , such as the mediallemniscus or lateral lemniscus . It is associated with the What pathway of the lateral lemniscal pathway, as in identifying where a sound is located. lemniscus is a bundle of secondary sensory fibers within the brain stem which terminates in specific relay nuclei of the diencephalon References references Nervous tissue Category Nervous system anatomy stub ... more details
unreferenced date March 2008 Infobox Brain Name PAGENAME Latin Lemniscus trigeminalis GraySubject GrayPage Image Caption Image2 Caption2 IsPartOf Components Artery Vein BrainInfoType ancil BrainInfoNumber 717 MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre DorlandsSuf The Trigeminal lemniscus is a part of the brain that conveys tactile, pain, and temperature impulses from the skin of the face, the mucous membrane s of the nasal and oral cavities, and the eye, as well as proprioceptive information from the facial and Mastication masticatory muscles . It is the ascending axonal tract in the brainstem that carries tactile and proprioceptive information from the contralateral principal chief sensory nucleus of the trigeminal system to the ventral posterior medial nucleus of the thalamus. This tract is sometimes considered a cephalic division of the mediallemniscus . Synonym lemniscus trigeminalis External links http www.sylvius.com index t trigeminal lemniscus.html Sylvius Neuroanatomical Reference Trigeminal lemniscus http cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk cgi bin omd?trigeminal lemniscus Trigeminal lemniscus from Online medical Dictionary medicine stub Pons Neural tracts Category Somatic sensory system Category Central nervous system pathways de Lemniscus trigeminalis ... more details
showing the course of the fibers of the lemniscusmediallemniscus in blue, lateral in red. gallery ...Infobox Brain Name Lateral lemniscus Latin lemniscus lateralis GraySubject 188 GrayPage 805 Image Lateral lemniscus.PNG Caption Lateral lemniscus in red, as it connects the cochlear nucleus , superior ... of the lateral lemniscus, showing the tract and nuclei. Dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus DNLL , Intermediate nucleus of the lateral lemniscus INLL , ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus VNLL ... Lateral lemniscus NeuroLexID birnlex 774 DorlandsPre l 06 DorlandsSuf 12483107 The lateral lemniscus ..., and are thus named the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus. Connections The brainstem nuclei include the superior olive the intermediate nucleus of the lateral lemniscus INLL the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus VNLL the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus DNLL Fibers leaving these brainstem nuclei ascending to the inferior colliculus rejoin the lateral lemniscus. In that sense, this is not a Lemniscus anatomy lemniscus in the true sense of the word second order, decussated sensory ... information coming out of some of these brainstem nuclei. The lateral lemniscus is located where ... fibers of Probst. Nuclei of the Lateral Lemniscus The function of the lateral lemniscus is not known ... lemniscus a nucleus of GABAergic projection neurons. Brain Res Bull 13 4 585 90. ref and projects bilaterally ... projections of the dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus in the rat. J Comp Neurol 334 2 ... 5.4pt Medial nucleus of the trapezoid body td td valign top width 20 style width 20.6 border top none ... padding 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt Medial nucleus of the trapezoid body td td valign top width 20 style width ... mso border alt solid windowtext .5pt padding 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt Medial Geniculate body p class MsoNormal ... windowtext .5pt mso border alt solid windowtext .5pt padding 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt Medial superior Olivary ... solid windowtext .5pt padding 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt Inferior Colliculus p class MsoNormal Medial ... more details
This article is about medial in mathematics. For other uses, see medial disambiguation . Medial magmas In abstract algebra , a medial Magma algebra magma or medial groupoid is a set with a binary operation which satisfies the identity mathematics identity math x cdot y cdot u cdot v x cdot u cdot y cdot ... has higher precedence. This identity has been variously called medial , abelian, alternation, transposition ... www.karlin.mff.cuni.cz jezek medial 03.jpg Historical comments J.Jezek and T.Kepka Medial groupoids Rozpravy CSAV, Rada mat. a prir. ved 93 2 1983 , 93 pp ref Any commutative semigroup is a medial magma, and a medial magma has an identity element if and only if it is a commutative monoid . Another class of semigroups forming medial magmas are the Band mathematics normal bands . ref citation last ... on exclusive semigroups volume 3 year 1971 . ref Medial magmas need not be associative for any nontrivial ... operation math x cdot y mx ny math yields a medial magma which in general is neither associative nor commutative. A magma M is medial if and only if its binary operation is a homomorphism from the Cartesian ... leads to the notion of a medial magma object in a Category mathematics category with a Cartesian ... are endomorphism s of a medial magma, then the mapping f.g defined by pointwise multiplication math ... provides the following characterization of medial quasigroup s. Given an abelian group A and two commuting ... x y c where c some fixed element of A . It is not hard to prove that A forms a medial quasigroup under this operation. The Bruck Toyoda theorem states that every medial quasigroup is of this form ... associative structures pages 197 280 ref In particular, every medial quasigroup is isotopy of loops isotopic to an abelian group. Generalizations The term medial or more commonly entropic is also used ... ref if every two operations satisfy a generalization of the medial identity. Let f and g ... See also Medial category References references Category Nonassociative algebra es Medial lgebra ... more details
Medial cutaneous may refer to Medial cutaneous nerve of arm Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm Anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve of the upper leg Medial sural cutaneous nerve of the lower leg Medial crural cutaneous branches of saphenous nerve Medial dorsal cutaneous nerve of the foot disambig ... more details
Medial pterygoid can refer to Medial pterygoid muscle Medial pterygoid plate disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Medial condyle can refer to Medial condyle of tibia Medial condyle of femur disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Medial border can refer to Medial border of scapula medial border of kidney disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
wiktionary medialMedial has several meanings In mathematics, a medial is a set with a binary operation satisfying certain properties, see medial . In anatomy , a medial is an adjective describing structures near the midline of an animal, see anatomical terms of location or Human Anatomical Terms Anatomical directions . In applied mathematics and shape analysis , medial is an adjective describing a curve or surface that runs along the midline of a geometrical shape. See medial axis and medial representation . See medial linguistics for the several linguistic senses of the word. Linguistics The Semivowel glide that occurs before the main vowel of a syllable , especially in Chinese phonology see syllable structure A voice phonetics voiced stop consonant A medial clause in a clause chain Medial voice, medial verb see Voice grammar The middle voice Middle voice Medial demonstrative disambig cleanup date November 2011 da Medial de Medial ... more details
Image Medial Triangle.svg thumb right The red triangle is the medial triangle of the black. The endpoints of the red triangle coincide with the midpoints of the black triangle. The medial triangle of a triangle ABC is the triangle with vertices at the midpoint s of the triangle s sides AB, AC and BC. The medial triangle is different from the median triangle . Clarification needed date February 2011 The medial triangle can also be viewed as the image of triangle ABC transformed by a homothety centered at the centroid with ratio 1 2. Hence, the medial triangle is inversely Similarity geometry similar and shares the same centroid and median geometry medians with triangle ABC . It also follows from this that the perimeter of the medial triangle equals the semiperimeter of triangle ABC , and that the area is one quarter of the area of triangle ABC . Note that the orthocenter of the medial triangle coincides with the circumcenter of triangle ABC . This fact provides a tool for proving Line geometry collinearity of the circumcenter, centroid and orthocenter. The medial triangle is the pedal triangle of the circumcenter. If XYZ is the medial triangle of ABC , then ABC is the anticomplementary triangle of XYZ . The anticomplementary triangle of ABC is formed by three lines parallel to the sides of ABC the parallel to AB through C , the parallel to AC through B , and the parallel to BC through ... of the medial triangle are given by X 0 1 b 1 c Y 1 a 0 1 c Z 1 a 1 b 0 Trilinear coordinates ... of the medial triangle are the complements of A, B, C. A point in the interior of a triangle is the center ... of the medial triangle. ref name Chakerian Chakerian, G. D. A Distorted View of Geometry ..., 1979. ref rp p.139 References reflist External links mathworld urlname MedialTriangle title Medial ... Medial Triangle Category Elementary geometry Category Triangle geometry ar nl Complementaire driehoek pms Tri ngol medial zh ... more details
Image Ellipse symmetry set.svg right thumb 240px An ellipse red , its evolute blue , and its medial axis green . The symmetry set , a super set of the medial axis is the green and yellow curves. One bi tangent circle is shown. The medial axis of an object is the set of all points having more than one closest point on the object s boundary. Originally referred to as the topological skeleton , it was introduced by Blum ref A transformation for extracting new descriptors of shape H Blum, Models for the perception of speech and visual form, 1967 http pageperso.lif.univ mrs.fr edouard.thiel rech 1967 ... of the medial axis is known as the cut locus . In 2D, the medial axis of a plane curve S is the locus ... are contained in S . It follows that the medial axis itself is contained in S . The medial axis ... straight segments or arcs of parabolas. The medial axis together with the associated radius function of the maximally inscribed discs is called the medial axis transform MAT . The medial axis transform ... the shape of the original domain. The medial axis is a subset of the symmetry set , which is defined ... of S generally extends to infinity, similar to the Voronoi diagram of a point set. The medial axis generalizes ... medial axis is useful for optical character recognition character and object recognition, while the 3D medial axis has applications in surface reconstruction for physical models, and for dimensional ... right thumb 240px a A simple 3d object. b Its medial axis transform. The colors represent the distance from the medial axis to the object s boundary. See also Voronoi diagram which can be regarded as a discrete form of the medial axis. Cut locus Straight skeleton Shape analysis Local feature ... of the medial axis http polyskeleton.appspot.com Straight Skeleton for polygon with holes Straight ... Multi layered medial axis a generalization of the medial axis for e.g. representing an airport ... of Medial Symmetry Representations of Shape Frederic F. Leymarie1 and Benjamin B. Kimia2 ... more details
Infobox Anatomy Name Medial meniscus Latin meniscus medialis GraySubject 93 GrayPage 343 Image Gray349.png Caption Head of right tibia seen from above, showing menisci and attachments of ligaments. Medial meniscus visible at left. Image2 Gray348.png Caption2 Left knee joint from behind, showing interior ligaments. System MeshName MeshNumber The medial meniscus anatomy meniscus is a fibrocartilage semicircular band that spans the knee joint medially, located between the medial condyle of femur medial condyle of the femur and the medial condyle of tibia medial condyle of the tibia . ref name Platzer 208 Platzer 2004 , p 208 ref It is also referred to as the internal semilunar fibrocartilage . It is a common site of injury, especially if the knee is twisted. Structure The meniscus attaches to the tibia via meniscotibial coronary ligaments . Its anterior end, thin and pointed, is attached to the anterior ... movements of the tibia with the knee flexed 90 degrees , the medial meniscus remains relatively fixed ... Atlas of Anatomy 2006 , p 399 ref Function The medial meniscus separates the tibia and femur to decrease ... and distribute load during movement. Injury Acute injury to the medial meniscus fairly often accompanies an injury to the ACL anterior cruciate ligament or MCL medial collateral ligament . A person occasionally injures the medial meniscus without harming the ligaments. Healing of the medial meniscus ... 2 3 of the medial meniscus has a limited blood supply and thus limited healing ability. Large tears ... and high impact activity. The medial meniscus and the medial compartment are more commonly affected ... medial meniscus.jpg Normal medial meniscus gallery Notes reflist References cite book first Werner ... 9 External links SUNYAnatomyFigs 17 07 06 eMedicineDictionary Medial meniscus NormanAnatomy lljoints ... rad.usuhs.edu medpix kiosk image.html?mode answer&pt id 5014&imageid 12143&quiz no pic Medial Meniscus Tear Knee MR Gray s Joints of lower limbs Category Knee fa pt Menisco medial ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME Image Brainstem Abducens.png Caption Pons . Medial pontine syndrome affects structures at the bottom of the diagram the corticospinal tract, abducens nerve, and occasionally the facial nerve. Mediallemniscus is also affected, but not pictured. DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 G 46 3 g 40 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Medial inferior pontine syndrome is a condition associated with a contralateral hemiplegia . Medial inferior pontine syndrome has been described as equivalent to Foville s syndrome . ref name pmid9023501 cite journal author Hubloue I, Laureys S, Michotte A title A rare case of diplopia medial inferior pontine syndrome or Foville s syndrome journal Eur J Emerg Med volume 3 issue 3 pages 194 8 year 1996 month September pmid 9023501 doi url ref Presentation Although medial pontine syndrome has many similarities to medial medullary syndrome , because it is located higher up the brainstem in the pons , it affects a different set of cranial nuclei. class wikitable Structure affected Presentation Corticospinal tract Contralateral spastic hemiparesis Mediallemniscus Contralateral Posterior column mediallemniscus pathway PCML loss tactile, vibration, and stereognosis Abducens nerve Strabismus ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle paralysis the affected eye looks down and towards the nose . Abducens nerve lesion localizes the lesion to inferior pons. Depending upon the size of the infarct, it can also involve the facial nerve . Cause Image Human brainstem blood supply description.JPG thumb Human brainstem blood supply description. Basilar artery is 7, and pons is visible below it. Medial pontine syndrome results from occlusion of paramedian branches of the basilar artery . References reflist External links http isc.temple.edu neuroanatomy lab lesions 17.htm disease stub Cerebrovascular diseases Lesions of spinal cord and brainstem Category Stroke ... more details
Refimprove date April 2008 Infobox Brain Name Medial longitudinal fasciculus Latin fasciculus longitudinalis medialis GraySubject 188 GrayPage 803 Image Gray711.png Caption Transverse section of mid brain at level of inferior colliculi. Medial longitudinal fasciculus labeled at center right. Image2 Gray710.png Caption2 Axial section through mid brain. BR 1. Corpora quadrigemina . BR 2. Cerebral aqueduct . BR 3. Central gray stratum . BR 4. Interpeduncular space . BR 5. Sulcus lateralis . BR 6. Substantia nigra . BR 7. Red nucleus of tegmentum . BR 8. Oculomotor nerve , with 8 , its nucleus of origin. a. Lemniscus anatomy Lemniscus in blue with a the mediallemniscus and a the lateral lemniscus . b. Medial longitudinal fasciculus . c. Raph . d. Temporopontine fibers . e. Portion of mediallemniscus , which runs to the lentiform nucleus and Insular cortex insula . f. Cerebrospinal fibers . g. Frontopontine fibers . IsPartOf Components Artery Vein BrainInfoType ancil BrainInfoNumber 743 MeshName MeshNumber DorlandsPre f 03 DorlandsSuf 12356052 The medial longitudinal fasciculus MLF is a pair of crossed fiber tracts group of axon s , one on each side of the brainstem . These bundles of axons ... fibers that arise from a number of sources and terminate in different areas. Function The Medial ... and Vestibulospinal tract medial vestibulospinal tract s into the cervical spinal cord , and innervates some muscles of the neck and upper limbs. Inputs The descending MLF mainly arises from the medial ... Ziehen s nubecula dorsalis in 1913 . But finally, it was Wilhelm His, Sr. who changed the name to medial ... of the pons. The medial longitudinal fasciculus is labeled 6. gallery References references External links eMedicineDictionary Medial longitudinal fasciculus UMichAtlas n2a4p4 Brainstem, Cranial Nerve Nuclei, Sagittal Section, Medial View http isc.temple.edu neuroanatomy lab atlas papc Medulla Pons Mesencephalon Visual system DEFAULTSORT Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus Category Brainstem Category ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2009 In mathematics , the medial Category mathematics category Med , that is, the category of medial Magma algebra magma s has as objects sets with a medial binary operation , and morphism s given by homomorphism s of operations in the universal algebra sense . The category Med has Direct product Categorical product direct product s, so the concept of a medial magma object internal binary operation makes sense. As a result, Med has all its objects as medial objects , and this characterizes it. There is an inclusion functor from Set to Med as trivial magma algebra magma s, with binary operation operation s being the right projection mathematics projection s x , y &rarr y . An injective endomorphism can be extended to an automorphism of a magma extension algebra extension &mdash the colimit of the constant sequence of the endomorphism . See also Eckmann Hilton argument Category Category theoretic categories Medial magmas es Medial categor a ... more details
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