width 171 image2 lovastatin spacefill.png CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS UNII Ref fdacite correct ... oral Lovastatin is a member of the drug class of statin s, used for lowering cholesterol hypolipidemic agent in those with hypercholesterolemia and so preventing cardiovascular disease . Lovastatin ... pmid7614366 . Lovastatin also goes by the trade name of Mevacor Merck & Co. in the United States ... of 3 hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase lovastatin. journal Exp Mycol. volume 19 issue ... lovastatin on a dry weight basis. ref name pmid12622228 cite journal author Alarc n J, Aguila S, Arancibia ... 58 issue 1 2 pages 62 4 pmid 12622228 pages 62 4 ref Compactin and lovastatin, natural products with a powerful ... pnas.77.7.3957 ref In 1982, some small scale clinical investigations of lovastatin, a polyketide ... the additional animal safety studies with lovastatin revealed no toxicity of the type thought ... of lovastatin. Observed tolerability continued to be excellent, and lovastatin was approved ... j.atherosclerosissup.2004.08.033 ref Lovastatin at its maximal recommended dose of 80 mg daily ... and occurs with all HMG CoA reductase inhibitors. Lovastatin is also naturally produced by certain ... yeast rice , which naturally contains lovastatin, arguing that products containing prescription agents ... of law that upholds that natural products are not patentable. Mechanism of action Lovastatin is an inhibitor ... Discovery, biochemistry and biology of lovastatin journal The American Journal of Cardiology volume ... is a required building block for cholesterol biosynthesis and lovastatin interferes with its production .... Lovastatin, being inactive in the native form, the form in which it is administered, is hydrolysed ... Image Lovastatin2.png 180px thumb right A ball and stick model of Lovastatin It is now generally ... of lipophylic intermediates with a formal sterol ring. Lovastatin is the first specific inhibitor ... inhibitors of HMG CoA reductase. This led to the discovery of a novel fungal metabolite lovastatin. The structure ... more details
Drugbox type combo image Niacinstr.png image2 Lovastatin.png component1 Niacin class1 n a component2 Lovastatin class2 Statin CAS number ATC prefix C10 ATC suffix BA01 PubChem DrugBank pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US X pregnancy category legal AU Unscheduled S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL P POM CD Class A, B, C legal US Rx only legal status routes of administration Oral Niacin lovastatin tradename Advicor is a drug combination used for the treatment of dyslipidemia . It is a combination of niacin and the statin drug lovastatin best known as Mevacor in the U.S. . The combination preparation is marketed by Abbott Laboratories It was approved by the FDA on December 17, 2001. Dosage The combination is available as tablets containing . ref cite web url http www.rxlist.com cgi generic advicor ids.htm title Advicor package insert, How Supplied section accessdate 2008 03 15 format work ref 500 mg 20 mg 750 mg 20 mg 1000 mg 20 mg 1000 mg 40 mg References Reflist External links http www.advicor.com Advicor website Statins cardiovascular drug stub Category Hypolipidemic agents Category Combination drugs ... more details
enzyme Name lovastatin nonaketide synthase EC number 2.3.1.161 CAS number 235426 97 8 IUBMB EC number 2 3 1 161 GO code 0050637 image width caption In enzymology , a lovastatin nonaketide synthase EC number 2.3.1.161 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction acetyl CoA 8 malonyl CoA 11 NADPH 10 H sup sup S adenosyl L methionine math rightleftharpoons math dihydromonacolin L 9 CoA 8 CO sub 2 sub 11 NADP sup sup S adenosyl L homocysteine 6 H sub 2 sub O The 5 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are acetyl CoA , malonyl CoA , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADPH , hydrogen ion H sup sup , and S adenosyl L methionine , whereas its 6 product chemistry products are dihydromonacolin L , coenzyme A CoA , carbon dioxide CO sub 2 sub , nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NADP sup sup , S adenosyl L homocysteine , and water H sub 2 sub O . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferase s, specifically those acyltransferase s transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is acyl CoA malonyl CoA C acyltransferase decarboxylating, oxoacyl and enoyl reducing, thioester hydrolysing . References reflist 1 cite journal author Heever JP, Hutchinson CR and Vederas JC date 2000 title Lovastatin nonaketide synthase catalyses an intramolecular Diels Alder reaction of a substrate analogue journal J. Am. Chem. Soc. volume 122 pages 11519&ndash 11520 doi 10.1021 ja003216 transferase stub Category EC 2.3.1 Category NADPH dependent enzymes Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Lovastatina nonachetide sintasi ... more details
italic title Taxobox name Aspergillus parasiticus regnum Fungi phylum Ascomycota classis Eurotiomycetes ordo Eurotiales familia Trichocomaceae genus Aspergillus species A. terreus binomial Aspergillus terreus binomial authority Aspergillus terreus is a fungus mold commonly used in industry to produce important organic acids, such as itaconic acid and Aconitic acid cis aconitic acid . It was also the initial source for the drug mevinolin lovastatin , a drug for lowering serum cholesterol . A. terreus may cause opportunistic infection in people with deficient immune systems. It is refractory to amphotericin B therapy. ref http www.doctorfungus.org thefungi aspergillus terreus.htm ref References reflist Category Aspergillus Terreus Eurotiomycetes stub es Aspergillus terreus ... more details
Image Four 3 day old Aspergillus colonies on a Petri dish.png thumb right Aspergillus mold colonies Medicinal molds are molds which have contributed to the discovery of new drugs. Molds are the original source of lovastatin , the antifungal griseofulvin , and the antibiotics penicillin and cephalosporin . http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc articles PMC349746 ?tool pmcentrez http www.merriam webster.com medical penicillin Statins File RedYeastRice.JPG thumb right Red yeast rice The first statin drugs identified and isolated were mevastatin and lovastatin . These statins along with pravastatin were found in the mold Aspergillus terreus . http www.springerlink.com content v476711w806vr686 Using a product of the Aspergillus terreus mold, scientists were able to create simvastatin . Red yeast rice is made from the growth of the mold Monascus purpureus on rice. This fermented food has a long history in Asian cuisine and medicine. Red yeast rice is known to contain lovastatin . http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc articles PMC1761143 ?tool pmcentrez Antibiotics Penicillin a beta lactam antibiotic, was discovered in the growth of the Penicillium notatum mold. Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics discovered in the Acremonium mold. http books.google.com books?id cvJuLqBxGUcC&pg PA847 v onepage&q&f false Antifungal Griseofulvin is an antifungal drug discovered in Penicillium griseofulvum mold. Immunosuppressant Ciclosporin is an immunosuppressant drug widely used in post allogeneic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient s immune system, and therefore the risk of organ rejection. It was first isolated from the mold Tolypocladium inflatum . Mycophenolic acid is also an immunosuppressant drug derived from a mold. See also columns list 2 Ant fungus mutualism Aspergillus oryzae fungus used in the production of soy sauce, miso, and sake. Medicinal mushrooms Mycorrhiza medicinal fungi of the plant kingdom. Nutritional yeast deactivated Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Saccharomyces ... more details
Jonathan A. title Lovastatin and beyond The history of the HMG CoA reductase inhibitors journal Nature ... the product lovastatin mevinolin , which later became known as lovastatin . ref name Tobert ... final.JPG thumb right Fig.2 Lovastatin, a type 1 statin Image Fluvastatin.jpg thumb right Fig.3 Fluvastatin ... that belong to this group are ref name Istvan 2001 Lovastatin Figure 2 Pravastatin Simvastatin Type ... 3 Cerivastatin Atorvastatin Rosuvastatin Lovastatin is derived from a fungus source and simvastatin and pravastatin are chemical modifications of lovastatin and as a result do not differ much in structure from lovastatin. ref name Hamelin 1998 All three are partially reduced napthylene ring structures. Simvastatin and lovastatin are inactive lactone s which must be Metabolism metabolized to their active ... 10665838 doi 10.1016 S0163 7258 99 00045 5 issue 3 ref Lovastatin and simvastatin are administered ... is the most predominant isoform involved in metabolism of lovastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin ... name McTaggart 2003 Atorvastatin 26 60 5 13 17 53 25 45 CYP3A4 98 13 30 No 8 Lovastatin 21 42 2 10 ... more details
ref Rather, lovastatin , developed by Merck , was the first statin drug available ... hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, simvastatin, lovastatin and mevastatin ... more details
in the United States and Japan were isolating lovastatin from Aspergillus and monacolins from Monascus ... carefully controlled conditions. Chemical analysis soon showed that lovastatin and monacolin K are identical ... doi 10.1016 j.atherosclerosissup.2004.08.033 url ref Lovastatin became the patented, prescription ... supplement in the United States and other countries. Lovastatin and other prescription statin ... roughly half will be monacolin K identical to lovastatin . Monacolin content of a red yeast rice product ... position is that red yeast rice products that contain monacolin K, i.e., lovastatin, are identical .... If they do not contain lovastatin, do not claim to contain lovastatin, and do not make a claim ..., as the monacolin K content is lower than what is usually considered effective for lovastatin 20 80 ... suppliers have also been suspected of spiking red yeast rice preparations with purified lovastatin ..., W147 9 year 2009 month June pmid 19528562 doi url ref See also lovastatin medicinal molds References ... more details
Italic title Taxobox name Monascus purpureus image image size regnum Fungus Fungi divisio Ascomycota classis Eurotiomycetidae ordo Incertae sedis familia Monascaceae genus Monascus species M. purpureus binomial Monascus purpureus binomial authority Went , 1895 Monascus purpureus syn. M. albidus , M. anka , M. araneosus , M. major , M. rubiginosus , and M. vini zh s wiktionary wiktionary wiktionary t p h ng q j n , lit. red yeast is a species of mold that is purplish red in color. It is also known by the names ang khak rice mold , corn silage mold , maize silage mold , and rice kernel discoloration . This fungus is most important because of its use, in the form of red yeast rice , in the production of certain fermented foods in China . However, discoveries of cholesterol lowering statin s produced by the mold has prompted research into its possible medical uses. It produces a number of statins . The naturally occurring lovastatins and analogs are called monacolins K, L, J, and also occur in their hydroxyl acid forms along with dehydroxymonacolin and compactin mevastatin . The prescription drug lovastatin , identical to monacolin K, is the principal statin produced by Monascus purpureus. Only the open ring hyroxyl acid form is pharmacologically active. The related fungi Monascus ruber and Monascus pilosus are also used in industrial applications. See also Portal Fungi Medicinal mushrooms Red yeast rice External links http www.indexfungorum.org Names SynSpecies.asp?RecordID 235390 Index Fungorum page synonyms http www.indexfungorum.org Names NamesRecord.asp?RecordID 235390 Index Fungorum page general http www.behrbonn.com monascub.htm Monascus purpureus page http www.umm.edu altmed ConsSupplements RedYeastRicecs.html Website about medicinal use of Monascus purpureus DEFAULTSORT Monascus Purpureus Category Eurotiomycetes Eurotiomycetes stub de Monacolin es Monascus purpureus ja ... more details
3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase lovastatin. journal Exp Mycol. volume 19 issue 1 pages 1 6 publisher ... and lovastatin In vivo research has shown that consumption of oyster mushrooms lowers cholesterol levels ... pmid 19906249 doi 10.1111 j.1753 4887.2009.00230.x ref because these mushrooms naturally contain lovastatin . ref name pmid7614366 Studies have shown they contain up to 2.8 lovastatin on a dry weight ... more details
contained significant amounts of lovastatin , the active ingredient in Mevacor and its generic counterparts ... red yeast rice with enhanced or added lovastatin and bear claims about lipid control and other ... more details
File Lovastatin.svg frameright thumb Lovastatin , a compound isolated from Aspergillus terreus , was the first statin to be marketed. Statins or HMG CoA reductase inhibitors are a class of drug used to lower cholesterol levels by inhibiting the enzyme HMG CoA reductase , which plays a central role in the production of cholesterol in the liver . Increased cholesterol levels have been associated with cardiovascular disease s CVD , ref cite journal author Lewington S, Whitlock G, Clarke R, et al. title ... are on the market atorvastatin Lipitor and Torvast , fluvastatin Lescol , lovastatin Mevacor, Altocor ... CYP2C9 Lovastatin Image Lovastatin.png center 150px Mevacor, Altocor, Altoprev Fermentation derived ... Metabolism and Drug Interactions of the 3 Hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl CoA Reductase Inhibitors Lovastatin ... therapy Lovastatin Niacin extended release Advicor Combination therapy Atorvastatin Amlodipine Besylate ..., lovastatin, pravastatin, and fluvastatin. ref cite journal author Shepherd J, Hunninghake ... , a culinary mushroom, naturally contains lovastatin. Some types of statins are naturally occurring ... compared the efficacy of different doses of atorvastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, lovastatin, and fluvastatin ... versus simvastatin, pravastatin, lovastatin, and fluvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia ... colspan 7 Statin Equivalent Dosages LDL Reduction approx. Atorvastatin Fluvastatin Lovastatin Pravastatin ..., lovastatin, pravastatin, and simvastatin. ref name Graham2004 cite journal author Graham DJ ..., lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin were combined with fibrate fenofibrate or gemfibrozil ... such as atorvastatin, lovastatin, and simvastatin, but other studies have not found a connection ... needed date August 2010 Lovastatin induces the expression of gene atrogin 1, which is believed ... of most statins however it is a major inhibitor of only lovastatin, simvastatin and to a lesser ..., Merck had isolated lovastatin mevinolin, MK803 from the fungus Aspergillus terreus , first marketed ... more details
needed date October 2009 Another medication that affects H Ras is Lovastatin , which is planned ... of Lovastatin was linked with Alcino Silva , who presented his findings at the 2007 symposium ... more details
ref Lovastatin is an anti cholesterol drug that appears to have some effect in vitro , but not in mice ... N, Taniwaki T, et al title Lovastatin does not correct the accumulation of very long chain fatty ... http www.kluweronline.com art.pdf?issn 0141 8955&volume 23&page 607 ref A clinical study of lovastatin ... Lovastatin therapy for X linked adrenoleukodystrophy clinical and biochemical observations on 12 ... no effect of lovastatin on tissue levels of very long chain free fatty acids, and they recommended ... MG, et al. title Lovastatin in X linked adrenoleukodystrophy journal The New England Journal of Medicine ... 4 phenylbutyrate and lovastatin. These two new approaches could potentially lower levels of VLCFA ... more details
drug lovastatin , ref name pmid7614366 citation author Gunde Cimerman N, Cimerman A. title Pleurotus fruiting bodies contain the inhibitor of 3 hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase lovastatin ... , lovastatin , ciclosporin , griseofulvin , cephalosporin , ergometrine , and statins are the most ... more details
The development of simvastatin was closely linked with lovastatin . Biochemist Jesse Huff and his ... lovastatin from a strain of the fungus Aspergillus Aspergillus terreus . While developing and researching lovastatin, Merck scientists synthetically derived a more potent HMG CoA reductase inhibitor ... more details
CRESTOR , lovastatin Mevacor , atorvastatin Lipitor , pravastatin Pravachol , fluvastatin Lescol ... K, or lovastatin previously sold under the trade name Mevacor, and now available as generic lovastatin ... more details
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