c.dk produkter forskning learning index.html UNI C s page for itslearning ref More than 50,000 students ... c.dk produkter kommunikation itslearning funktioner.html It s Learning feature list ref The platform ... ideas highscore Idea high score ref NOTOC See also Electronic learning Virtual learning environment ... Virtual learning environments tech company stub Norway company stub internet stub website stub nl It s learning no It s learning nn It s learning ... more details
Self learning can refer to Learning theory education Learning Theory Autodidacticism Unsupervised learning unsupervised machine learning disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
about a machine learning method active learning in the context of education active learning Active learning is a form of supervised learning supervised machine learning in which the learning algorithm is able to interactively query the user or some other information source to obtain the desired outputs at new data points. In statistics literature it is sometimes also called optimal experimental design . ref Citation title Active Learning Literature Survey url http pages.cs.wisc.edu bsettles pub settles.activelearning.pdf author Settles, Burr journal Computer Sciences Technical Report 1648. University of Wisconsin Madison year 2009 accessdate 2010 09 14 . ref There are situations in which unlabeled data is abundant but labeling data is expensive. In such a scenario the learning algorithm can actively query the user teacher for labels. This type of iterative supervised learning is called active learning. Since the learner chooses the examples, the number of examples to learn a concept can often be much lower than the number required in normal supervised learning. With this approach there is a risk that the algorithm might focus on unimportant or even invalid examples. Active learning can be especially useful in biological research problems such as Protein engineering where a few proteins have been discovered with a certain interesting function and one wishes to determine which of many possible mutants to make next that will have a similar function ref name Danziger2006 Danziger ... that is chosen to be labeled. Most of the current research in active learning involves the best method to chose the data points for math T C,i math . Minimum Marginal Hyperplane Some active learning ... math W math s. Maximum Curiosity Another active learning method, that typically learns a data ... space Active Learning of informative p53 cancer rescue mutants , 2007 Bioinformatics , 23 13 , 104 ... reflist Category Machine learning ... more details
Learning theory may refer to Learning theory education , the process of how humans learn Behaviorism Cognitivism psychology Cognitivism Constructivism learning theory Constructivism Connectivism learning theory Connectivism Computational learning theory , a mathematical theory to analyze machine learning algorithms Instructional theory Multimedia learning theory Social cognitive theory Disambig ... more details
BBC Learning can refer to the following A department BBC Learning within the BBC formerly part of Interactive Factual and Learning , part of BBC Vision The portal website created by BBC Learning A website created by BBC Worldwide BBC Worldwide The BBC Learning website was an attempt by BBC Worldwide to provide learning programs through the internet, the primary content of the website were sponsored list of universities and organizations which were providing e learning, distance learning and similar courses. BBC Learning with its limited content was not successful at attracting people and therefore BBC decided to close the website. BBC Learning The public service side of the BBC continues to support educational and learning resources through a selection of websites. These websites include BBC Learning Zone and BBC Learning Languages . Recently BBC has started a section on its main website focused on students, parents and teachers. This http www.bbc.co.uk learning website is still in beta test status. External links http www.bbclearning.com BBC Worldwide Learning Website Closed http web.archive.org web http www.bbclearning.com archived copy http www.bbc.co.uk learning BBC Learning Website Category BBC New Media ... more details
Flexible Learning is a set of educational philosophies and systems, concerned with providing learners with increased choice, convenience, and personalisation to suit the learner. In particular, flexible learning provides learners with choices about where, when, and how learning occurs. Sometimes also referred to as personalized learning . Flexible learning is a term often used in New Zealand and Australia http www.emeraldinsight.com 10.1108 10650740810866576 see Shurville et al. 2008 Flexible learning approaches are often designed using a full range of teaching and learning theories, philosophies and methods to provide students with opportunities to access information and expertise, contribute ideas and opinions, and correspond with other learners and mentors. This may occur through the use of internet based tools such as Virtual learning environment Virtual Learning Environments VLEs or Learning Management Systems LMSes , discussion boards or chat rooms and may be designed as a blended approach, with content available electronically and remotely, as well as face to face classroom tutorials and lectures. While the majority of flexible learning programs to date have taken advantage of computer based systems E learning , the rapidly increase in the processing power and popularity of mobile digital devices has recently caused considerable interest in M learning mobile learning the use ... the mobility of learners and correspondingly enhance the flexibility of their learning. Fact date October 2008 See also wikiversity Blended learning E Learning M learning Networked learning Virtual education ... What is Flexible Learning? http mlearning.edublogs.org Mobile Learning News http www.chester.ac.uk pdu Negotiated learning http www.emeraldinsight.com 10.1108 10650740810866576 Educational and Institutional Flexibility of Australian Educational Software http wikieducator.org Flexible learning Wikieducator course on flexible learning Category Education related terms Category Experiential learning ... more details
Learning to walk is covered at gross motor skill . Learning to Walk may refer to Learning to Walk Boo Radleys album Learning to Walk Boo Radleys album , a 1992 compilation album by the British indie band The Boo Radleys Learning to Walk Sole album Learning to Walk Sole album , a 2002 compilation album by American hip hop artist Sole disambig ... more details
In machine learning , systems which employ offline learning do not change their approximation of the target function once the initial training phase has been absolved. These systems are also typically examples of eager learning . See also online machine learning online learning , the opposite model online algorithm online and offline algorithms Category Machine learning compu stub ... more details
Robot learning is a subset of machine learning and robotics . Usually robot learning refers to learning to perform tasks such as obstacle avoidance , Control engineering control and various other motion related tasks. While machine learning is frequently used by computer vision algorithms employed in the context of robotics, these applications are usually not referred to as robot learning Robot learning can be closely related to adaptive control and reinforcement learning . See also Machine Learning Robotics Cognitive robotics Evolutionary robotics External links http robot learning.de Max Planck Robot http www.kyb.tuebingen.mpg.de bs people jrpeters Learning Lab http www clmc.usc.edu Robot Learning at the Computational Learning and Motor Control lab http www.cns.atr.jp hrcn Humanoid Robot Learning at the Advanced Telecommunication Research Center ATR http learning robots.de IEEE RAS Technical Committee on Robot Learning http www.idsia.ch juergen learningrobots.html Robot Learning at the http www.idsia.ch juergen cogbotlab.html Cognitive Robotics Lab of Juergen Schmidhuber at IDSIA and Technical University of Munich http www.irobis.com Institute of Robotics in Scandinavia AB iRobis http humanoid.fy.chalmers.se The Humanoid Project Peter Nordin , Chalmers University of Technology http www.cs.cmu.edu rll Robot Learning Lab at Carnegie Mellon University . http www.nimbro.net Project Learning Humanoid Robots at University of Bonn . http www.skilligent.com Skilligent Robot Learning and Behavior Coordination System commercial product http cygnus.uta.edu rl.html A list of robot learning web sites . http www.cs.cornell.edu Courses cs4758 Robot Learning class at Cornell University . Robotics Category Robotics Robot Category Machine learning ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Open learning is a teaching method that is, among others, founded on the work of C lestin Freinet and Maria Montessori . Open learning is supposed to allow pupils self determined, independent and interest guided learning. More recent work on open learning has been conducted by the pedagogues Hans Br gelmann , Falko Peschel , J rg Ramseger and Wulf Wallrabenstein . See also Active learning Augmented learning Cooperative learning Experiential education Example Choice Social learningLearning by teaching LdL Language exchange Open Learning for Development an Open Training Platform sponsored by UNESCO offering free training resources on a wide range of development topics, fostering cooperation to provide free and open content for development. Didactic method , the opposite theory of teaching in a scientific way. Distance education Minimally Invasive Education , a term used in the deployment of Internet connected computers in public places to encourage voluntary learning. Self regulated learning DEFAULTSORT Open Learning Category Teaching Edu stub cs Otev en vyu ov n de Freiarbeit fi Avoin oppiminen ... more details
Robert M. Gagne s book Conditions of Learning , originally published in 1965 by Holt, Rinehart and Winston, describes eight kinds of learning and nine events of Education instruction . This theory of learning involved two steps ref Schunk, D. H. 2008. Learning theories An educational perspective , 5th Ed , pp.286 287 ref References reflist DEFAULTSORT Conditions Of Learning Category 1965 books Category Education books Nonfiction book stub tg ... more details
Social learning may refer to Observational learning psychology , learning that occurs as a function of observing, retaining and replicating behavior observed in ones environment or other people. Social learning theory criminology , a theory of crime that asserts that humans learn deviant behavior from their peers. Social learning social pedagogy , a theory of education that acquisition of social competence happens exclusively or primarily in a social group. disambig ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The Learning Place is a comprehensive online learning environment provided by Education Queensland in Australia , providing online tools, resources and services for teachers and students in Queensland State Schools and affiliate schools and faculties. External links http learningplace.eq.edu.au The Learning Place Australia school stub DEFAULTSORT Learning Place Category Virtual learning environments Category Education in Queensland Category Educational organisations in Australia Category Distance education in Australia ... more details
A Learning Plan is a document possibly an interactive or on line document that is used to plan learning , usually over an extended period of time. Any entity can have a learning plan. They are often used by individuals to plan and manage their own learning, but they can also be used by teams, communities ... plans or it can add information on the emergent learning needs of the overall organization. The active development and maintenance of a learning plan can enrich a person s life and the sharing of learning plans can help to strengthen a community. Components of a Learning Plan A good learning plan is a well articulated document with the following components A set of learning goals that the person ... goals in to more manageable sub goals that can be realized within weeks or months. Each learning ... of an action. Or, if the learning goal is understand Indian cooking , preparing and serving ... the actions to be taken towards the learning goal. One of the best resources is a mentor or coach ..., especially in cases where the learning plan will be shared. Evidence is used to demonstrate ... people that the goal has been achieved, or public, when evidence is required. Modes of Learning A learning plan can be used for many modes of learning. One taxonomy is as follows Culture learning about one s own or other people s cultures Financial learning how to manage money and how money works in the economy Physical physical fitness can be a form of learning and a learning plan can be used to improve and track a person s fitness Political Citizen learning more about one s polity and the rights ... journal can be part of a learning plan. employment Work professional learning A learning plan will often ... that are for various groups, and it may have some parts that are public. Maintaining a Learning Plan Learning plans are most effective when reviewed and maintained regularly, for devoted learners daily. One way to do this is to use the learning plan to track a daily activity, preferably one associated ... more details
Implicit learning is learning of complex information in an incidental manner, without awareness of what has been learned. It may require a certain minimal amount of attention and may depend on attentional and working memory mechanisms. The result of implicit learning is implicit knowledge in the form of abstract but possibly instantiated representations rather than verbatim or aggregate representations. ref http www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed 8165269 ref Some examples from daily life like learning how to ride a bicycle or learning to swim can be given to demonstrate the nature of implicit learning and its mechanism. There are clear similarities between implicit learning and implicit memory . It has been claimed that implicit learning differs from explicit learning in terms of the presence or absence of consciously accessible knowledge. Much evidence supports the distinction between implicit and explicit learning. Researches on amnesia often show intact implicit learning but impaired explicit learning. In addition, brain areas involved in working memory and attention are often more active during explicit than implicit learning. ref Cleeremans, A. 1997 . Principles for Implicit Learning. In D. Berry Ed. , How implicit is implicit learning? pp. 196 234 , Oxford Oxford University Press ref References Reflist Psychology The levels of processing approach was concerned with the processes involved in the conscious acquisition and retrieval of information. o Implicit learning has been used to define learning complex information without complete verbalisable knowledge of what is learned Category Learning psychology Category Learning psych stub de Inzidentelles Lernen hu Implicit tanul s ... more details
Learning to fly or learn to fly may refer to Fledge Fledging , a bird, bat or other flighted creature learning how to fly Flight training , in which a person takes lessons to fly an aircraft such as a helicopter or fixed wing aircraft Learn to Fly , a 1999 song from Foo Fighters album There Is Nothing Left to Lose Learning to Fly Pink Floyd song Learning to Fly Pink Floyd song , a 1987 song by Pink Floyd on the album A Momentary Lapse of Reason Learning to Fly , a 1986 song by Emerson, Lake & Powell on the album Emerson, Lake & Powell album Emerson, Lake & Powell Learning to Fly Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers song Learning to Fly Tom Petty song , a 1991 song by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers on the album Into the Great Wide Open Victoria Beckham Books Learning to Fly , the 2001 autobiography of singer Victoria Beckham Learning to Fly DVD Learning to Fly DVD , Hilary Duff s third video album disambig es Learning to fly pt Learning to Fly ... more details
In artificial intelligence , lazy learning is a learning method in which generalization beyond the training data is delayed until a query is made to the system, as opposed to in eager learning , where the system tries to generalize the training data before receiving queries. The main advantage gained in employing a lazy learning method, such as Case based reasoning , is that the target function will be approximated locally, such as in the k nearest neighbor algorithm . Because the target function is approximated locally for each query to the system, lazy learning systems can simultaneously solve multiple problems and deal successfully with changes in the problem domain. The disadvantages with lazy learning include the large space requirement to store the entire training dataset. Particularly noisy training data increases the case base unnecessarily, because no abstraction is made during the training phase. Another disadvantage is that lazy learning methods are usually slower to evaluate, though this is coupled with a faster training phase. See also Instance based learning References http cran.r project.org web packages lazy Lazy Learning for Local Regression http iridia0.ulb.ac.be lazy The Lazy Learning Package Tech stub Category Machine learning de Lazy learning ... more details
A learning object is a collection of content items, practice items, and assessment items that are combined based on a single learning objective . ref citation last Cisco Systems title Reusable information object strategy url http www.cisco.com warp public 779 ibs solutions learning whitepapers el cisco ... first P. title Use and abuse of reusable learning objects , url http journals.tdl.org jodi rt printerFriendly 89 88. year 2003 ref Learning objects go by many names, including content objects, chunks, educational objects, information objects, intelligent objects, knowledge bits, knowledge objects, learning ..., reusable learning objects, testable reusable units of cognition, training components, and units of learning. Learning objects offer a new conceptualization of the learning process rather than the traditional several hour chunk , they provide smaller, self contained, re usable units of learning ... content, practice, and assessment. A key issue is the use of metadata. Learning object design raises issues of portability, and of the object s relation to a broader learning management system. Definitions The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE defines a learning object as any entity, digital or non digital, that may be used for learning, education or training . ref Harvnb Learning Technology Standards Committee 2002 p 45 ref Chiappe defined Learning Objects as A digital ... and editable components content, learning activities and elements of context. The learning objects ... on the relation between learning object and digital media. RLO CETL, a British inter university Learning Objects Center, defines reusable learning objects as web based interactive chunks of e learning designed to explain a stand alone learning objective . ref citation chapter Learning Objects url http ... Reusable Learning Objects accessdate 2008 04 29 . ref Daniel Rehak and Robin Mason define it as a digitized entity which can be used, reused or referenced during technology supported learning . ref Harvnb ... more details
Non formal learning is a distinction in learning between formal and informal learning . It is learning that occurs in a formal learning environment, but that is not formally recognised. It typically involves ... s. The learning takes place in a formal setting such as an educational organisation, but is not formally recognised within a curriculum or syllabus framework Introduction Non formal learning normally ... and timeframes. Non formal learning sits in between and overlaps formal and informal learning and is increasing recognised alongside the concept of life long learning by the OECD , EU and employers around the world. Non formal Learning A Definition Non formal learning occurs in a planned but highly ..., but the motivation for learning may be wholly intrinsic to the learner. Examples of non formal ... associated with increased love for a subject or increased passion for learning. ref SEEQUEL.http www.menon.org ... 5wT2umMVj date 2011 02 13 ref Characterisations Non formal learning can be characterized as follows ... to certification or qualification. It is however, structured in terms of learning objectives, learning time or learning support. It can be undertaken by the individual or be part of an organised activity that occurs within the workplace or community. Non formal learning is intentional from the learner s perspective History The debate over the relative value of formal and informal learning has existed for a number of years. Traditionally formal learning that takes place in a school or university and has a greater value placed upon it than informal learning , such as learning within the workplace. This concept of formal learning being the socio cultural accepted norm for learning was first ... learnt through informal processes, citing language learning as an example. Moreover, anthropologists noted that complex learning still takes place within indigenous communities that had no formal educational institutions. ref Lave, J. and Wenger, E. 1991 Situated Learning Legitimate Peripheral ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Apprenticeship learning , or apprenticeship via inverse reinforcement learning AIRP , is a concept in the field of Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning , developed by Pieter Abbeel, Assistant Professor in University of California, Berkeley Berkeley s Electrical engineering EE Computer Science CS department, and Andrew Ng , Associate Professor in Stanford University s Computer Science Department. AIRP deals with Markov decision process where we are not explicitly given a reward function, but where instead we can observe an expert demonstrating the task that we want to learn to perform ref http www.cs.utexas.edu ianfasel OtherPapers AbbeelNgApprenticeship.pdf Pieter Abbeel, Andrew Ng, Apprenticeship learning via inverse reinforcement learning. In 21st International Conference on Machine Learning ICML . 2005. ref AIRP concept is closely related to reinforcement learning that is a sub area of Machine learning concerned with how an agent ought to take actions in an environment so as to maximize some notion of long term reward . AIRP algorithms are used when the reward function is unknown. The algorithms use observations of the behavior of an expert to teach the agent the optimal actions in certain states of the environment . References reflist External links http www.cs.stanford.edu people ang rl videos Videos of robots performing actions learned through apprenticeship learning algorithms DEFAULTSORT Apprenticeship Learning Category Machine learning ... more details
Blended Learning refers to a mixing of different learning environments. The phrase has many specific meanings based upon the context in which it is used. Blended learning gives learners and teachers a potential ... A blended learning approach can combine face to face instruction with computer mediated instruction ... of learning and teaching, the ultimate aim of blended learning being to provide realistic practical opportunities for learners and teachers to make learning independent, useful, sustainable and ever ... Bonk editor2 first C. R. editor2 last Graham title Handbook of blended learning Global perspectives, local designs year 2005 publisher Pfeiffer location San Francisco, CA pages 3 21 chapter Blended learning ... in blended learning Whether a course should be proposed as a face to face interaction, an online course ... .E learning. http knol.google.com k thomas de praetere e learning 20ohkjtmn38cb 2 ref BLENDED learning increases the options for greater quality and quantity of human interaction in a learning environment. Blended learning offers learners the opportunity to be both together and apart. ref name Garrison cite journal last Garrison first D. R. coauthors H. Kanuka year 2004 title Blended learning Uncovering .... Blended learning provides a good mix of technologies and interactions, resulting in a socially supported, constructive, learning experience this is especially significant given the profound effect that it could have on distance learning. Role of the instructor The instructor can combine two or more methods of teaching method. A typical example of blended learning methodology would be a combination ... up materials online. Blended learning can also be applied to the integration of Electronic learning e learning with a Learning Management System using computers in a physical classroom, along with face to face instruction. ref http www.tomw.net.au technology it blended learning Blended Learning Using a Learning Management System Live in the Classroom, Tom Worthington, The Australian National University ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 A Learning Leader is commonly employed in a management role within the learning training and talent function of an organization. The role of the learning leader typically involves the management of the training learning function of the organization or department. Just as importantly, the learning leader also supports and promotes innovation and change in the organizational culture ref Argrys, C. 1999 . On Organizational Learning. Blackwell Publishers 2nd ed. ISBN 0 631 21308 2 ref and helps drive business objectives in the area of learning and development ref Wick, C. 2006 . The Six Disciplines of Breakthrough Learning. Pfeiffer. ISBN 0 7879 8254 7 ref . A crucial difference between managers and leaders lies in the conceptions they hold, deep in the psyches, of chaos and order. Leaders tolerate chaos and lack of structure... Managers seek order and control. ref Channer, P. and Hope, T. 2001 . Emotional Impact Passionate Leaders and Corporate Transformation. Palgrave Publishers. ISBN 0 333 92547 5 ref Key competencies for a learning leader are Customer relationship management General management experience Knowledge of learning theories , concepts and application Strategic Leadership Strategic leadership Technologically resourceful Brave New World 2000 Business acumen ref name reilly Reilly, Dr. Raymond R and Reilly, Dr. Gregory P. http www.acumenlearning.com ... , HR West , December 2009. ref A learning leader combines these competencies to drive higher performance and create strong business outcomes and results ref Schooley C. 2007 . Learning Director Are You ... CEdMA Europe Web site http www.cedma europe.org newsletter 20articles misc Learning 20Director 20 20Are 20you 20Ready 20for 20your 20New 20Role 20 Apr 2008 .pdf ref Typically, the most senior learning leader in an organization is the Chief Learning Officer Chief Learning Officer CLO who controls allocation of learning resources and budgets. References reflist Category Management occupations Category ... more details
image Advancement of learning.jpg right thumbnail Title page The Advancement of Learning full title Of the Proficience and Advancement of Learning, Divine and Human is a 1605 book by Francis Bacon . External links http www.gutenberg.org etext 5500 Full text on Project Gutenberg http www.classic literature.co.uk british authors 16th century francis bacon the advancement of learning Full text at classic literature.co.uk http www.btinternet.com glynhughes squashed bacon.htm Condensed Version 1 page book stub DEFAULTSORT Advancement of Learning Category Works by Francis Bacon philosopher Category 1605 books ... more details
orphan date May 2010 Proactive learning ref Donmez, P., Carbonell, J.G. Proactive Learning Cost Sensitive Active learning Active Learning with Multiple Imperfect Oracles, in Proceedings of the 17th ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge management Knowledge Management CIKM 08 , Napa County, California Napa Valley 2008. http www.cs.cmu.edu pinard Papers cikm0613 donmez.pdf ref is a generalization of active learning designed to relax unrealistic assumptions and thereby reach practical applications. Active learning seeks to select the most informative unlabeled instances and ask an omniscient oracle for their labels, so as to retrain the learning algorithm maximizing accuracy. However, the oracle is assumed to be infallible never wrong , indefatigable always answers , individual only one oracle , and insensitive to costs always free or always charges the same . Proactive learning relaxes all four of these assumptions, relying on a decision theoretic approach to jointly select the optimal oracle and instance, by casting the problem as a utility optimization problem subject to a budget constraint . References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Proactive Learning Category Learning ... more details
Learning difficulties may refer to The conditions known in North America as learning disability learning disabilities , which are called specific learning difficulties in the United Kingdom The condition referred to by the World Health Organization as mental retardation , which is sometimes called learning disability in the United Kingdom For more information, see the section on Mental retardation United Kingdom History of the terminology United Kingdom . disambig Short pages monitor This long comment was added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. It and the accompanying monitoring template were generated via Template Longcomment. Please do not remove the monitor template without removing the comment as well. ... more details
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