rate that temephos breaks down in water, this type of larvicide does not pose an unreasonable ... of plants so that they naturally produce a larvicide in plant tissues. See also Index of pesticide ... pest control Category Pesticides de Larvizid fr Larvicide nl Larvicide ... more details
italic title Taxobox color lightgrey name Bacillus sphaericus regnum Bacterium Bacteria phylum Firmicutes classis Bacilli ordo Bacillales familia Bacillaceae genus Bacillus species sphaericus binomial Bacillus sphaericus Bacillus sphaericus is an obligate aerobe bacterium used as a larvicide for mosquito control . ref cite web title Larvicides for mosquito control publisher U.S. Environmental Protection Agency date 2007 04 11 url http www.epa.gov pesticides health mosquitoes larvicides4mosquitoes.htm accessdate 2007 06 29 ref It forms spherical endospore s. References reflist Category Bacillaceae bacteria stub ... more details
Lampricide is a chemical which is designed to target the larvae of Lampreys in river systems before their recruitment as parasitic adults. TFM piscicide TFM 3 trifluoromethyl 4 nitrophenol is one such chemical http www.science.mcmaster.ca Biology Harbour SPECIES SEALAMP CONTROL.HTM While effective in that it typically doesn t harm other fish due to the evolutionary relationship between true fish and lampreys Fact date November 2007 , lampricides can be problematic for amphibians such as Mudpuppy mudpuppies genus Necturus which often share the same habitats. Also, some more primitive species of fish, such as the Sturgeon in the Great Lakes are sensitive to chemicals such as TFM. External links http pr rp.pmra arla.gc.ca PR SOL pr web.ve1?p ukid 625 Sea Lamprey Larvicide LAMPRECID Category Pesticides Category Fisheries science fish stub ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 419140516 Name Xanthone ImageFile Ref chemboximage correct ?? ImageFile Xanthone.svg ImageSize 200px ImageName Xanthone IUPACName 9H xanthen 9 one OtherNames 9 oxo xanthene br diphenyline ketone oxide Section1 Chembox Identifiers SMILES O C1c3c Oc2c1cccc2 cccc3 ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 6753 PubChem 7020 InChI 1 C13H8O2 c14 13 9 5 1 3 7 11 9 15 12 8 4 2 6 10 12 13 h1 8H InChIKey JNELGWHKGNBSMD UHFFFAOYAA ChEMBL Ref ebicite correct EBI ChEMBL 186784 StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C13H8O2 c14 13 9 5 1 3 7 11 9 15 12 8 4 2 6 10 12 13 h1 8H StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey JNELGWHKGNBSMD UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo 90 47 1 RTECS Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 13 sub H sub 8 sub O sub 2 sub MolarMass 196.19 g mol Appearance off white solid Density Solubility sl. sol. in hot water MeltingPtC 174 BoilingPtC 351 Section7 Chembox Hazards ExternalMSDS MainHazards FlashPt RPhrases R36 37 38 SPhrases S26 S37 ref name Alpha http www.alfa.com MSDSPDF English A14812.pdf MSDS from AlphaAesar ref Section8 Chembox Related OtherCpds xanthene Xanthone is an organic compound with the molecular formula C sub 13 sub H sub 8 sub O sub 2 sub . It can be prepared by the heating of phenyl salicylate . ref Organic Syntheses , Coll. Vol. 1, p.552 1941 preparation of xanthone ref In 1939, xanthone was introduced as an insecticide and it currently finds uses as ovicide for codling moth eggs and as a larvicide . ref Steiner, L. F. and S. A. Summerland. 1943. Xanthone as an ovicide and larvicide for the codling moth. Journal of economic entomology 36, 435 439. ref Xanthone is also used in the preparation of xanthydrol , which is used in the determination of urea levels in the blood. Xanthone derivatives The chemical structure of xanthone forms the central core of a variety of naturally occurring organic compounds, such as mangostin , which are sometimes co ... more details
Fungus gnats are small, dark, short lived fly flies , of the families Sciaridae , Diadocidiidae , Ditomyiidae , Keroplatidae , Bolitophilidae and Mycetophilidae order Diptera , sometimes placed in the Family biology superfamily Mycetophiloidea, whose larva e feed on plant roots or fungi and aid in the decomposition of organic matter . The adults are 2 5 mm long and are important pollinator s that can help spread mushroom spore s as well as plant pollen. Taxobox name Sciaroidea image Trauerfliege.JPG image caption winged fungus gnat regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Insect a ordo Fly Diptera subordo Nematocera infraordo Bibionomorpha superfamilia Sciaroidea subdivision ranks Families subdivision Bolitophilidae br Diadocidiidae br Ditomyiidae br Keroplatidae br Mycetophilidae br Sciaridae br They can be controlled by Hypoaspis miles or the biological larvicide Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis that kills the gnats in their larval stage, which must be applied weekly as a soil drench for 4 5 weeks. Detergents and the nicotine from tobacco brewed into a toxic tea are used by some people to control fungus gnats. Another effective deterrent is a yearly bath in insecticidal soap and applying an indoor mulch to the top of your soil. Another organic repellent is the use of Neem oil as a soil drench diluted 1 teaspoon per litre of water and applied 300 ml per square meter of soil 4 teaspoons per US gallon, 3 avoirdupois ounces per international square foot . There is actually a very cheap and easy way to rid yourself of fungus gnats. Buy some sterile sand at any home improvement center. Sprinkle about a half inch of sand on top of the soil. That s it. At that point the fungus gnats can t get back to the soil and the larvae can t escape. It is very effective, even for serious investations. In houseplants the presence of fungus gnats may indicate overwatering. They may be feeding on roots that have sat in drain water too long and are rotting or may be attra ... more details
chembox Verifiedfields changed verifiedrevid 401619625 ImageFile Temefos.svg ImageFile2 Temefos 3D.png ImageSize 300px ImageSize2 300px IUPACName O , O , O , O Tetramethyl O , O sulfanediylbis 1,4 phenylene diphosphorothioate OtherNames 4 4 dimethoxyphosphinothioyloxyphenyl sulfanylphenoxy br dimethoxy sulfanylidene phosphorane Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 5199 InChI 1 C16H20O6P2S3 c1 17 23 25,18 2 21 13 5 9 15 10 6 13 27 16 11 7 14 8 12 16 22 24 26,19 3 20 4 h5 12H,1 4H3 InChIKey WWJZWCUNLNYYAU UHFFFAOYAC StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C16H20O6P2S3 c1 17 23 25,18 2 21 13 5 9 15 10 6 13 27 16 11 7 14 8 12 16 22 24 26,19 3 20 4 h5 12H,1 4H3 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey WWJZWCUNLNYYAU UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo 3383 96 8 PubChem 5392 KEGG Ref keggcite changed kegg KEGG D06062 SMILES S P OC OC Oc2ccc Sc1ccc OP S OC OC cc1 cc2 MeSHName Temefos Section2 Chembox Properties C 16 H 20 O 6 P 2 S 3 Appearance Density 1.32 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPtC 30 BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Temefos or Temephos trade name Abate is an organophosphate larvicide used to treat water infested with disease carrying insects ref http www.basfpublichealth.com products abate.html Abate Product Information ref including mosquito es, midge s, and black fly larva e. As with other organophosphates, temephos affects the central nervous system through inhibition of cholinesterase . In larvae, this results in death before reaching the adult stage. In the developing world where the Vector epidemiology vector borne disease dengue fever is Endemic epidemiology endemic , temephos is widely used and applied by both private and public pest control in areas of standing water where the Aedes aegypti mosquito breeds in order to reduce the population of this disease carrying insect. ref http nytimes.com 2006 03 26 international africa 26worm.html?pagewant ... more details
rate of relevant mosquito species. Larvicide s are also used worldwide in mosquito abatement programs. Temefos is a common mosquito larvicide. ref Walsh, Julia A., and Kenneth S. Warren. 1980. Selective ... more details
mosquito larvicide spraying. ref cite web url http home.nyc.gov html doh html pr2007 pr053 07.shtml ..., Queens, and Bronx with Mosquito Larvicide publisher Government of New York City ref Though considered ... more details
This is a description of Public health concerns in Onondaga County , New York . Historical public health concerns West Nile virus The Vector Control program conducts bird and mosquito surveillance and mosquito control activities in order to prevent transmission of vector borne diseases. In 2009, West Nile virus WNV detected in mosquitoes and birds in Onondaga County. In addition, Eastern equine encephalitis virus EEE virus was detected in mosquitoes. There were no reported human cases of WNV or EEE virus infection in Onondaga County in 2009. The Vector Control program performed mosquito control activities from May through September. Program staff treated 8,300 catch basins throughout the county with Altosid XR, a single application, long lasting, briquette larvicide. Nearly 1,000 known breeding sites were checked and treated, as necessary, with granular larvicide or larviciding oil. The number of treated catch basins was reduced due to the decline in WNV activity in recent years. H1N1 On June 11, 2009 the World Health Organization declared that this virus represented the emergence of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Unprecedented levels of influenza activity were documented in Onondaga County. Over the summer and early fall, http www.ongov.net health Onondaga County Health Department , in close partnership with the New York State Department of Health , worked to respond to and prepare for more influenza activity. The OCHD maintained regular communication about the pandemic with health care providers, schools, governmental and community based organizations, and the public throughout the summer and fall. Public health preparedness staff focused efforts on developing a mass vaccination plan, targeting school age children who were both most likely to get the disease and spread the disease. By September 2009, influenza cases started to increase again, ultimately peaking the last week of October. The vaccine started arriving in October and Onondaga County was prepared to deliver i ... more details
other uses An insecticide is a pesticide used against insect s. They include ovicides and larvicide s used against the Egg biology eggs and larva e of insects respectively. Insecticides are used in agriculture , medicine , industry and the household . The use of insecticides is believed to be one of the major factors behind the increase in agricultural productivity in the 20th century. ref van Emden HF, Pealall DB 1996 Beyond Silent Spring , Chapman & Hall, London, 322pp. ref Nearly all insecticides have the potential to significantly alter ecosystems many are toxic to humans and others are concentrated in the food chain. citation needed date January 2011 Classes of agricultural insecticides The classification of insecticides is done in several different ways citation needed date January 2011 Systemic insecticides are incorporated by treated plants. Insects ingest the insecticide while feeding on the plants. Contact insecticides are toxic to insects brought into direct contact. Efficacy is often related to the quality of pesticide application , with small droplets such as aerosol s often improving performance. ref cite web url http www.dropdata.org title dropdata.org publisher dropdata.org date accessdate 2011 01 05 ref Natural insecticides, such as nicotine , pyrethrum and neem extracts are made by plants as defenses against insects. Nicotine based insecticides have been barred in the U.S. since 2001 to prevent residues from contaminating foods. ref cite web url http pmep.cce.cornell.edu profiles insect mite mevinphos propargite nicotine nicotine tol 1201.html title nicotine Proposed Revocation of Tolerances 12 01 publisher Pmep.cce.cornell.edu date accessdate 2011 01 05 ref Inorganic insecticides are manufactured with metals and include arsenate s, copper compounds and fluorine compounds, which are now seldom used, and sulfur , which is commonly used. Organic insecticides ... strains of this bacterium are used as a larvicide against caterpillar s, beetles, and mosquitoes ... more details
water build up the habitat of the larva , and larvicide s are used as well as larva eating fish ... yellow fever. Pyriproxyfen is recommended as a chemical larvicide, mainly because it is safe for humans ... more details
for larvicide treatments. Among the recent preventative measures acquired, together with the idea ... with low environmental impact. In particular, wisely used insecticides used for larvicide treatments ... more details
More footnotes date October 2010 File Culiseta annulata from Marshall 1938.jpg thumb right Mosquitos are generally considered annoying and may also transmit diseases, thus leading to a variety of human efforts to eradicate or reduce their presence. Mosquito control manages the population of mosquito es to reduce their damage to human health, economies, and enjoyment. Mosquito control is a vital public health practice throughout the world and especially in the tropics because mosquitoes spread many diseases, such as malaria . Mosquito control operations are targeted against three different problems Nuisance mosquitoes bother people around homes or in parks and recreational areas Economically important mosquitoes reduce real estate values, adversely affect tourism and related business interests, or negatively impact livestock or poultry production Public health is the focus when mosquitoes are Vector epidemiology vector s, or transmitters, of infectious disease . Disease organisms transmitted by mosquitoes include West Nile virus , St. Louis Encephalitis Saint Louis encephalitis virus , Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus , Everglades virus , Highlands J virus , La Crosse Encephalitis virus in the United States dengue fever , yellow fever , Ilheus virus , and malaria in the Neotropics American tropics Rift Valley fever , Wuchereria bancrofti , Japanese Encephalitis , chikungunya and malaria in Africa and Asia and Murray Valley encephalitis in Australia. In the United States , states with sizable mosquito control programs include California, Florida, New Jersey, Louisiana, Minnesota, Michigan, North Dakota, and Texas, among others. General methods Depending on the situation, source reduction, biocontrol, Larvicide larviciding control of larva e , or adulticiding control of adults may be used to manage mosquito populations. These techniques are accomplished using habitat modification, pesticide , biological control agents, and trapping. Monitoring mosquito population ... more details
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