to language as a verb and an ongoing process, or languaging 1988 25 see also Becker, 1991a,b . For Li .... , Linguistics in Context. Ablex, Norwood, NJ, pp. 17 35. Becker, A.L., 1991a. A short essay on languaging .... Becker, A.L., 1991b. Language and languaging. Language and Communication 11 2 , 33 35. Canagarajah ..., 2006. Languaging, Agency and Collaboration in Advanced Second Language Learning. In Byrnes, Heidi ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Distributed language represents an externalist perspective on human cognition. Instead of tracing communication to individual knowledge of a symbolic system , language activity is taken to sustain the human world. Extending work by Humberto Maturana , priority is given to how face to face interaction draws on multimodal activity or languaging . 1 As people language together, they gain the skills and knowledge needed to participate in a range of activities in which wordings play a part. Over time, these activities construct and maintain language as a whole. Distributed language thus links a biological theory of the origin of language to distributed cognition . Human cognitive and communicative abilities arise as people do things together while drawing on material, linguistic and other resources. Language activity is constrained by biology , circumstances, and collective ways of life. While bodies sustain coordination, our lived realities are extended by the resources of a partly shared collective world. Thus, language cannot be separated from the artifacts and institutions or the behaviour of the living beings who undertake collaborative and solo tasks. This distributed perspective challenges the mainstream view that language use can be explained by individual competencies and microsocial rules. To ascribe language to individual organisms is, on the distributed perspective, an error. Building on cognitive science , the perspective challenges cognitive internalism by presenting language as a prime case of embodied and culturally embedded cognition. It emphasizes that the heterogeneity of human language does much to shape people, mind and society. Major Founders http www.psy.herts.ac.uk pub sjcowley index.html Stephen Cowley http faculty.gordon.edu ss py Bert Hodges index.cfm Bert Hodges Alexander Kravchenko linguist http www.liu.se ikk medarbetare per linell bioblurb?l sv Per Linell http www.semioticon.com people thibault.htm Paul J. Thibault ... more details
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