one language. Dutch and English were the first official languages of SouthAfrica from 1910 to 1925 ... was replaced by Afrikaans when SouthAfrica became a republic in 1961, ref The Official Languages ... dominant language map.svg thumb right Dominant languages in SouthAfrica. Clear columns col1 legend ... represented in SouthAfrica the Sotho Tswana languages Sotho Tswana branch Sotho, Northern Sotho ... languages of SouthAfrica can be divided into two geographical zones, with Nguni languages being ... areas. Other significant languages spoken in SouthAfrica This section is linked from Pretoria Other languages spoken in SouthAfrica, though not mentioned in the Constitution, include Fanagalo ... of other languages can also be found in parts of SouthAfrica. In the older immigrant communities ... , Central and West Africa n languages have arrived in SouthAfrica, mostly in the major cities, especially ... Chapter 1 Founding Provisions , Section 6 Languages of the Constitution of SouthAfrica is the basis ... for br i all languages commonly used by communities in SouthAfrica, including German language ... of SouthAfrica accessdate 1 December 2009 location Cape Town Recognised languages Official ... about people language.htm title The languages of SouthAfrica year 2009 work SA People publisher ... also Portalbox SouthAfricaLanguages Official names of SouthAfrica References Reflist External links http salanguages.com Introduction to the languages of SouthAfrica http www.ethnologue.com show country.asp?name SouthAfrica Ethnologue Listing of South African Languages http www.panafril10n.org ... . Language in Society , Vol. 27, No. 4 Dec., 1998 , pp. 439 458 Languages of SouthAfrica Life in SouthAfricaAfrica in topic Languages of Use dmy dates date September 2010 DEFAULTSORT Languages Of SouthAfrica Category Languages of SouthAfrica af Tale in Suid Afrika bn ... pt L nguas da frica do Sul ru simple Languages of SouthAfrica ... more details
. Major Horn of Africalanguages are Amharic and Oromo language Oromo . Important South African languages ... in Africa ref cite book title African Languages an Introduction editor last Heine editor first Bernd ... Africa is incredibly rich in language&mdash over 3,000 indigenous languages by some counts, and many ... Congo languages Niger Congo covers West Africa West , Central Africa Central , and East Africa Southeast Africa Khoe languages Khoe is concentrated in the deserts of Namibia and Botswana Austronesian ... drum drummed to communicate over long distances. About a hundred of the languages of Africa are widely ... groups Most languages spoken in Africa belong to one of three large Language family language families ... languages Austronesian language families which originated outside Africa the presence ... Afro Asiatic languages are spoken throughout the Middle East , North Africa , the Horn of Africa ... Asiatic family of languages that is spoken outside of Africa. Some of the most widely spoken ... group of Africa and probably of the world in terms of the number of languages. One of its salient ... Niger Congo with the Kordofanian languages of south central Sudan , was proposed in 1950s by Joseph ... Ubangian . Other language families Austronesian Several languages spoken in Africa belong to language ... in Africa. Since the colonial era, Indo European languages such as Afrikaans , English language English ... franca s. See African French and Portuguese in Africa African Portuguese . Languages of India Indian languages such as Gujarati language Gujarati are spoken by South Asia n expatriates exclusively ... to the major families of Africa Mande languages Mande , some 70 languages, including the major ... along the middle Niger River Kx a languages Kx a of southern Africa Tuu languages Tuu , or Taa Ui ... is thus unlikely to be forthcoming. Sign languages See also List of sign languagesAfrica Many African ... thumb upright 1.5 Official languages in Africa cellpadding 0 legend FF8C00 Afrikaans legend 8EB423 ... more details
Italic title The Languages of Africa is a 1963 book of essays by Joseph Greenberg , in which he sets forth a genetic classification of African languages that, with some changes, continues to be the most ... The book classifies Africa s languages into four stocks not presumed to be related, as follows ... language Dime , Gayi, Kerre, Tsamai, Doko, Dollo III.D.5 South Cushitic languages Southern Cushitic ... Khoisan IV.A South African Khoisan IV.A.1 Northern Khoisan languages Northern South African Khoisan IV.A.2 Central Khoisan languages Central South African Khoisan IV.A.3 Southern Khoisan languages ..., Joseph H. 1963 The Languages of Africa . International journal of American linguistics, 29, 1, part 2. Greenberg, Joseph H. 1966 The Languages of Africa 2nd ed. with additions and corrections . Bloomington Indiana University. DEFAULTSORT Languages of Africa Category Language histories Category Languages of Africa Category Linguistics books Category 1963 books ... as against isolated comparisons between pairs of languages. Only linguistic evidence is relevant ... against previous African linguists notably Carl Meinhof Meinhof who had classified languages on linguistic ... Sudanic languages Western Sudanic , but he changed the subclassification, including Fula language ... Bantu languages Bantu as merely a subfamily of Benue Congo previously termed Semi Bantu . Semitic ..., while Chadic languages Chadic , Nilo Hamitic languages Nilo Hamitic , Fulani, and Hottentot language ... linguistics as a result, he renamed the newly reclassified family Afro Asiatic languages Afroasiatic ... Hottentot as a member of the Central Khoisan languages. To Khoisan he also added the much more ... used. Within this, he identified a major subgroup termed Chari Nile languages Chari Nile , containing ... Sudanic on a firmer foundation. Finally, he assigned the non Nilo Saharan languages of the Nuba Hills of Kordofan to a single subfamily Kordofanian languages Kordofanian , which together with Niger ... more details
largest settlement largest settlement type official languages Collapsible list title Languages of SouthAfrica 11 ref The Khoi languages Khoi , Nama language Nama and San languagesSouth African Sign ... Hebrew , Sanskrit language Sanskrit and other languages used for religious purposes in SouthAfrica ... Britannica.com accessdate 30 October 2011 ref SouthAfrica is multi ethnic and has diverse cultures and languages. Eleven official languages are recognised in the Constitution of SouthAfrica ... name Collapsible list title center Republic of SouthAfrica center br center small Republiek ... publisher Constitutional Court of SouthAfrica accessdate 3 September 2009 ref small center common name SouthAfrica image flag Flag of South Africa.svg alt flag image coat Coat of arms of South ... Xam language Xam br Unity In Diversity small national anthem National anthem of SouthAfrica File SouthAfrica National Anthem.ogg royal anthem motto other symbol type other symbol image map SouthAfrica ... type languages ethnic groups 79.5 Black people Black br 9.0 White South African White br 9.0 Coloured ... of SouthAfrica President leader name1 Jacob Zuma leader title2 Deputy President of SouthAfrica ... of SouthAfrica Parliament upper house National Council of Provinces lower house National Assembly of SouthAfrica National Assembly sovereignty type Independence sovereignty note nowrap from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland United Kingdom established event1 Union of SouthAfrica ... publisher Statistics SouthAfrica accessdate 7 July 2008 ref population census year 2001 population ... 2CLP&grp 0&a title SouthAfrica publisher International Monetary Fund accessdate 2011 September 20 ... country The Republic of SouthAfrica also referred to as SouthAfrica , SA or RSA is a Sovereign state ... about facts.htm title SouthAfrica Fast Facts publisher SouthAfrica.info month April year 2007 accessdate ... Africa President . About 79.5 of the South African population is of Black people black African ancestry ... more details
Unreferenced date September 2008 Image Africa satellite orthographic.jpg 230px right This is a list of extinct languages of Africa , languages which have undergone language death , have no native speakers and no Historical language spoken descendant . Angola Kwadi language Kwadi Cameroon Duli language Duli Gey language Gey Nagumi language Nagumi Yeni language Yeni Chad Horo language Horo Muskum language Muskum C te d Ivoire Esuma language Esuma Democratic Republic of the Congo Ngbee language Ngbee Egypt Ancient Egyptian language Ancient Egyptian Ancient Nubian Eritrea Geez language Geez Ethiopia Gafat language Gafat Geez see Eritrea, above Mesmes language Weyto language Weyto Guinea Baga Kaloum language Baga Kaloum see Baga languages Baga Soban language Baga Soban Kenya Elmolo language Elmolo Kore language Kore Omotik language Omotik Nigeria Ajawa language Ajawa Auyokawa language Auyokawa Basa Gumna language Basa Gumna Gamo Ningi language Gamo Ningi Kpati language Kpati Kubi language Kubi Mawa language Mawa Teshenawa language Teshenawa SouthAfrica & 47 Xegwi language Xegwi & 47 Xam language Xam Seroa language Seroa Sudan Ancient Nubian Beigo Baygo Berti language Berti Birked language Birked Gule language Gule Homa language Homa Mittu language Mittu Togoyo language Togoyo Torona language Torona Tanzania Kw adza language Kw adza Ngasa language Ngasa Tunisia Mediterranean Lingua Franca Punic language Punic Sened language Sened Vandalic language Vandalic Uganda Nyang i language Nyang i Singa language Singa Category Lists of extinct languages Category Extinct languages of Africa Category Africa related lists Extinct languages gag Afrika k kl l diller listasi mk tr Afrika k kenli l diller listesi ... more details
bnl Boon SouthAfrica class wikitable align center style font size 90 SouthAfrica width 20 Language ... languagesAfrica Category Lists of languages Endangered Category Endangered languages of Africa Category Africa related lists Endangered languages ... Source Red Book of Endangered Languages ISO 639 3 hio Ethnologue entry Ethnolink ... Languages ISO 639 3 sbf Ethnologue entry Ethnolink sbf Shabo language Ghana class wikitable align ... Kinare language , Okiek language Source Red Book of Endangered Languages ISO 639 3 oki Ethnologue ... in Namibia Source Red Book of Endangered Languages ISO 639 3 isocode Ethnologue entry ... Languages ISO 639 3 isocode Ethnologue entry Ethnolink isocode Xu language Nigeria ... No. Speakers Source Red Book of Endangered Languages ISO 639 3 kch Ethnologue entry Ethnolink kch Vono ... Also spoken in Gambia . No. Speakers Over 10,000 Source Red Book of Endangered Languages ISO 639 3 ... Language N ng language Comments No. Speakers 10 2003 Crawhall 500 1998 Nigel Crawhall, South African ... Ongamo language Comments Also Ngasa language No. Speakers Source Red Book of Endangered Languages ISO ... more details
Semitic Ethiopian languages and Ge ez abugida Ethiopic script in Africa is believed by some to be due ... is a backwards one in that Afro Asiatic languages arose in Africa originally and moved into the Middle ... no. 1665 June 22 ref Classification Western Old South Arabian languages Old South Arabian extinct, formerly believed to be the linguistic ancestors of modern South Arabian Semitic languages, now classified as Eastern South Semitic Ethiopic languages Ethiopic Ethio Semitic, Ethiopian Semitic Eastern Modern South Arabian languages Modern South Arabian . These languages are spoken mainly by small minority ... Semitic languages Semitic languages Category South Semitic languages Category Semitic languages ar ...Infobox language family name South Semitic region Yemen , Oman , Ethiopia , Eritrea familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic child1 Eastern Modern South Arabian languages Modern South Arabian child2 Western Old South Arabian , Ethiopian Semitic languages Ethiopian South Semitic is a commonly accepted branch of the Semitic languages . Semitic itself is a branch of the larger Afro Asiatic language family found in northern and eastern Africa and southwestern Asia. South Semitic is divided into two uncontroversial branches South Arabian , on the southern coast of the Arabian Peninsula , and Ethiopian Semitic languages Ethiopian Semitic , found across the Red Sea in the Horn of Africa , mainly in modern Ethiopia and Eritrea . The Ethiopian Semitic languages have by far the greatest numbers of modern native speakers. Eritrea s main languages are mainly Tigrinya and Tigre language Tigre which are North Ethiopic languages while Amharic South Ethiopic is the main language spoken in Ethiopia along with Tigrinya in the northern province of Tigray Region Tigray . Southern Arabian languages ... members of the South Arabian branch and 14 members of the Ethiopian branch. The homeland of the South Semitic languages is widely debated, but is no longer believed to have been Northern Ethiopia and Eritrea ... more details
Infobox language family name South Mangyan altname South Mindoro region Mindoro familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Philippine languages Philippine The South Mangyan languages are one of two small clusters of languages spoken by the Mangyan people of Mindoro Island in the Philippines. The languages are Buhid language Buhid , Tawbuid language Tawbuid , and Hanuno o language Hanuno o . These are among the few languages of the Philippines which continue to be written in Ancient Philippine scripts indigenous scripts , though mostly for poetry. Category Philippine languages au lang stub mk ... more details
Infobox language family name South Huon Gulf region Huon Gulf , Morobe Morobe Province , Papua New Guinea familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Western Oceanic languages Western Oceanic fam5 North New Guinea languages North New Guinea ? fam6 Ngero Vitiaz languages Ngero Vitiaz ? fam7 Huon Gulf languages Huon Gulf child1 Hote Buang languages child2 Iwal language The family of South Huon Gulf languages is a subgroup of the Huon Gulf languages of Papua New Guinea . It consists of 13 language s. Components Hote Buang languages Buang languages Hote languages Iwal language Iwal External links http www.ethnologue.org show family.asp?subid 91626 Ethnologue report for South Huon Gulf languages Category Western Oceanic languages Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category Languages of Morobe Province au lang stub PapuaNewGuinea stub ... more details
Infobox language family name South Omotic region Ethiopia familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Omotic languages Omotic child1 Aari language Aari child2 Dime language Dime child3 Hamer Banna language Hamer Banna child4 Karo language Karo The South Omotic or Somotic languages belong to the Afro Asiatic languages Afro Asiatic family and are spoken in Ethiopia . ref Raymond G. Gordon, Jr, ed. 2005. Ethnologue Languages of the World . 15th edition. Dallas Summer Institute of Linguistics. ref Notes Reflist References http www.ethnologue.com show family.asp?subid 91895 Ethnologue entry for South Omotic languages Category South Omotic languages Category Languages of Ethiopia AfroAsiatic lang stub hr Ju noomotski jezici ... more details
Infobox language family name South Bird s Head altname South Doberai region West Irian Jaya familycolor Papuan fam1 Trans New Guinea languages Trans New Guinea child1 South Bird s Head proper child2 Inanwatan languages Inanwatan child3 Konda Yahadian languages Konda Yahadian The South Bird s Head or South Doberai languages are a well established language family family of Papuan languages . They form part of the Trans New Guinea languages in the classification of Malcolm Ross . South Bird s Head South Doberai family South Bird s Head proper Weriagar language Weriagar Kemberano, Barau , Arandai language Arandai dialect cluster Kokoda language Kokoda Tarof, Kasuweri Kais language Kais Kampong Baru , Puragi language Puragi , Kaburi language Kaburi Inanwatan branch Duriankere language Duriankere , Suabo language Suabo Inanwatan Konda Yahadian branch Konda language Papuan Konda , Yahadian language Yahadian References Malcolm Ross Pronouns Category Languages of Papua New Guinea Category South Bird s Head languages pa lang stub PapuaNewGuinea stub hr Ju novogelkopski jezici ... more details
Infobox language family name South Central Cordilleran altname region north Luzon familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Philippine languages Philippine fam4 Northern Luzon languages Northern Luzon child1 Central Cordilleran child2 South Cordilleran child3 Alta The South Central Cordilleran languages alternatively Meso Cordilleran languages are a group of languages spoken by the Igorot and related peoples in the Philippines. Languages The subclassification of the languages is strongly supported confidence 96 100 by a 2008 analysis of the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database ref http language.psy.auckland.ac.nz austronesian research.php Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database ref Alta language Alta Central Cordilleran Isinai language Isinai Kalinga Itneg Itneg languages Itneg a dialect cluster Kalinga languages Kalinga a dialect cluster Nuclear Cordilleran Ifugao language Ifugao Bontok Balangao Balangao Bontok Kankanay Bontoc language Bontok incl. Finallig , Kankanaey language Kankanaey Southern Cordilleran Ilongot language Ilongot Pangasinic Pangasinan language Pangasinan Benguet Ibaloi language Ibaloi , Karao language Karao , Iwaak language Iwaak , Kallahan language Kallahan References Reflist Category Philippine languages au lang stub ... more details
Infobox language family name South Vanuatu region Southern Vanuatu familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Oceanic languages Oceanic fam4 Southern Oceanic languages Southern Oceanic fam5 Vanuatu sil 2993 16 The nine South Vanuatu languages form a branch of the Southern Oceanic languages . Languages Erromanga Sie language Sie , Sorung language Sorung sometimes considered a dialect of Sie, now extinct , Ifo language Ifo Utaha, now extinct , Ura language Vanuatu Ura fewer than ten speakers Anejom Tanna Aneityum language Aneityum Tanna Kwamera language Kwamera South Tanna Tanna proper Lenakel language Lenakel West Tanna , Southwest Tanna language Southwest Tanna , Whitesands language Whitesands Weasisi, East Tanna The position of North Tanna language North Tanna within the Tanna languages is not clear. DEFAULTSORT South Vanuatu Languages Category Languages of Vanuatu es Lenguas del sur de Vanuatu fr Langues du sud du Vanuatu hr Ju novanuatski jezici ... more details
Infobox language family name South Mindanao altname region southern coast of Mindanao familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Philippine languages Philippine The South Mindanao languages are a group of languages spoken by the Bagobo , B laan , T boli , and Tiruray peoples of the southern coast of Mindanao Island in the Philippines. The languages are, Bagobo language Bagobo Giangan Bilic Blaan language Blaan , Tboli language Tboli Tiruray language Tiruray Most classifications exclude South Mindanao from the Mindanao languages Mindanao language family that covers much of the island. However, a 2008 analysis of the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database ref http language.psy.auckland.ac.nz austronesian research.php Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database ref fully supported including South Mindanao within Mindanao, and suggested at a 50 confidence level that it may be closer to the Manobo languages Manobo branch than to the Danao languages Danao branch of the family. References Reflist Category Philippine languages Category Language family articles with only red links au lang stub fr Langues biliennes hr Ju nomindanaoski jezici mk ... more details
File Languages of South America.svg right 250px thumb Main European languages in South America. The language s of South America can be divided into three broad groups the languages of the in most cases, former colonial powers many Indigenous languages of the Americas indigenous languages , some of which enjoy co official status alongside the colonial languages and various pockets of other languages spoken by immigrant populations that have survived assimilation by the majority Languages. Main languages File Map Most Widely Spoken Native Languages in Latin America.png right 250px thumb Main native languages in Latin America The languages imposed by the process of European colonization of the Americas are mainly Indo European languages Indo European . Portuguese language Portuguese and Spanish language Spanish are the most spoken languages in South America with around 192 million speakers each ... by protection to native people. Other languages Other languages found in South America include .... South America topic Languages of DEFAULTSORT Languages Of South America Category Languages of South ... language of Guyana , although there are at least 12 other languages spoken in the country, including Hindi , Arabic language Arabic , and various indigenous languages. English is also spoken in the Falkland ... of French Guiana . Indigenous languages File SouthAmerican families.png right 250px thumb Main language families of South America other than Quechuan, Aimaran and Mapudungun, which expanded after the Spanish Conquest . Indigenous languages of the Americas Indigenous languages of South America include, among several others, Quechua languages in Bolivia , Peru , and Ecuador Guarani language Guaran ..., Guarani shares joint official status with Spanish. In Colombia, the languages of the country s ethnic groups are constitutionally recognized as official languages in their territories more than 60 such aboriginal languages exist today. In Peru, Quechua, Aymara, and other indigenous languages ... more details
Infobox language family name South Halmahera region The Moluccas familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian MP fam3 Nuclear Malayo Polynesian languages Nuclear MP fam4 Central Eastern Malayo Polynesian languages Central Eastern fam5 Halmahera Cenderawasih languages Halmahera Cenderawasih ? fam6 Halmahera Sea languages Halmahera Sea ? child1 East Makian Gane child2 Buli The South Halmahera languages are the branch of Austronesian languages found along the southeast coast of the island of Halmahera in the Indonesia n province of North Maluku . Irarutu is spoken in the east of the Bomberai Peninsula in West Papua province West Papua province. Most of the languages are only known from short word lists, but Buli language Buli is fairly well attested. Classification A 2008 analysis of the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database ref http language.psy.auckland.ac.nz austronesian research.php Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database ref fully supported the unity of South Halmahera, with the exception of the isolate Irarutu language Irarutu , which it placed as an isolate in Central Eastern Malayo Polynesian languages Central Eastern Malayo Polynesian . East Makian Gane Gane language Gane Taba language Taba East Makian Buli languages Buli language Buli Maba language Maba Patani language Patani Sawai language Sawai References Reflist Category Eastern Malayo Polynesian languages Category Languages of Indonesia Category Languages of western New Guinea au lang stub hr Ju nohalmaherski jezici ... more details
Infobox language family name South Ethiopian Semitic region Ethiopia familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 South Semitic languagesSouth Semitic fam4 Western fam5 Ethiopian Semitic languages Ethiopian Semitic child1 Outer child2 Transversal South Ethiopian Semitic is a group of group of Semitic languages of Ethiopia that include Amharic and the Gurage languages . Languages Transversal Amharic Argobba languages Amharic Argobba Amharic language Amharic national language of Ethiopia Argobba language Argobba Harari East Gurage Harari language Harari East Gurage languages East Gurage Selti language Selti Silt e dialects Ulbare language Ulbare , Wolane language Wolane , Inneqor language Inneqor Zway language Zway Zay Outer n group Gafat language Gafat extinct Soddo language Soddo Kistane Goggot language Goggot tt group Mesmes language Mesmes extinct sometimes considered Inor Muher language Muher West Gurage languages West Gurage Masqan language Masqan Mesqan Sebat Bet Sebat Bet Gurage language Sebat Bet Gurage dialects Chaha language Chaha , Ezha language Ezha , Gumer language Gumer , Gura language Gura Inor language Inor dialects Ennemor Inor proper , Endegegn, Gyeto External links Category South Semitic languages Category Languages of Ethiopia AfroAsiatic lang stub Ethiopia stub br Yezho etiopek ar su de S d thiosemitische Sprachen hr Ju noetiopski jezici ... more details
90981 Ethnologue entry for South Arabian languages http llacan.vjf.cnrs.fr fichiers Senelle SAMLanguages.pdf The Modern South Arabian Languages , by M.C.Simeone Senelle Template group list Modern Semitic languages Semitic languages expanded Eastern South DEFAULTSORT Modern South Arabian Languages Category South Arabian languages Category Languages of Oman Category Languages of Yemen ar ...Infobox language family name Modern South Arabian region Yemen , Oman familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Semitic languages Semitic fam3 South Semitic languagesSouth Semitic child1 Bathari language Bathari child2 Harsusi language Harsusi child3 Hoby t language Hoby t child4 Mehri language Mehri child5 Shehri language Shehri child6 Soqotri language Soqotri The Modern South Arabian languages are spoken mainly by minority populations in the Arabian Peninsula in Yemen and Oman , which, together with the Ethiopian Semitic languages , form the South Semitic languages Western South Semitic Western South Semitic branch . Citation needed date August 2010 In his glottochronology based classification, A. Militarev presents the Modern South Arabian languages as a South Semitic branch opposed to a North Semitic branch that includes all the other Semitic languages. ref http www.krugosvet.ru articles 77 1007711 1007711a1.htm ref ref Once more about glottochronology and the comparative method the Omotic Afrasian case Alexander Militarev Moscow, Russian State University for the Humanities. http starling.rinet.ru Texts fleming.pdf ref They are no longer considered to be descendants of the Old South Arabian language, as was once thought. They are known for their apparent archaic Semitic features, especially in their system of phonology for example, they preserve the Fricative consonant Lateral fricatives lateral fricative s of Proto Semitic . Mehri language Mehri is the largest with more than 70,000 speakers in Yemen , more than 50,000 in Oman , and about 15,000 farther afield due to emigration in Kuwait ... more details
For the Trans&ndash New Guinea languages Central and South New Guinea languages Infobox language family name South Central Papuan altname tentative region New Guinea familycolor Papuan family a primary family of Papuan languages child1 Bulaka languages Bulaka River child2 Pahoturi languages Pahoturi child3 Morehead and Upper Maro River languages nowrap Morehead & Upper Maro Rivers The South Central Papuan languages are a hypothetical language family family of Papuan languages proposed in 2005 by Malcolm Ross . It inherits much of the Trans Fly Bulaka River family posited by Stephen Wurm as a branch of his 1975 Trans New Guinea languages Trans New Guinea proposal. Wurm himself concluded that some of the Trans Fly Bulaka River languages were not Trans New Guinea but rather heavily influenced by Trans New Guinea languages. Ross concurred and removed the South Central Papuan and Eastern Trans Fly languages Eastern Trans Fly branches from Wurm s family, leaving only Tirio languages Tirio , Kiwaian languages Kiwaian , and Moraori language Moraori within Trans New Guinea, and the Trans New Guinea identity of Kiwaian suspect. Classification The three South Central Papuan families are only distantly related. Ross 2005 places them only tentatively together. A more conservative approach would postulate three independent stocks. clade label1 nowrap South Central Papuan 1 clade 1 Bulaka River family Yelmek language Yelmek , Maklew language Maklew 2 clade 1 Pahoturi family Ag b language Ag b Dabu , Idi language Idi a dialect chain 2 Waia language Waia label3 nowrap Morehead br Upper Maro 3 clade 1 Kanum language Kanum varieties have difficult intelligibility 2 Yey language Yey 4 clade 1 Nambu Namo language Namo Dorro , Nambo language Nambo Nambu , Neme language ... also language families References Reflist Refbegin Malcolm Ross Pronouns Refend DEFAULTSORT South Central Papuan Languages Category South Central Papuan languages Category Proposed language families ... more details
Infobox language family name South Bougainville altname East Bougainville region Bougainville Island familycolor Papuan family a primary family of Papuan languages child1 Buin child2 Nasioi map Solomons language families.png mapcaption Language families of the Solomon Islands. br font color DC2776 Red font North Bougainville. br font color 3281A6 Blue South Bougainville font . br font color 08EC42 Green font Central Solomons. br font color 808080 Grey font Austronesian. br font color FF7F3E Orange font Yele out of area The South or East Bougainville languages are a small language family spoken on the island of Bougainville Island Bougainville in Papua New Guinea . They were classified as East Papuan languages by Wurm, but this does not now seem tenable, and was abandoned in Ethnologue 2009 . The languages include a closely related group called Nasioi and three more divergent languages tentatively classified together under the name Buin Buin branch Buin language Buin isolate Motuna language Motuna Siwai isolate Uisai language Uisai isolate Nasioi branch Koromira language Koromira , Lantanai language Lantanai , Naasioi language Naasioi , Nagovisi language Nagovisi Sibe , Oune language Oune , Simeku language Simeku Pronouns Ross reconstructed three pronoun paradigms for proto South Bougainville, free forms plus agentive and patientive see morphosyntactic alignment affixes class wikitable I we you s he, they free ni nee DL br ni PL da SG br dee DL br dai PL ba SG br bee DL br bai PL patientive colspan 2 m d b agentive a o i or e u SG singular DL dual PL plural See also Papuan languages North Bougainville languages language families References Structural Phylogenetics and the Reconstruction ... as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages. In Andrew Pawley, Robert Attenborough ... speaking peoples, 15 66. Canberra Pacific Linguistics. Category East Papuan languages Category Language families Category Languages of Papua New Guinea fr Langues bougainville du Sud hr Ju nobugenvilski ... more details
Infobox language family name South Sulawesi altname region Sulawesi familycolor Austronesian fam2 Malayo Polynesian languages Malayo Polynesian fam3 Nuclear Malayo Polynesian languages Nuclear MP child1 Bugis child2 Makassar child3 Lemolang child4 Seko child5 Northern The South Sulawesi languages are a group of languages spoken by the Bugis and related peoples of South Sulawesi province, Indonesia. Languages Bugis Buginese Buginese language Buginese , Campalagian language Campalagian ? Tamanic languages Tamanic Mbalo language Mbalo , Taman language Taman Makassar Bentong language Bentong , Konjo language Sulawesi Konjo , Makassarese language Makassarese , Selayar language Selayar Seko Budong Budong language Budong Budong , Panasuan language Panasuan , Seko language Seko Lemolang language Lemolang Northern Mamuju language Mamuju Andian language Andian , Manjar language Manjar , Mandharsche language Mandharsche Masenrempulu Malimpung language Malimpung , Duri language Duri , Enrekang language Enrekang , Maiwa language Maiwa Pitu Ulunna Salu Aralle Tabulahan language Aralle Tabulahan , Dakka language Dakka , Pannei language Pannei , Bambam language Bambam , Ulumanda language Ulumanda Toraja Sa dan Kalumpang language Kalumpang , Mamasa language Mamasa , Tae language Tae , Toraja Sa dan language Toraja Sa dan , Talondo language Talondo , Toala language Toala A 2008 analysis of the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database fully supported the unity of Bugis, Makassar, and the northern language Tae , and calculated with 80 confidence that Northern and Bugis were closer to each other than either was to Makassar. The position of the Tamanic languages, usually represented by Mbalo Maloh ... Polynesian, linking it at 75 confidence as an independent branch of Nuclear Malayo Polynesian languages ... languages of Asia and Madagascar. Routledge, 2005. http language.psy.auckland.ac.nz austronesian research.php Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database, 2008. Category Sulawesi languages au lang ... more details
Infobox language family name South Plateau altname Jilic Eggonic region Nigeria familycolor Niger Congo fam2 Atlantic Congo fam3 Benue Congo fam4 Plateau languages Plateau child1 Eggonic child2 Jilic The South Plateau languages , also known as Jilic Eggonic , are spoken in central Nigeria. Eggon has 150 000 speakers, and Jili Lijili, Mijili perhaps 100 000. Classification Jilic Koro and Eggonic are clearly valid groups. Their connected was proposed in Blench 2006, 2008 . clade label1 South Plateau 1 clade label1 Eggonic 1 clade 1 Eggon language Eggon 2 Ake language Ake label2 Jilic Koro 2 clade 1 Jili language Jili 2 Jijili language Jijili Tanjijili Two languages or dialects, Koro Zuba and Koro Ija, are said to be nearly intelligible with Jijili, but no data is available. References Blench 2008 http www.rogerblench.info Language 20data Niger Congo Benue Congo Plateau General Prospecting 20proto Plateau 20Unicode.pdf Prospecting proto Plateau . Manuscript. External links http www.rogerblench.info Language 20data Niger Congo Benue Congo Plateau Plateau 20page.htm Plateau materials from Roger Blench Category Plateau languages nc lang stub ... more details
. The terms South Cushitic and Rift are not quite synonymous The Ma a and Dahalo languages are sometimes included in South Cushitic e.g. Ehret 1980 , but are not considered Rift. The Rift languages are named after the Great Rift Valley of Tanzania, where they are found. clade label1 nowrap South Cushitic ... Websites http www.ethnologue.org show family.asp?subid 90112 Ethnologue entry for South Cushitic languages ... 1887 2734 DEFAULTSORT South Cushitic Languages Category South Cushitic languages br Yezho kouchitek ...Infobox language family name South Cushitic altname Rift region Tanzania familycolor Afro Asiatic fam2 Cushitic languages Cushitic fam3 Lowland East Cushitic languages Lowland East Cushitic child1 Rift child2 Dahalo disputed child3 Mbugu disputed The South Cushitic or Rift languages of Tanzania belong to the Afro Asiatic languages Afro Asiatic family. The most numerous is Iraqw language Iraqw , with half a million speakers. Classification Robert Hetzron Hetzron 1980 70ff and Ehret 1995 have suggested that the Rift languagesSouth Cushitic are a part of Lowland East Cushitic Citation needed date November 2008 . Kie ling & Mous 2003 have suggested more specifically that they be linked to a Southern Lowland branch, together with Oromo, Somali, and Yaaku Dullay. It is possible that the great lexical divergence of Rift from East Cushitic is due to Rift being partially relexified through contact with Khoisan languages , as perhaps evidenced by the unusually high frequency of the ejective affricates IPA ts and IPA t , which outnumber pulmonary consonants like IPA p, f, w, , x . Kie ling ... are poorly attested and, like Dahalo, may be the result of language shift from non Cushitic languages. Notes Reflist References BLA EK, V clav. 2005. Current progress in South Cushitic Comparative ... in the West Rift Group of Southern Cushitic. In Cushitic and Omotic Languages, ed. by C. Griefenow ... Common West Rift . Lingua Posnaniensis 42 69 89 Kiessling, Roland. 2001. South Cushitic links to East ... more details
duplication Merge List of languages by number of native speakers in India date September 2009 South Asia is home to several hundred Languages of India languages . Most languages spoken in India belong either to the Indo European languages Indo European Circa ca. 74 , the Dravidian languages Dravidian ca. 24 , the Austroasiatic languages Austroasiatic Munda languages Munda ca. 1.2 , or the Tibeto Burman languages Tibeto Burman ca. 0.6 families, with some languages of the Himalayas still unclassified. The SIL International SIL Ethnologue lists 415 living languages for India. Overview File South asia local lang new.PNG thumb right 500px Map of South Asia in native language s. Hindi Hindi Urdu besides ... of languages by number of native speakers Ordered by number of speakers as first language . South ... India Ethnologue report http www.ciil.org Central Institute of Indian LanguagesLanguages of South ... languages . The native speakers of Hindi so defined accounts for about 40 of Indians. Indian English ... language of the Union besides Hindi. Thirteen languages account for more than 1 of Indian population each, and between themselves for over 95 all of them are Official languages of India The languages of the Eighth Schedule to the Constitution scheduled languages of the constitution except Saraiki language Saraiki which is languages of more than 40 million speakers in india. Scheduled languages spoken ... percentage of native languages is at about 127 . More than one million speakers The 2001 census recorded 29 individual languages as having more than 1 million native speakers 0.1 of total population ... Indian census 1991 census http www.censusindia.gov.in Indian Census http www.ciil.org Main Languages ... worldwide 2007 ref cite web title Languages Spoken by More Than 10 Million People Table MSN Encarta BOT GENERATED TITLE url http encarta.msn.com media 701500404 languages spoken by more than 10 million ... 10 31 deadurl yes ref Speakers Percentage Speakers Percentage Speakers 1 Hindi languages Hindi ref ... more details
South Slavic Eastern Orthodox Church Orthodox churches in the form of various local Church Slavonic language Church Slavonic traditions. Classification The South Slavic languages constitute a dialect ... language family. The South Slavic languages have been considered a Genetic linguistics genetic ..., the classifications are arbitrary to some degree. Dialectal classification South Slavic languages ... group of South Slavic languages Bulgarian dialects Eastern Bulgarian dialects Western Bulgarian ... Main Macedonian language see also Dialects of Macedonian language Transitional South Slavic languages ... transitional between the Central and Eastern groups of South Slavic languages. Torlakian is thought ... by long term contact rather than genetic relation. Western group of South Slavic languages History ... among the languages and dialects of the western group of South Slavic languages table class wikitable ...?subid 373 16 South Slavic languages Slavic languages commons category South Slavic languages DEFAULTSORT South Slavic Languages Category South Slavic languages af Suid Slawiese tale bs Ju noslavenski ...pp semi small yes Infobox language family name South Slavic map Slavic europe.svg mapcaption legend 004040 Countries where a South Slavic language is the national language region Eastern Europe familycolor Indo European fam2 Balto Slavic languages Balto Slavic fam3 Slavic languages Slavic child1 Eastern South Slavic child2 Western South Slavic iso5 zls South Slavic languages sidebar The South Slavic languages comprise one of three branches of the Slavic languages . There are approximately 30 million ... two Slavic branches West Slavic languages West and East Slavic languages East by a belt of German language German , Hungarian language Hungarian and Romanian language Romanian speakers. The first South .... ref cite book author Roland Sussex title The Slavic languages pages 43 44 location Cambridge ... code slv Linguasphere 53 AAA f Please do not remove Serbo Croatian from the subgroup below. These languages ... more details
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