For the XP symbol Chi Rho File Labarum of Constantine the Great.svg thumb Labarum of Constantine I, displaying the Chi Rho symbol above. The labarum lang el was a vexillum military standard that displayed ... of Jesus Christ Christ . The etymology of the word labarum is unclear ref Nevertheless, this is unhelpful see H. Gr goire, L tymologie de Labarum Byzantion 4 1929 477 82 . ref it is perhaps to be derived ... labarum and Chi Rho as synonyms. Ancient sources, however, draw an unambiguous distinction between ... c.337 showing a depiction of his labarum spearing a serpent. On the evening of October .... Eusebius then continues to describe the labarum, the military standard used by Constantine in his .... ref Smith, 104 What little evidence exists suggests that in fact the labarum bearing the chi rho symbol ... and the labarum only later in the conflict with Licinius. The vision has been interpreted in a solar ... to fit with the Christian beliefs of the later Constantine. Eusebius description of the labarum Image Konstantin den stores labarum, Nordisk familjebok.png thumb right Constantine s labarum, with a Chi ... the Romans now call the Labarum. Now it was made in the following manner. A long spear, overlaid with gold ... from the labarum of Constantine in having the Chi Rho depicted on the cloth rather than above it, and in having ... Honorius holding a variant of the labarum the Latin phrase on the cloth means In the name of Christ ... after the battle, the labarum does not appear. A grand opportunity for just the kind of political ... of Constantinople St. Helena , is still in dispute among historians. As for the labarum itself, there is little ... that in fact the labarum bearing the chi rho symbol was not used before 317, when Crispus became ... of Adrianople 324 Battle of Adrianople the guard of the labarum standard were directed to move ... attacking the labarum, or even looking at it directly. ref Odahl, p.180 ref Eusebius stated that in addition to the singular labarum of Constantine, other similar standards labara were issued to the Roman ... more details
Disambig Chi Rho are the first two letters chi ch and rho r in the Greek spelling of the word Christ lang el , and so have come to be used for a number of usages. The two letters can be superimposed to produce the monogram big big , which is one of the earliest Christogram s see Chi Rho monogram . The name Chi Rho is also used to indicate the Labarum , a military banner of Roman Emperors Roman emperor s, which exhibited the monogram big big since Constantine I emperor Constantine I s time. The letters are used by Chi Rho, a Christian Co Ed Service Fraternity, started at Texas Tech University . Chi Rho is the name of the men s acapella group at Wake Forest University . ... more details
Letter NumberCombination XQ XS WR YR XR or Xr may refer to Cairo graphics , the original name for a graphics library software XR may be mistakenly used for the labarum Chi Rho monogram of Christ Cross reference Exchange rate Extended release in certain medications, for example Adderall XR IOS XR , the software for Cisco Systems high end carrier grade routers Index register of a CPU is sometime labelled XR The Honda XR series , a line of off road and dual sport motorcycles manufactured by Honda Extrapolated Runs , a baseball statistic Skywest Airlines , IATA airline code XR Ford Australia , a designation given to some high performance vehicles sold by Ford Australia Other XR s were produced by Ford Europe and Ford Sierra South Africa Ford South Africa XL and XR XR is one of the main characters on Buzz Lightyear of Star Command disambig de XR fr XR sw XR ja XR ... more details
. One of the oldest Christograms is the Chi Rho or Labarum . It consists of the superimposed Greek ... of Christ in Greek. Technically, the word labarum is Latin for a type of vexillum , a military standard ... Constantine I in the late Roman period. Therefore Christogram and labarum were not originally ... Labarum Names and titles of Jesus Abbreviations Names and titles of Jesus Feast of the Holy Name ... more details
Image DonariumBiertan.JPG thumb Biertan Donarium The Biertan Donarium is a fourth century Christian Votive deposit votive object found near the town of Biertan , in Transylvania , Romania . Made out of bronze in the shape of a Labarum , it has the Latin text small EGO ZENOVIUS VOTUM POSVI small , which can be approximatively translated as I, Zenovius, offered this gift . It was found in 1775 in the Chimdru forest, about 5 km south of Biertan and it was part of the collections of Baron Samuel von Brukenthal , nowadays being part of the exhibits of the Brukenthal National Museum . This donarium was used as an argument for the existence of a Latin speaking Christian population in Dacia ref Constantin C. Giurescu, Dinu C. Giurescu, Istoria rom nilor din cele mai vechi timpuri i p n azi , Editura Albatros, Bucure ti, 1971, p. 155. ref possibly the ancestors of Romanians following the Aurelian Retreat . Notes and references references Category 4th century artefacts Category Romania in the Early Middle Ages Category Christian art Category Bronzeware Category Votive offering fr Ex voto de Biertan ro Donariul de la Biertan ru ... more details
argue this might be a folk etymology applied to the Latin labarum . Who March 2010 date April 2010 However, Father Fidel Fita thought the relation reversed, labarum being adapted from Basque in Octavian ... lauburu&pos 29&epi 64714 mrc1 Au amendi Entziklopedia ref See also L baro Labarum Fan mechanical ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2007 Infobox Fraternity letters X name Alpha Chi Rho colors garnet and white flower symbol The Labarum motto Be Men crest Image Alpha Chi Rho Crest jpg.jpg founded start date and years ago 1895 6 4 birthplace Trinity College Connecticut Trinity College type Social fraternity scope address R.B. Stewart National Headquarters 109 Oxford Way city Neptune state New Jersey 07753 country USA chapters 41 active, 5 colonies NOTE Website WILL infect you with a virus homepage http www.alphachirho.org free label Nickname free Crows Alpha Chi Rho is a men s collegiate Fraternities and sororities fraternity founded on June 4, 1895 at Trinity College Connecticut Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut by the Reverend Paul Ziegler, his son Carl Ziegler, and Carl s friends William Rouse, Herbert T. Sherriff and William A.D. Eardeley. It is a charter member of the North American Interfraternity Conference , and its national headquarters is R.B. Stewart National Headquarters, located in Neptune, New Jersey . The symbol of the fraternity is the labarum and men of Alpha Chi Rho are commonly called Crows. The Mission Statement of Alpha Chi Rho Alpha Chi Rho is a National, men s collegiate fraternity whose purpose is to enhance the lifelong intellectual, moral, and social development of our members through the guidance of our Landmarks. The Landmarks of Alpha Chi Rho 1. Membership from among those who are prepared to realize in word and deed, the Brotherhood of all men. 2. The insistence on a high and clean moral standard. 3. The paramount duty of Brotherly love among members. 4. Judgment not by externals, but by intrinsic worth no one is denied membership in Alpha Chi Rho because of race, creed, or nationality. The Revered Fathers of Alpha Chi Rho Paul Ziegler 1847 1921 Trinity 72 Phi Beta Kappa and valedictorian of his class, member of the Beta Beta society as a student, devoted his life to the ministry, composed the Landmarks and Ritual, and de ... more details
Letter NumberCombination XO XQ WP YP wiktionary XP may refer to Windows XP , an operating system by Microsoft Microsoft Office XP Office XP , a Microsoft Office version Chi Rho Chi Rho are the Greek letters that form the Labarum, or the first two letters of Christ in Greek Athlon Athlon XP MP Athlon XP , a line of central processing units by AMD Cross platform X looks like a saltire cross and is often used to replace this word or its synonyms in abbreviations An emoticon expressing disgust, general discontentedness, sticking one s tongue out a more forceful version of P , or being dead . The X represents wincing or crossed out eyes, while the P represents a mouth with a tongue sticking out. Experience point s, in a role playing game, representation of a character s advancement and improvement in skills Extreme Programming , a software engineering methodology Xeroderma pigmentosum , a rare genetic disorder Xtra Airways IATA code In theoretical linguistics , any kind of a phrase, such as a noun phrase NP , an adjectival phrase AP , a prepositional phrase PP etc. disambig zh min nan XP bg XP cs XP da XP de XP es XP fa XP fr XP ko XP it XP he XP sw XP nl XP ja XP pl XP pt XP ru XP fi XP sv XP uk XP zh XP ... more details
Infobox UK place official name Water Newton country England region East of England os grid reference TL108972 latitude 52.56 longitude 0.37 post town postcode area postcode district dial code shire county Cambridgeshire population hide services Yes static image File Water Newton Lock geograph.org.uk 342893.jpg 250px static image caption Water Newton Lock and church Water Newton is a village on the northern border of the England English county of Cambridgeshire . It is in the district and former county of Huntingdonshire between the River Nene and the A1 road Great Britain A1 trunk road . The opposite bank of the river is administered as part of the City of Peterborough which is some five miles to the east. Roman archaeology Main articles Durobrivae Water Newton Durobrivae and Water Newton Treasure During ploughing in February 1975, a hoard of 4th century Roman silver was discovered, which is known as the Water Newton Treasure . They were probably buried by an inhabitant of the nearby Roman Britain Roman fortified garrison town of Durobrivae Water Newton Durobrivae . The silver plates and bowls, votive tokens engraved and embossed with the labarum the chi rho cross , and an unengraved standing two handled cup of the form cantharus later used as Chalice cup chalice s comprise the earliest group of Christian liturgical silver yet found in the Roman Empire. Due to the importance of this find, it is now in the British Museum , with replicas at Peterborough Museum. External links Commons cat http www.huntsdc.gov.uk Community and People Neighbourhood village Towns and Villages Water Newton.htm Official description http www.roman britain.org places durobrivae catuvellorum.htm Roman Britain Durobrivae Catvvelorvm http www.britishmuseum.org explore highlights highlight objects pe prb c water newton treasure cup.aspx British Museum the Water Newton Treasure http www.britannia.com tours bmrbgal waternewton.html The Water Newton Treasure http www.genuki.org.uk big eng HUN WaterN ... more details
Protestant missions to China Harlan Page Beach 1854 &ndash March 4, 1933 was an United States American missionary , brother of David Nelson Beach . He was born at South Orange, New Jersey South Orange , New Jersey N. J. , and graduated at Phillips Academy , Andover, Massachusetts in 1874, Yale University Yale in 1878, and at the Andover Theological Seminary 1883 . He was missionary to China from 1883 to 1890 and at the head of the School for Christian Workers in Springfield, Massachusetts Springfield , Massachusetts Mass. from 1892 to 1895, when he became educational secretary of the Student Volunteer Movement for Foreign Missions. He became professor of the theory and practice of missions at Yale University in 1906. His works include The Cross in the Land of the Trident 1895 Knights of the Labarum 1896 Dawn on the Hills of Tang Dynasty T ang 1900 Geography and Atlas of Protestantism Protestant Missions 1801 03 India and Christian Opportunity 1904 Harlan Beach became an emeritus professor at Yale in 1921. He died in Florida in 1933. External links http hdl.handle.net 10079 fa divinity.060 Yale University Library, Guide to the Beach Family Papers, includes chronology NIE Persondata NAME Beach, Harlan Page ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION Missionary in China DATE OF BIRTH 1854 PLACE OF BIRTH South Orange, New Jersey South Orange , New Jersey N. J. DATE OF DEATH March 4, 1933 PLACE OF DEATH Florida , United States U.S. DEFAULTSORT Beach, Harlan Page Category American religious writers Category Yale University faculty Category Yale University alumni Category People from Essex County, New Jersey Category American Christian missionaries Category Christian missionaries in China Category 1854 births Category 1933 deaths Christianity bio stub US reli bio stub zh ... more details
about the saint of this name Bretannio the Scottish painter Jack Vettriano Infobox Roman emperor name Vetranio title Roman Emperor Emperor of the Roman Empire image File Maiorina Vetranio siscia RIC 281.jpg 300px caption On the reverse of this coin struck under Vetranio, the emperor is holding two labarum labara , the ensigns introduced by Constantine I . reign 1 March 25 December 350 br together with Constantius II predecessor successor spouse 1 spouse 2 issue dynasty father mother date of birth place of birth Moesia in modern Serbia date of death c. 356 place of death place of burial Vetranio d. c. 360 , born in the province of Moesia in a part of the region located in modern Serbia , is sometimes but apparently incorrectly referred to as Vetriano . He was an experienced soldier and officer when he was asked by Constantina , the sister of Roman Emperor Constantius II , to proclaim himself Caesar title Tetrarchy Caesar March 1, 350 . Her brother Constans had been killed by Magnentius earlier that year and she probably thought Vetranio could protect her family and herself against the usurper. Vetranio accepted and coins were minted in his name, showing the title of Augustus title Augustus full emperor , rather than Caesar. Constantius first seemed to accept the new Emperor and sent him money to raise an army, as well as his regalia. Constantius, who was on a campaign against the Persian Empire Persians when Magnentius came to power, returned to the west and met with Vetranio. Vetranio subsequently abdicated on December 25, 350. He was allowed to live the remainder of his years as a private citizen on a state pension. See Philostorgius 3.22 for his rise to power. External links Commons Vetranio http www.roman emperors.org vetran.htm Aut M. DiMaio Jr. , Vetranio 350 A.D. , in DIR 1996 . http www.wildwinds.com coins ric vetranio i.html Vetranio coinage s start s reg s bef before Constans s ttl title List of Roman Emperors Roman Emperor years 350 alongside Constantius I ... more details
File Serbian Cross1.svg right thumb 150px Serbian tetragrammatic cross The Serbian Cross lang sr C K Srpski Krst is a national symbol of Serbia and traces its roots to the Byzantine Empire . It is composed of a Cross and four letter C shapes on each of its corners. History File Flag of PalaeologusEmperor.svg thumb right 120px Flag of the Byzantine Empire Origins The motif of a cross between four objects is derived from Constantine I Constantine s labarum and has figured on Byzantine coins, since the 6th c. Later, the 4 symbols of the cross have been interpreted as flints or firestones, but also as the initials letters of the imperial motto of the Palaiologos Palaiologos dynasty King of Kings, Ruling Over Kings Greek , Basileus Basile n, Basileu n Basileuont n . ref http www.heraldica.org topics national byzantin.htm Byzantine heraldry ref Early uses File Coa Serbia Country History Fojnica Armorial 14th century .svg thumb right 100px Coat of arms of Serbia, 1340 In the Fojnica Armorial , dated by the author to 1340 Alexander Soloviev historian Alexander Soloviev dates it to 1675 1688 , the coat of arms of Serbia Svrbiae has the a white cross over a red background, with four Fire striker firesteels . The Coat of Arms of the Mrnjavcevic noble house also has the same design, with inverted colours and the Serbian eagle in the center. In the Ohmu evi Armorial the designs are preserved 1584 1594 . The cross has been used continuely by History of Serbia Serbian states and the Serbian Orthodox Church since the Middle Ages after Stefan Uro IV Du an of Serbia Du an the Mighty was crowned Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks 16 April 1345 . Today it is the national, religious and ethnic symbol of Serbs and Serbia . Modern The modern interpretation is that the four symbols around the cross are Cyrillic letters Es Cyrillic , an acronym of a slogan Only Unity Saves the Serbs lang sr Samo Sloga Srbina Spasav ... more details
Unreferenced stub date December 2009 Image Diadobombero parana.jpg thumb 190px center Standard bearer of Firefighters Corps of Paran State Brazil . A standard bearer is a person soldier or civilian who bears an emblem called an ensign or standard, i.e. either a type of flag or an inflexible but mobile image, which is used and often honour ed as a formal, visual symbol of a Sovereign state state , prince , military unit , etc. This can either be an occasional duty, often seen as an honour especially on parade , or a permanent charge also on the battle field the second type has even lead in certain cases to this task being reflected in official rank titles such as Ensign rank Ensign and Cornet military rank Cornet . Many terms exist, often specifying the type of standard borne in various cases named in parentheses after the bearer . In antiquity Pre hellenistic pharaonic nome emblems many also the name of such province Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine Aetos Aquilifer Aquila Roman Aquila Bandifer Bandum Discens aquilifer or um, signiferorum trainee Draconarius Draco, dragon one of them could be selected Optio Draconarius ... Bearcus Draconarius ... Imiginifer Imago ?5 original images Aper boar, Equus horse, Minotaur us , ?Tabula ansata winged boar, Taurus bull ... Ornithoboros Semaforus Semaphoros Semion? Signifer Signum one of them could be selected as Signifer princeps Tablifer guards cavalry ?Tabula ansata winged boar Vexillifer Vexillum Cfr. also Adiutor signorum Aedes Antesignanus Aquilae natalis Deposita ad signa Labarum Postsignanus Vexillatio Olympic File Team USA at 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony 2.jpg thumb 300px Team USA marches in the parade of athletes around BC Place stadium during the Opening Ceremony of the XXI Olympic Winter Games , Feb. 12, 2010, in Vancouver . The athlete standard bearer is Mark Grimmette see also 2008 Summer Olympics national flag bearers see also 2010 Winter Olympics national flag bearers Flagbearer at the Olympic games ope ... more details
for the gastropod of Costellariidae family Vexillum gastropod File PraetorianVexillifer 1.jpg thumb left upright A modern re enactor holding a vexillum with a scorpion, the sign of the Praetorian Guard Praetorians which was used to honor the Emperor Tiberius for building the Praetorian Camp in Rome. Tiberius Astrological sign was scorpio . br Photo Associazione Culturale Cisalpina Cohors III Praetoria RomanMilitary The vexillum IPA en v k s l m plural vexilla was a flag like object used in the Classical antiquity Classical Era of the Roman Empire . The word is itself a diminutive for the Latin word, velum, sail, which confirms the historical evidence from coins and sculpture that vexilla were literally little sails i.e. flag like standards. In the vexillum the cloth was draped from a horizontal crossbar suspended from the staff this is unlike most modern flags in which the hoist of the cloth is attached directly to the vertical staff. The bearer of a vexillum was known as a vexillarius or vexillifer . Just as in the case of the regimental colors or flag of Western regiments, the vexillum was a treasured symbol of the military unit that it represented and it was closely defended in combat . ref http flagspot.net flags xf etym.html vex Vexillum . Flagspot.net , retrieved March 18, 2011 ref Nearly all of the present day regions of Italy preserve the use of vexilla. Many Christian processional banners are in the vexillum form usually these banners are termed labarum labara after the standard adopted by the first Christian Roman emperor Constantine I Constantine I . The term Vexillum is also used by the Legion of Mary as the term for its standard. A small version is used on the alter and a full size Vexillum leads processions. See also Portal Military of ancient Rome Aquila Inquisitor vexillum , a sea snail species Vexilla Regis , early Christian hymn whose first line uses this word Vexilloid the concept in general as used in other empires Vexillology , or the ... more details
For the spider genus in the family Amaurobiidae , see Draconarius genus . Commented out because image was deleted Image Draconarius.jpg 300px right deletable image caption 1 Friday, 14 December 2007 RomanMilitary The draconarius was a type of signiferi who bore a cavalry standard known as a Draco military standard draco in the Roman army . Name Strictly speaking, the word draconarius denotes the bearer of the military standard on which a dragon was represented. sfn Smith Cheetham 1875 p 579 The term passed into Christian usage, and was applied to the bearer of the labarum in battle, and also to cross bearers in church processions. sfn Tyrwhitt 2005 p 197 Dragon ensign From the conquered Dacians , the Roman Empire Romans in Trajan s time borrowed the Dacian Draco dragon ensign which became the standard of the cohort as the eagle was that of the legion. sfn Yust 1953 p 570 Probably Dacian in origin, the draco was later generally introduced in the fourth century as a Roman standard. sfn Den Boeft Den Hengst 1987 p 97 It consisted of a bronze dragon head with a fabric body similar in shape to a tail behind it. Wind flowed through the gaping mouth and billowed out the cloth tail much like a modern windsock . It is thought that some form of whistle was mounted in the dragon s neck to make a terrifying noise when galloping. Notes reflist 3 References div class references small cite book ref harv last1 Den Boeft first1 J. last2 Den Hengst first2 D. title Philological and historical commentary on Ammianus Marcellinus XX Volume 4 edited by H. C. Teitler year 1987 publisher John Benjamins Pub Co isbn 978 9069800127 language English cite book ref harv last1 Smith first1 Sir William last2 Cheetham first2 Samuel title Dictionary of Christian antiquities year 1875 publisher Little, Brown and Company cite book ref harv last Tyrwhitt first Richard title The Art Teaching of the Primitive Church with an Index of Subjects, Historical and Emblematic year 2005 publisher Kessinger Publish ... more details
Infobox flag Name Cantabria Article Image Flag of Cantabria.svg Use 110000 Symbol File IFIS Normal.svg Proportion 2 3 Adoption December 22, 1984 Design Two horizontal bands of same width, white on top, red on the bottom Type The colors of the official flag of Cantabria Spain , which is the symbol of the autonomous community region , are stablished in the very text of the Autonomy Statute of Cantabria Autonomy Statute . Only the characteristics of the Coat of arms of Cantabria coat of arms that was to feature in the regional flag were left to specify, which was carried out by a Law of the Regional Assembly, approved on December 22 of 1984. From that moment on, the flag of Cantabria is made up of two horizontal stripes of equal width, white on the top and red on the bottom, and the regional coat of arms in its center. The flag design is heir to the ship registration flag of the maritime province of Santander , assigned by Royal Order of July 30, 1845. Nowadays, some social and political groups claim the official use of the Cantabrian L baro instead of the present flag. Some townships, as is the case of Comillas , have already accepted the proposition of the Conceju Nacionalegu C ntabru Nationalist Cantabrian Council of using said flag and placing it on the balcony of the Town Hall during the celebration of local and regional festivities ref name Conceju cite news url http www.conceju.org prensa 060822.htm publisher conceju.org title Recognition of the L baro as flag date August 22, 2006 ref . File Labaro cantabro.svg 150px right thumb Cantabri L baro . The etymological meaning that which speaks makes reference to its utility as a standard used to send orders or signals to troops during battle. Notes reflist References http parlamento cantabria.es institucional comunidad simbolos.htm Symbols of Cantabria Spanish See also The L baro , o Cantabrian Labarum . Spanish Flags Category Flags of Spain Cantabria Category Cantabrian symbols Flag ast Bandera de Cantabria de Flagg ... more details
XR RIC vII 019.jpg thumb left 250px A coin of Constantine c.337 showing a depiction of his Labarum ... displayed, whilst Constantine s army fought under his talismanic Christian standard, the labarum . Licinius had developed a superstitious dread of the labarum and forbade his troops from attacking ... more details
ref Battle Image Konstantin den stores labarum, Nordisk familjebok.png thumb left Constantine s labarum ... overtly Christian standard, the labarum , to move it to any part of the field where his troops ... more details
protection. Image Konstantin den stores labarum, Nordisk familjebok.png thumb right Constantine s labarum , a standard incorporating the wreathed Chi Rho, from an antique silver medal. In a memoir ... not have been easy to accept it. Eusebius also left a description of the labarum , the military ... token of victory in the form of the labarum Citation needed date January 2010 . The Swedish ... Chi Rho disambiguation Christogram Chrismon Labarum Ichthys Christian symbolism Category Christian ... more details
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