chembox verifiedrevid 409747725 Name Imidazole ImageFile Imidazole chemical structure.png ImageSize 345px ImageName Chemical structure of imidazole IUPACName Imidazole OtherNames 1,3 diazole br 1,3 diazacyclopenta ... RPhrases R20 R22 R34 R41 SPhrases S26 S36 S37 S39 S45 RSPhrases Imidazole is an organic compound with the formula ... as an alkaloid . Imidazole refers to the parent compound, whereas imidazoles are a class ... biological building blocks, such as histidine , and the related hormone histamine . Imidazole can serve as a base chemistry base and as a weak acid . Many drugs contain an imidazole ring, such as antifungal ... Chemistry. Vol. 5, p.469 498, 1984 . ref ref Grimmett, M. Ross. Imidazole and Benzimidazole Synthesis ... Imidazole was first synthesized by Heinrich Debus in 1858, but various imidazole derivatives had ... in ammonia to form imidazole. ref cite journal title Ueber die Einwirkung des Ammoniaks auf Glyoxal .... Barker, Kathryn H. J. Chem. Educ. 2006 83 1658 ref Structure and properties Imidazole is a 5 membered ... atoms. Imidazole is a highly polar compound, as evidenced by a calculated dipole of 3.61 debye D ... atom and one from each of the remaining four atoms of the ring. Some resonance structures of imidazole are shown below center Image Resonance imidazole.png 550px center Amphotericity Imidazole ... of imidazole is 14.5, making it less acidic than carboxylic acids, phenols, and imides, but slightly ... 7, making imidazole approximately sixty times more basic than pyridine . The basic site is N 3. Preparation Image Imidazole ball and stick.png right thumb 150px A ball and stick model of imidazole, showing carbon carbon and a carbon nitrogen double bonds Imidazole can be synthesized by numerous ... imidazoles and imidazole derivatives simply by varying the functional groups on the reactants. In literature, these methods are commonly categorized by which and how many bonds form to make the imidazole rings. For example, the Debus method forms the 1,2 , 3,4 , and 1,5 bonds in imidazole, using ... more details
enzyme Name imidazole N acetyltransferase EC number 2.3.1.2 CAS number 9029 89 4 IUBMB EC number 2 3 1 2 GO code 0047716 image width caption In enzymology , an imidazole N acetyltransferase EC number 2.3.1.2 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction acetyl CoA imidazole math rightleftharpoons math CoA N acetylimidazole Thus, the two substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are acetyl CoA and imidazole , whereas its two product chemistry products are coenzyme A CoA and N acetylimidazole . This enzyme belongs to the family of transferase s, specifically those acyltransferase s transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl CoA imidazole N acetyltransferase . Other names in common use include imidazole acetylase , and imidazole acetyltransferase . References reflist 1 cite journal author Kinsky SC date 1960 title Assay, purification, and properties of imidazole acetylase journal J. Biol. Chem. volume 235 pages 94&ndash 98 transferase stub Category EC 2.3.1 Category Enzymes of unknown structure it Imidazolo N acetiltransferasi ... more details
Orphan date January 2011 The Debus Radziszewski imidazole synthesis is an organic reaction describing the synthesis of an imidazole from a diketone , an aldehyde and ammonia . It is an example of a multicomponent reaction . In step one the diketone and ammonia form an imine diimine Image Radziszewski Synthese 2.svg 400px Debus Radziszewski imidazole synthesis part I In the second step the diimine condensation reaction condenses with the aldehyde Image Radziszewski Synthese 1.svg 400px Debus Radziszewski imidazole synthesis part I This reaction is named after Heinrich Debus Chemist Heinrich Debus ref Ueber die Einwirkung des Ammoniaks auf Glyoxal p 199 208 Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie Volume 107 Issue 2 Heinrich Debus DOI 10.1002 jlac.18581070209 1858 ref and Bronis aw Leonard Radziszewski ref Ueber Glyoxalin und seine Homologe Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft Volume 15 Issue 2, 1882 Pages 2706 2708Br. Radzisewski DOI 10.1002 cber.188201502245 ref ref On the development of organic chemistry in Ukraine Dmytro O. Tymoshenko ARKIVOC 2005 viii 1 3 http www.arkat usa.org get file 20567 Link ref References Reflist Category Name reactions de Radziszewski Synthese zh Debus Radziszewski ... more details
enzyme Name purine imidazole ring cyclase EC number 4.3.2.4 CAS number 95990 28 6 IUBMB EC number 4 3 2 4 GO code 0050230 image width caption In enzymology , a purine imidazole ring cyclase EC number 4.3.2.4 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction DNA 4,6 diamino 5 formamidopyrimidine math rightleftharpoons math DNA adenine H sub 2 sub O Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , DNA 4,6 diamino 5 formamidopyrimidine , and two product chemistry products , DNA adenine and water H sub 2 sub O . This enzyme belongs to the family of lyase s, specifically amidine lyases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is DNA 4,6 diamino 5 formamidopyrimidine C8 N9 lyase cyclizing DNA adenine forming . Other names in common use include DNA 4,6 diamino 5 formamidopyrimidine 8 C,9 N lyase cyclizing , DNA 4,6 diamino 5 formamidopyrimidine 8 C,9 N lyase cyclizing , and DNA adenine forming . References reflist 1 cite journal author Chetsanga CJ, Grigorian C date 1985 title In situ enzymatic reclosure of opened imidazole rings of purines in DNA damaged by gamma irradiation journal Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. volume 82 pages 633&ndash 7 pmid 3856219 doi 10.1073 pnas.82.3.633 issue 3 pmc 397099 enzyme stub Category EC 4.3.2 Category Enzymes of unknown structure ... more details
enzyme Name 5 carboxyamino imidazole ribonucleotide synthase EC number 6.3.4.18 CAS number IUBMB EC number 6 3 4 18 GO code image width caption orphan date December 2008 In enzymology , a 5 carboxyamino imidazole ribonucleotide synthase EC number 6.3.4.18 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP 5 amino 1 5 phospho D ribosyl imidazole HCO sub 3 sub math rightleftharpoons math ADP phosphate 5 carboxyamino 1 5 phospho D ribosyl imidazole The 3 substrate biochemistry substrates of this enzyme are adenosine triphosphate ATP , 5 amino 1 5 phospho D ribosyl imidazole , and HCO3 , whereas its 3 product chemistry products are adenosine diphosphate ADP , phosphate , and 5 carboxyamino 1 5 phospho D ribosyl imidazole . This enzyme belongs to the family of ligase s, specifically those forming generic carbon nitrogen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5 amino 1 5 phospho D ribosyl imidazole carbon dioxide ligase ADP forming . Other names in common use include N5 CAIR synthetase , N5 carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase , and PurK . References reflist 1 cite journal author Meyer E, Leonard NJ, Bhat B, Stubbe J, Smith JM date 1992 title Purification and characterization of the purE, purK, and purC gene products identification of a previously unrecognized energy requirement in the purine biosynthetic pathway journal Biochemistry. volume 31 pages 5022&ndash 32 pmid 1534690 doi 10.1021 bi00136a016 issue 21 cite journal author Mueller EJ, Meyer E, Rudolph J, Davisson VJ, Stubbe J date 1994 title N5 carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide evidence for a new intermediate and two new enzymatic activities in the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway of Escherichia coli journal Biochemistry. volume 33 pages 2269&ndash 78 pmid 8117684 doi 10.1021 bi00174a038 issue 8 cite journal author Thoden JB, Kappock TJ, Stubbe J, Holden HM date 1999 title Three dimensional structure of N5 carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide synthetase a member of the ATP grasp ... more details
enzyme Name 5 carboxyamino imidazole ribonucleotide mutase EC number 5.4.99.18 CAS number IUBMB EC number 5 4 99 18 GO code image width caption orphan date December 2008 In enzymology , a 5 carboxyamino imidazole ribonucleotide mutase EC number 5.4.99.18 is an enzyme that catalysis catalyzes the chemical reaction 5 carboxyamino 1 5 phospho D ribosyl imidazole math rightleftharpoons math 5 amino 1 5 phospho D ribosyl imidazole 4 carboxylate Hence, this enzyme has one substrate biochemistry substrate , 5 carboxyamino 1 5 phospho D ribosyl imidazole , and one product chemistry product , 5 amino 1 5 phospho D ribosyl imidazole 4 carboxylate . This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerase s, specifically those intramolecular transferases transferring other groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5 carboxyamino 1 5 phospho D ribosyl imidazole carboxymutase . Other names in common use include N5 CAIR mutase , PurE , N5 carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide mutase , and class I PurE . References reflist 1 cite journal author Meyer E, Leonard NJ, Bhat B, Stubbe J, Smith JM date 1992 title Purification and characterization of the purE, purK, and purC gene products identification of a previously unrecognized energy requirement in the purine biosynthetic pathway journal Biochemistry. volume 31 pages 5022&ndash 32 pmid 1534690 doi 10.1021 bi00136a016 issue 21 cite journal author Mueller EJ, Meyer E, Rudolph J, Davisson VJ, Stubbe J date 1994 title N5 carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide evidence for a new intermediate and two new enzymatic activities in the de novo purine biosynthetic pathway of Escherichia coli journal Biochemistry. volume 33 pages 2269&ndash 78 pmid 8117684 doi 10.1021 bi00174a038 issue 8 cite journal author Meyer E, Kappock TJ, Osuji C, Stubbe J date 1999 title Evidence for the direct transfer of the carboxylate of N5 carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide N5 CAIR to generate 4 carboxy 5 aminoimidazole ribonucleotide catalyzed by Escherichia coli PurE ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Diazole refers to either one of a pair of isomer ic chemical compound s with molecular formula C sub 3 sub H sub 4 sub N sub 2 sub , having a five membered ring consisting of three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms. The two isomers are Imidazole 1,3 diazole image Imidazole chemical structure.png Pyrazole 1,2 diazole image Pyrazole numbering.png 80px Category Diazoles ja zh ... more details
DISPLAYTITLE C sub 3 sub H sub 4 sub N sub 2 sub The molecular formula C sub 3 sub H sub 4 sub N sub 2 sub may refer to Imidazole Pyrazole MolFormDisambig ar C3H4N2 fr C3H4N2 lv C3H4N2 ... more details
In chemistry , residue refers to the material remaining after a distillation or an evaporation, or to a portion of a larger molecule, such as a methyl group . It may also refer to the undesired byproducts of a reaction. In biochemistry and molecular biology , a residue refers to a specific monomer within the polymer polymeric chain of a polysaccharide , protein or nucleic acid . For example, one might say, This protein consists of 118 amino acid residues or The histidine residue is considered to be basic due to its imidazole ring. Note that a residue is different from a Functional group moiety , which, in the above example would be constituted by the imidazole ring or the imidazole moiety . Note the origin of this usage during the process by which monomer ic building blocks e.g. amino acid s are strung together into a polymeric chain e.g. a protein , some material typically adding up to one molecule of water is discarded from each building block, and only a residue of the building block ends up in the finished product. For example, a residue is an individual amino acid in a peptide chain. Interlang Category Distillation Chemistry stub de R ckstand Chemie nl Residu chemie ja zh ... more details
ATC codes lead G 51 Antiinfectives and antiseptics for intrauterine use vet only anchor QG51A QG51A Antiinfectives and antiseptics for intrauterine use anchor QG51AA QG51AA Antibiotics QG51AA01 Oxytetracycline QG51AA02 Tetracycline QG51AA04 Gentamicin QG51AA06 Rifaximin QG51AA30 Combinations of antibiotics anchor QG51AC QG51AC Quinolone derivatives QG51AC30 Combinations of quinolone derivatives anchor QG51AD QG51AD Antiseptics QG51AD01 Povidone iodine QG51AD02 Policresulen QG51AD30 Combinations of antiseptics anchor QG51AE QG51AE Sulfonamides QG51AE10 Combinations of sulfonamides anchor QG51AF QG51AF Imidazole derivatives QG51AF30 Combinations of imidazole derivatives anchor QG51AX QG51AX Other antiinfectives and antiseptics for intrauterine use QG51AX01 Amoxicillin QG51AX02 Cefapirin QG51AX30 Combinations of other antiinfectives and antiseptics for intrauterine use anchor QG51B QG51B Antiinfectives antiseptics for intrauterine use, combinations anchor QG51BA QG51BA Antibiotics, combinations with other substances Empty group anchor QG51BC QG51BC Quinolone derivatives, combinations with other substances Empty group anchor QG51BD QG51BD Antiseptics, combinations with other substances Empty group anchor QG51BE QG51BE Sulfonamides, combinations with other substances Empty group anchor QG51BF QG51BF Imidazole derivatives, combinations with other substances Empty group References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Atcvet Code Qg51 Category ATC codes G51 ... more details
occurs in imidazole and many imidazole derivatives. 1 Methylimidazole maintains the pyridine like nitrogen of imidazole, only with a slightly higher pKa. ref Albert, A., Heterocyclic Chemistry, 2nd ... scale by the Debus Radziszewski imidazole synthesis Radziszewski reaction from glyoxal , formaldehyde ...., & J ckh, R. Imidazole and Derivatives. In Ullmann s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002 ... of imidazole at the pyridine like nitrogen and subsequent deprotonation. ref Gilchrist, T. L ..., 1 methylimidazole may be synthesized by first deprotonating imidazole to form a sodium salt followed by methylation. ref Grimmett, M. R., Imidazole and Benzimidazole Synthesis 1997 Academic Press ... The imidazole backbone is an essential functional unit in biology. The amino acid histidine, the signaling molecule histamine, and the purine nucleobases all contain an imidazole ring. ref name Ebel ... of the methylimidazole monomer of pyrrole imidazole polyamides. These polymers can selectively bind ... more details
HIS can refer to Hangzhou International School HIS Hightech Information System Limited Hospital Infection Society Hospital information system Hotel information system Hybrid intelligent system Japanese people Japanese travel agent H.I.S. Harare International School , an international school in Harare , Zimbabwe Hollands Inlands School , an international school in Indonesia Histidine , an amino acid with an imidazole side chain Host Integration Server , a software product from Microsoft disambig de HIS it HIS ja HIS sk HIS ... more details
Orphan date October 2008 C4mim is a shorthand for 1 n butyl 3 methylimidazolium salts. These are ionic liquids based on imidazole chemistry. A common example of such is C4mim Cl , or 1 n butyl 3 methylimidazolium chloride. These salts are currently of interest in industry due their ability to be infinitely recycled and their amenability to solvation at room temperature, making them excellent green solvents. References http www.epa.gov greenchemistry pubs pgcc winners aa05.html Press release from the EPA describing the use of C4mim. Category Ionic liquids Category Solvents aromatic stub heterocyclic stub ... more details
Summary Information Description Imidazole based antifungal agent. Source I User Yid Yid User talk Yid talk created this work entirely by myself. Date 17 03, 21 April 2010 UTC Author User Yid Yid User talk Yid talk other versions Licensing self cc by sa 3.0 GFDL migration redundant ... more details
Chembox verifiedrevid 347573155 ImageFile Imidazolidine numbering.png ImageSize 120px IUPACName Imidazolidine OtherNames Tetrahydroimidazole Section1 Chembox Identifiers CASNo 504 74 5 PubChem 449488 SMILES C1CNCN1 Section2 Chembox Properties C 3 H 8 N 2 MolarMass 72.109 Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Imidazolidine is a heterocyclic compound formally derived by the addition of four hydrogen atoms to imidazole . The intermediate, resulting from the addition of only two hydrogen atoms is called dihydroimidazole imidazoline . The connection of imidazolidine to related compounds is indicated in the Figure. Image ImChem.png center thumb 600px Figure. Chemical relationship of imidazole to its reduced derivatives. Formally, removal of the two hydrogens at carbon 2 between the two nitrogens would yield the carbene dihydroimidazol 2 ylidene . Derivatives of the latter comprise an important class of persistent carbene s. ref name Arduengo2 Cite journal author A. J. Arduengo, H. V. R. Dias, R. L. Harlow, and M. Kline title Electronic stabilization of nucleophilic carbenes journal J. Am. Chem. Soc. year 1992 volume 114 pages 5530 doi 10.1021 ja00040a007 ref References Reflist Category Imidazolidines Heterocyclic stub fr Imidazolidine nl Imidazolidine pl Imidazolidyna ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 401963519 ImageFile Imidazoline numbering.png ImageSize 120px IUPACName 4,5 dihydro 1H imidazole OtherNames Section1 Chembox Identifiers ChemSpiderID Ref chemspidercite correct chemspider ChemSpiderID 61464 InChI 1 C3H6N2 c1 2 5 3 4 1 h3H,1 2H2, H,4,5 InChIKey MTNDZQHUAFNZQY UHFFFAOYAB StdInChI Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChI 1S C3H6N2 c1 2 5 3 4 1 h3H,1 2H2, H,4,5 StdInChIKey Ref stdinchicite correct chemspider StdInChIKey MTNDZQHUAFNZQY UHFFFAOYSA N CASNo Ref cascite correct CAS CASNo 504 75 6 PubChem 68156 SMILES N 1 C NCC 1 Section2 Chembox Properties Formula C sub 3 sub H sub 6 sub N sub 2 sub MolarMass 70.093 g mol Appearance Density MeltingPt BoilingPt Solubility Section3 Chembox Hazards MainHazards FlashPt Autoignition Imidazoline is a nitrogen containing heterocyclic compound heterocycle with formula C sub 3 sub H sub 6 sub N sub 2 sub , derived from imidazole . The ring contains an imine bond, and the carbons at the 4 and 5 positions are singly bonded, rather than doubly bonded for the case of imidazole. Imidazolines are structurally related to guanidine s and amidine s. Image ImChem.png thumb left 450px Chemical relationship of imidazole to its reduced derivatives. br style clear left Image Grubbs Catalyst 2nd Generation.png right thumb Second generation Grubbs catalyst Like imidazole, imidazoline based compounds have been used as N heterocyclic carbene ligands on various transition metals. It is found in the commercially available second generation Grubbs catalyst . Biological role Many imidazolines are biologically active. ref cite journal author N. MacInnes and S. Duty title Locomotor effects of imidazoline I2 site specific ligands and monoamine oxidase inhibitors in rats with a unilateral 6 hydroxydopamine lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway year 2004 journal Br J Pharmacol volume 143 issue 8 pages 952 959 doi 10.1038 sj.bjp.0706019 pmid 15545290 pmc 1575965 ref Most bio active derivatives bear a substituent aryl or ... more details
Econazole triamcinolone is a combination drug , consisting of econazole an imidazole antifungal and triamcinolone a group III topical steroid . It is used as a topical administration topical cream against fungal skin infections , including trichophyton mentagrophytes , T. rubrum , epidermophyton floccosum and candida albicans . ref http www.cabdirect.org abstracts 19811372965.html?freeview true Treatment of inflammatory skin mycoses with Pevisone cream econazole triamcinolonacetomide . By Graber, W. Praxis 1980 Vol. 69 No. 3 pp. 87 93. Record Number 19811372965 ref References reflist Category Combination drugs Category Antifungal drugs ... more details
Corrosive Section8 Chembox Related Function OtherFunctn OtherCpds phosgene , imidazole 1,1 ... straightforwardly by the reaction of phosgene with four equivalents of imidazole under anhydrous conditions ... 4 imidazole C sub 3 sub H sub 4 sub N sub 2 sub C O Cl sub 2 sub C sub 3 sub H sub 3 sub N sub 2 sub sub 2 sub CO 2 C sub 3 sub H sub 3 sub N sub 2 sub H sub 2 sub Cl In this conversion, the imidazole serves both as the nucleophile and the base. An alternative precursor 1 trimethylsilyl imidazole requires ... imidazole C sub 3 sub H sub 3 sub N sub 2 sub sub 2 sub CO H sub 2 sub O 2 C sub 3 sub H sub 4 sub ... eeros An early application of this type of reaction was noted in the formation of imidazole peptide ... be treated with an amino acid or peptide ester or amino acid hydrochloride in water to release the imidazole group and couple the peptides. The side products, carbon dioxide and imidazole, are relatively ... salt with the imidazole, such as trifluoro or trichloroacetic acid and thus removes the free imidazole ... is the reaction of formic acid with CDI to form the formylized imidazole. This reagent is a good formylation reaction formylating agent and can regenerate the unsubstituted imidazole with formation of carbon ... further to form diacyl peroxides. The imidazole group is also reduced by LiAlH4 LiAlH sub 4 sub ... Using the Highly Selective Reactions of Imidazole Carboxylic Esters journal Organic Letters ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 border 0 cellpadding 5 cellspacing 0 style margin 1em float right class wikitable colspan 3 Basic aromatic ring systems align center valign bottom Image Pyridine structure.png 67px br Pyridine Image Quinoline structure.png 119px br Quinoline Image Isoquinoline structure.png 126px br Isoquinoline align center valign bottom Image Acridine structure.png 171px br Acridine align center valign bottom Image Pyrazine structure.png 67px br Pyrazine Image Quinoxaline structure.png 119px br Quinoxaline align center valign bottom Image Imidazole structure.png 63px br Imidazole Image Benzimidazole structure.png 113px br Benzimidazole Image Purine structure.png 113px br Purine align center valign bottom Image Pyrazole structure.png 70px br Pyrazole Image Indazole structure.png 120px br Indazole align center valign bottom Image Pyrimidine structure.png 74px br Pyrimidine Image Quinazoline structure.png 126px br Quinazoline align center valign bottom Image Pyridazine structure.png 74px br Pyridazine Image Cinnoline structure.png 126px br Cinnoline Basic aromatic rings are simple aromatic ring aromatic rings in which the lone pair of electron s of a ring nitrogen atom is not part of the aromatic system and extends in the plane of the ring. This lone pair is responsible for the Base chemistry basicity of these nitrogenous base s, similar to the nitrogen atom in amine s. In these compounds the nitrogen atom is not connected to a hydrogen atom. Basic aromatic compounds get Protonation protonated and form aromatic cation s e.g. pyridinium under acid ic conditions. Typical examples of basic aromatic rings are pyridine or quinoline . Several rings contain basic as well as non basic nitrogen atoms, e.g. imidazole and purine . In non basic aromatic rings the lone pair of electron s of the nitrogen atom is delocalized and contributes to the aromatic pi electron system. In these compounds the nitrogen atom is connected to a hydrogen at ... more details
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