Infobox Disease Name Hypersomnia Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 F 51 1 f 50 , ICD10 G 47 1 g 40 ... OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 3129 MeshID D006970 Hypersomnia is a disorder characterized by excessive amounts of somnolence sleepiness . There are two main categories of hypersomnia primary hypersomnia also called idiopathic hypersomnia and recurrent hypersomnia also called primary recurrent hypersomnia . Both have the same symptoms but differ in how often they occur. ref cite ... Symptoms Those who suffer from hypersomnia have recurring episodes of excessive daytime sleepiness ..., or in conversation. These daytime naps usually provide no relief from symptoms. Patients with hypersomnia ... settings. Typically, hypersomnia is first recognized in adolescence or young adulthood. ref name NINDS cite web url http www.ninds.nih.gov disorders hypersomnia hypersomnia.htm title NINDS Hypersomnia ... June publisher pages doi quote ref These symptoms are present in both types of hypersomnia. A sufferer from primary hypersomnia displays these symptoms continually for months or even years. Recurrent hypersomnia is characterized by recurring periods of symptoms many times throughout the year mixed with periods ... hypersomnia, though it is very rare sufferers often sleep up to eighteen hours a day and yet do not feel refreshed upon waking. Causes Hypersomnia can be caused by brain damage and disorders such as clinical depression , uremia and fibromyalgia . Hypersomnia can also be a symptom of other sleep ... are overweight may be more likely to suffer from hypersomnia. Although studies have shown a correlation ... mononucleosis , as several instances of hypersomnia have been found to arise immediately after such an infection ... 05 ref When the cause of the hypersomnia cannot be determined, it is considered to be idiopathic hypersomnia. Epidemiology Hypersomnia is an uncommon disorder, less than 5 of adults complain of EDS ... To be diagnosed with hypersomnia, one must display symptoms for at least a month and the disorder ... more details
PSSM may refer to Parallel Split Shadow Map Position Specific Scoring Matrix Pretty Soldier Sailor Moon , the official English translation of the series, often shortened as Sailor Moon Principles and Standards for School Mathematics , a policy book on mathematics education Polysaccharide storage myopathy, aka Equine polysaccharide storage myopathy PSSM or EPSM , a disease in horses Positive sleep state misperception , subjective hypersomnia without objective findings. disambig Long comment to avoid being listed on short pages ... more details
Expert subject Medicine date February 2009 Reversed vegetative symptoms include only oversleeping hypersomnia and overeating hyperphagia , as compared to insomnia and loss of appetite vegetative symptoms . These features are characteristic of atypical depression AD . However, there have been studies ref cite journal author Benazzi F title Can only reversed vegetative symptoms define atypical depression? journal Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci volume 252 issue 6 pages 288 93 year 2002 month December pmid 12563537 doi 10.1007 s00406 002 0395 0 ref claiming that these symptoms alone are sufficient to diagnose the condition of AD. See also Sleep disorder References reflist Category Psychiatric terms Category Symptoms and signs Cognition, perception, emotional state and behaviour ... more details
drugbox IUPAC name 2 benzhydryl 1 methyl piperidin 3 ol image SCH 5472 structure.png CAS number 20068 90 0 CAS supplemental phenylsuccinate ATC prefix ATC suffix PubChem 209634 DrugBank C 19 H 23 N 1 O 1 molecular weight 281.391 g mol smiles c3ccccc3C c2ccccc2 C1C O CCCN1C bioavailability protein bound metabolism elimination half life excretion pregnancy AU A B1 B2 B3 C D X pregnancy US A B C D X pregnancy category legal AU Unscheduled S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 legal CA Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII legal UK GSL P POM CD Class A, B, C legal US OTC Rx only Schedule I, II, III, IV, V legal status routes of administration SCH 5472 is a stimulant drug. ref Nodine JH, Bodi T, Slap J, Levy HA, Siegler PE. Preliminary trial of a new stimulant SCH 5472 in ambulatory patients with depression, exhaustion, or hypersomnia syndrome. Antibiotic Medicine and Clinical Therapy . 1960 Dec 7 771 6. PMID 13729397 ref pharmacology stub See also AL 1095 Desoxypipradrol References references stimulants Category Stimulants Category piperidines ... more details
Image Modafinil.svg right thumb 200px Modafinil , a prototypical example of a wakefulness promoting agent. A wakefulness promoting agent is a type of psychoactive drug which improves wakefulness and alertness , and reduces tiredness , drowsiness , and the need for sleep . They are often used in the treatment of hypersomnia and narcolepsy . The functional opposites of wakefulness promoting agents would be hypnotic s sedative s like antihistamine s, opioids , and benzodiazepine s. The prototype drug in this class is modafinil , and other drugs include adrafinil and armodafinil . The primary difference between these drugs and amphetamine like stimulant s is that wakefulness promoting agents trigger activation of neurons in the hypothalamus based wakefulness circuits, as opposed to producing diffuse neuronal activation. ref cite journal authors Ballon, D.D. Feifel, D. title A systematic review of modafinil potential clinical uses and mechanisms of action. journal J. Clin Psychiatry year 2006 volume 67 issue 4 pages 554 66 url http article.psychiatrist.com dao 1 login.asp?ID 10002519&RSID 34201655661361 accessdate June 11, 2010 ref See also Stimulant References Reflist pharmacology stub Stimulants Category Stimulants ... more details
saved book title Bipolar Disorder subtitle cover image The Scream.jpg cover color black Bipolar Disorder Overview Bipolar disorder History History of bipolar disorder Emil Kraepelin Karl Leonhard John Cade Mogens Schou Frederick K. Goodwin Kay Redfield Jamison Symptoms Hallucination Delusion Emotional dysregulation Anhedonia Dysphoria Suicidal ideation Sleep disorder Hypersomnia Insomnia Psychosis Racing thoughts Bipolar spectrum Bipolar spectrum Bipolar I disorder Bipolar I Bipolar II disorder Bipolar II Cyclothymia Dysthymia Major depressive disorder Schizoaffective disorder Mania Mixed state psychiatry Mixed state Hypomania Major depressive episode Treatment Treatment of bipolar disorder mood stabilizer s Anticonvulsant s Carbamazepine Gabapentin Lamotrigine Oxcarbazepine Topiramate Valproic acid Sodium valproate Valproate semisodium Lithium pharmacology Lithium carbonate Lithium citrate Lithium sulfate Antipsychotic s Non pharmaceutical treatment Clinical psychology Electroconvulsive therapy Involuntary commitment Light therapy Psychotherapy Transcranial magnetic stimulation Related subjects Affective spectrum List of people affected by bipolar disorder Bipolar disorder in children Organisations International Society for Bipolar Disorders Icarus Project Category Wikipedia books on health Category Bipolar disorder ... more details
Infobox disease Name daytime hypersomnia Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 F 51 1 f 50 , ICD10 G 47 1 g 40 ICD9 ICD9 291.82 , ICD9 292.85 , ICD9 307.43 ICD9 307.44 , ICD9 327.1 , ICD9 780.53 ICD9 780.54 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj med eMedicineTopic 3129 MeshID D006970 Excessive daytime sleepiness EDS is characterized by persistent sleepiness, and often a general lack of energy, even after apparently adequate night time sleep. Sudden involuntary sleep onset, and microsleep s are common complications. Citation needed date January 2009 EDS is a symptom of one of the two forms of the sleep disorder hypersomnia , the other being prolonged nighttime sleep. Some persons with EDS, including those with narcolepsy , are compelled to nap repeatedly during the day fighting off increasingly strong urges to sleep during inappropriate times such as while driving, while at work, during a meal, or in conversations. As the compulsion to sleep intensifies, the ability to competently complete tasks sharply diminishes, often mimicking the appearance of intoxication. Diagnosis An adult who is compelled to nap repeatedly during the day may have excessive daytime sleepiness. However, it is important to distinguish between occasional daytime sleepiness and excessive daytime sleepiness, which is chronic medical chronic . A number of tools for screening for EDS have been developed. One is the Epworth Sleepiness Scale which grades the results of a questionnaire. The ESS generates a numerical score from zero 0 to 24 where a score of ten 10 or higher may indicate that the person should consult a specialist in sleep medicine for further evaluation. A self test is available at http epworthsleepinessscale.com wp content uploads 2009 09 epworth sleepiness scale.pdf 1 page 11.jpg the author s website. Another tool is the Multiple Sleep Latency Test MSLT , which has been used since the 1970s ... , sleep apnea , hypersomnia or restless legs syndrome . Disorders such as clinical depression or atypical ... more details
Infobox Disease Name PAGENAME ICD9 ICD9 307.47 , ICD9 780.56 MeshID D020920 Dyssomnias are a broad classification of sleep disorder sleeping disorders that make it difficult to get to sleep, or to remain sleeping. Dyssomnias are primary disorders of initiating or maintaining sleep or of excessive sleepiness and are characterized by a disturbance in the amount, quality, or timing of sleep. Patients may complain of difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep, intermittent wakefulness during the night, early morning awakening, or combinations of any of these. Transient episodes are usually of little significance. Stress, caffeine, physical discomfort, daytime napping, and early bedtimes are common factors. Major types of dyssomnias There are over 30 recognized kinds of dyssomnias. Major groups of dyssomnias include Intrinsic sleep disorders 12 disorders recognized, including hypersomnia , narcolepsy , periodic limb movement disorder , restless legs syndrome , sleep apnea . sleep state misperception Extrinsic sleep disorders 13 disorders recognized, including alcoholism alcohol dependent sleep disorder, food allergy insomnia , inadequate sleep routine. Circadian rhythm sleep disorder s, both intrinsic and extrinsic 6 disorders recognized, including advanced sleep phase syndrome , delayed sleep phase syndrome , jetlag , shift work sleep disorder . Treatment In general, there are two broad classes of treatment, and the two may be combined psychological cognitive behavioral and pharmacological. In situations of acute distress, such as a grief reaction, pharmacologic measures may be most appropriate. With primary insomnia, however, initial efforts should be psychologically based. Other specific treatments are appropriate for some of the disorders, such as ingestion of the hormone melatonin and bright light therapy for circadian rhythm disorders. Specialists in sleep medicine are trained to diagnose and treat these disorders. See also Somnolence Parasomnia Mental and behav ... more details
Infobox Album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Secret Handshakes Type studio Artist Tub Ring Cover Released August 31, 2010 Recorded 2010 br At Electrical Audio and Studio Edison in Chicago, IL . Genre Experimental rock Length Label The End Records Producer Rob Kleiner Reviews Last album The Great Filter album The Great Filter br 2007 This album Secret Handshakes br 2010 Next album Secret Handshakes is the title of Chicago band Tub Ring s 6th album, and their second on The End Records . The CD was released on August 31, 2010. The album breaks several patterns of previous Tub Ring albums. For the first time, the title is unrelated to Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence SETI and contains no Robot track. The predominant colour of the album cover is red, in contrast to many ealier albums and promo shots which prominently featured blue. Track listing Stop This NOW Bird Of A Different Color Gold Finger Touching The Enemy Burn Cryonic Love Song Feed The Rapture Flash I Shot Your Faggot Horse Bitch Chronic Hypersomnia Optimistic The Day The World Will End Tip Of My Tongue The Horrible And The Holy Personnel Kevin Gibson Vocalist Vocals Rob Kleiner Keyboard instrument Keyboards , Record producer Producer Trevor Erb Bass guitar Scott Radway drums , percusion Patrick Windsor guitar , piano Jason Zolghadr tar Loren Turner guitar Dave Smith baritone sax Brandon Wojcik trumpet David Keller cello Benjamin Weber viola , violin Chibi vocals recorded by Rowan MacPhail Category Tub Ring albums Secret Handshakes Category 2010 albums Secret Handshakes Category The End Records albums ... more details
Periodic limb movement disorder Hypersomnia Recurrent hypersomnia including Kleine Levin syndrome Posttraumatic hypersomnia Healthy hypersomnia Circadian rhythm sleep disorders Delayed sleep phase ... central nervous system CNS hypersomnia , Kleine Levin syndrome , menstrual related hypersomnia ... more details
day the patient sleeps excessively, known as hypersomnia , or not enough, known as insomnia . ref ... problem is oversleeping called hypersomnia . This may occur in the form of sleeping for prolonged ... during the winter months. Hypersomnia is often associated with an atypical depression . ref name ... more details
A microsleep is an episode of sleep which may last for a fraction of a second or up to thirty seconds. ref name ICSD International Classification of Sleep Disorders Diagnostic and Coding Manual, http www.esst.org adds ICSD.pdf, page 343 ref Often, it is the result of sleep deprivation , mental fatigue physical fatigue , depression, sleep apnea , hypoxia medical hypoxia , narcolepsy , or hypersomnia . Microsleeping can occur at any time, typically without significant warning. Microsleeps or microsleep episodes become extremely dangerous when occurring during situations which demand constant alertness, such as sleep deprived driving driving a motor vehicle or working with heavy machinery. People who experience microsleeps usually remain unaware of them, instead believing themselves to have been awake the whole time, or to have temporarily lost focus. There is little agreement on how best to identify microsleep episodes. Some experts define microsleep according to behavioral criteria head nods, drooping eyelids, etc. , while others rely on EEG markers. One study at the University of Iowa defined EEG monitored microsleeps in driving simulation as a 3 14 second episode during which 4 7 Hz theta activity replaced the waking 8 13 Hz alpha background rhythm. ref cite web url http ppc.uiowa.edu driving assessment 2005 final papers 04 AmitPaul LBoyleformat.pdf title Variability of driving performance during microsleeps accessdate 2008 02 10 last Paul first Amit coauthors Linda Ng Boyle, Jon Tippin, Matthew Rizzo year 2005 format PDF work Proceedings of the Third International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training and Vehicle Design Dead link date November 2010 bot H3llBot ref When experiencing microsleeps while driving an automobile, from the perspective of the driver, he or she drives a car, and then suddenly realizes that several seconds have passed by unnoticed. It is not obvious to the driver that he or she was asleep during those missing secon ... more details
, hypersomnia daytime sleepiness , muscle wasting, dysphagia , and respiratory insufficiency. In addition ..., language , Speech communication speech , behaviour , apathy or hypersomnia. Cognitive manifestations ... and hypersomnia. Conduction abnormalities are more common in DM1 than DM2, but all patients are advised ... subject to systematic review for safety and efficacy through the Cochrane Reviews for symptoms such as hypersomnia ... more details
Unreferenced date October 2010 Recurrent brief depression RBD defines a mental disorder characterized by intermittent depressive episodes, in women not related to menstrual cycles, occurring at least once a month over at least one year or more fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for major depressive episodes DSM IV and ICD 10 except for duration which in RBD is less than 14 days, typically 2 4 days. Despite the short duration of the depressive episodes, such episodes are severe and suicidal ideation and impaired function is rather common. The majority of patients with RBD also report symptoms of anxiety and increased irritability. Hypersomnia is also rather frequent. About 1 2 of patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria for RBD may have additional short episodes of brief hypomania which is a severity marker of RBD. RBD may be the only mental disorder present, but RBD may also occur as part of a history of recurrent major depressive episodes or bipolar disorders . RBD is also seen among some patients with personality disorders . Prevalence The lifetime prevalence of RBD has been estimated at 2.6 to 10.0 , and the one year prevalence at 5.0 8.2 . The World Health Organization project on Psychological problems in general health care , which was based on primary care samples, reported a one year prevalence of 3.7 9.9 . However none of these studies differentiate between RBD with and without a history of other mood disorder s e.g. major depression . DSM IV field trial estimated the life time of RBD only to be about 2 . Cause The cause etiology of RBD is unknown, but recent findings may suggest a link between RBD and bipolar disorders, pointing to the importance of genetic factors. A small sub group of patients with RBD has temporal lobe epilepsy. Treatment Both psychotherapy as well as different drugs e.g. serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs or mood stabilizers, e.g. lithium, antiepileptics have been suggested as treatments.However, no randomized controlled treatment trial ... more details
disorders Primary sleep disorders 307.44 Primary hypersomnia 307.42 Primary insomnia 347 Narcolepsy ... medical condition 780.54 Hypersomnia type 780.52 Insomnia type 780.59 Mixed type 780.59 Parasomnia type 307.42 Insomnia related to... indicate the Axis I or Axis II disorder 307.44 Hypersomnia related ... more details
Disorder NOS 301.50 Histrionic personality disorder Histrionic Personality Disorder 307.44 Hypersomnia ... Stress Disorder 302.75 Premature ejaculation Premature Ejaculation 307.44 Primary Hypersomnia 307.42 ... Due to... Indicate the General Medical Condition 780.54 Hypersomnia Type 780.52 Insomnia Type ... more details
. Hypersomnia is a primary symptom of KLS, and is present in all subjects. Subjects are often ... must first eliminate a long list of other conditions that could mimic the symptoms. Because hypersomnia ... more details
Infobox Disease Name Atypical Depression Image Caption DiseasesDB ICD10 ICD10 F 32 8 f 30 ICD9 ICDO OMIM MedlinePlus eMedicineSubj eMedicineTopic MeshID Atypical depression AD is a subtype of dysthymia and Major depressive disorder major depression , sharing many of the symptoms of both, but also being characterized by mood reactivity being able to experience improved mood in response to positive events. In contrast, sufferers of Melancholic depression melancholic depression generally cannot experience positive moods, even when good things happen. Additionally, atypical depression is characterized by reversed vegetative symptoms , namely over eating and over sleeping, and separately by interpersonal rejection sensitivity. Despite its name, atypical depression is actually the most common subtype of depression ref http www.biopsychiatry.com atypical.htm Course and treatment of atypical depression ref ref http www.mcmanweb.com article 200.htm Atypical Depression ref up to 40 of the depressed population may be classified as having atypical depression. Symptoms The DSM IV TR defines Atypical Depression as a subtype of Major Depressive Disorder with Atypical Features, characterized by a Mood reactivity i.e., mood brightens in response to actual or potential positive events b At least two of the following Significant weight gain or increase in appetite Hypersomnia sleeping too much, as opposed to the insomnia present in melancholic depression Leaden paralysis i.e., heavy, leaden feelings in arms or legs Long standing pattern of Rejection sensitivity Rejection sensitivity interpersonal rejection sensitivity not limited to episodes of mood disturbance that results in significant social or occupational impairment. c Criteria are not met for Melancholic Depression or Catatonia Catatonic Depression during the same episode. Research In general, atypical depression tends to cause greater functional impairment than other forms of depression. Atypical depression is a chronic syndro ... more details
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