books?id skdoYDs1e8AC quote ... located in what is called the Hindiheartland or the Hindibelt of north ...Image Hindi belt.png right thumb The HindiBelt or region where the Varieties of Hindi are spoken. Image Hindi Indoarisch.png right thumb The Hindi languages Central Zone or Hindi proper. The HindiBelt or HindiHeartland is a loosely defined linguistic region in North India North and Central India where Hindi languages are widely spoken, either as primary or secondary languages. ref name sukhwal1985 ... in the Hindiheartland Volume 3 of History of printing and publishing in India a story of cultural ... language is Standard Hindi . Regional definition Sometimes it is also used to refer to states whose official language is Hindi. Only Gujarat has Hindi as official language outside HindiBelt. ref Citation ... needed date March 2010 Constituent regions The Hindibelt is often considered as covering the following ... sweeps out Congress in Hindiheartland date December 4, 2003 ref sup , sup ref http www.indianexpress.com ... class wikitable border 1 Native Languages of HindiBelt State Native Language Bihar Hindi, Angika ... belt for their official language is not Hindi but one of the other Indo Aryan languages . Demography ... in recent years. ref http www.jstor.org pss 2658585 The Rise of the OBC in HindiBelt ref References ... Belt A Seminar http charm.cs.uiuc.edu bhatele hindihindi intro.htm III. INTRODUCTION TO HINDI ... Inc Advent Books Division url http books.google.com books?id HemAAAAAIAAJ quote ... In the Hindiheartland ... ref ref name allan2004 Citation title Reporting war journalism in wartime author Stuart ... that their mother tongue is Hindi language Hindi . For instance Rajasthani people speak ... they use Hindi. In Bihar people speak Bhojpuri , Magahi , Maithili language Maithili and Angika . In Haryana people speak both Hindi and Haryanvi language Haryanvi . In Himachal Pradesh people know both Hindi and Pahari languages Pahari . In Madhya Pradesh , a large number of people speak Hindi ... more details
Hindi is the name of various Indo Aryan languages, commonly referred to as the Hindi languages with various definitions. These include in the narrowest sense, Standard Hindi Modern Standard Hindi , a literary style and standard register of Hindustani in a slightly broader sense, spoken Hindustani language Hindustani , as used for example in Hindi Cinema historically, any Central Zone Indic literary standard dialect khari boli , including Urdu , Braj Bhasha , and Avadhi . in an intermediate sense, the Central Zone dialects of Western Hindi includes Hindustani and Eastern Hindi includes Fijian Hindi in the widest sense, the varieties of Hindi across the so called HindiBelt Western Hindi, Eastern Hindi, Bihari languages Bihari includes Caribbean Hindustani , Pahari languages Pahari apart from Nepali language Nepali , and Rajasthani language Rajasthani Bombay Hindi Fiji Hindi Urdu in Malaysia Caribbean Hindustani In Arabic name s, al Hind the Indian properly transl ar al hindiyyu can figure as a Nisbat onomastics nisba . See also Hindu History of Hindustani Hindi literature Hindi cinema Varieties of Hindi Disambig Category Indian words and phrases de Hindi Begriffskl rung tl Hindi ... more details
40 million copies. ref http www.livemint.com 2009 02 05230335 Hindi dailies with local news.html ref The prominent Hindi newspapers are Dainik Jagran Dainik Jagaran , Dainik Bhaskar , Amar Ujala , Navbharat ... Jagran is the No. One Hindi daily with a total readership TR of 54,583,000, according to IRS Round ... are placed at the next three positions. The total readership of Top 10 Hindi dailies is estimated ... ref Hindi News Channels The prominent Hindi television news channels are Aaj Tak , STAR News Star News , Zee News , NDTV India etc. The prominent Hindi news websites are usually the online presence of the Hindi newspapers or news channel s. Webdunia.com, one of the largest webportals and which ..., Nai Dunia claims to be the first Hindi newspaper on the Internet. References references Category Hindi language media india media stub hi ... more details
Infobox language family name Hindi altname region South Asia familycolor Indo European fam2 Indo Iranian languages Indo Iranian fam3 Indo Aryan languages Indo Aryan child1 Western Hindi child2 Eastern Hindi partial child3 Bihari languages Bihari partial child4 Pahari languages Pahari partial child5 Rajasthani language Rajasthani map Hindi belt.png mapcaption The HindibeltHindi in the broad sense ... Hindustani , Hindawi, or Urdu . Demographics Main Hindibelt The Hindi languages predominate in the States ... Bengali and on the north by Nepali language Nepali . As defined by the 1991 Indian census , Hindi ... Nepali . However, they do not form a natural clade, as which varieties are considered Hindi, and which ... of Hindi. Today Sahitya Akademi , National Academy of Letters and University Grants Commission India University Grants Commission recognize it as a distinct language. The Central Zone languages, or Hindi languages Hindi proper , are conventionally divided into Western Hindi Western and Eastern Hindi . Hindi in the narrow sense of Standard Hindi is a Standard language standardized register linguistics ... . ref name Shapiro2003p251 Harv Shapiro 2003 p 251 ref Distinctive non standard varieties of Hindi are spoken in large, urban area s outside of the Hindibelt. Most notable of these are those spoken in Mumbai , Kolkata , and Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh Hyderabad . Overseas forms of Hindi are found ... Europe , USA , etc. has resulted in the establishment of Hindi speaking communities there as well. ref ... is as follows, counting languages with two million or more speakers Central zone Hindi proper Western Hindi West Central zone 240 M Hindi Urdu Hindustani language Hindustani , Khariboli , numbers out of date 13 M Haryanvi numbers out of date 10 M Kanauji Eastern Hindi East Central zone 38 M Awadhi ... language Bhojpuri the Hindi of Suriname and Mauritius 13 M Magahi language Magadhi 2 M Sadri language ... regarded their first language native language to be Hindi . The government, however ... more details
infobox website name Wiki favicon Hindi Wikipedia logo File Wikipedia logo v2 hi.svg 175px screenshot ... No launch date July 2003 type Internet encyclopedia project language Hindi language Hindi registration Optional owner Wikimedia Foundation author Hindi Wikipedia is the Hindi language edition of Wikipedia ..., Google announced that they had begun working with Hindi Wikipedians to translate English language articles into Hindi and had so far translated 600,000 words in Hindi using a combination of Google ... for a 20 rate of growth and counting for the site. Timeline July 11 , 2003 Hindi Wikipedia launched January 25 , 2005 Number of articles on Hindi Wikipedia reached 1,000. January 16 , 2007 Number of articles on Hindi Wikipedia reached 5,000. March 14 , 2007 Number of articles on Hindi Wikipedia reached 10,000. December 6 , 2007 Number of articles on Hindi Wikipedia reached 15,000. May 29 , 2008 Number of articles on Hindi Wikipedia reached 20,000. July 11 , 2008 Hindi Wikipedia five years completed. May 9 , 2009 Number of articles on Hindi Wikipedia reached 30,000. September 8 , 2009 Hindi Wikipedia becomes the largest version of Wikipedia in Indian languages. September 14 , 2009 Number of articles on Hindi Wikipedia reached 50,000. February 13 , 2010 Hindi Wikipedia has more than 25,000 members. June 20 , 2010 Hindi Wikipedia has more than 30,000 members. November 26 , 2010 Hindi Wikipedia has more than 37,000 members. January 29 , 2011 Hindi Wikipedia has more than 40,000 members. August 14 , 2011 Hindi Wikipedia, the number of members exceeds 50,000. August 30 , 2011 Number ... Hindi Wikipedia hi icon http hi.m.wikipedia.org Hindi Wikipedia mobile version homepage not yet ... established in 2003 af Hindi Wikipedia ar az Hindc Vikipediya be ... hindi eu Hindizko Wikipedia fa fr Wikip dia en hindi ko hi id Wikipedia bahasa Hindi it Wikipedia in hindi hu Hindi Wikip dia mk arz ... more details
unreferenced date January 2011 Hindi Blogosphere Hindi is a term used to describe the online community of Hindi weblogs that are a part of the larger Indian Blogosphere . History Alok Kumar is known as the first Hindi blogger. Citation needed date January 2011 His blog http 9211.blogspot.com 9 2 11 was the first known Hindi blog. He coined the term Chittha Hindi for blog which was quickly adopted by other bloggers and later became the standard Hindi term for it. Because of the difficulties involved in typing Hindi script , very few people used it online, but later on, due to the availability of Hindi typing tools, the number of Hindi bloggers began growing. In 2007, the number of Hindi blogs increased rapidly. This was due to the advent of Indic Unicode support in various blogging services, and the advent of new Hindi typing tools like Google Indic Transliteration tool in Blogger service Blogger and the promotion of Hindi blogging in the mainstream media. Types of blogs During the beginning days, most Hindi blogs were personal, and there were few topic focused blogs. During 2007, the number of Hindi blogs increased rapidly and blogs focused on various topics like Film cinema , technology , science , hobbies , photoblogs began. Various community services http blogprahari.com BlogPrahari Pioneer Hindi blogs aggregator. India s first http hindiblogs.org HindiBlogs.Org Hindi blogs directory http chitthacharcha.blogspot.com Chittha Charcha Filter blog of Hindi blogs See also Blogosphere Indic computing Category Hindi Category Blogging Category Indic computing Category Blogospheres hi ... more details
Infobox language family name Hindi Central Zone altname Madhya region South Asia familycolor Indo European fam2 Indo Iranian languages Indo Iranian fam3 Indo Aryan languages Indo Aryan child1 Western Hindi child2 Eastern Hindi map Hindi Indoarisch.png mapcaption The Hindi languages , also known as Madhya and the Central Zone of the Indo Aryan languages , is a subset of the varieties of Hindi spoken ... and Pakistan, Standard HindiHindi and Urdu . The coherence of this group depends on the classification being used here we will consider only Eastern and Western Hindi. Languages If there can be considered a consensus within the dialectology of Hindi proper, it is that it can be split into two sets of dialects Western Hindi Western and Eastern Hindi . ref name Shapiro2003p251 Harv Shapiro 2003 p 251 ref This analysis excludes varieties sometimes claimed for Hindi, such as Bihari languages ... 252 ref Thus Hindi proper includes ref Harv Shapiro 2003 p 252 ref Western Hindi of which Sauraseni ... language Persian . It forms the basis of the Hindustani language Hindustani Hindi Urdu language , with its standard Register linguistics register s of Standard Hindi Modern Standard Hindi and Urdu . Eastern Hindi of which Ardhamagadhi is the immediate precursor ref name Shapiro2003p277 Awadhi , spoken ... Chattisgarh . Use in culturally non Hindi regions in the subcontinent Urdu is the official ... as a second language. Bambaiya Hindi , the dialect of the city of Bombay Mumbai it is based on Hindustani ... of Hindi cinema Bollywood because Mumbai is the base of the Bollywood film industry. Dakhni , a dialect of Urdu spoken in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. Kalkatiya Hindi, a Khariboli based pidgin .... References reflist Bibliography Citation last Shapiro first Michael C. year 2003 chapter Hindi url ... Languages publisher Routledge isbn 9780415772945 pages 250 285 Category Dialects of Hindi Category Dialects of Hindustani Category Hindi languages Category Hindi ... more details
name Hindi Zahra image Hindi Zahra 2010.jpg caption Zahra at the Nice Jazz Festival 2010 background solo singer birth name alias Zahra Hindi origin Khouribga , Morocco Born 1979 death date instrument ... zahra.com Hindi Zahra born 1979 in Khouribga , Morocco is a Franco Moroccan singer. ref cite web url http www.efi news.com 2011 09 hindi zahra music for soul.html title Hindi Zahra Music for the Soul ... birth name ref cite web url http www.thedailynewsegypt.com music hindi zahra if music be a tree.html title Hindi Zahra If music be a tree publisher Thedailynewsegypt.com date 24 June 2010 accessdate ... languages . Hindi Zahra grew up with her Moroccan mother, a dancer and actress, in Khouribga ... 18 she worked at the Louvre . ref cite web url http www.hindi zahra.com en biographie.php title Hindi Zahra biography publisher Hindi zahra.com date 23 March 2011 accessdate 1 May 2011 ref Besides that she wrote her first lyrics and melodies. Hindi Zahra is a self taught multi instrumentalist. By 2005 ... released on the EP Hindi Zahra in 2009 and eleven songs were recorded on Hindi Zahra s first album ... flash actualite culture hindi zahra une voix nomade entre orient et occident 22 05 2010 932684.php title Hindi Zahra, une voix nomade entre Orient et Occident publisher Leparisien.fr date 22 May 2010 ... 2010 Hindi Zahra won the Prix Constantin for Best Album. ref cite web author Par PHILIPPE ... title Hindi Zahra, prix Constantin 2010 publisher Next.liberation.fr date accessdate 1 May 2011 ... date 11 February 2011 accessdate 1 May 2011 ref Hindi has drawn comparisons with Portishead band ... Hindi Zahra album Handmade 17 France, 58 Austria, 22 Belgium Flanders , 35 Belgium Wallonia , 29 Sweden 2011 Handmade Hindi Zahra album Handmade Deluxe Edition with previously unreleased songs EPs 2009 Hindi Zahra EP 2011 Until the Next Journey EP Singles 2010 Beautiful Tango 9 Belgium Wallonia ... zahra.com Official homepage http www.guardian.co.uk music 2010 may 23 hindi zahra handmade review ... more details
unreferenced date October 2009 Bihari Hindi is a form of Hindi language Hindi mainly spoken in the Bihar and Jharkhand states of India. The language deviates slightly from Standard Hindi. The first characteristic is the tone of speaking which is very slow, and many times accompanied by stretching the last word of the sentence. Another important characteristic is gender. In Standard Hindi every non living thing is given either masculine or Grammatical gender feminine gender . In Bihari Hindi every non living object is considered masculine. Example English Rain is falling. Standard Hindi Barish ho rahi hai. barish, or rain, is feminine Bihari Hindi Barish ho raha hai. barish, rain is now masculine . Mainly people don t use the word main for word I instead word Hum We for word I is used. Also people from places like Madhubani, India Madhubani and Darbhanga talks with too much respect and never uses word Tum you instead word aap is used to talk to everyone. Many people pronounce the letter a as ra in many Bihari Hindi words. Also any letter starting with half consonant of Devan gar Devanagari alphabet that is pronounced with a or e depending upon words. However, not many but not everyone who speaks like that. ex. gyarah means eleven sometimes pronounced as egyarah . Bihari Hindi has many regional words, such as burbak fool , ka what etc. Category Dialects of Hindi ... more details
Unreferenced date September 2009 Bihari Hindi is a slang form of Hindi mainly spoken in the Bihar and Jharkhand states of India . The language deviates slightly from Standard Hindi . The first characteristic is the tone of speaking which is very slow, and many times accompanied by stretching the last word of the sentence. Another important characteristic is gender. In Standard Hindi every non living thing is given either masculine or feminine gender. In Bihari Hindi every non living object is considered masculine. Example English language English Rain is falling. Standard Hindi Barish ho rahi hai. barish, or rain, is feminine Bihari Hindi Barish ho raha hai. barish, rain is now masculine . Mainly people don t use the word main for word I instead word Hum We for word I is used. Also people from places like Madhubani, India Madhubani and Darbhanga talks with too much respect and never uses word Tum you instead word aap is used to talk to everyone. Many people pronounce the letter a as ra in many Bihari Hindi words. also any letter starting with half consonant of Devanagari alphabet that is pronounced with a or e depending upon words. However, not many but not everyone talk like that. ex. gyarah means eleven sometimes pronouned as egyarah . Bihari Hindi has many regional words, such as burbak fool , ka what etc. Category Hindi Bihar stub ... more details
Hindi is one of the two official languages of Bihar the other being Urdu , whilst the majority of the people ... . Bihari languages were once mistakenly thought to be dialects of Hindi , but they has been more recently ... with Bengali language Bengali and Oriya language Oriya . Biharbandhu was the first Hindi newspaper ... the ages Glimpses of History, Society and Economy, Commonwealth Publishers , New Delhi, 1988 ref Hindi ... to lack of respect for Hindi among the people at large. Many Hindi journals took birth and after a lapse ..., Nagri Pracharini Sabha , Arrah, 3 March 1950, pp. 353 ref But once Hindi enlisted the official support, it started making a dent into the remote areas in Bihar. Hindi journalism also acquired wisdom and maturity and its longevity was prolonged. Hindi was introduced in the law courts in Bihar in 1880 ... , Bihar Hindi Sahitya Sammelan, Patna 1956, pp. 73 ref Udyog was edited by Vijyaanand Tripathy ... of Bihari languages , they have not been constitutionally recognized in India . Hindi is the language ..., Hindi is the language used for educational and official matters. ref These languages was legally absorbed under the subordinate label of HindiHINDI in the 1961 Census. Such state and national politics ... success for spreading Hindi occurred in Bihar in 1881, when Hindi displaced Urdu as the sole official language of the province . In this struggle between competing Hindi and Urdu , the potential claims ... were ignored. After independence Hindi was again given the sole official status through the Bihar ... of unreliable sources. In the urban region most educated speakers of the language name Hindi as their language ... because of unawareness. The uneducated and the rural population of the region return Hindi as the generic ... sources. In the urban region most educated speakers of the language name Hindi as their language ... because of unawareness. The uneducated and the rural population of the region return Hindi as the generic ... languages , which has been trying to constantly deny superimposition of Hindi over her identity ... more details
Infobox language name Fiji Hindi nativename Fiji Baat familycolor Indo European states Fiji , with significant ... Hindi languages East Central zone fam6 Awadhi language Awadhi script Latin script Latin , Devanagari script nation agency iso3 hif map Countries where Fiji Hindi is spoken.png mapcaption Countries where Fijian Hindi is spoken notice Indic Fiji Hindi , also known as Fijian Hindi or Fijian Hindustani ... and Bhojpuri varieties of Hindi languages Hindi . It has also borrowed a large number of words from Fijian language Fijian and English language English . The relation between Fiji Hindi and Standard Hindi is similar to the relation between Afrikaans and Dutch language Dutch . Dubious date August 2011 A large number of words, unique to Fiji Hindi, have been created to cater for the new environment ... numerous, mainly Hindi, dialects and languages depending on their district of origin. These have ... languages Bihari 17,868 39.3 Eastern Hindi 16,871 37.1 Telugu language Telugu 6,903 15.2 Rajasthani ... in the Bihari group and Awadhi , spoken by 32.9 , has been included in the Eastern Hindi group. A language soon developed in Fiji that combined the common elements of the Hindi dialects spoken in these areas ... of Hindi and Urdu spoken on the Indian sub continent . The development of Fiji Hindi was accelerated by the need for labourers speaking different dialects and sub dialects of Hindi to work together and the practice ... 1917 made similar observations. By the late 1920s, Fiji Hindi was being learned by all Fiji Indian children ... Tamil and Malayalam languages, were brought from South India. By this time Fiji Hindi was well established ... and communicate with each other in Fijian Hindi. The census reports of 1956 and 1966 shows the extent to which Fiji Hindi Hindustani in the census was being spoken in Fiji Indian households. div align ... Hindi align right 3,644 align right 783 Telugu align right 1,498 align right 999 Urdu align right 1,233 ... align right 359 div Fiji Hindi is also understood by native Fijians in areas of Fiji with large Indian ... more details
Infobox language family name Western Hindi altname region South Asia familycolor Indo European fam2 Indo Iranian languages Indo Iranian fam3 Indo Aryan languages Indo Aryan fam4 Central zone Western Hindi is a group of Hindi dialects that evolved out of the Apabhramsa form of Shauraseni language Shaurseni prakrit . According to George Abraham Grierson G. A. Grierson it comprises such varieties as Haryanvi or Bangaru spoken in Haryana and some areas of Delhi National Capital Territory of Delhi , Brajbhakha spoken in western Uttar Pradesh and adjoining districts in Rajasthan and Haryana , Bundeli spoken in west central Madhya Pradesh , Kanauji spoken in west central Uttar Pradesh and Hindustani language Hindustani or Kauravi spoken in the north and northeast of Delhi . ref http books.google.co.in books?id J3RSHWePhXwC&lpg PA461&ots xxBNW4zoJn&dq kauravi 20masica&pg PA12 v onepage&q&f false Masica C.P. The Indo Aryan Languages. Cambridge University Press, 1993. p. 12 ref ref http www.archive.org download rosettaproject hin detail 2 rosettaproject hin detail 2.pdf Grierson G.A. Western Hindi. In Linguistic Survey of India. ref The latter became the basis of Standard Hindi literary Hindi and Urdu . References references External links http www.esamskriti.com essay chapters History of Hindi 1.aspx Sanjeev Nayyar. History Of Hindi Category Dialects of Hindi Category Dialects of Hindustani Category Hindi Category Hindustani Category Indo Aryan languages Category Languages of India Category Languages of Uttar Pradesh Category Languages written in Devanagari ru ... more details
Mumbai Hindi lang hi or simply Mumbaiyya is a Hindi Urdu Hindi pidgin ref name ref89zadoq cite ..., the pidgin Hindi Bazar Hindi is almost exclusively used as the market language , thereby ... , India . ref http www.hindilanguage.org hindi dialects.asp Dialects of Hindi ref It incorporates words and pronunciations from Hindi , Urdu , Gujarati language Gujarati , Marathi language Marathi ..., the predominant Stratum linguistics Substratum substratum influence on Mumbaiyya Hindi ... books?id iE4HAQAAIAAJ quote ... In the case of Bombay Hindi Urdu, the predominant sub stratum structure is that of Marathi, a language which is structurally quite close of Hindi ... ref Technically, Mumbaiyya Hindi is not a dialect or language but a pidgin cn date September 2011 , a mixture of Hindi, Marathi, English with a strong tendency to simplify the grammar of regular Hindi. General While many such local dialects have evolved in cosmopolitan cities around the world, Bombay Hindi is widely ... different varieties of Hindi according to their social status, their caste, communal identity ..., Mumbaiyya from Mumbai Hindi concocted specifically to typify such screen characters in Hindi cinema ... Use of Sound in India Cinema , presented in 1999. ref Lately, however, Mumbaiyya Hindi has ..., Verbal assault of Mumbaiya Hindi , December 12, 2006. http www.dnaindia.com report.asp?NewsID 1068940 Read online . ref Among the more prominent neologism s which originated in Mumbaiyya Hindi but have ... of Mumbai Hindi class wikitable Mumbaiyya English Standard Hindi Urdu Notes Apun I myself Mai ... url http books.google.com books?id b 6OMfZ1QpUC quote ... Bombay Hindi has also added an additional suffix, borrowed from Marathi ... compare ordinary Hindi piya tha ... with Marathi pila hota and Bombay Hindi piyela tha ... ref Thakela A weak person A local slang used for a person who ... www.hindilanguage.org hindi dialects.asp Dialects of Hindi http mumbai.metblogs.com archives 2005 12 ... more details
Haflong Hindi lang hi is the lingua franca of Dima Hasao district of Assam state of India . ref name Ved Prakash Col Ved Prakash, Encyclopaedia of North east India, Vol 2 , Atlantic Publishers & Distributors Pg 575, ISBN 9788126907045 ref It is a creole language that stemmed from Hindi and included vocabulary from several other languages, such as Bengali language Bengali , Assamese language Assamese , Dimasa language Dimasa and the Zeme Naga dialect. It is named after Haflong , which is the headquarters of Dima Hasao district. Example Phrases The dialect is largely intelligible to Hindi speakers, and features simplified grammar with loanword infusions. ref name Indexp citeweb url http www.indianexpress.com news In this Assam district, Hindi unites 11 tribes 215516 title In this Assam district, Hindi unites 11 tribes accessdate 2008 09 17 publisher Indian Express, September 10, 2007 ref class wikitable Phrase English glosses Meaning tumko mairong leke aayaa I implied you tumko rice mairong tak ing le ke came aayaa I brought you rice. tumraa kuttaa hamko kamraayaa Your tumraa dog kuttaa me hamko bit kamraayaa Your dog bit me. tum kahaan jaaegaa Where kahaan you tum go Fut jaa egaa Where will you go? In contrast to printed forms of Hindi, the Haflong variety lacks person and number agreement in the verb and ergative marking of the subject when transitive clauses are in a preterite or perfect tense. Creole language Many pidgin dialects remain confined to that status, being ... that status. Haflong Hindi demonstrates these signs of standardization and wide adoption. For instance, All India Radio employs it for broadcasts in Dima Hasao, and Hindi speakers including government officials in the region are expected to learn Haflong Hindi. ref name Ved Prakash ref name Indexp Therefore, Haflong Hindi is more correctly classified as a creole language rather than a pidgin. References reflist Category North Cachar Hills district Category Dialects of Hindi Category Dialects ... more details
Italic title Taxobox name Cryptomartus hindi image Palaeotarbus jerami.png fossil range Fossil range 318 299 Late Carboniferous regnum Animal ia phylum Arthropod a classis Arachnid a ordo Trigonotarbida familia Anthracomartidae genus Cryptomartus species C. hindi binomial Cryptomartus hindi binomial authority Reginald Innes Pocock Pocock , 1911 Cryptomartus hindi was a species of trigonotarbid , which is an extinct group of arachnid s whose fossil record extends from the late Silurian to the early Permian . 3 D modeling Scientists at Imperial College London created a detailed 3D computer model of the arachnid from fossils. ref http www.sciencedaily.com releases 2009 08 090804211128.htm ref ref cite web url http rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org content early 2009 07 30 rsbl.2009.0464.abstract title High fidelity X ray micro tomography reconstruction of siderite hosted Carboniferous arachnids publisher Biology Letters date 5 August 2009 accessdate 2009 08 08 ref References Reflist Category Trigonotarbids Category Prehistoric arachnids Category Animals described in 1911 Category Fossil taxa described in 1911 arachnid stub paleo arthropod stub pt Cryptomartus hindi ... more details
Hindi theatre primarily refers to Theatre in India theatre performed in the Hindi language , including dialects such as Khari boli and Hindustani language Hindustani . Hindi theatre is produced mainly in North India , and some parts of West India and Central India, which include Mumbai and Bhopal. Hindi ... century and subsequent playwrights like Jaishankar Prasad , Mohan Rakesh , Hindi theatre came of age in the 1940s and 50s, when IPTA movement created a new brand of theatre practitioners in Hindi speaking ... Han Hansen, p. 75 ref Panned by Hindi litterateurs, Bhartendu and Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi , Parsi ... reaction. ref Han Hansen, p. 77 ref Modern Hindi theatre 1868 and after Early development of modern Hindi theatre can be traced to the work of Bharatendu Harishchandra 1850 1885 , a theatre actor, director, manager, and playwright based in Varanasi Banaras , who is also the father of modern Hindi literature ... the foundation of modern Hindi prose style. Well versed in folk theatre styles and oral literary traditions ... Han Hansen, p. 62 ref ref Han Hansen, p. 78 ref Eventually Bharatendu became director of Hindi Natak ... whose productions were largely funded by himself or at times by Maharaja of Kashi, Hindi theatre ... to take to stage and unlike Marathi theatre of Mumbai or Bengali theatre of Calcutta, Hindi theatre ... in 1931, with Alam Ara , meant outflow of Hindi theatre audience that had already dwindled away after the incursions by Parsi theatre across the Hindi speaking belt. Soon theatre actors, director, writers and technicians followed suit, shifting to Mumbai, the base for Hindi cinema , where the promise ..., p. 380 ref 20th century Hindi theatre received a fresh impetus through Indian People s Theatre ..., to promote performing arts . Another big change in the realm of Hindi theatre was the establishing .... With its principal instruction language being Hindi, and stalwarts like Ebrahim Alkazi and Shanta ... influential director in the post independence period, his Hindi productions of Sanskrit classics, like ... more details
Distinguish2 Hindu literature , the specific literature of the Hindu religious tradition. Hindi literature ... and Adhunik modern . It includes literature in the various Hindi languages which have written forms. History of literature5 Regions and dialects Main Hindi languages Modern Standard Hindi , one of the official ... hindi.org snibandh hindi diwas samvidhan me hindi.htm Hindi in Constitution ref is only the basis of modern literature, from the 19th century. Earlier Hindi literature was based on other Hindi languages , including the dialects of Braj Bhasha , Bundeli , Awadhi language Awadhi , Kannauji , and Khariboli in Devnagari script. In addition, regional Hindi languages such as Marwari language ... considered a variety of Bihari languages Bihari and thus a dialect of Hindi. ref http languages.iloveindia.com hindi.html Hindi literature ref History History of literature Adi kaal or Veer Gatha kaal 1050 to 1375 In the ancient period of Hindi or Adi Kaal before 1400 Common Era CE , Hindi literature was developed in the states of Kannauj , Delhi , Ajmer , stretching up to central India, modern Madhya Pradesh . ref http charm.cs.uiuc.edu bhatele hindihindi intro.htm Introduction to Hindi University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign ref Delhi was ruled by Prithviraj Chauhan ... Raso , which was considered one of the first works in the History of Hindi Literature. Kannauj ... Buddhist cult. Many argue that the language of Siddha poetry is not earlier Hindi, but Magadhi ... can be considered as proto Hindi literature. Many Deccani experts like Sheikh Ashraf or Mulla ... to call it Deccani. Shah Buharnuddin Janam Bijapuri used to call it Hindi. The first Deccani author ... and Gorakhnath became famous. The earliest form of Hindi can also be seen in some of Vidyapati s Maithili language Literature Maithili works. Bhakti Kaal 1375 to 1700 The medieval Hindi ... element became predominant in Hindi literature. This era is called Riti meaning procedure because ... more details
Infobox language name Hindi Urdu image Hindustani0804.png imagesize 150px imagecaption imageheader Script ... Hindi 180 million India 1991 . Urdu 48 million India 1997 , 11 million Pakistan 1993 . Ethnologue ... Hindi 1999 , 45 million Urdu 1999 . Ethnologue 16. ref br Total 490 million 2006 ref http www.bbc.co.uk ... Hindi fam6 Khariboli stand1 Standard Hindi stand2 Standard Urdu dia1 Dakhni dialect Dakhni script Devanagari script , br Perso Arabic script nation IND as Standard HindiHindi and Standard Urdu Urdu br PAK as Standard Urdu Urdu agency Central Hindi Directorate Hindi, India , ref The Central Hindi Directorate regulates the use of Devanagari script and Hindi spelling in India . Source http hindinideshalaya.nic.in hindi introduction.html Central Hindi Directorate Introduction ref br National Language ...,urd lc1 hin ld1 Hindi lc2 urd ld2 Urdu lingua 59 AAF qa to qf notice IPA Hindi Urdu Devanagari ... fl faculty taj hindi abturdu.htm title About Hindi Urdu publisher North Carolina State University ... language , with two official forms, Standard Hindi and Standard Urdu , ref name nunley1999 Citation ... Hindi and Urdu are all but indistinguishable, and even the official standards are nearly identical ... retaining stronger Persian, Central Asian and Arabic influences, and Hindi relying more heavily ... book result&ct result&resnum 9 v onepage&q urdu 20heavy 20persian&f false Hindi by Yamuna Kachru ref ref http books.google.co.uk books?id xzljvnQ1vAC&pg PA175&lpg PA175&dq hindi in perso arabic script ..., Urdu and Hindi were synonymous all covered what would be called Urdu and Hindi today. ref name ... used for several divergent dialects of the varieties of HindiHindi languages spoken outside of the Subcontinent ... language but only as a dialect of Hindi with admixture of Persian language Persian . He continued ... declined, being largely replaced by Hindi and Urdu , or Hindi Urdu when either of those was too ... Hindi or Urdu. Modern Standard Urdu Main Standard Urdu Urdu is the national language of Pakistan ... more details
The Central Hindi Directorate Kendriya Hindi Nideshalaya , New Delhi is the department, under the Ministry of Human Resource Development India , responsible for promotion of Standard Hindi . It also regulates the use of Devanagari script and Hindi spelling in India . ref http hindinideshalaya.nic.in hindi introduction.html Central Hindi Directorate Introduction ref References reflist See also Grammar of Modern Standard Hindi External links http hindinideshalaya.nic.in Central Hindi Directorate official site Category Language regulators Hindi Category Hindi Category Ministry of Human Resource Development India Category Organisations based in Delhi edu org stub hi ... more details
The word Mamta has a meaning approximating to Motherly feeling in most Indian languages . It is the name of as many as five Hindi language films. The earliest Hindi film to bear this name was a 1936 black and white film directed by Franz Osten and starring Devika Rani . This was followed by films in 1942, 1952 and 1965, none of which made much impact. The fifth and latest production to bear this name was the 1966 film starring Suchitra Sen which proved a phenomenal hit. References Mamta 1936 film http www.imdb.com title tt0027934 Mamta 1936 IMDB Mamta 1942 film http www.imdb.com title tt0454195 Mamta 1942 IMDB Mamta 1952 film http www.imdb.com title tt0215963 Mamta 1952 IMDB Mamta 1965 film http www.imdb.com title tt0236469 Mamta 1965 IMDB Mamta 1966 film http www.imdb.com title tt0060659 Mamta 1966 IMDB Hindi film stub Category Indian films Category Hindi language films ... more details
The modern Hindi language and Urdu language are mutually intelligible in spoken form, but use different scripts when written. As such the history of Bible translations into Hindi and Urdu is closely linked, with the early translators of Hindoosthani simply producing the same version with different fonts. The first translation of part of the Bible in Hindi, Genesis, was made in manuscript by Benjamin ... from London. According to Dr L.S. Varshaney, the first translation of the Bible in Hindi appeared ... in Halle in 1745 along with a grammar of the local Hindi language he had encountered in Madras. Hindi ... early stage of the Hindi Bible rests with the work of William Carey missionary William Carey ..., Oriya, Sanskrit, Hindi, Marathi, and Assamese and parts of it into 29 other languages. ref Carey attracted also the interest of Henry Martyn , later of Persia, to Hindi. ref Indian church history ..., frail Cambridge scholar, Henry Martyn fired by the vision of translating the Bible into Hindi ... at the seminary in Allahabad and completed a monumental grammar on the Hindi language in 1875 ref headed three translators working on translation of the Old Testament into Hindi, including William Hooper ... a triad of translators of the Old Testament into Hindi. So highly did his colleagues regard his knowledge ... s Hindi Grammar 1876, 1893 is still consulted today. ref Jeffrey Cox Imperial fault lines Christianity and colonial power in India 2002 Page 57 Their Presbyterian colleague Samuel Kellogg s Hindi ... Greaves of the London Missionary Society , and author of a Grammar of Modern Hindi 1896, 1908, 1921 , in 1917 signalled his concerns about the adequacy of Hindi Bible translations in his Report on Protestant Hindi Christian literature . ref Tej K. Bhatia A History of the Hindi Grammatical Tradition ... of the Bible into Hindi, utmost attention is paid to the problems of translating English into Hindi ... by language Hindi ... more details
Summary album cover fur REQUIRED Article Handmade Hindi Zahra album Use Infobox HIGHLY RECOMMENDED Source www.hindi zahra.com ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Name Handmade Artist Hindi Zahra Label EMI Graphic Artist Item Type Website Owner Commentary OVERRIDE FIELDS Description Portion No Low resolution Yes Purpose For use in infobox of album Replaceability other information Licensing Non free album cover ... more details
Persian language Persian 1837 Hindi and Urdu granted equal status 1900 Urdu declared sole national language in Pakistan 1948 Hindi granted official precedence over Urdu in the Republic of India 1950 The Hindi Urdu controversy is an ongoing dispute dating back to the 19th century regarding the establishment ... was artificially created during Muslim rule. citation needed date December 2011 Standard HindiHindi and Urdu are literary register sociolinguistics register s of the Khariboli dialect of the Hindi ... Persian with Urdu written in Perso Arabic script as the official standard of Hindi speaking Northern ... witnessed the eruption of the Hindi Urdu controversy in North Western Provinces North Western provinces and Oudh with Hindi and Urdu protagonists advocating the official use of Hindustani with the Devanagari script or with the Persian script, respectively. Hindi movements advocating the growth .... In 1900, the Government issued a decree granting symbolic equal status to both Hindi and Urdu which was opposed by Muslim s and received with jubilation by Hindu s. Hindi and Urdu started to diverge linguistically, with Hindi drawing on Sanskrit as the primary source for formal and academic vocabulary ... in the Indian Independence Movement , Hindi in Devanagari script along with English replaced ... a period of time developed into a distinct spoken language. Hindi also developed from Khariboli, albeit ... to the increasing divergence of Hindi and Urdu. The Muslim rulers chose to write Urdu in Persian script ... between Hindus who chose to write Hindi Urdu in Devanagari script and Muslims and some Hindus who chose to write the same in Persian script. The development of Hindi movements in the late nineteenth ... book, Language, Religion and Politics in North India , Cquote The Hindi Urdu controversy by its very ... in Persian script instead of Hindi in Devanagari script was chosen to replace Persian. ref name Paul ... policy in North India in the 1860s. While the then government encouraged both Hindi and Urdu as a medium ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 border 0 cellspacing 0 cellpadding 5 align center width 100 class wikitable style margin 1em auto 1em auto align left valign top English align left valign top Hindi align left valign top Hindi align left valign top Comment Computer br abhikalitra br sa ga aka HTML atip h y a sa ketan bh . . . is also acceptable. PHP . . p . c.p There is no translation for the full form of PHP which is the recursive abbreviation PHP Hypertext Preprocessor as yet and thus a phonetic translation . . is acceptable. Java Sun Java j v Wikipedia vikip iy Website j lapatra References references Category Translation Category Hindi ... more details
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