Recycling Extendedproducerresponsibility EPR is a strategy designed to promote the integration of environmental .... ref OECD 2001 . ExtendedProducerResponsibility A Guidance Manual for Governments. Paris, France ... them on a national level. ExtendedProducerResponsibility for Electronics ExtendedProducerResponsibility ... of recycling hazardous electronics, ExtendedProducerResponsibility laws across the country are demanding ... impact or recycling under ExtendedProducerResponsibility laws, there are many positive consequences ... www.eprworkinggroup.org ref ExtendedProducerResponsibility has the potential to alter the industry ... techniques for electronics, ExtendedProducerResponsibility laws could increase the cost of electronics ... Protection Agency. ref A life cycle perspective is also taken in ExtendedProducerResponsibility ... Yasuhiko coauthors Milind Kandlikar year 2007 title Assessing ExtendedProducerResponsibility ... Young first3 John title ExtendedProducerResponsibility A Materials Policy for the 21st Century url ... est 00 apr hanis.html Is ExtendedProducerResponsibility Effective External links http www.productpolicy.org ... http milieu.defolter.nl English Note EPR 20071114s.pdf ExtendedProducerResponsibility in the EEE ... Responsibility Recycling at the Sierra Club waste DEFAULTSORT ExtendedProducerResponsibility Category ... to reduce toxicity and waste. ref Sierra Club. ProducerResponsibility Recycling. http www.sierraclub.org ... may also choose to delegate this responsibility to a third party, a so called producerresponsibility ... and safe handling of the remains of their products. ref Hanisch, C. 2000 . Is ExtendedProducerResponsibility Effective?. Environ Sci Technol, 34 7 , pp.170 A 175 A. ref A good example for producer ... has evolved into a proven concept in many countries as implementation of ProducerResponsibility ... the United States does not currently have a national law or policy requiring producerresponsibility, many states have already passed laws requiring producerresponsibility and many others are currently ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Cleanup date December 2007 The ProducerResponsibility Obligations Packaging Waste Regulations 2007 , which originally came into effect at the end of August 1997 in Great Britain and in 1999 in Northern Ireland , was the first producerresponsibility legislation in the UK. The Packaging Waste Regulations work on the principle of Collective ProducerResponsibility enforcing producers of packaging to take responsibility for their environmental impact. The Regulations require obligated producers to pay a proportion of the cost of the recovery and recycling of their packaging. Once you know your obligation, you must demonstrate that your company has paid for the recovery and recycling of the required amount of packaging. This is achieved through the Packaging Waste Recovery Note PRN System. Under the Packaging Waste Regulations the so called packaging chain is divided into four activities, each with a different percentage responsibility Packaging activities raw material manufacturer 6 Manufacturing of packaging raw material, e.g. manufacturer of steel for baked beans cans. converter 9 Manufacturing of a recognised packaging item, e.g. manufacturer of the steel can for the baked beans. packer filler 37 Putting a product into packaging or applying packaging to a product, e.g. the company which fills the can with baked beans. seller 48 Supplying the packaging to the end user of that packaging, e.g. the supermarket which sells the baked bean can to the consumer. OR The wholesaler who sells boxed cans of beans would have the selling obligation on the boxes removed by the supermarket. importer rolled up obligation Companies who directly import packaging, packaged ... waste regulations and ProducerResponsibility Obligations on NetRegs.gov.uk http www.opsi.gov.uk si si2005 20053468.htm ProducerResponsibility Obligations Packaging Waste Regulations 2005 http tagpack.treesaregreen.co.uk ... Veolia ES UK Ltd Information on ProducerResponsibility Compliance Schemes Category Waste legislation ... more details
wiktionary Responsibility may refer to Collective responsibility Cabinet collective responsibility , a constitutional Convention in Governments using the Westminster System Corporate responsibility Corporate social responsibility Declaration of Human Duties and Responsibilities , a UNESCO declaration proclaimed in 1998 Diffusion of responsibility Diminished responsibility Individual responsibility moral responsibility as applied to or by individuals Legal liability Media responsibility Ministerial responsibility , a constitutional convention guiding Cabinet ministers within Westminster style political systems Moral responsibility a set of concepts in ethics Professional responsibilityResponsibility assumption in spirituality and personal growth contexts Responsibility song , a song by the Christian punk band MxPx Single responsibility principle Social responsibility Statue of Responsibility , a structure proposed for erection on the western coast of the United States of America See also Accountability Blame Moral hazard Disambig Category Sociological terms fr Responsabilit it Responsabilit sv Ansvar ... more details
wiktionarypar producerProducer may refer to An occupation Executive producer , supervises one or more Producers Film producer , oversees the making of films Line producer , manages the budget and or day to day running of a film production Hip hop producer , creates hip hop music using electronic instruments Impresario , a producer or manager in the theater and music industries Producer agriculture , a farm operator Radio producer , oversees the making of a radio show Record producer , or musical event producer, in the music industry Television producer , oversees the making of television programs Theatrical producer , oversees the staging of theatre productions Video game producer , produces computer and console games Web producer , oversees the management of web sites Online producer , oversees the making of content for web sites Others Autotroph , an organism that synthesizes energy rich organic compounds The Producer , an episode of Gilligan s Island Producer, in economics, an individual or organization that creates goods or services see Production, costs, and pricing See also Production disambiguation The Producers disambiguation disambig ar bg ca Productor cs Producent da Producer de Produzent es Productor fr Producteur it Produttore he lv Producents lb Produzent mk nl Producer ro Produc tor sq Producenti sl Producent sr fi Tuottaja sv Producent tr Yap mc uk zh ... more details
Infobox Television episode Title The Producer Series Gilligan s Island Image Caption Season 3 Episode 72 Airdate October 3, 1966 Production 0512 Writer Dee Caruso and br Gerald Gardner Director George Cahan and br Ida Lupino Guests Phil Silvers Episode list Prev Pass the Vegetables, Please Next Voodoo Gilligan s Island Voodoo The Producer is the fourth episode of the third season of Gilligan s Island , in which the castaways stage a musical version of Hamlet . It first aired in on October 3, 1966. Synopsis After curmudgeonly film producer Harold Hecuba Phil Silvers crash lands near the island during an around the world talent hunt, the castaways are forced to tolerate him until his rescue plane arrives. When Ginger Grant Ginger asks him for a role in his next movie however, Mr. Hecuba laughs at the idea, causing Ginger to become so upset that she refuses to return to civilization with the rest of the castaways. Hoping to change Mr. Hecuba s mind, Gilligan fictional character Gilligan suggests that they perform a play for Mr. Hecuba so that he might reconsider Ginger s talent and ultimately decide to use her in a movie. From the limited resources available on the island, they create a musical version of William Shakespeare s Hamlet. The cast performs three songs for their show. These parody the To be or not to be speech of Act III, Scene 1 the Get thee to a nunnery exchange between Hamlet and Ophelia later in the same scene, and Polonius s Neither a borrower nor a lender be speech from Act I, Scene III. The episode employs dialog taken directly from the original work and musical passages from the operas Carmen and The Tales of Hoffmann . ref name foster cite book title How to Read Literature Like a Professor A Lively and Entertaining Guide to Reading Between the Lines url ... ref Reception Although the show Gilligan s Island seldom earned awards of any sort, The Producer ... publisher Running Press isbn 0 7624 3007 9 pages 185 ref References reflist DEFAULTSORT Producer ... more details
unreferenced date February 2009 Infobox Single See Wikipedia WikiProject Songs Name Responsibility Cover Caption Artist MxPx from Album The Ever Passing Moment A side B side Released 2000 Format Vinyl record Vinyl Recorded Genre Pop punk Length 2 40 Label A&M Records A&M Writer Producer Jerry Finn Certification Chart position Last single The Broken Bones br 2000 This single Responsibility br 2000 Next single Everything Sucks When You re Gone br 2004 Misc Responsibility is a song by pop punk band MxPx . It was released in 2000 and appeared on their sixth album The Ever Passing Moment and was a minor radio hit, peaking at 24 on the Billboard Modern Rock chart. The video, which is directed by The Malloys , features Mike, Tom, and Yuri messing around and causing mayhem while caddying at a golf course, and also includes an appearance by Cheers star George Wendt . The song was featured in the Daria Television Movie Is It Fall Yet? . MxPx Category MxPx songs Category 2000 singles punk song stub ... more details
Parental responsibility Parental responsibility access and custody , in the European Union, refers to the bundle of rights and privileges that children have with their parents and significant others as the basis of their relationship Parental responsibility criminal , in Canada and the United States, refers to the potential liability that parents may incur for the acts and omissions of their children See also Parent Legal guardian disambig ... more details
Intellectual responsibility , sometimes referred to as epistemic responsibility , is a philosophical concept related to that of epistemic justification . ref Ash, T http www.philosofiles.com epistemology intellectual responsibility the concept responsibility justification and knowledge Responsibility, justification and knowledge , Intellectual Responsibility ref According to Frederick F. Schmitt, the conception of justified belief as epistemically responsible belief has been endorsed by a number of philosophers, including Roderick Chisholm 1977 , Hilary Kornblith 1983 , and Lorraine Code 1983 . ref Schmitt, F Epistemic Perspectivism , in Heil ed. , Rationality, Morality and Self Interest Essays Honoring Mark Carl Overvold Rowman and Littlefield, 1993 ref A separate concept was introduced by the linguist and public intellectual Noam Chomsky in an essay published as a special supplement by The New York Review of Books on 23 February 1967, entitled The Responsibility of Intellectuals . Chomsky argues that intellectuals should make themselves responsible for searching for the truth and the exposing of lies. Notes Reflist See also Intellectual rigor Justified true belief External links http www.nybooks.com articles 12172 The Responsibility of Intellectuals Noam Chomsky s essay, referred to above http www.philosofiles.com epistemology intellectual responsibility Intellectual Responsibility a graduate thesis epistemology Category Critical thinking Category Concepts in epistemology Category Ethical principles ... more details
for other types of responsibilityResponsibility disambiguation Unreferenced date December 2009 Media responsibility is a term for the belief that mass media have a basic responsibility to help strengthen and support democratic processes. Although this is a Subjectivity subjective concept, hard to define, arguments have been made for newspapers, television, radio, and perhaps types of Internet communication to act as a government wikt watchdog watchdog , as a gatekeeper and instrument to disseminate necessary information, and more popularly, as a reflection of cultural interests and trends. Because the news media typically amplifies popular backlash against unpopular groups during a moral panic , advocates of media responsibility also call for media outlets to refrain from sensationalizing related incidents. Otherwise, the resulting public outrage might manifest in ill conceived legislation against a folk devil or in popular vigilantism against the persecuted. DEFAULTSORT Media Responsibility Category Journalism ethics Category Mass media ... more details
Globalize date October 2011 discuss Talk Area of responsibility Globalize Area Of Responsibility AOR is a pre defined geographic region assigned to a Combatant commander s of the Unified Combatant Command Unified Command Plan UCP , that are used to define an area with specific geographic boundaries where they have the authority to plan and conduct operations for which a force, or component commander bears a certain responsibility. The term may also be used in other countries worldwide but it originated within the United States armed forces . This system is designed to allow a single commander to exercise command and control of all military forces in the AOR, regardless of their branch of service. The President of the United States signed the U.S. Unified Command Plan UCP 2008 on December 17, 2008, establishing the up to date boundaries for the newest Command, United States Africa Command USAFRICOM , and all changes to boundaries of the other Commands ref DefenseLINK Unified Command Plan, http www.defense.gov specials unifiedcommand images unified command world map.jpg The World with Commanders Area of Responsibility . Retrieved 12 29 2009. ref . Combatant commanders may designate theaters of war, theaters of operation, combat zones, and communications zones. force commander Joint force commander s may define additional operational areas or joint areas to assist in the coordination and execution of joint operations . The size of these areas and the types of forces used depend on the scope, nature, and projected duration of the operation. ref name MCDP 1 0 U.S. Marine Corps Doctrinal ... level of war. Combatant commanders are assigned an area of responsibility in the Unified ... the combatant commander s entire area of responsibility. Theater of operations , a sub area within a theater ... for operations over extended periods of time. Combat zone , areas required by combat forces ... references DEFAULTSORT Area Of Responsibility Category Military slang and jargon no Ansvarsomr de ... more details
Original research article date July 2007 Responsibility assumption is a concept in the personal growth field holding that each individual has substantial or total Moral responsibilityresponsibility for the events ..., the concept of responsibility assumption posits that the individual s mental contribution to his or her ... to the present outcome. The norm of our medical system seems to downplay responsibility assumption and the understanding ... expressions. The term responsibility assumption thus has a specialized meaning beyond the general concept of taking responsibility for something, and is not to be confused with the general notion of making an assumption that a concept such as responsibility exists. In particular the general ... or apportioning blame for an event responsibility assumption is thought of as suggesting a greater ... of personal responsibility postulated The main variable within various interpretations of the responsibility ... or her own experience, ranging from partial but substantial to total responsibility. Partial but substantial responsibility In its forms positing less than total responsibility, the doctrine appears ... that befall us, but we can at least control our attitudes toward them. Total responsibility In its more ... sufficient responsibility is assigned to the individual that their thoughts or mental attitudes ... of thought subscribing to the doctrine of responsibility assumption that would support these propositions and more. ref Espouse total responsibility http www.mrfire.com article archives new ... display content.jsp?top 21&mid 80&bottom 124&siteObjectID 368 this site states Responsibility ... est seminars popularized the doctrine responsibility assumption in the 1970s although they did not explicitly ..., while responsibility assumption posits more of an immediate link between the experience desired and the outcome ... have belief systems that incorporate doctrinal elements similar to responsibility assumption. Citation ... explicitly expressed in works such as A Course in Miracles . In popular culture The theme of responsibility ... more details
The Statue of Responsibility is a proposed structure to be built on the West Coast of the United States . The prototype, sculpted by project artist Gary Lee Price , consists of a pair of clasped hands oriented vertically, symbolizing the responsibility that comes with liberty . The Statue of Responsibility was suggested first by scholar Viktor Frankl in his book Man s Search for Meaning . He recommended that the Statue of Liberty on the East Coast of the United States East Coast should be supplemented by a Statue of Responsibility on the West Coast. His wrote Freedom, however, is not the last word. Freedom is only part of the story and half of the truth. Freedom is but the negative aspect of the whole phenomenon whose positive aspect is responsibleness. In fact, freedom is in danger of degenerating into mere arbitrariness unless it is lived in terms of responsibleness. ref Viktor Frankl Frankl ... news article 21e93a1f 94db 5533 9e5c 0560fff08972.html Statue of Responsibility, DAILY HERALD. Retrieved, July 8, 2009. ref Plans The project is being managed by the non profit Statue of Responsibility ... of the Statue of Responsibility. ref Moyer, Justin. 8 April 2010 . http www.washingtonpost.com ... to build Statue of Responsibility . Washington Post . Accessed 3 September 2011. ref 2010 also saw the Statue of Responsibility Foundation sign a strategic alliance with a large volunteer organization, the National Exchange Club . ref Statue of Responsibility Foundation Newsletter 26, 11 June 2010 ... of the Statue of Liberty into the Statue of Responsibility. Erected on an island Total height ... External links http www.sorfoundation.org Statue of Responsibility Foundation http sfreporter.com articles ... kennethlinge.squarespace.com kenneth linges journal 2008 12 27 statue of responsibility gary lee price.html Photography of Statue of Responsibility & Gary Lee Price. Gary working on the 13 ft ... steel. Retrieved, July 8, 2009. Fox 13 Report http www.fox13now.com news kstu statue of responsibility ... more details
Orphan date January 2011 cleanup date September 2010 A responsibility center is an organization unit that is headed by a manager who is responsible for its activities and results. ref Anthony, R. The Management Control Function, Boston, HBS, 1988, p.64. ref Description An organization unit can be considered a responsibility center if it has a manager it has its own objectives guiding its activities and the manager has control over the resources needed to pursue the objectives. ref Jordan, H., Neves, J.C., Rodrigues, J.A. O Controlo de Gest o 6 Edi o, Lisbon, reas Editora, 2005, p.300, ISBN 972 8472 88 9. ref A decentralized environment results in highly dispersed decision making. As a result, it is imperative to monitor and judge the effectiveness of each manager. This is easier said than done. Not all departments Centers can be evaluated on the same basis because some do not generate any revenue they only incur costs in support of some necessary function. Other Centers that deliver goods and services have the potential to be assessed on the basis of profit generation. As a generalization, the part of an organization under the control of a manager is termed a responsibility center. To aid performance evaluation it is first necessary to consider the specific character of each responsibility center. Some responsibility centers are cost centers and others are profit centers. On a broader scale, some are considered to be investment centers. The logical method of assessment will differ based on the core nature of the responsibility center. basic devices are essential to a well managed organization. Managers must be held accountable for the results of their decisions and related ... with their area of responsibility. The area of responsibility can be a department, product ... of responsibility will mirror the organizational structure of the firm. This is especially true in organizations ... of responsibility centers There are four types of responsibility centers, according to the nature ... more details
Responsibility , in the context of the law , may refer to A measure of mental capacity, used in deciding the extent to which a person can be held accountable for a crime see diminished responsibility . Specific duties imposed upon persons to care or provide for others, such as the parents duty to the child or the guardianship of a ward law ward . A person s role in causing an event to happen. A chain of causation means an individual is responsible for an event. This is part of the law of legal liability and public liability . Disambig ... more details
for other types of responsibilityResponsibility disambiguation Unreferenced date June 2007 main Professional ethics Professional responsibility Professional responsibility is the area of legal practice that encompasses the duties of Lawyer attorneys to act in a professional manner, obey the law, avoid conflicts of interest , and put the interests of clients ahead of their own interests. Professional responsibility violations in general Common violations include Conflicts of interest. This occurs where the same lawyer or firm is representing both sides in a lawsuit, or previously represented one side. In countries with the adversarial system of justice, a conflict of interest violates the right of each client to the undivided, zealous loyalty of his lawyer. Conflicts may also occur if the lawyer s ability to represent a client is materially limited by the lawyer s loyalty to another client, a personal relationship, or other reasons. Incompetent representation. Attorneys have a duty to provide competent representation, and the failure to observe deadlines or conduct thorough research is considered a breach of ethics. Mishandling of client money. Clients often advance money to lawyers for a variety of reasons. The money must be kept in special client trust accounts until it is actually ... and other misleading assertions regarding potential results. Professional responsibility in the United ... as an upper level course, most often taken in the second year. Professional Responsibility courses ... misconduct . Examinations concerning professional responsibility Every state in the United States tests prospective attorneys on their knowledge of professional responsibility. 47 states ... Responsibility Exam MPRE . The remaining three states test professional responsibility on their local ... variations from the Model Rules, if any. Attorneys who violate professional responsibility rules may ... negligence in English Law Category United States professional responsibility case law Category ... more details
for other types of responsibilityResponsibility disambiguation no footnotes date February 2010 Social responsibility is an ethics ethical ideology or theory that an entity , be it an organization or individual , has an obligation to act to benefit society at large. Social responsibility is a duty every ... of the society and environment. Social responsibility means sustaining the equilibrium between ... the environment. ref Perceptions and Definitions of Social Responsibility http inni.pacinst.org inni corporate social responsibility standards definitions.pdf, p.1. ref This responsibility can be passive ... argue that Corporate social responsibility CSR distracts from the fundamental economic role of businesses .... Arlington, NY Flat World Knowledge.p.3. ref Student Social Responsibility Student social responsibility or SSR is the responsibility of every student for his her actions. It is morally binding on everyone ... the base for CSR or Corporate Social Responsibility because if everyone in a business organization ... or Christianity great stress has been laid upon individual social responsibility. In the Bhagavad ... and vice versa. Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate Social Responsibility or CSR has been ... social responsibility http www.mallenbaker.net csr definition.php p.6. ref Emerging Normative Status of Social Responsibility Social responsibility as a non binding, or soft law principle has ... social responsibility ISO 26000 Social Responsibility. Due for publication in 2010, this standard will encourage voluntary commitment to social responsibility and will lead to common guidance ... Organization for Standardization. 2009 , Social Responsibility ISO 26000, Web site http www.iso.org sr p.8. ref See also Scuppie Corporate Social Responsibility Social enterprise Social entrepreneurship ... International References references Haynes, T. n.d. . Social Responsibility and Organizational Ethics. Retrieved May 8, 2010, from Answers.com http www.answers.com topic social responsibility ... more details
distinguish Collective guilt For the British Parliamentary discipline Cabinet collective responsibility for other types of responsibilityResponsibility disambiguation Unreferenced date September 2009 Collective responsibility is a concept or doctrine, according to which individuals are to be held responsible for other people s actions by tolerating, ignoring, or harboring them, without actively collaborating in these actions. In religion see also Corporate personality This concept is found in the Old Testament or Tanakh , some examples include the account of the Noah s Ark Flood , the Tower of Babel , Sodom and Gomorrah and in some interpretations, the Book of Joshua s Achan . In those records entire communities were punished on the act of the vast majority of their members, however it is impossible .... The practice of blaming the Jews for Jesus death is the longest example of collective responsibility .... Collective punishment main collective punishment Collective responsibility in the form of collective ..., and hence an individual holds responsibility for what other members of their group have done, even ... , capable of holding guilt or responsibility independent of any of the group s members. Shooting ... Social Responsibility CSR and sustainability mature and converge with the responsibilities of governments and citizens, the term collective responsibility is beginning to be more widely used. In culture The concept of collective responsibility is present in literature, most notably in Samuel ... 1959 film Ben Hur and 1983 s prison drama Bad Boys 1983 film Bad Boys depict collective responsibility and punishment. See also Collective punishment Diffusion of responsibility Frankpledge Frith borh ... last2 first2 authorlink2 editor last editor first editor link date year 2011 month title Responsibility ... postscript External links sep entry collective responsibility Collective Responsibility DEFAULTSORT Collective Responsibility Category Political theories Category Sociology Category Collective punishment ... more details
for other types of responsibilityResponsibility disambiguation Psychology sidebar Diffusion of responsibility ... responsibility for an action or inaction when others are present. Considered a form of attribution ... critical size and when responsibility is not explicitly assigned. It rarely occurs when the person ..., B. 1968 . Bystander intervention in emergencies diffusion of responsibility. Journal of Personality ... . Attributions of responsibility for collective endeavors. Review of Personality and Social Psychology , 8, 167 188. ref Conditions Diffusion of responsibility occurs under both Prosocial behavior prosocial ... of responsibility in a prosocial situation. It has been demonstrated that the likelihood of a person ... of feelings of personal responsibility for the consequences. ref name Mathes E Mathes, E. W. & Kahn, A. 1975 . Diffusion of responsibility and extreme behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 31, 881 886. ref Diffusion of responsibility is also a causal factor governing much crowd .... J. 1964 . Diffusion of responsibility and level of risk taking in groups. Journal of Abnormal and Social ... mind. London Transaction. ISBN 9781560007883. ref Diffusion of responsibility can manifest ... working on a task who lose motivation, feel less responsibility for achievement of group goals ... of responsibility. In 1968 and a series of experiments that followed, John Darley and Bibb ... . Responsibility is divisible by two, but not three or four Judgments of responsibility in dyads ... Bickman L Bickman, L. 1975 . Social influence and diffusion of responsibility in an emergency. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , 8, 438 445. ref In one study, diffusion of responsibility ... behavior positively in the event that one bystander takes responsibility for the situation and takes ... behavior by processes of social influence and diffusion of responsibility. Decision making process ... interpreting cues as signals of an emergency Taking responsibility personally assuming responsibility ... more details
Other uses Responsibility disambiguation Orphan date February 2009 Responsibility is a novel by New Zealand author Nigel Cox author Nigel Cox , published by Victoria University Press in 2005. ref cite news url http www.nzherald.co.nz books news article.cfm?c id 134&objectid 10329105 title Nigel Cox Responsibility work New Zealand Herald accessdate June 11, 2011 author Barton, Chris ref The novel is set in contemporary Berlin , and tells the story of an expatriate New Zealander who, whilst working as a consultant for Germany German museum s, becomes embroiled in criminal activity out of boredom. The novel is notable for combining Hardboiled noir and detective fiction clich s with comedy , as well as having a serious emotional centre. Much of the book s source material is drawn from Nigel Cox s own experiences living in Berlin, and working at the Jewish Museum Berlin Jewish Museum there, between 2000 and 2005. See also portal Novels Nigel Cox author Nigel Cox Dirty Work New Zealand novel Victoria University Press References reflist External links ISBN 978 0864734969 DEFAULTSORT Responsibility Novel Category 2005 novels Category New Zealand novels Category Museums in popular culture Category Berlin culture 2000s novel stub ... more details
refimprove date February 2010 Acceptance of responsibility is a provision in the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines providing for a decrease by 2 or 3 levels in offenders offense level for admitting guilt and otherwise demonstrating behavior consistent with acceptance of responsibility, such as ending criminal conduct and associations. It amounts to a sentence reduction of about 35 . ref citation volume 54 publisher Stan. L. Rev. pages 311 date 2001 2002 title Apprendi and the Dynamics of Guilty Pleas author Bibas, Stephanos url http heinonlinebackup.com hol cgi bin get pdf.cgi?handle hein.journals stflr54§ion 17 ref The 3 level reduction is only available to defendants with an offense level of 16 or greater, and it requires a timely guilty plea. Federal plea agreement s usually include a stipulation that the government will support granting the defendant the acceptance of responsibility reduction. The guideline states, in reference to the 2 level reduction ref name guideline citation url http ... of responsibility for his criminal conduct even though he exercises his U.S. Constitution constitutional ..., a determination that a defendant has accepted responsibility will be based primarily upon pre trial ... influence on the sentence reduction for acceptance of responsibility. ref citation url http www.informaworld.com ... for the Fifth Circuit has held that lack of remorse and acceptance of responsibility can be separate ... of Responsibility The Structure, Implementation, and Reform of Section 3E1.1 of the Federal Sentencing ... hein.journals illlr91§ion 51 ref Some courts use the acceptance of responsibility guideline .... ref citation 78 N.Y.U. L. Rev. pages 2103 year 2003 title Remorse, Responsibility, and Regulating ... has accepted responsibility for his crime is a factual determination to which most ... interests. For several reasons, a defendant who clearly demonstrates acceptance of responsibility ... is appropriately given a lower offense level than a defendant who has not demonstrated acceptance of responsibility ... more details
For the Chain of Responsibility Design Pattern Chain of responsibility pattern Refimprove date July 2007 Rewrite date December 2009 The chain of responsibility is a policy concept used in Australian transport legislation to place legal obligations on parties in the transport supply chain or across transport industries generally. The concept was initially developed to apply in the heavy vehicle industry ... of responsibility concept initially developed out of a recognition that unlawful behaviour by truck ... and regulate the actions of other key parties. Chain of responsibility laws therefore seek to provide ... of responsibility has had an important impact in the transport industry by ensuring that all parties ... States a court examined the chain of responsibility and found McDonald s to be Liebeck ... into the Second Lebanon War considered the chain of responsibility in looking at Ministerial Accountability ..., personal responsibility extends to accountability. Accountability, on the other hand, can turn into personal responsibility when failure at lower levels is the result of a lack of proper supervision ... a chain of responsibility and in case of a failure, the responsibility passes from lower echelons to higher ones. Victorian reforms Transport Legislation Review In recent years, the chain of responsibility ... in safety regulation ... T the legislation does not establish a coherent chain of responsibility ... to affect safety and clearly identifies the roles and the safety chain of responsibility between them. The duties emphasise the responsibility of each participant to take steps as far as reasonably ... 2005. ref The Rail Safety Act which emerged from that process therefore imposes a chain of responsibility .... Accountability at law and sanctions and penalties are allocated according the level of responsibility ... Bill in June 2006 which drew heavily on the Victorian work including its adaption of the chain of responsibility ... Chain of Responsibility Category Core issues in ethics Category Social issues ... more details
for other types of responsibilityResponsibility disambiguation Freedom Moral responsibility usually ..., is a principle concern of ethics . People who have moral responsibility for an action are usually ..., and thus moral responsibility, requires free will. Thus, free will is an important issue in the debate ... can coexist. Society generally holds people Social responsibility responsible for their actions, and will say that they deserve praise or blame for what they do. However, moral responsibility is not necessarily the same as legal responsibility . A person is legally responsible for an event when ... Depending on how a philosopher conceives of free will , they will have different views on moral responsibility ... will and thus moral responsibility. All libertarians are also incompatibilists they think that if causal ... responsibility requires that we could have acted differently. ref cite book last Woolfolk, Robert ... Studies in the Attribution of Moral Responsibility . In Experimental Philosophy . Knobe, Joshua ... 104 ref Jean Paul Sartre suggested that people sometimes avoid incrimination and responsibility by hiding ... Vuoso, G. 1987 Background Responsibility and Excuse, Yale Law Journal , 96, pp. 1680 81 ref ref Cummins ... defense or its corollary, diminished responsibility a sort of appeal to the fallacy of the single cause ... Goldstein, A. M., Morse, S. J. & Shapiro, D. L. 2003 Evaluation of criminal responsibility . In Forensic ... luck is a criticism against the Libertarian conception of moral responsibility. It suggests that any ... of moral responsibility as follows Hath not the potter power over the clay, of the same ... of such cases, that our current notion of moral responsibility is founded on libertarian and Dualism ... responsibility, and the juvenile death penalty . American Psychologist 58, 1009 1018. ref and even ... In each case, the guilty party can, they argue, be said to have less responsibility for his actions ..., jurors interpretations of free will and moral responsibility will move away from the intuitive libertarian ... more details
The laws of state responsibility are the principles governing when and how a Sovereign state state is held Moral responsibility responsible for a breach of an international obligation . Rather than set forth any particular obligations, the rules of state responsibility determine, in general, when an obligation ... rules that address basic issues of responsibility and remedies available for breach of primary ... of the law of state responsibility was not well developed. The position has now changed, with the adoption of the Draft Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts Draft ... doc.asp?symbol A 56 10 28SUPP 29 Draft Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally ... special rules of responsibility. History Traditionally, the term state responsibility referred only to state responsibility for injuries to Alien law aliens . It included not only secondary issues ... by the League of Nations and private bodies to codify the rules of state responsibility reflected the traditional focus on responsibility for injuries to aliens. ref See Y. Matsui, The Transformation of the Law of State Responsibility 1993 20 Thesaurus Acroasium 1. ref The League s 1930 Codification ... and develop the rules of state responsibility have continued throughout the life of the United Nations ... responsibility concerning matters such as detention and physical ill treatment of aliens and their right ... regime of legal responsibility, which the rules of state responsibility have taken on, is an inception ... tradition. Codification The topic of state responsibility was one of the first 14 areas provisionally ... Law Commission 277, at 281. ref When the ILC listed the topic for codification in 1953, state responsibility ... view that state responsibility encompasses the breach of an international obligation. ref http untreaty.un.org ... on state responsibility, F.V. Garc a Amador of Cuba , appointed in 1955 noted, It would be difficult ... on International Responsibility http untreaty.un.org ilc publications yearbooks Ybkvolumes 28e ... more details
for other types of responsibilityResponsibility disambiguation citations missing date December 2007 Criminal defenses In criminal law , diminished responsibility or diminished capacity is a potential ... 830 , stated, the defense of diminished responsibility ...was first recognized by Scotland Scottish ... see s50 Children and Young Persons Act 1933 , and his mental responsibility for his acts was substantially ... be no defense of diminished capacity, diminished responsibility, or irresistible impulse ... citation needed date December 2010 English law For the full page, see diminished responsibility ... conditions falling within diminished responsibility. In HM Advocate v Savage 1923 JC 49 Robert Munro ... not amounting to, insanity that there must be a mind so affected that responsibility is diminished from full responsibility to partial responsibility. In other words, the prisoner in question must be only ... version of the test for diminished responsibility and the various factors mentioned by Lord ... responsibility required the existence of an abnormality of mind which had the effect that the accused ... to the law on insanity and diminished responsibility ref http www.scotlawcom.gov.uk downloads rep195.pdf Scottish Law Commission Report on Insanity and Diminished Responsibility, 2004 ref Australia and India At present, Diminished Responsibility exists as a statutory partial defence in most Australian ... in United States law Notes reflist References Boland, F, Diminished Responsibility as a Defence in Irish Law , 1995 5 Irish Criminal Law Journal 193. Boland, F, Diminished Responsibility as a Defence .... Dell, S, Diminished Responsibility Reconsidered , 1982 CLR 809. Griew, E, Reducing Murder to Manslaughter Whose Job? 1986 12 Journal of Medical Ethics 18. Griew, E, The Future of Diminished Responsibility , 1988 CLR 75. Scottish Law Commission. Discussion Paper on Insanity and Diminished Responsibility ... Diminished Responsibility Category Criminal defenses Category Mental health law Category Forensic ... more details
The responsibility to protect RtoP or R2P is a norm or set of principles based on the idea that sovereignty is not a privilege, but a responsibility. RtoP focuses on preventing and halting four crimes ... of Genocide, http www.un.org preventgenocide adviser mandate.shtml ref The responsibility to protect can be thought of as having three parts. A State has a responsibility to protect its population from ... is unable to protect its population on its own, the international community has a responsibility to assist ... and peaceful measures are not working, the international community has the responsibility to intervene ... 2001, the ICISS released its report, The Responsibility to Protect. Building on the idea that sovereignty is a responsibility, the report outlined that the international community has the responsibility ... cause of the mass atrocities. ref http www.iciss.ca pdf Commission Report.pdf Responsibility to Protect ... the concept that the international community has a responsibility to intervene in crisis situations ... crimes only and to whom the responsibility actually falls i.e. nations first, regional and international ... has the responsibility to protect its populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity. This responsibility entails the prevention of such crimes, including their incitement, through appropriate and necessary means. We accept that responsibility and will act in accordance ... this responsibility and support the United Nations in establishing an early warning capability. p 139. The international community, through the United Nations, also has the responsibility to use ... Assembly to continue consideration of the responsibility to protect populations from genocide ... Implementing the Responsibility to Protect . This report argued for the implementation of RtoP and outlined the three principles of RtoP. 1. Principle One stresses that States have the primary responsibility ... Three focuses on the responsibility of international community to take timely and decisive action ... more details
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