About the language Infobox language name Esperanto image File Flag of Esperanto.svg 120px border caption Flag of Esperanto creator L. L. Zamenhof date 1887 setting International auxiliary language speakers Native Esperanto speakers Native 200 to 1000 1996, est. others 10,000 to 2,000,000 fam2 International ... phonology from Slavic languages agency Akademio de Esperanto iso1 eo iso2 epo iso3 epo Esperanto Audio Eo Esperanto.ogg Esperanto is the most widely spoken constructed language constructed international auxiliary language . Its name derives from Doktoro EsperantoEsperanto translates as one who hopes , the pseudonym under which L. L. Zamenhof published the first book detailing Esperanto, the Unua ... languages. Estimates of Esperanto speakers range from 10,000 to two million active or fluent speakers. Esperanto has Native Esperanto speakers native speakers , that is, people who learned Esperanto from their parents as one of their native languages. Esperanto is spoken in about 115 countries ... of Esperanto speakers http www.pasportaservo.org monda mapo worldwide . ref The first World Congress of Esperanto was organized in France in 1905. Since then congresses have been held in various ... has adopted Esperanto official language officially , Esperanto was recommended by the French Academy of Sciences in 1921 and was recognized by UNESCO in 1954. In 2007 Esperanto was the 32nd language ..., Assessment CEFR . ref Official http edukado.net ekzamenoj referenckadro European CEFR papers in Esperanto . ref When counting Wikipedia articles, Esperanto is the 26th language. ref http meta.wikimedia.org ... on 10 02 2011 ref Worldwide, there are 6,912 recognized languages. Esperanto is currently the language ... in San Marino . There is evidence that learning Esperanto may provide a superior foundation for learning ... foreign languages Citation needed date February 2011 . History Main History of Esperanto File Unua Libro.jpg thumb left The first Esperanto book by L. L. Zamenhof Esperanto was created in the late 1870s ... more details
wiktionarypar EsperantoEsperanto is an International auxiliary language . But the term may also refer to Esperanto band Esperanto band , a 1970s progressive rock band Esperanto, an album and a song on that album of Freundeskreis , a German band Esperanto, a music track from the album Remastered Tracks Rockman Zero PHYSIS disambig es Esperanto desambiguaci n eo Esperanto apartigilo fr Esp ranto homonymie ko nl Esperanto ja pt Esperanto desambigua o ... more details
Unreferenced date September 2009 Esperanto sidebar expanded Services Encyclopedia of Esperanto may refer to three different attempts of creating an encyclopedia of all Esperanto topics. A modern version of this might be the eo C4 88efpa C4 9Do Vikipedio Esperanto Wikipedia Esperanto Language Wikipedia or the Enciklopedio Kalblanda . The 1934 Encyclopedia The most commonly known Encyclopedia of Esperanto is an encyclopedia of the Esperantujo Esperanto Movement that appeared in two editions of Literatura Mondo Literary World in Budapest in 1934. A reprint was published in Hungary by the Hungarian Esperanto Association in 1979 and 1986. A majority of the original articles in this encyclopedia have been made into Wikipedia articles in the Esperanto language Wikipedia. The 1913 Encyclopedia The previous Encyclopedia of Esperanto was published several times before the 1933 version. In 1913 Peter Stojan proposed a Universal Monograph Encyclopedia Esperanto Universala Slipa Enciklopedio , which would be continuously published with separate monographs for each subject. The first five monographs The Encyclopedia and its future , Kinematic theory on time , the hymn La Espero , Transcription of proper names , and Gathering , a poem by L. Levenzon were published at that time. Ariadne s Thread In 1917, in Petrograd , Vladim r Szmurlo published another encyclopedia called Ariadne s Thread , with mere references as A first try of an Encyclopedia of Esperantism with a firm belief that out of that person ... a seed will grow a huge tree of the Universal Esperanto Encyclopedia. The first pages 1&ndash 88 were printed in Riga . Due to military circumstances, the next pages of the book appeared ... 1 encikl.htm The Encyclopedia of Esperanto , The 1933&ndash 1934 Encyclopedia of Esperanto in its original form. DEFAULTSORT Encyclopedia Of Esperanto Category Esperanto encyclopedias Esperanto Category Esperanto publications Category Esperanto eo Enciklopedio de Esperanto it Enciklopedio de Esperanto ... more details
Infobox planet width 25em bgcolour FFFFC0 apsis name Esperanto symbol image caption discovery yes discovery ref discoverer Vaisala, Y. discovery site Turku discovered March 18, 1936 designations yes mp name 1421 alt names 1936 FQ named after Esperanto mp category orbit ref epoch May 14, 2008 aphelion 3.3424400 perihelion 2.8488276 semimajor eccentricity 0.0797272 period 1989.4031128 avg speed inclination 9.80350 asc node 42.80741 mean anomaly 68.78660 arg peri 166.23794 satellites physical characteristics yes dimensions 43.31km diameter mass density surface grav escape velocity sidereal day axial tilt pole ecliptic lat pole ecliptic lon albedo 0.0714 temperatures temp name1 mean temp 1 max temp 1 temp name2 max temp 2 spectral type abs magnitude 10.30 1421 Esperanto provisional designation 1936 FQ is a Asteroid belt main belt asteroid discovered on March 18, 1936 by the Finnish astronomer Yrj V is l at Iso Heikkil Observatory in Turku , Finland . It measures 43.31km in diameter. V is l named the asteroid after the constructed language Esperanto . He also named another asteroid, 1462 Zamenhof , after Esperanto s creator, L. L. Zamenhof . External links http ssd.jpl.nasa.gov sbdb.cgi?sstr 1421 Esperanto JPL Small Body Database Browser on 1421 Esperanto http www.astro.utu.fi VISPA V is l Institute for Space Physics and Astronomy Minor planets navigator 1420 Radcliffe 1422 Str mgrenia Small Solar System bodies DEFAULTSORT Esperanto Category Main Belt asteroids Category Astronomical objects discovered in 1936 Beltasteroid stub de 1421 Esperanto eo 1421 Esperanto fa fr 1421 Esperanto it 1421 Esperanto la 1421 Esperanto lb Esperanto Asteroid hu 1421 Esperanto nn 1421 Esperanto pl 1421 Esperanto pt 1421 Esperanto ru 1421 sk 1421 Esperanto sr 1421 sv 1421 Esperanto tl 1421 Esperanto ... more details
Multiple issues unreferenced September 2009 notability September 2009 context September 2009 Esperanto Anta en meaning Esperanto Forward was a small business enterprise founded in April 2001 by Mr. David Yaki, with the support of research scientists at the Alstom Power Research Facilities in Baden, Switzerland Baden D ttwil , Switzerland as well as individual speakers of Esperanto from four continents. From 2001 to June 2008 Esperanto Antauxen operated the Calgary Esperanto Centre, where it offered courses in the planned language Esperanto language Esperanto and events for speakers of the language, and where it maintained the Dorothy Hawley Memorial Library now dispersed . Esperanto in Calgary continues to be practiced by weekly meetings Monadays 7 9 PM in a coffee shop Second Cup in the Kensington area since June 2007. Mrs. Maria Hopkins is the elected president of the fully functioning Calgary Esperanto Group and members of the group include accredited linguists as well as professionals in various fields. Activities include annual summer picnics, Christmas celebration events and participation in regional and world congresses. DEFAULTSORT Esperanto Antauen Category Esperanto organizations Esperanto stub eo Esperanto Anta en ... more details
Esperanto sidebar expanded Culture Esperanto music is music written, recorded, and performed in Esperanto , a constructed language used for international communication . Classical music Lou Harrison , who incorporated styles and instruments from many world cultures in his music, used Esperanto titles and or texts in several of his works, most notably La Koro Sutro 1973 . David Gaines composer David Gaines used Esperanto texts for his Symphony No. 1 Esperanto for mezzo soprano and orchestra 1994 98 and Povas plori mi ne plu I Can Cry No Longer for unaccompanied SATB choir 1994 . Bands La Mondanoj Kajto Persone Dolchamar Merlin band Merlin Freundeskreis Musicians and singers Kim J. Henriksen Montagu C. Butler Raymond Schwartz Lou Harrison Jean Marc Leclercq Bertilo Wennergren Songs La Espero iu, iu, iu, iu Dolchamar u vi pretas? u vi pretas? Liza pentras bildojn The Crystal Theme from the opening of Final Fantasy XI Memoro de la tono Music companies and publishers ESP Disk Events and projects Vinilkosmo kompil Kolekto 2000 Esperanto Subgrunde kompil References to Esperanto in music Kurt Elling wrote a vocalese song called Esperanto based on the Vince Mendoza composition Esperan a . Elling explains on his album Live in Chicago Blue Note that the lyrics were written while he was under the impression that it was titled Esperanto and only later found out the original title, which is the Portuguese language Portuguese word for hope . References Unreferenced date June 2007 External links http vinilkosmo.com Vinilkosmo Online shop for Esperanto music http www.shoutcast.com radio Esperanto La Muse Dancejo webradio broadcasting 24 7 esperanto songs on SHOUTcast Radio http esperanto panorama.net angla muziko.htm Music Panorama Esperanto stub Category Esperanto music de Esperanto Musik es M sica en esperanto eo Esperanto muziko fr Musique en esp ranto pt M sica em esperanto ru zh ... more details
Infobox Non profit Non profit name Esperanto League for North America, Inc. br d b a Esperanto USA Non profit logo File Esperanto USA logo.png centre 200 px founded date 1952 br Sacramento, California ... language , communication homepage http www.esperanto usa.org www.esperanto usa.org Esperanto sidebar expanded Associations The Esperanto League for North America, Inc. d b a Esperanto USA , or E USA , is the main organization of speakers and supporters of the international language Esperanto ... , California, Esperanto USA is a 501 c 3 nonprofit organization and is the US section of the World Esperanto Association Universala Esperanto Asocio . The current president of E USA is Philip Dorcas. Esperanto USA administers the largest Esperanto language book service in the Americas. It publishes a bimonthly bulletin em Usona Esperantisto em . It also publishes reference works about Esperanto ... directors it also has many commissioners responsible for Esperanto USA s activity in various connections e.g. audio visual service cooperation with libraries relations with local Esperanto clubs etc ... During the first half of the 20th century, the chief Esperanto organization for the US was the Esperanto ... attacks against leaders of the Esperanto movement in Europe and Asia . The Universala Esperanto Asocio ..., American esperantists founded the Esperanto League for North America. Three years later, UEA recognized .... In 2007, the members of the organization voted to adopt the name Esperanto USA as an alias, while retaining the formal, official name Esperanto League for North America Esperanto Ligo por Norda Ameriko in Esperanto . Among other reasons, the change was made because the organization s scope is limited ..., ELNA, but only occasionally. E USA has held an annual convention called a congress in accordance with Esperanto ... or Mexico meeting jointly with the Canadian Esperanto Association or the Mexican Esperanto Federation ... http www.esperanto usa.org http www.esperanto usa.org DEFAULTSORT Esperanto Usa Category Esperanto ... more details
Esperanto sidebar expanded Culture Esperanto literature began before the official publication of the constructed language Esperanto the language s creator, L. L. Zamenhof , translated poetry and prose into the language as he was developing it as a test of its completeness and expressiveness, and published ... was the first to write novels in Esperanto. Except for a handful of poems, most of the literature from Esperanto s first twenty years or so is now regarded as of historical interest only. Image Uk 2008 libroservo.JPG thumb left Esperanto books at the World Esperanto Congress , Rotterdam 2008 Between .... Esperanto has seen a solid production of material in Braille since the work of the blind Russian ... harold brown author verkisto.webs.com Harold Brown wrote several modern plays in Esperanto. Over 25,000 books in Esperanto have been published, and the largest Esperanto book service at the World Esperanto ... in Esperanto, plus a larger number of novellas, short story collections, and poetry collections. Two ... is Geoffrey Sutton s Concise Encyclopedia of the Original Literature of Esperanto 728 pages , published under the auspices of the Esperanto speaking Writers Association by MONDIAL, New York, N.Y., 2008 ... figures of Esperanto literature Marjorie Boulton William Auld Julio Baghy Kazimierz Bein translations ... Raymond Schwartz Vladimir Varankin Kitzo Hekotormos See also Esperanto culture References The Esperanto Book , http donh.best.vwh.net Esperanto EBook chap09.html Chapter 9 The Literary Scene by Don Harlow. 1995. La Fenomeno Esperanto by William Auld. UEA, 1988. External links http www.gutenberg.org browse languages eo Writings in Esperanto at Project Gutenberg Category Esperanto literature ca Literatura en esperanto cs Esperantsk literatura de Esperanto Literatur es Literatura en esperanto eo Esperantlingva literaturo fr Litt rature en esp ranto it Letteratura in esperanto nl Esperantoliteratuur ja pt Literatura em Esperanto ro Literatur n esperanto ru ... more details
Orphan date August 2009 Esperanto lexicographers are individuals or groups, whether enthusiastic amateurs or trained linguists, who have produced single language or bilingual Esperanto dictionaries dictionaries of Esperanto . More than 130 Esperantist s, working singly or collectively, have published such dictionaries several of these authors are listed in the Category Esperanto lexicographers Esperanto lexicographers category. In the specific case of Esperanto, most dictionary authors historically were and today still are non specialists in the field of lexicography . A notable exception is Erich Dieter Krause , a German professor of the Bahasa Indonesia Indonesian language , who wrote comprehensive dictionaries, both German language German Esperanto 2007 and Esperanto German 1999 . Though most Esperanto dictionary compilers have been men, notable female Esperanto lexicographers include Adriana J. Middelkoop , who wrote Dutch language Dutch Esperanto and Esperanto Dutch dictionaries 1971 and Ilona Koutny , chief editor of a Hungarian language Hungarian Esperanto dictionary, 1996 . Because compiling a dictionary demands great linguistic expertise and may be the labour of many years, most dictionary writers were only able to accomplish the feat in their elder years however, the Austria n Eugen W ster wrote the core of his encyclopedic Esperanto German dictionary, published in 1923, as an early 20s university student. The German Eckhard Bick , having emigrated to Denmark, published his Danish language Danish dictionary at 32. The professions of Esperanto lexicographers vary widely one may find teachers Atanas D. Atanasov , Paul Bennemann , mile Grosjean Maupin , Boris Kolker .... An example is the editorial committee of the Japanese Esperanto Institute , under the guidance of Konisi ... Esperanto Japanese dictionary in 2006. DEFAULTSORT Esperanto Lexicographers Category Esperanto lexicographers eo Esperanto vortaristo ... more details
Esperanto sidebar expanded Culture The language Esperanto is often used to access an international culture , including a large body of original as well as translated Esperanto literature literature . There are over 25,000 Esperanto books originals and translations as well as over a hundred regularly distributed List of Esperanto magazines Esperanto magazines . Many Esperanto speakers use the language ... pal s in many countries around the world using services like the Esperanto Pen Pal Service. Every year, Esperanto speakers meet for the World Congress of Esperanto Universala Kongreso de Esperanto . These attract ... in Central Europe Central or Eastern Europe , close to the birthplace of Esperanto see statistics at World Congress of Esperanto . Literature, music and film Every year, hundreds of new titles are published in Esperanto along with Esperanto music music . Also, many Esperanto newspapers and magazines ... 1920. Esperanto can be heard in television and radio broadcasts and on the internet. There are currently ... , an internet television channel, began broadcasting in November 2005. Historically most of the Esperanto music music published in Esperanto has been in various folk traditions in recent decades ... length feature film in Esperanto, entitled Angoroj . This was followed in 1965 by the first American Esperanto production Incubus 1965 film Incubus , starring William Shatner . Several shorter Esperanto film films have been produced since. As of 2003 alt As of July 2003 , the Esperanto language Wikipedia eo Esperanto filmo lists 14 films and 3 short films. Image 2008 07 24 uk pilipovicx 02.JPG thumb left The Serbian actor Sasha Pilipovic presents his cabaret at the World Esperanto Congress , Rotterdam 2008 Cultural community There are cultural commonalities between Esperanto speakers, which is a distinctive feature of a cultural community. Esperanto was created to foster universal understanding, solidarity and peace. A large proportion of the Esperanto movement continue to hold such goals ... more details
Esperanto sidebar expanded Culture The following Esperanto libraries and collections of works in the EsperantoEsperanto language are worthy of note The Montagu Butler Library of Esperanto materials, maintained by the Esperanto Association of Britain. This holds some 12,500 books as well as a documentary archive, a photo archive, audio visual materials and various artefacts. An online catalogue is under construction. The National Library of Austria , which includes an International Esperanto Museum ... as TROVANTO, can be searched from the website of the Austrian National Library. The Universala Esperanto ... exhibits around 20,000 books, pieces of art, and memorabilia from 100 countries. The Spanish Esperanto ... systematically collecting Esperanto publications. It grew into a museum which opened in 1968. In 1993 ... Esperanto Library, in Aalen , Germany , which has a collection of more than 11,000 pieces. The Kortrijk Esperanto Foundation, a section of the City Public Library of Kortrijk , Belgium . The Foundation has a legally preserved collection of 10,000 books and periodicals. The Fajszi Esperanto Collection ... was 542 pages. ref http eo.wikipedia.org wiki Karlo Fajszi ref The National Esperanto Library and Archive in Massa di Carrara Massa , Italy , founded in 1972 as the library of the Italian Esperanto Federation ... to the public. The National Esperanto Museum in Gray, Haute Sa ne Gray , France. The Museum is a public archive with a permanent Esperanto exhibition. The George Alan Connor Esperanto Collection at the University ... Alan Connor Esperanto Collection 1978 . ref http libweb.uoregon.edu speccoll index.html Special ... houses a large collection of early Esperantist publications, including the first Esperanto edition ... reflist See also Department of Planned Languages and Esperanto Museum in Vienna in Austria External ... www.lib.usf.edu The University of South Florida Tampa Library Category Esperanto media Library Category Types of library eo Esperanto biblioteko it Biblioteche di esperanto ru ... more details
Infobox website name Wiki favicon Esperanto Wikipedia logo File Wikipedia logo v2 eo.png Logo of the Esperanto Wikipedia screenshot File Esperanto Wikipedia screenshot 15.12.2008.png border 300px Screenshot of the Esperanto Wikipedia home page. caption Screenshot of the Esperanto Wikipedia home page ... language Esperanto registration Optional owner Wikimedia Foundation author The Esperanto Wikipedia lang eo Vikipedio en Esperanto , or lang eo esperantlingva Vikipedio is the Esperanto edition of Wikipedia ... language . The Esperanto Wikipedia started off with the 139 articles of the lang eo Enciklopedio Kalblanda by Stefano Kalb. Wikipedia handbook in Esperanto The Esperanto Wikipedia community ... on how to edit Wikipedia in Esperanto. It is currently in its second printing. Quality of the Esperanto Wikipedia File Wikipedia training.jpg thumb 250px Wikipedia training at an Esperanto convention in Antwerp, May 2007 As of July 2010, the Esperanto Wikipedia has 191 articles of feature quality .... The Esperanto community is a frequent contributor to the Meta project, meta Translation of the week ... have List of articles every Wikipedia should have , Esperanto ranks 33, lacking none of the list of vital articles, but having in general rather short articles. On November 18, 2008, the Esperanto ... the Esperanto community File 2008 07 25 uk vp pavla dvorakova.JPG thumb 300px One of the Wikipedia meetups at World Esperanto Congress , Rotterdam 2008 Including learners and other Esperantists of all ... editors are members of the Academy of Esperanto , Gerrit Berveling , John C. Wells , and Bertilo Wennergren , a notable Esperanto grammarian ref lang eo http bertilow.com pmeg libro.html Plena Manlibro ... Esperanto vocabulary . lang eo Vikipedio incorporates, with permission, the content of the 1934 lang eo Encyclopedia of Esperanto Enciklopedio de Esperanto and also content of several reference books and the monthly periodical lang eo Monato . The Esperanto Wikipedia has been featured in many Esperanto ... more details
Esperanto sidebar expanded Culture Globalize date December 2009 Since the earliest days of Esperanto , the colour green has been used as a symbol of mutual recognition and it appears prominently in all Esperanto symbols. The Green Star verda stelo was first proposed in an 1892 article in La Esperantisto The Esperantist for use as a symbol of mutual recognition among esperantists. The Esperanto flag is composed of a green background with a white square in the upper lefthand corner, which in turn contains ... , Africa . The flag was created by the Esperanto Club of Boulogne sur Mer , initially for their own use, but was adopted as the flag of the worldwide Esperanto movement by a decision of the first Universal Congress of Esperanto , which took place in 1905 in that town. By recommendation of the board of the Universala Esperanto Asocio World Esperanto Association , the flag should have the following ... enclosing the star should be 10 to 3.5. ref eo Esperanta Flago ref Some Esperanto speakers consider ... by a Brazil ian Esperantist to mark the centenary of the creation of Esperanto. On the other hand ... the preference of one symbol over another as a purely personal choice. At most Esperanto congresses, all three main symbols can be seen in use on displays or being worn as badges. Sometimes, Esperanto ... clothes, to make themselves known to other Esperanto speakers. Flag variants In 1905, delegates to the first ... green to red. ref http www.fotw.net flags qy eo.html vars ref Appearance On December 15, 2009, the Esperanto ... simbolo Finvenkismo gallery File Flag of Esperanto.svg The Esperanto Flag File Jubilea simbolo.svg Jubilee symbol File Esperanto star.svg A stylized green star gallery DEFAULTSORT Esperanto Symbols Category Esperanto culture Flag Category International flags Category Star symbols cs Symboly esperanta de Esperanto Symbole es S mbolos del esperanto eo Esperanto simbolo hy it Simboli dell esperanto nl Symbolen van Esperanto ja pt S mbolos Esperantistas ru ... more details
Esperanto sidebar expanded Language Esperanto profanity is the profanity profane or Decency indecent vocabulary of Esperanto . Some profane words in Esperanto were formulated out of the core vocabulary ... formed Esperanto words. Others represent informal neologism s that remain technically outside of the defined vocabulary of the language, but have become established by usage. Types of profanity in EsperantoEsperanto distinguishes between profanity and obscenity this distinction is not always made in English . Profanity in Esperanto is called eo sakro sakro , after the older French sacre , ref ... of the speaker s anger. According to Renato Corsetti , former president of the World Esperanto ... indignon a koleron a similan senton, ne alparolante rekte difinitan homon. ref Obscenity in Esperanto ... ignoble ref eo Latina obscaena ref . These are the Esperanto words that refer to sexual acts and bodily functions in non clinical ways. Sources of Esperanto profanity As a constructed language planned ... nor in the Fundamento de Esperanto . According to Alos and Velkov, n either Zamenhof nor the other ... to make Esperanto a real language. ref Alos and Velkov Nek Zamenhof nek la aliaj pioniroj de lingvo Internacia en siaj verkoj uzis obscenajn vortojn, kvankam iuj ili klopodis fari el Esperanto realan ... to all of the situations that humans use language for. In furtherance of making Esperanto more ... in Esperanto. In 1981, Hektor Alos and Kiril Velkov published a small pamphlet on Tabuaj vortoj en Esperanto vortaro, kun ekzemploj pri praktika uzado Taboo words in Esperanto a dictionary with examples for practical use that also discussed Esperanto sexual expressions and oaths their pamphlet was distributed by the major Esperanto language book services. In 1987, Renato Corsetti , who later became president of the World Esperanto Association , published Knedu min, Sinjorino tabuaj kaj insultaj esprimoj en Esperanto Knead me, madam taboo and insulting expressions in Esperanto , that also discussed ... more details
Esperanto sidebar expanded History The constructed language constructed international auxiliary language Esperanto was developed in the 1870s and 80s by L. L. Zamenhof , and first published in 1887. The number ... of the language before publication seesubarticle Proto Esperanto Zamenhof would later say that he had ... number of people. Zamenhof taught an Proto Esperanto early version of the language to his high ... the language spoken today. Esperanto history from publication until the first world congress This section ... , New Zealand, Tonkin , and Uruguay in 1905. In its first years Esperanto was used mainly in publications ... Esperanto table of correlatives with more Latinate words or phrases. These reforms were overwhelmingly ... of the language. In the following decade Esperanto spread into western Europe, especially France ... Mer , France. There were 688 Esperanto speakers present from 20 nationalities. At this congress, Zamenhof officially resigned his leadership of the Esperanto movement, as he did not want personal prejudice ... of Boulogne declaration on founding principles of the Esperanto movement, which the attendees of the congress endorsed. Esperanto history since the first congress World congresses have been held ... , between Belgium and Germany, had a sizable proportion of Esperanto speakers among its small and multiethnic population. There was a proposal to make Esperanto its official language. In the early 1920s, there was a proposal for the League of Nations to accept Esperanto as their working language ... and saw Esperanto as a threat. However, two years later the League recommended that its member states include Esperanto in their educational curricula. Many people see the 1920s as the heyday of the Esperanto movement. Starting in the 1930s, Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin murdered many Esperanto ... cite web url http www.archive.org stream meinkampf035176mbp page n463 mode 2up search esperanto author ... diaspora . The creation of a Judenrein Jew free National German Esperanto League was not enough ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2007 about the production company information on the film genre Esperanto film Esperanto Films is a Mexico City based company that Film production produces and Film distributor distributes films. It is owned by Alfonso Cuar n . Its partner company is Producciones Anhelo , owned by Jorge Vergara , a Mexican business man, as well as Cuar n. Some of its films are Pan s Labyrinth El Laberinto del Fauno 2006 Pan s Labyrinth , The Assassination of Richard Nixon 2004 , Cr nicas 2004 and Temporada de patos 2004 Duck Season . Film company stub eo Esperanto Filmoj Category Film production companies of Mexico ... more details
2010 Esperanto sidebar expanded Criticism Esperanto was conceived as a language of international ... debate over whether it is possible for Esperanto to attain this position, and whether it would be an improvement ... Esperantido There have been numerous objections to Esperanto over the years, many of them contradictory. For example, there have been criticism that Esperanto is not neutral enough, but also that it should convey a specific culture, which would make it less neutral that Esperanto does not draw on a wide .... Lack of neutrality As noted above, Esperantists often argue for Esperanto as an ethnically neutral ... language Chinese languages would strike many as being fairer than Esperanto like solutions, as these families ... and endings in Esperanto can be significantly different from their etymological cognates ... English quarter , Italian quarto , Interlingua quarto , but Esperanto kvarono derived regularly from ... etyre also English government , French gouvernement , Interlingua governamento , but Esperanto .... According to the critics, Esperanto should aim to be a common European tongue, and therefore its lexicon and spelling system should be a consensus of the Western European languages. Esperanto ... to or insight into another culture . Some Esperantists maintain that Esperanto does have an international ... a significant original Esperanto literature literature that provides the Esperanto community with a common ... figures within the Esperanto movement have lamented how few learners of the language progress to a high ... at which it was generally agreed that everyone in the world should learn Esperanto, remarked that the first ... may be one of overmarketing. Esperanto is often presented as easy to learn , which many students misunderstand as can be learned without effort . Learning Esperanto is relatively easy, but only compared ... now have a vocabulary equivalent to ten times the number of root words they know, due to Esperanto s highly productive Esperanto vocabulary word formation . However, fluency in Esperanto requires ... more details
about the progressive rock band other uses of the word EsperantoEsperanto disambiguation Esperanto was a Belgo English rock band which had a short career at the beginning of the 70s. Band members Raymond Vincent, a Belgian violinist songwriter who played in Wallace Collection band . Glenn Shorrock , an English Australian singer who was living near London at the time and had left the group Axiom. Joy Yates, Janice Slater and Bridget Dudoit, who had released a record under the name of Bones . Brian Holloway, an Australian guitar player. Godfrey Salmon , second violin Tony Harris, viola Timothy Kraemer, cello. Discography Esperanto Rock Orchestra Esperanto Rock Orchestra 1973 ref http www.esperanto rock orchestra.com rockorchestra.html Extensive details of the first album including musicians, release details etc ref On Down The Road 5 00 Vincent Shorrock Never Again 5 40 Vincent Libert Perhaps One Day 4 35 Vincent Libert Statue Of Liberty 5 00 Glenn Shorrock Gypsy 6 35 Brian Holloway City 4 06 Vincent Shorrock Roses 5 10 Vincent Libert Move Away 3 39 Vincent Shorrock Danse Macabre Danse Macabre 1974 ref http www.esperanto rock orchestra.com dansemacabre.html Extensive details of Danse Macabre including musicians, release details etc ref The Journey 10 13 Libert Vincent The Castle 3 31 Vincent Shorrock Libert The Duel 7 03 Vincent G. & T. Malisan The Cloister 5 28 Vincent Libert Shorrock The Decision 5 57 Brian Holloway The Prisoner 7 20 Vincent Shorrock Danse macabre Saint Sa ns Danse Macabre 1 58 Camille Saint Sa ns arrangements by Vincent & Tony Malisan Last Tango Last Tango 1975 , starts with a murderous version of Eleanor Rigby ref http www.esperanto rock orchestra.com lasttango.html Andre Hagberg review ref . The title track was recorded in both French La drole de fin ... orchestra.com index.html Esperanto The Official Site References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Esperanto rock band stub es Esperanto banda ms Kumpulan Esperanto Category English rock music groups ... more details
Infobox album See Wikipedia WikiProject Albums Name Esperanto Type studio Artist Karl Bartos Elektric Music Cover Kb esperanto.jpg Border yes Alt Released 1993 Recorded Genre Technopop Length Duration m 43 s 43 Label SPV GmbH SPV Producer Karl Bartos This album Esperanto br 1993 Next album Electric Music br 1998 Misc Singles Name Esperanto Type studio Single 1 Crosstalk Single 1 date 1992 Single 2 Lifestyle Single 2 date 1993 Single 3 TV Single 3 date 1993 Esperanto , released in 1993, was the first album by Elektric Music, initially a collaboration of Karl Bartos formerly of Kraftwerk and Lothar Manteuffel formerly of Rheingold , but later only Bartos worked under this name. The project begun after Bartos ended his involvement with Kraftwerk in 1991. The songs Show Business and Kissing the Machine ... A fine slice of electronica, Esperanto demonstrates that in 1993, the teacher was quite willing ... pure url yes title Esperanto Review publisher Allmusic first Alex last Henderson accessdate 2010 09 ... Bartos length6 8 35 title7 Esperanto writer7 Bartos length7 4 41 title8 Overdrive writer8 Bartos ... Esperanto Germany, Limited Edition, Digipak publisher Discogs accessdate 2010 09 19 ref CD in jewel case SPV 084 92832 ref Cite web url http www.discogs.com release 1149085 title Elektric Music Esperanto ... 92999 2 ref Cite web url http www.discogs.com release 52467 title Elektric Music Esperanto Europe ... url http www.discogs.com release 191213 title Elektric Music Esperanto US publisher Discogs accessdate 2010 09 19 ref Japan 1999 Nippon Crown CD, remastered, with 6 bonus tracks, titled Esperanto plus CRCL 4711 ref Cite web url http www.discogs.com Elektric Music Esperanto plus release 551472 title Elektric Music Esperanto plus Japan publisher Discogs accessdate 2010 09 19 ref References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Esperanto Category 1993 albums Category Electronic albums Category Atlantic Records albums Category Debut albums it Esperanto album pl Esperanto album ... more details
Esperanto sidebar expanded Criticism Reformed Esperanto was a reformed version of Esperanto created in 1894. It is notable as the only complete Esperantido to have been created by Esperanto s original creator, Dr. L. L. Zamenhof . Although Zamenhof s stated preference was to avoid any discussion of changes, he was put under considerable pressure including financial to respond to the diverse reforms proposed by others. Reluctantly he decided to present a reformed dialect himself and undertook to continue guiding the community, whether or not reforms were eventually agreed. Although Zamenhof initially called his reform a systematic attempt to re create the language in the light of more than six years of practical experience, scarcely any of the Esperanto community of the time accepted it as a whole. The majority voted to reject all changes. Zamenhof himself later rejected the whole project and referred to 1894 as a wasted year . In 1907 he expressly refused permission to anyone wishing to re publish the proposed reforms. In 1929 Johannes Dietterle cited this refusal as justification for omitting details of the reform project from his collection of Zamenhof s complete works, Originala Verkaro . Some of the proposed reforms from 1894 such as replacing the oj plural with i , the removal of the diacritics and adjectival agreement were used in the language reform project Ido beginning in 1907, but these were not accepted by the Esperanto community either and Esperanto has changed relatively little since the publication of Zamenhof s Fundamento de Esperanto in 1905. Main proposed changes ... The Lord s Prayer in both Reformed and standard Esperanto for comparison Reformed Esperanto Ido Standard Esperanto Patro nose, kvu esten in cielo, Patro nia, qua esas en la cielo, Patro nia, kiu ... Category International auxiliary languages es Esperanto reformado eo Reformprojekto de Zamenhof ia Esperanto Reformate it Esperanto riformato nl Hervormd Esperanto pt Esperanto reformado ... more details
The Esperanto was a fishing schooner based in Gloucester, Massachusetts . Esperanto was designed by Tom McManus of Boston and built by Tarr and James Shipbuilders of Essex, Massachusetts . She was launched on June 27, 1906, and measured convert 107 ft in length, convert 25 ft in beam, and a draft of convert 11 ft with gross tonnage of 140. The Esperanto was used in several races and is one of only two undefeated champions at the International Fishing Vessel Championship. International Fishing Vessel Championship, 1920 Under command of Captain M. Welch, Esperanto became the first winner of the International Fishing Vessel Championship on November 1, 1920, when she beat the Canadian fishing schooner Delawana schooner Delawana under command of Capt. T. Himmelman. Her crew included Capt. Martin L. Welch John F. Barrett John Batt Thomas S. Benham Wallace Bruce Harry P. Christianson Benjamin H. Colby James B. Connolly Isaiah Gosbee Michael J. Hall Ernest Hendrie James McDonald Raymond McKenzie John J. Matheson Leon G. Murray Roy P. Patten Lawrence F. Percival George E. Roberts Robert W. Sawtell R. Russell Smith Thomas Smith Benjamin W. Stanley Stephen F. Whitney Morril Wiggins George Young Hugh Young. Sinking On May 30, 1921, Schooner Esperanto struck a submerged wreck near Sable Island and sank. The crew was rescued. References External links http twelch.htohananet.com Wooden Ships, Iron Men, Gloucester Ladies, and Man s Best Friend http www.gov.ns.ca nsarm virtual macaskill archives.asp?ID 324&Language French Esperanto Photo http books.google.com books?id jOIDAAAAMBAJ&pg PA610&dq Popular Mechanics 1931 curtiss&hl en&ei rMr8TNGjLIO9nAf14JDGCg&sa X&oi book result&ct result&resnum 10&ved 0CEoQ6AEwCQ v onepage&q Popular 20Mechanics 201931 20curtiss&f true The Fisherman s Race , October 1930, Popular Mechanics DEFAULTSORT Esperanto Category Schooners Esperanto, Schooner Category Sailing ships of the United States Category Essex Schooners Category Gloucester, Massachusetts Category ... more details
Expert subject Esperanto date December 2008 Refimprove date December 2008 Esperanto sidebar expanded Language Esperanto vocabulary and grammatical forms derive primarily from the Romance languages , with lesser ... the words have no historical connection to other languages. In Esperanto, root word s are borrowed ... Zamenhof took most of his Esperanto root words from languages of the Italic languages Italic ... learned in schools around the world at the time Esperanto was devised, though much of the supposedly ... language Italianesque appearance, corresponding to the use of Italian as a model for Esperanto ... one third Germanic, including a pair of roots from Swedish Swedish language Swedish Esperanto grammar ... Germanic, and 2 Slavic and Greek. ref Mattos, Geraldo, La deveno de Esperanto , Fonto 1987. ref Latin ... , pri about, from peri , the plural suffix j, the accusative case suffix n, and perhaps the Esperanto ... of Esperanto. An oft cited example is plena full, complete , which is Latinate in form French ... in so far as they were cognate with, or as their words had become widespread in, Esperanto s source ... pri la deveno de la vortoj de Esperanto http www.npoint.com.br sementeira prelego15.html ref Like ... the German etymology after the fact to avoid anti Semitic prejudice against Esperanto. That would mean ... this convoluted. The Esperanto vocabulary Correlatives correlatives , although clearly cognate ... leveled to the point that they are often given as examples of Esperanto innovations. This is especially ... and the article la, is an Esperanto innovation using existing forms. ref For speakers of Italian, Spanish, or Portuguese, it may at first be jarring that Esperanto has the endings o and a of those ... end in o but take the article la Proven al la fenestro the window , Esperanto la fenestro Proven al la vido life , Esperanto la vivo Proven al la roso la rozo the rose , Esperanto la rozo Proven al la voio the road , Esperanto la vojo Proven al la amigo the girlfriend , Esperanto la amikino etc ... more details
Infobox islands name Esperanto Island image name Zed Islands.jpg thumb image caption Zed Islands from Miziya Peak Esperanto Island is the leftmost one. locator map Varna Peninsula location map.png thumb map caption Location of Varna Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands. nickname location Antarctica coordinates coord 62 25 43 S 60 10 23 W archipelago South Shetland Islands total islands major islands area km2 area ha 56 area convert 56 ha acre abbr on ref name area ref length km 0.95 width km 0.9 highest mount elevation m 290 population 0 population as of density km2 ethnic groups country Antarctica additional info Administered under the Antarctic Treaty System Esperanto Island lang bg , Ostrov Esperanto os trov es pe ran to is the largest and northwesternmost island in the Zed Islands Zed group off the north coast of Varna Peninsula on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands , Antarctica . The island is ice free, rocky, rising to convert 290 m ft 0 abbr on and extending convert 950 by 900 m yd abbr on , with surface area convert 56 ha acre . ref name area L.L. Ivanov. http id team.org apc Apcbg Web New files image023.jpg Antarctica Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1 120000 topographic map. Troyan Manfred W rner Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978 954 92032 6 4 ref Situated convert 70 m yd abbr on to the northwest of the neighbouring Phanagoria Island , and convert 2.7 km mi abbr on northwest of Williams Point on Livingston Island. The area was visited by early 19th century Seal hunting sealers . The island is named after the Constructed language constructed international language of Esperanto . Location Esperanto Island is located at coord 62 25 43 S 60 10 23 W . British mapping in 1968, Chilean in 1971, Argentine in 1980, Bulgarian in 2005 and 2009. See also Composite Antarctic Gazetteer List ... Esperanto Island. Bulgarian named Antarctic place South Shetlands Category Geography of Livingston ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Esperanto sidebar expanded Language In Esperanto there are two kinds of interrogatives yes no interrogatives, and correlative interrogatives. Yes no interrogatives Yes no question s are formed with the interrogative u whether at the beginning of the clause. For example, the interrogative equivalent of the statement La pomo estas sur la tablo The apple is on the table is u la pomo estas sur la tablo? Is the apple on the table? A yes no question is also normally accompanied by a rising Intonation linguistics intonation . In some cases, especially when the context makes it clear that the sentence is an interrogatives, a rising intonation alone can make a clause into a question, but this is uncommon and highly markedness marked . The subject and the verb are not inverted to form questions as they are English language English and many other European languages. Correlative interrogatives Esperanto has a series of words which can be arranged in a table according to how they start and end which are often called correlative s . The column of words which begin with ki can be used to ask questions which cannot be answered by yes or no . These correspond to wh questions in English. These words are kiu who or which kio what kia what kind of kie where kiam when kies whose kiel how kial why kiom how much or how many These words are inflection inflected according to the role they play in the clause for the words which take an inflection , and moved to the beginning of the clause. For example, Kion vi faras? What are you doing? As with yes no questions, there is no inversion of subject and verb, and the sentence is generally ended with a rising intonation in the spoken language. Indirect questions Any interrogative clause as explained above can be used as is as an indirect question , as the object of a verb like scii , to know . Mi ne scias, u la pomo ... Interrogatives In Esperanto Category Esperanto language ... more details
Esperanto sidebar expanded Language Esperanto is written in a Latin alphabet of twenty eight letters ... letters IPA t , IPA d , IPA x , IPA , IPA ,. See Esperanto pronunciation . There is a nearly ... IPA before g and k. See Esperanto phonology . In handwritten Esperanto, the diacritics pose no problem ... left thumbnail 50px The spesmilo Unique to the Esperanto script is the spesmilo 1000 currency specie sign, an Sm monogram for a now obsolete international unit of auxiliary Esperanto currency used by a few ... . Today acinka is strikingly similar to the Esperanto alphabet, but in L. L. Zamenhof Zamenhof s day ... went public with Esperanto. Due to these Slavic origins, the spelling of geographic names is sometimes .... Compare the Esperanto forms with Croatian Va ington, Meksiko, and Gvatemala. Likewise, cunamo ... abc.gif right thumbnail 250px Signuno alphabet & numerals Image Esperanto braille.PNG left thumbnail 150px Esperanto Braille Alphabet Esperanto versions of Morse code international Morse code and Braille ... 6 lower right , and the u breve is the mirror image of u. An Esperanto Braille magazine, A roro .... Signuno itself, as signed Esperanto rather than a language in its own right, is a manual logogram logographic Esperanto orthography. The Signuno alphabet deviates from international norms that is, American ..., who normally rely on the fact that Esperanto seldom uses these sounds to distinguish words. That is, they don ... given Esperanto phonotactics besides a , which as the word for or would cause confusion. The letter ... Esperanto Latin letters q, x, y are not affected by Kalocsay s scheme, as they already have distinct ... is not completely standardized, but in Esperanto there is the additional complication of multiple ... the greatest variety of any punctuation. The use of Esperanto quotation marks was never stated in Zamenhof ... the Zamenhofs , pra Esperanto Proto Esperanto . It is also used for Russian language Russian ... with revo dream . Occasionally mixed capitalization will be used for orthographic puns, such as espERAnto ... more details
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