refimprove date March 2011 Elitism is the belief or attitude that some individuals, who form an elite &mdash a select group of people with intellect , wealth , specialized training or experience, or other distinctive attributes &mdash are those whose views on a matter are to be taken the most seriously ... render them especially fit to govern. ref http www.answers.com topic elitism copyright elitism Definition and Much More from Answers.com Bot generated title ref Alternatively, the term elitism may .... Those opposed to elitism are considered supporters of anti elitism , populism or the political ... analysis of elite influence in society elite theorists regard pluralism as a utopian ideal. Elitism ... in the hope that this arrangement will benefit humanity or themselves. At times, elitism is closely ... classes are sometimes known as the social elite . The term elitism is also sometimes used to denote ... grant themselves extra privileges at the expense of others. This form of elitism may be described ... discussing elitism as a political theory, because they are often associated with negative class ... to another group is a form of elitism. Take this quote from an individual who is close minded about ... likely, they are not literate enough to read reviews of the band s albums . Academic elitism main Academic elitismElitism in the context of education is the practice of concentrating attention on or allocating ... intelligent might be accused of elitism, even if this was argued to promote an egalitarian goal, such as curing disease. Elitism in education could be based on conventional assessment of learning ..., or hard to enter. Anti elitism main Populism Pluralism political theory The term elitism , or the title .... Egalitarianism Elitism endorses the exclusion of large numbers of people from positions of privilege ..., by large populations workers, consumers, retirees, parents, etc. . This contrasts with elitism ... References reflist External links Wiktionarypar elitism Category Social groups Category Political science ... more details
dicdef Anti elitism includes the idea that all people are equal, therefore any ideas or notions of superiority held by one group or another, are considered by anti elitists to be non sense. Those opposed to elitism are considered supporters of pro equalization, populism, or the political theory of pluralism. Category Sociology Category Political science poli stub ... more details
Cleanup date October 2009 Academic elitism is a charge sometimes levied at academic institution s and academics more broadly, arguing that academia or academics are prone to undeserved and or pernicious elitism the term ivory tower often carries with it an implicit critique of academic elitism. Criticism of perceived academic elitism may or may not target intellectuals in general, academic institutions or education itself, but always Citation needed date February 2011 targets present leadership, practices and or policies in academia. Description Anti intellectualism Anti intellectuals often perceive themselves as champions of ordinary people and as defenders of populism against elitism , especially academic elitism e.g., some of economist Thomas Sowell s writings Intellectuals and Society suggest that while academics and intellectuals have done much valuable work, they also have an undeserved halo effect and face fewer disincentives than other professions against speak outside their expertise. These critics argue that highly educated people form an isolated social group whose views tend to be overrepresented amongst journalists , professor s, and other members of the intelligentsia who often draw their salary and funding from taxpayers. Economist Dan Klein shows that the worldwide top 35 economics departments pull 76 percent of their faculty from their own graduates. He argues that the academic culture is pyramidal, not Polycentric law polycentric , and resembles a closed and genteel ..., Art and American Culture New Essays , ISBN 9780679741015, p. ix. ref Academic elitism suggests that in highly ... elitism justify this belief by claiming that this is just a by product of capitalism . Citation ... Life book Elitism Gifted education Graduate Record Examination Intelligence quotient Ivory Tower Liberal ... 0&type search&plindex 0 A video on Elitism in College Admissions produced by The Massachusetts School of Law DEFAULTSORT Academic Elitism Category Academia Elitism Category Education issues pt Elitismo ... more details
The Wee Shu Min elitism scandal was a Singapore an scandal in October 2006 in which Wee Shu Min, daughter of Parliament of Singapore parliament member Wee Siew Kim and a then eighteen year old student on Raffles Junior College s scholarship programme, found herself in controversy after posting on her blog what were viewed by some Singaporeans to be ivory tower elitist , ref name satrev Time to learn that sorry isn t the hardest word to say , Ong Soh Chin, The Straits Times Saturday Review , 28 October 2006, p. S10 ref na ve, and insensitive statements against heartlanders. ref name shuminblog Teen blogger counselled for her elitist remarks , Ken Kewk, The Straits Times , October 24, 2006, p. H5 ref Dismissing the http derekwee.blogspot.com views of Derek Wee who voiced concerns on job security and age discrimination on his blog, she shot back with a take no prisoners diatribe, ref name satrev ref name zbedit , , Lianhe Zaobao , 31 October 2006 Chinese ref calling Derek a stupid crackpot , belonging to the sadder class and overreliant on the government. Her post also called for Derek to get out of my elite uncaring face. ref name tomorrowsg Quotation from actual post, http tomorrow.sg archives 2006 10 19 please get out of my elite uncar 1.html Please, get out of my elite ... focus Political elitism enhances class divide , Seah Chiang Nee, The Star Malaysia , 29 October 2006 ... atimes Southeast Asia HK23Ae02.html Mixing welfare and elitism in Singapore , Alex Au, Asia ... as evidence that Singapore was suffering from increasing signs that elitism political elitism , smarter ... model, ref How meritocracy can breed intellectual elitism , Chua Mui Hoong, The Straits Times Friday ... name schoolsurvey Students of top schools worry more about elitism , Ken Kwek, The Straits Times , 18 ... of the Parliament of Singapore Parliament by fellow MP Sin Boon Ann , who pointed out that elitism ... Wee Shu Min Elitism Scandal Category Internet memes Category Political scandals Category Politics ... more details
Summary Information Description Big Tennis Racquet, Barellan, NSW, Australia, prior to unveiling by Evonne Goolagong, 3 October 2009. Source I created this work entirely by myself. Date 3 October 2009 Author User Elitism Elitism User talk Elitism talk other versions Licensing self cc by sa 3.0 GFDL migration redundant Now commons NowCommons 1 File Big Tennis Racquet Barellan 2009 10 03.JPG 2 no date 2011 03 28 ... more details
of In Defense of Elitism div Roger Kimball s article in The New Criterion ,April 2001 http www.newcriterion.com articles.cfm designertribalism kimball 2204 references In Defense of Elitism Persondata ... more details
An Oxbridge reject is someone who has been rejected from either the University of Oxford or the University of Cambridge . ref http community.livejournal.com oxbridgerejects Oxbridge rejects , Live Journal . ref The term Oxbridge is a portmanteau of Oxford and Cambridge . The term has received some criticism for its derogatory and elitist nature. Eric Thomas academic Eric Thomas , Vice Chancellor of Bristol University has criticised it because of the way in which it makes people view British higher education through an Oxbridge prism. ref Liz Lightfoot, http www.telegraph.co.uk education main.jhtml?xml education 2004 01 21 tenedu321.xml Bristol may reject candidates who favour Oxbridge , The Daily Telegraph The Telegraph , 21 January 2004. ref In 2000, Gordon Brown , then Chancellorship of Gordon Brown Chancellor of the Exchequer and subsequently Prime Minister of the United Kingdom , started a major political row about higher education when he accused Oxford University of elitism in its admissions procedures. ref cite news url http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi education 759114.stm title Oxford reject wins Harvard scholarship accessdate 2007 03 30 date 2000 05 22 work BBC News publisher BBC ref The Laura Spence Affair , as it became known, is one of the most publicised cases of an Oxbridge reject. Rejected from Magdalen College, Oxford to read medicine, Laura Spence went on to study with a scholarship at Harvard in the United States . The rejection was seen as discrimination because of her state school background. ref http education.guardian.co.uk oxbridge article 0,,326388,00.html The war of Laura s rejection , The Observer , 28 May 2000. ref She subsequently went on to study graduate entry medicine a 4 year course at Wolfson College, Cambridge ref cite news url http www.guardian.co.uk education 2008 oct 27 oxford elitism laura spence location London work The Guardian title Elitism row student gets Cambridge distinction first Anthea last Lipsett date 27 October 2008 ref . In ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 Globalize date December 2010 An ethnic elite refers to an ethnic group which in a local context has gained a position of economic and power over that of other groups. Ethnic elitism elites may also foster ideologies and beliefs which serve to sustain their relative power. The ethnic elite may be divided in two basic ways &mdash either an elite ethnic majority or an elite ethnic minority . The term Market dominant minorities market dominant minority has also been used. See also Minority rights Dominant minority Minoritarianism Ethnocracy Sinocentrism Chinese Indonesians White Latin Americans References references DEFAULTSORT Ethnic Elite Category Ethnicity Culture stub Ethno stub ... more details
Infobox Political Party name english Independent Party name native De Uafh ngige party logo image logo name here Party logo colorcode blue leader none foundation 1953 headquarters Ger Engvej 55 br 9340 Asaa ideology Classical Liberalism , Anti elitism international None website http www.deuafhaengige.dk The Independent Party De Uafh ngige in Danish language Danish is a liberalist and anti elitist political party in Denmark . It was formed in 1953 as a breakaway party from Venstre Denmark Venstre as a protest against the established centre right parties cooperation with the Social Democrats Denmark Social Democrats . The Independent Party later got an anti elitist character. External links http www.deuafhaengige.dk Official website Category Political parties in Denmark Category Political parties established in 1953 Denmark party stub ca De Uafh ngige da De Uafh ngige no De Uafh ngige ... more details
, Mosca and the Theory of Elitism . Oxford Basil Blackwell 1987 . ISBN 0 631 15254 7 Carlo Lottieri ... Right and Left. Democratic Elitism in Mosca and Gramsci . New Haven, London Yale UP 1999 . Persondata ... more details
orphan date December 2007 The elite media is a term used to describe newspapers, radio stations, TV channels and other media that influence the political agenda of other mass media . According to Noam Chomsky , t he elite media set a framework within which others operate. http www.chomsky.info articles 199710 .htm The New York Times is used as an example of elite media by both Chomsky, a left wing intellectual, and Bill O Reilly political commentator Bill O Reilly , a right wing commentator. http www.foxnews.com story 0,2933,113614,00.html Thus the term denotes a structural position within the mass media, rather than a particular political agenda. However, the term, like its sibling term liberal elites , may be used by Conservatism conservatives in a pejorative context. See also Academic elitism Media studies Noam Chomsky External links http www.foxnews.com story 0,2933,113614,00.html Bill O Reilly s definition of elite media http www.chomsky.info articles 199710 .htm Noam Chomsky, What Makes Mainstream Media Mainstream? Category Journalism Category American political media US poli stub ... more details
Miervaldis Polis born 23 July 1948, Riga , Latvia is a Latvia n Painting painter and performance art ist. ref cite web url http www.camp.lv lat kolekcija darbi visi makslinieki miervaldis polis title Miervaldis Polis publisher camp.lv language Latvian accessdate 2010 04 07 ref In the early 1970s, he and L ga Purmale , his wife at the time, started a new trend of photorealism in Latvian painting. In the early 1980s, he turned to performance art , one of his most notable performances being The Bronze Man , wherein he roamed the streets of Riga , Latvia , in a bronze suit, covered from head to toe in bronze paint . In the 1990s, after Latvia regained independence, Polis became known as the Latvian Noble court court painter, receiving commissions to paint the portrait s of the Latvian Elitism elite , including former presidents Guntis Ulmanis and Vaira V e Freiberga . References Reflist Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Polis, Miervaldis ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1948 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Polis, Miervaldis Category 1948 births Category Living people Category People from Riga Category Latvian painters Category Performance artists Latvia painter stub ... more details
Unreferenced stub date December 2009 Italictitle The Theatre and Its Double Le Th tre et son Double is a collection of essays by French poet and playwright Antonin Artaud and published in 1938. Artaud intended his work as an attack on theatrical convention and the importance of language of drama, opposing the vitality of the viewer s sensual experience against theatre as a contrived literary form, and urgency of expression against complacency on the part of the audience. The collection s more famous pieces include No More Masterpieces , an attack on what Artaud believed to be the elitism of an irrelevant, outdated literary theatrical canon, and The Theater of Cruelty , where Artaud expressed the importance of recovering the notion of a kind of unique language half way between gesture and thought. The collection is still read to this day, and strongly influenced the directing philosophies of such renowned figures as Peter Brook . See also Le Monde s 100 Books of the Century Le Monde s 100 Books of the Century DEFAULTSORT Theatre And Its Double Category 1938 books Category French books Category Theatre non fiction Category Works by Antonin Artaud Nonfiction book stub Theat stub ... more details
Image Redneck nation.jpg right thumb 175px The cover of the book. Redneck Nation How the South Really Won the War ISBN 0 446 52884 6 is a book by conservatism conservative personality Michael Graham . Released in 2002 by Time Warner Warner Books , the book covers a wide variety of Graham s personal opinions on current and historical events in the context of southern ideas and a Redneck stereotype redneck political point of view. His views on race and social politics within this framework have become a source of contention amongst supporters and critics alike http www.newsjobs.net literalmind content review4.asp?book 140 . His invoking of H. L. Mencken in a quote to begin each chapter is often discussed due to Mencken s sometimes controversial writings on race and elitism. However, National Review National Review Online where Graham is a frequent contributor , in their review of the book, noted that Graham s Menckenesque scorn for boobery happily knows no geographical bounds, http www.nationalreview.com dreher dreher121602.asp . Category Books about United States politics Poli book stub ... more details
In anthropology , an acephalous society from the Greek language Greek for headless is a society which lacks political leaders or hierarchies. Such groups are also known as egalitarian or Social stratification Non stratified societies non stratified societies. Typically these societies are small scale, organized into bands or tribes that make decisions through consensus decision making rather than appointing permanent chiefs or kings. Most foraging or hunter gatherer societies are acephalous. Modern anarchist and libertarian socialist societies that have abolished social inequality e.g., Freetown Christiana , Anarchist Catalonia and the Kibbutz may be considered acephalous as well. External references http anthro.palomar.edu tutorials cglossary.htm Cultural Anthropology Terms See also Anarchism Communism Social stratification Non Stratified Societies Social inequality Elitism Class stratification Egalitarian References Reflist DEFAULTSORT Acephalous Society Category Anthropology Category Anthropological categories of peoples Category Anarchist theory anthropology stub sociology stub polisci stub ca Societat ac fala es Sociedad ac fala ... more details
A Yahoo is a legendary being in the novel Gulliver s Travels 1726 by Jonathan Swift . Swift describes the Yahoos as vile and savage creatures, filthy and with unpleasant habits, resembling human beings far too closely for the liking of protagonist Lemuel Gulliver , who finds the calm and rational society of intelligent horses, the Houyhnhnm s, far preferable. The Yahoos are primitive creatures obsessed with pretty stones they find by digging in mud, thus representing the distasteful materialism and ignorant elitism Swift encountered in Britain. Hence the term yahoo has come to mean a crude, brutish or obscenely coarse person . ref Collins Dictionary ref American frontiersman Daniel Boone , who often used terms from Gulliver s Travels , claimed that he killed a hairy giant that he called a Yahoo. ref http www.encyclopedia.com doc 1G1 16334432.html Did fiction give birth to Bigfoot? by Hugh H. Trotti ref Yahoos were referenced in a letter sent by serial killer David Berkowitz to New York City police while committing the Son of Sam murders in 1976. Participants at the Burning Man Festival use the term Yahoo to refer to non participatory, obnoxious attendees. See also Caveman Houyhnhnm Struldbrug Brobdingnag Lilliput and Blefuscu References references Gulliver s Travels Category Fictional human races Category Pejorative terms for people Category Gulliver s Travels ca Yahoo literatura es Yahoo literatura eu Yahoo literatura fr Yahoo litt rature it Yahoo letteratura pt Yahoo povo fict cio ru ... more details
primarysources date July 2010 Les Inrockuptibles is a France French cultural magazine . Started as a monthly magazine in 1986, it became weekly in 1995. The name is a play on Les Incorruptibles , the French language French title of the American television series The Untouchables 1959 TV series The Untouchables . Les Inrockuptibles is routinely nicknamed Les Inrocks . In the beginning, rock and roll rock music was the magazine s primary focus, though every issue included articles on other artistic domains. Currently, many other topics are tackled film cinema , books , society, etc. The magazine tends to take a left wing and intellectual approach to art and society, lending itself to accusations of elitism and snob bishness. Despite all that, the magazine was instrumental in popularising indie music indie rock music with bands such as the Smiths and The House of Love . It was unofficially coupled with the radio show by Bernard Lenoir having a nearly identical name l inrockuptible. They produced several tribute records, including the influential I m Your Fan to Leonard Cohen in 1991, The Smiths is dead in 1996 and Monsieur Gainsbourg revisited in 2006. There is an Argentine edition, with the name of http www.losinrockuptibles.com Los Inrockuptibles External links http www.lesinrocks.com Official Website in French http www.losinrockuptibles.com Argentine edition DEFAULTSORT Inrockuptibles, Les Category Art magazines Category Music magazines Category French magazines Category Publications established in 1986 Europe entertainment mag stub ca Les Inrockuptibles es Les Inrockuptibles fr Les Inrockuptibles ... more details
The Revolutionary Conservative Caucus was a small, hard right pressure group which stated its aim as Racial Purity and Ruthless Elitism . ref http flag.blackened.net revolt freeearth fe1 britain.html ref It attempted to introduce a new radicalism into British conservatism. ref http www.ferris.edu HTMLS othersrv isar archives2 genewar ritenow.htm Searchlight July 1998 ref It was founded in late 1993 by Stuart Millson, an officer of the Western Goals Institute , and Jonathan Bowden members included Mark Cotterill and Steve Brady formerly of the British National Front National Front , Gregory Lauder Frost also of the Western Goals Institute ref Peter Barberis, John McHugh, Mike Tyldesley Encyclopedia of British and Irish Political Organizations Continuum International Publishing Group 2005 p. 193. ref and Derek Turner journalist Derek Turner . It met limited success in its short existence of under three years, lacking a substantive membership base, although one rumour had them taking over a ward committee of the Conservative Party before being proscribed by Conservative Central Office . Fact date April 2009 Although disbanded after Millson and Bowden parted company, it managed to redraw a right wing nationalist agenda and played a crucial part towards introducing philosophical discussion into far right politics in Britain and was an influence on the establishment of the magazine Right Now magazine Right Now ref http www.ferris.edu HTMLS othersrv isar archives2 genewar ritenow.htm Searchlight July 1998 ref which was edited by Derek Turner. In its lifetime, the Revolutionary Conservative Caucus published policy papers as well as a magazine entitled The Revolutionary Conservative . Issue number 1 gave a very full description of the RCC s ideals, which included a totalitarian onslaught of mind numbing extremity against Political Correctness . Issue number 4 Summer Autumn 1994 had two major treatises on Ethnic Cleansing in Britain , and The Case for Right Wing European Unio ... more details
Unreferenced date March 2009 For nationalist movements in general, see Nationalism . For other meanings of activism, see Activism . The Nationalist activism was an elitism elitist political movement of the early 20th century in Scandinavia , Finland and the Baltic countries . The Activists advocated in brief a close cooperation with Imperial Germany , and active support of Germany s military aims &mdash primarily directed against Imperial Russia , Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Bolshevist Russia and the Soviet Union . The activism was revived in both Finland and Sweden in connection with the Winter War . This activism was ideologically related, although distantly, to the thoughts that would result in Fascism in Italy . Activists were often ardent anti Communism anti Socialists and deeply suspicious of democracy and parliamentarism . In Scandinavia, activist policies were judged unsuccessful when occasionally half ways implemented, as in the years before the dissolution of the Sweden Norway union between Sweden and Norway and in Sweden in the first two years of World War I but in Finland the Activism was seen as successful in establishing the White Guard Finland White Guard , the German trained Finnish J gers J gers , the victory in the Finnish Civil War , and the thereby secured independence. While in Finland the activism would continue in movements of the interbellum the Academic Karelia Society , the Lapua movement and the Patriotic People s Movement Finland Patriotic People s Movement in the Baltic countries and Sweden it hardly survived outside some narrow circles of military officers, industrialists and aristocrats with political ambitions. In Latvia Nationalist activism was represent by P rkonkrusts . In Estonia was Nationalistic Vaps Movement . Category Activism Category History of Sweden Category History of Finland Category Finnish nationalism Poli term stub ... more details
Selection is the stage of a genetic algorithm in which individual genomes are chosen from a population for later breeding recombination or crossover . A generic selection procedure may be implemented as follows The fitness function is evaluated for each individual, providing fitness values, which are then normalized. Normalization means dividing the fitness value of each individual by the sum of all fitness values, so that the sum of all resulting fitness values equals 1. The population is sorted by descending fitness values. Accumulated normalized fitness values are computed the accumulated fitness value of an individual is the sum of its own fitness value plus the fitness values of all the previous individuals . The accumulated fitness of the last individual should of course be 1 otherwise something went wrong in the normalization step . A random number R between 0 and 1 is chosen. The selected individual is the first one whose accumulated normalized value is greater than R . If this procedure is repeated until there are enough selected individuals, this selection method is called fitness proportionate selection or roulette wheel selection . If instead of a single pointer spun multiple times, we have multiple, equally spaced pointers on a wheel that we spin once, it is called stochastic universal sampling . Repeatedly selecting the best individual of a randomly chosen subset is tournament selection . Taking the best half, third or another proportion of the individuals is truncation selection . There are other selection algorithms that do not consider all individuals for selection, but only those with a fitness value that is higher than a given arbitrary constant. Other algorithms select from a restricted pool where only a certain percentage of the individuals are allowed, based on fitness value. Retaining the best individuals in a generation unchanged in the next generation, is called elitism or elitist selection . It is a successful slight variant of the general ... more details
Walter Ellis born September 7, 1948 is a Northern Ireland born, United States based writer . Ellis is the author of The Beginning of the End The Crippling Disadvantage of a Happy Irish Childhood , the story of his early life in Belfast , Durham , Cork city Cork , and Brussels , and his uneasy relationship with his cousin, Ronnie Bunting . He also wrote The Oxbridge Conspiracy How the Ancient Universities Have Kept Their Stranglehold on the Establishment ISBN 0718137485 ISBN 9780718137489 , a study of elitism in higher education in England . He has lived in New York since 2001. His wife Louisa is a graphic design er and Painting painter . Their son, James Ellis musician Jamie Ellis , is a musician. Walter Ellis, formerly a journalist and foreign correspondent for several British and Irish newspapers, is moving into the field of fiction. His thriller, Waiting for Wallenberg , is awaiting publication. References refbegin 2 Ellis, W. 2006 . The Beginning of the End the Crippling Disadvantage of a Happy Irish Childhood . Edinburgh Mainstream Press. ISBN 1 84596 056 4 refend Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Ellis, Walter ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1948 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Ellis, Walter Category 1948 births Category Living people Category Journalists from Northern Ireland Category Non fiction writers from Northern Ireland Category People from Belfast Category People from New York City Ireland writer stub UK nonfiction writer stub ... more details
Dr. Morris Meister was the founder and first principal of the Bronx High School of Science as well as the first president of Bronx Community College . He is regarded for his support and application of laboratory based methods in science education as well as interdisciplinary study. Early life Empty section date July 2010 Principal of the Bronx High School of Science 1938 1958 Early Obstacles Recruiting the Class of 1941, Charges of Elitism, World War II, Co education President of the National Science Teachers Association In 1971 he was awarded the NSTA s Distinguished Service to Science Education Award. President of Bronx Community College 1959 1966 Empty section date July 2010 Theories on Education Interdisciplinary Study Laboratory Based Science Education Famous Quotes Think of science as a powerful searchlight continuously widening its beam and bringing more of the universe into the light, But as the beam of light expands, so does the circumference of darkness. Legacy Meister Auditorium , The Auditorium of the Bronx High School of Science is named after Dr. Morris Meister. His portrait is displayed at its doors. Meister Hall , A building on the campus of Bronx Community College is named after Dr. Morris Meister. External links http www2.bxscience.edu alum bhss meister.htm A Tribute to Founder Dr. Morris Meister Bronx Science http www.bcc.cuny.edu CollegeHistory BCC History of the College s start succession box before none title Principal of The Bronx High School of Science years 1938 &ndash 1958 after Dr. Alexander Taffel s end DEFAULTSORT Meister, Morris Category School principals and headteachers US academic administrator stub ... more details
Typicity French typicit , Italian tipicit is a term in wine tasting used to describe the degree to which a wine reflects its varietal origins, and thus demonstrate the signature characteristics of the grape from which it was produced, i.e., how much a Merlot wine tastes like a Merlot . It is an important component in judging wine competition when wines of the same varietal are judged against each other. ref name Oxford pg 716 J. Robinson ed The Oxford Companion to Wine Third Edition pg 716 Oxford University Press 2006 ISBN 0198609906 ref In some countries, such as Austria wine Austria , typicity is used as part of a qualitative hierarchy that takes into consideration soil, climate and vintage . A similar concept to the French terroir , though slightly less controversial, Austrian Qualitatswein literally quality wine is tested for typicity with the classification printed on the wine label. ref name Oxford pg 54 J. Robinson ed The Oxford Companion to Wine Third Edition pg 54 Oxford University Press 2006 ISBN 0198609906 ref As a concept, typicity relies on both historical precedent and a sentiment of what the present day majority view how a certain variety should taste . This can be considered a subjective and unreliable way to measure wine, ref name Oxford pg 716 opening the door to elitism with what has been criticized by some, such as Sean Thackrey , as viticultural racism . ref Allan Bree http www.gangofpour.com bree profiles thackrey thackrey4.html An Afternoon with Sean Thackrey Califusa s Archive, Gang of Pour Accessed October 15th, 2008 ref References portal wine reflist Category Wine tasting ... more details
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