Electronegativity , symbol the Greek letter chi letter chi , is a chemical property that describes ... Electronegativity ref An atom s electronegativity is affected by both its atomic number and the distance that its valence electrons reside from the charged nucleus. The higher the associated electronegativity ... Bonds and the Relative Electronegativity of Atoms doi 10.1021 ja01348a011 ref it has been shown to correlate with a number of other chemical properties. Electronegativity cannot be directly measured ... been proposed and, although there may be small differences in the numerical values of the electronegativity ... this is known as an electronegativity in Pauling units . Electronegativity, as it is usually calculated ... affinity . It is to be expected that the electronegativity of an element will vary with its chemical ... of situations. br The opposite of electronegativity is electropositivity a measure of an element ... style text align center colspan 20 Atomic radius decreases Ionization energy increases Electronegativity ... ffd100 Lawrencium Lr br 1.3 colspan 20 Periodic table of electronegativity using the Pauling scale ... of calculation Pauling electronegativity Linus Pauling Pauling first proposed ref name paulingJACS the concept of electronegativity in 1932 as an explanation of the fact that the covalent bond between ... form s to the bonding. The difference in electronegativity between atoms A and B is given by math ... in Pauling electronegativity between hydrogen and bromine is 0.73 dissociation energies H Br, 3.79 eV H H, 4.52 eV Br Br 2.00 eV As only differences in electronegativity are defined ... electronegativity was fixed first ref name paulingJACS at 2.1, later revised ref name Allred cite journal ... 3 4 pages 215 221 title Electronegativity values from thermochemical data doi 10.1016 0022 1902 ... Pauling electronegativity for an element, it is necessary to have data on the dissociation energies ... Pauling values of the electronegativity which are most usually used. Mulliken electronegativity ... more details
wiktionary Negativity may refer to negative charge of electricity electronegativity , a chemical property pertaining to the ability to attract electrons Positivity negativity ratio , in behavioral feedback Negativity effect , a psychological bias See also Negative disambiguation Negativism disambiguation disambiguation ... more details
Image Van Arkel Ketelaar triangle.svg thumb 200px right A Van Arkel Ketelaar triangle Bond triangles or Anton Eduard van Arkel Van Arkel Ketelaar triangles are triangles used to show different compounds in varying degrees of ionic bond ionic , metallic bond metallic and covalent bonding . The bond triangle shows that ionic, metallic and covalent bonds are not just particular bonds of a specific type. Rather, bond types are interconnected and different compounds have varying degrees of different bonding character for example, covalent bonds with significant ionic character are called polar covalent bonds . Different compounds can be placed around the triangle. On the right side from ionic to covalent should be compounds with varying difference in electronegativity , in the covalent corner compounds with equal electronegativity such as Cl sub 2 sub chlorine , in the ionic corner compounds with large electronegativity difference such as Sodium chloride NaCl table salt . The bottom side from metallic to covalent is for compounds with varying degree of directionality in the bond. At one extreme is metallic bonds with delocalized bonding and the other are covalent bonds in which the orbitals overlap in a particular direction. The left side from ionic to metallic is for delocalized bonds with varying electronegativity difference. Three species at the vertices of the triangle are cesium metallic , fluorine covalent and cesium fluoride ionic . External links http www.meta synthesis.com webbook 37 ak triangles.html Van Arkel Ketelaar Triangles of Bonding Category Chemical bonding ar es Tri ngulo de Van Arkel Ketelaar ... more details
In chemistry , a polar bond is a type of covalent bond between two atoms or more in which electrons are shared unequally. Because of this, one end of the molecule has a slight, relative negative charge and the other a slight, relative positive charge. Such as the water molecule which is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. Chemical polarity Covalent bond Bond dipole moment Partial charge Dipoles Molecular dipoles Molecular dipole Electronegativity Category Chemical bonding uk ... more details
against the valence electrons of the atom. Electronegativity Main ElectronegativityElectronegativity ... bond. The type of bond formed is largely determined by the difference in electronegativity ... across a period in the periodic table, the electronegativity increases due to the stronger attraction that the atoms obtain as the nuclear charge increases. Moving down a group, the electronegativity ... more details
The Hume Rothery rules , named after William Hume Rothery , are a set of basic rules describing the conditions under which an element could dissolve in a metal , forming a solid solution . There are two sets of rules, one which refers to substitutional solid solutions, and another which refers to Interstitial defect interstitial solid solutions. Substitutional Solid Solution Rules For substitutional solid solutions, the Hume Rothery rules are 1. The Atomic radius atomic radii of the solute and solvent atoms must differ by no more than 15 math mbox difference left frac r solute r solvent r solvent right 100 le 15 . math 2. The crystal structure s of solute and solvent must match. 3. Complete solubility occurs when the solvent and solute have the same Valence chemistry valency . ref Foundations of Materials Science and Engineering , 4th ed., W. Smith and J. Hashemi, pp.139 140 2006 . ref Metals with lower valency will tend to dissolve in metals with higher valency. 4. The solute and solvent should have similar electronegativity . If the electronegativity difference is too great, the metals will tend to form Intermetallics intermetallic compounds instead of solid solutions. Interstitial Solid Solution Rules For Interstitial defect interstitial solid solutions, the Hume Rothery rules are 1. Solute atoms must be smaller than the interstitial sites in the solvent lattice. 2. The solute and solvent should have similar electronegativity . ref cite encyclopedia title Hume Rothery Rules encyclopedia Van Nostrand s Scientific Encyclopedia publisher John Wiley & Sons, Inc year 2002 ref Notes reflist References cite web last Bhadeshia first H. K. D. H. title Solid Solutions The Hume Rothery Rules url http www.msm.cam.ac.uk phase trans 2004 titanium hume.rothery.html accessdate 2007 11 24 Further reading Cite book last Mizutani first Uichiro title Hume Rothery Rules for Structurally Complex Alloy Phases publisher Taylor & Francis date 2010 isbn 9781420090581 DEFAULTSORT Hume Roth ... more details
This page is about transferability in chemistry. Transferability in economics also exists. Transferability , in chemistry , is the assumption that a chemical property that is associated with an atom or a functional group in a molecule will have a similar but not identical value in a variety of different circumstances. ref http goldbook.iupac.org T06441.html Transferability . Compendium of Chemical Terminology . ref Examples of transferable properties include Electronegativity Nucleophilicity Chemical shifts in NMR spectroscopy Characteristic frequencies in Infrared spectroscopy Transferable properties are distinguished from conserved properties , which are assumed to always have the same value whatever the chemical situation, e.g. relative atomic mass . References references chemistry stub Category Chemical properties ja ... more details
Core charge is the effective charge experienced by an outer shell electron , taking into account the shielding effect of inner shell electrons. Core charge can be calculated by the addition of the number of protons in the nucleus minus the number of inner shell electrons and is always a positive value. For the main group elements the core charge is simply the group number. The core charge can be used to explain a number of periodic trends such as atomic radius, 1st ionization energy IE , electronegativity, oxidizing and reducing strength. Since the core charge increases as you move across a period, the outer shell electrons are pulled more and more strongly towards the nucleus and the atomic radius decreases. The core charge can sometimes be considered with the nuclear charge. Furthermore, the core charge is merely a man made method of explaining the trends in the periodic table. Category Quantum chemistry chemistry stub orphan date November 2007 unreferenced date November 2007 ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 A metaoxyacid is an acid related to oxoacid . Like oxoacids, metaoxyacids share a few similarities. ref Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds Or, Organic Chemistry. Victor von Richter.Blakiston. http books.google.com books?id qxNDAAAAIAAJ ref Specifically they contains oxygen contains at least one other Chemical element element has at least one hydrogen atom bound to oxygen and forms an ion by the loss of one or more protons. However, they are distinguished in that metaoxyacids have a distinct, differing molecular structure from all oxoacids dissolve in a dissimilar manner are more stable and do not disperse in aqueous solutions Generally, oxoacids are simply polyatomic ions with a hydrogen cation , and a metaoxyacid is similar but less reactive. See also Strong Acid Weak Acid Electronegativity References reflist Category Acids chem stub ... more details
saved book title Chemistry subtitle cover image Chemicals in flasks.jpg cover color Black Chemistry Overview Alchemy Chemistry History of chemistry Alchemy and chemistry in medieval Islam Timeline of chemistry Atoms and molecules Atom Atomic nucleus Proton Neutron Electron Chemical element Isotope Ion Molecule Chemical compound Chemical substance Common phases of matter Phase matter Phases Gas Liquid Solid Periodic table Valence electron Periodic table Periodic trends Period periodic table Period Group periodic table Group Chemical concepts Ionic radius Effective nuclear charge Electronegativity Mole unit Mole Lewis structure Chemical bond Chemical reactions Chemical reaction Chemical law Solution Acid Redox Reduction oxidation Miscellaneous Chemistry etymology Etymology Chemical industry Category Wikipedia books on chemistry ... more details
In chemistry , heterolysis or heterolytic fission from Greek , heteros, different, and , lusis, loosening is chemical bond cleavage of a neutral molecule generating a cation and an anion . ref GoldBookRef title heterolysis heterolytic file H02809 ref In this process the two electron s that make up the bond are assigned to the same fragment. The more Electronegativity electronegative fragment receives both electrons. math A B longrightarrow A B math The energy involved in this process is called heterolytic bond dissociation energy . Bond cleavage is also possible by a process called homolysis . In heterolysis additional energy is required to separate the ion pair. An ionising solvent helps reduce this energy. In biology , heterolysis refers to apoptosis induced by hydrolytic enzymes from surrounding usually inflammatory cells. Autolysis is apoptosis of a cell by its own enzymes. See also Homolysis References Reflist chemistry stub Category Chemical reactions ar cy Heterolysis de Heterolytische Spaltung es Heter lisis he nl Heterolytische splitsing ja sh Heteroliza ... more details
Orphan date December 2009 Unsourced image removed Image TBP Structure.PNG frame Apical and equatorial positions in trigonal bipyramidal structure Apicophilicity is the phenomenon in which Electronegativity electronegative substituents of orbital hybridisation trigonal bipyramidal pentacoordinate Chemical compound compounds prefer to occupy apical positions L sub ap sub ref http goldbook.iupac.org AT06990.html IUPAC Gold Book ref . The term apicophilicity was first proposed by Earl L. Muetterties in 1963 for the structural analysis of pentacoordinate phosphorus fluoride s by sup 19 sup F Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR . Since the apical bonding of a pentacoordinate typical Periodic table group group 1, 2, 13 18 element compound consists of a 3 center 4 electron bond, in which the electron density is localized on two apical substituent s, an arrangement in which electronegative substituents occupy apical positions is more stable. The apicophilicity of a substituent is defined as the difference in energy between two isomer ic structures in which the substituent occupies an apical position and an equatorial position L sub eq sub . Experimentally, instead of direct measurement of the energy difference, which is usually difficult to measure, the relative energy barrier s for pseudorotation of isomers are used for determination of the apicophilicity scale. Some experimental and theoretical studies have been made to measure relative apicophilicities for various substituents. The apicophilicity of a substituent mainly depends on its electronegativity, but some other factors can also have an effect. A bulky substituent prefers equatorial positions, which are more distant from other substituents. A substituent with pi bond bonding ability also prefers equatorial positions. The use of multidentate ligands can also control the arrangement of substituents. For example, a bidentate ligand with a five membered ring structure greatly stabilizes the arrangement in which their two c ... more details
The C H bond is a covalent bond bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms, most commonly found in organic compound s. ref name March JerryMarch ref Carbon hydrogen bonds have a bond length of about 1.09 ngstr m 1.09 10 sup 10 sup m and a bond energy of about 413 Joule kJ Mole unit mol see table below . Using electronegativity Pauling s scale C 2.5 and H 2.1 the electronegativity difference between these two atoms is 0.4. Because of this small difference in electronegativities, the C H bond is generally regarded as being non polar. In structural formula s of molecules, the hydrogen atoms are often omitted. Compound classes consisting solely of C H bonds and carbon carbon bond C C bonds are alkane s, alkene s, alkyne s, and aromatic hydrocarbon s. Reactions The C H bond in general is unreactive. In several compound classes, collectively called carbon acid s, the C H bond can be sufficiently acidic for proton removal. Unactivated C H bonds are found in alkanes and are not adjacent to a heteroatom O, N, Si, etc. . Such bonds usually only participate in radical substitution . Another reaction type involving C H bonds is so called C H bond activation mediated by metals and carbene C H insertion . Although the C H bond is one of the strongest, it varies over 30 in magnitude for fairly stable organic compounds, even in the absence of heteroatoms. ref http www.cem.msu.edu reusch OrgPage bndenrgy.htm dissbe ref class wikitable style text align center Bond Hydrocarbon radical Bond Dissociation Energy kcal mole CH sub 3 sub H Methyl 103 C sub 2 sub H sub 5 sub H Ethyl 98 CH sub 3 sub sub 2 sub HC H Isopropyl 95 CH sub 3 sub sub 3 sub C H tert Butyl 93 CH sub 2 sub CH H vinyl 112 C sub 6 sub H sub 5 sub H phenyl 110 CH sub 2 sub CHCH sub 2 sub H Allyl 88 C sub 6 sub H sub 5 sub CH sub 2 sub H Benzyl 85 OC sub 4 sub H sub 7 sub H THF tetrahydrofuranyl 92 Nomenclature The C H bond is formally named carbogen. See also Hydrocarbon hide in print ChemicalBondsToCarbon References Refli ... more details
pm. This value, however, is inaccurate due to the large electronegativity and small radius of fluorine ... thumb 300px right By plotting electronegativity versus covalent radius, Gillespie et al. deduced ... found by plotting the covalent radii against the electronegativity see figure . From this, they discovered ... more details
electronegativity compared to the carbon atom. This can be most effectively visualized in an Density ... are awarded to the atom with the greater electronegativity . The oxidation state view of the CO ... the ionic nature of the bonding most chemists agree that the difference in electronegativity between ... more details
, because the small boron atoms fill the existing spaces between the rhenium atoms. Furthermore, the electronegativity electronegativities of rhenium and boron are close enough 1.9 and 2.04 on the Electronegativity Pauling electronegativity Pauling scale that they form covalent bonds in which the electrons ... more details
of electrons between atoms, as electrons will spend more time closer to the atom with the higher electronegativity ... the polarity of a covalent bond using numerical means, the difference between the electronegativity ... due to differences in electronegativity as described above, or as a result of an asymmetric arrangement ... O O bonds are non polar there is no electronegativity difference between atoms of the same element ... molecule chem O 2 does not have polarity in the covalent bond because of equal electronegativity ... Colloid Detergent Dipole Covalent bond Electronegativity Dielectric Chemical bonding References ... more details
chembox verifiedrevid 414494090 ImageFile Sulfid st brn .PNG ImageSize ImageName Silver sulfide IUPACName Silver sulfide SystematicName OtherNames Section1 Chembox Identifiers Abbreviations CASNo 21548 73 2 CASNo Ref cascite EINECS EINECSCASNO PubChem SMILES InChI RTECS MeSHName ChEBI KEGG Ref keggcite correct kegg KEGG ATCCode prefix ATCCode suffix ATC Supplemental Section2 Chembox Properties Formula Ag sub 2 sub S MolarMass 247.8 g mol Appearance Black cubic crystal Density 7.23 g cm sup 3 sup MeltingPt 1098 kelvin K 825 celsius C Melting notes 825 C BoilingPt Boiling notes Solubility 8.5 sup 12 sup mg L SolubleOther soluble in nitric acid and sulfuric acid Solvent LogP VaporPressure HenryConstant AtmosphericOHRateConstant pKa pKb Section3 Chembox Structure CrystalStruct orthogonal Coordination MolShape Section4 Chembox Thermochemistry DeltaHf 32.6 kJ mol DeltaHc Entropy 144.0 J mol K HeatCapacity Section5 Chembox Pharmacology AdminRoutes Bioavail Metabolism HalfLife ProteinBound Excretion Legal status Legal US Legal UK Legal AU Legal CA PregCat PregCat AU PregCat US Section6 Chembox Explosive ShockSens FrictionSens ExplosiveV REFactor Section7 Chembox Hazards EUClass EUIndex MainHazards May cause irritation NFPA H NFPA F NFPA R NFPA O RPhrases SPhrases RSPhrases FlashPt Autoignition ExploLimits LD50 PEL Section8 Chembox Related OtherAnions OtherCations OtherFunctn Function OtherCpds Silver sulfide , Ag sub 2 sub S, is the sulfide of silver . This dense black solid constitutes the tarnish that forms over time on silverware and other silver objects. ref Silver, Chemical Element http www.chemistryexplained.com elements P T Silver.html ref Silver sulfide is Solubility insoluble in all solvents, but is degraded by strong acids. Silver Sulfide is a covalent bond, as it is made up of silver electronegativity of 1.98 and sulfur electronegativity of 2.58 . It is a component of classical qualitative inorganic analysis . ref Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd ref When formed on contact ... more details
Unreferenced date February 2007 A diagonal relationship is said to exist between certain pairs of diagonally adjacent chemical element element s in the second and third periods of the periodic table . These pairs lithium Li and Mg, Be and Aluminium Al , boron B and silicon Si etc . exhibit similar properties for example, boron and silicon are both semiconductor s, forming halides that are hydrolysed in water and have acidic oxides. Such relationship occurs because crossing and descending the periodic table have opposite effects. On moving across a period of the periodic table, the size of the atom s decreases, and on moving down a group the size of the atoms increases. Similarly, on moving across the period, the elements become progressively more covalent , less basic and more Electronegativity electronegative , whereas on moving down the group the elements become more ion ic, more basic and less electronegative. Thus, on both descending a group and crossing the period by one element, the changes cancel each other out, and elements with similar properties which have similar chemistry are often found the atomic size, electronegativity, properties of compounds and so forth of the diagonal members are similar. It is found that the chemistry of a first row second period element often has similarities to the chemistry of the second row third period element being one column to the right of it in the Periodic Table. Thus, the chemistry of Li has similarities to that of Mg, the chemistry of Be has similarities to that of Al, and the chemistry of B has similarities to that of Si. These are called diagonal relationships NB It is not as noticeable after B and Si . The reasons for why diagonal relationships exist are not fully understood, but charge density is a factor. For example, Li is a small cation with a 1 charge and Mg2 is somewhat larger with a 2 charge, so the charge density on each ion is roughly the same. Using the Li Mg pair under room temperature and pressure Li an ... more details
orphan date August 2010 Infobox Software name EleMints logo Image EleMints icon.png 128px screenshot Image EleMints screenshot.png 220px A screenshot of EleMints caption EleMints screenshot developer App Kainime latest release version 1.2 65 latest release date April 19, 2009 operating system iPhone OS genre Periodic Table website http www.elemintsapp.com www.elemintsapp.com EleMints is a periodic table application software application distributed on the App Store . It was developed by Dimitri Bouniol. It features a periodic table , plot graph, element listing, article database, and molar mass calculator. Periodic Table The periodic table can be colored in a variety of ways depending on what property was chosen. Supported properties are Classification, Electronegativity , Melting Point , Boiling Point , State of matter Physical State , Density , Specific Heat , Crystal Structure , Atomic radius Empirical Atomic Radius , Atomic radius Calculated Atomic Radius , Covalent radius Covalent Radius , Van der Waals Radius , Covalent radius Triple Bond Covalent Radius , Metallic Radius , Atomic Weight , Period periodic table Period , Group periodic table Group , Block, Number of Protons , Number of Neutrons , Number of Nucleons , and Proton Neutron Ratio. ref cite web url http www.appkainime.com software elemints userguide.html title EleMints User Guide publisher App Kainime ref The periodic table can also be zoomed by performing a pinch gesture. Upon zooming, crystal structure and State of matter physical state diagrams are present. Plot Graph The plot graph provides a way to analyze how certain properties change across a Period periodic table period or down a Group periodic table group . Supported properties are Classification, Electronegativity , Melting Point , Boiling Point , State of matter Physical State , Density , Specific Heat , Oxidation State , Atomic radius Empirical Atomic Radius , Atomic radius Calculated Atomic Radius , Covalent radius Covalent Radius , Van d ... more details
Seealso Resonance chemistry File Mesomeric effect M V.1.png thumb right 600px M effect of a methoxy group in an ether File Mesomeric effect M V.1.png thumb right 420px M effect of a carbonyl group in acroleine The mesomeric effect or resonance effect in chemistry is a property of substituent s or functional group s in a chemical compound . The effect is used in a qualitative way and describes the electron withdrawing or releasing properties of substituents based on relevant resonance structure s and is symbolized by the letter M . The mesomeric effect is negative M when the substituent is an electron withdrawing group and the effect is positive M when based on resonance and the substituent is an electron releasing group. Examples of M substituents acetyl IUPAC ethanoyl nitrile Nitro compound nitro Examples of M substituents alcohol amine The net electron flow from or to the substituent is determined also by the inductive effect . The mesomeric effect as a result of p Atomic orbital orbital overlap resonance has absolutely no effect on this inductive effect, as the inductive effect is purely to do with the electronegativity of the atoms and their topology in the molecule which atoms are connected to which . The concepts of mesomeric effect, mesomerism and mesomer were introduced by Christopher Kelk Ingold Ingold in 1938 as an alternative to the Linus Pauling Pauling s synonymous concept of resonance effect resonance . ref If It s Resonance, What Is Resonating? Kerber, Robert C. . J. Chem. Educ. 2006 83 223. http www.jce.divched.org Journal Issues 2006 Feb abs223.html Abstract ref Mesomerism in this context is often encountered in German and French literature but in English literature the term resonance dominates. Mesomerism in conjugated systems Mesomeric effect can be transmitted along any number of carbon atoms in a conjugated system . This accounts for the resonance stabilization of the molecule due to delocalization of charge. See also List of publications in che ... more details
No footnotes date October 2009 Image A Galvanised Corpse.jpg thumb right Cartoon of a galvanised corpse In biology , galvanism is the contraction of a muscle that is stimulated by an electric Current electricity current . In physics and chemistry , it is the induction of electrical current from a chemical reaction, typically between two chemicals with differing electronegativity electronegativities . History The effect was named by Alessandro Volta after his contemporary, the scientist Luigi Galvani , who investigated the effect of electricity on dissected animals in the 1780s and 1790s. Galvani himself referred to the phenomenon as animal electricity , believing that he had discovered a distinct form of electricity. Volta, on the other hand, claimed that the reputed animal electricity was due to an interaction between the metals used to mount and dissect the frog s leg, and in 1800, before the Royal Society in London, announced the Voltaic Cell or pile, essentially the battery. Modern studies The modern study of galvanic effects in biology is called electrophysiology , the term galvanism being used only in historical contexts. The term is also used to describe the bringing to life of organisms using electricity, as popularly associated with but never explicitly depicted in Mary Shelley s work Frankenstein , and people still speak of being galvanized into action . Fictional references Many Victorian scientists believed that if the right amount of electricity was charged into the brain, the corpse would come back to life for a short while. See also Electrotherapy Frankenstein External links http www.corrosion doctors.org Definitions galvanism.htm The history of galvanism Category Muscular system muscle stub physics stub de Galvanismus es Galvanismo fr Galvanisme gl Galvanismo it Galvanismo nl Galvanisme sv Galvanism ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Year nav topic 1934 science The year 1934 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below. Astronomy Richard Tolman shows that black body radiation in an expanding universe cools but remains thermal. Georges Lema tre interprets the cosmological constant as due to a vacuum energy with an unusual perfect fluid equation of state . Chemistry The Mulliken scale of chemical element electronegativity is developed by Robert S. Mulliken . Physics Sonoluminescence is discovered at the University of Cologne . Technology The 135 film cartridge was introduced in Germany and the United States with the Kodak Retina camera, making 35mm film easy to use. Awards Nobel Prize Nobel Prize in Physics Physics not awarded Nobel Prize in Chemistry Chemistry Harold Clayton Urey Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Physiology or Medicine George Hoyt Whipple , George Richards Minot , William Parry Murphy Births March 9 Yuri Gagarin d. 1968 in science 1968 , astronaut cosmonaut , the first man in outer space space . March 31 Carlo Rubbia , physicist , Nobel Prize in Physics Nobel laureate in Physics . April 3 Jane Goodall , Primatology primatologist . November 9 Carl Sagan d. 1996 in science 1996 , astronomer . Deaths January 29 Fritz Haber b. 1868 in science 1868 , chemist . July 4 Marie Curie b. 1867 in science 1867 , physicist . November 20 Willem de Sitter b. 1872 in science 1872 , mathematician , physicist and astronomer . DEFAULTSORT 1934 In Science Category 1934 Science, 1934 In Category 1934 in science fr 1934 en science he 1934 mk 1934 nl Wetenschap in 1934 pl 1934 w nauce pt 1934 na ci ncia sv Vetenskaps ret 1934 ... more details
Unreferenced auto yes date December 2009 In physics , polarity is a description of an attribute, typically a binary attribute one with two values , or a Euclidean vector vector a direction . For example An electric charge has a polarity of either positive or negative. A battery contains polarity, with the two and terminals. Similar to electric charge, the energy flows from the positive terminal, through the battery, to the negative terminal, and exits the dry cell. A voltage has a polarity, in that it could be positive or negative with respect to some other voltage, such as the one at the other end of a battery electricity battery or electric circuit . A magnet has a polarity, in that one end is the north and the other is the south . The Spin physics spin of an entity in quantum mechanics has a polarity positive or negative. Polarized light has waves which all line up in the same direction. Chemical polarity is a feature of chemical bond s, where two different atom s in the same molecule have different electronegativity . As a result, the electrons in the bond are not shared equally by the two atoms. This causes an asymmetrical polar electric field. Molecular covalent bond s can be described as polar or nonpolar. Entire molecules can also be described as polar. See also In phase Phase cancellation Phase difference Wiktionary DEFAULTSORT Polarity Physics Physics stub bs Polarnost de Polarit t Physik eo Poluseco fr Polarit hr Polarnost io Polareso id Polaritas fisika nl Polariteit chemisch pl Polarno simple Polarity sr sh Polarnost Category Physics ... more details
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