otheruses Efficiency in general describes the extent to which time or effort is well used for the intended ... of waste, expense, or unnecessary effort. Efficiency has widely varying meanings in different disciplines ..., efficiency is a measureable concept, quantitiatively determined by the ratio of output to maximal ... concerned with achieving objectives. In several of these cases, efficiency can be expressed as a result ... apply, not even in all cases where efficiency can be assigned a numerical value, e.g. not for specific impulse. A slightly broader model of efficiency that nevertheless remains consistent with the percentage definition in many cases is to say that efficiency corresponds to the ratio r P C of the amount ... conversion efficiency of heat engine heat engines in thermodynamics , the product P may .... Due to the conservation of energy, P can never be greater than C , and so the efficiency r is never ... In physics Efficient energy use , useful work per quantity of energy Energy conversion efficiency ... efficiency , useful power output per electrical power consumed Fuel efficiency , converting energy in fuel to kinetic energy or work Specific impulse , in propulsion systems, a measure of fuel efficiency Lighting efficiency , visible light from a light source per unit of energy, in lumens per watt Mechanical efficiency , the effectiveness of a simple machine, mechanical advantage over ideal mechanical ... efficiency Energy efficiency , measure of second law thermodynamic loss Thermal efficiency , useful work per the higher heating value of the fuel Radiation efficiency, ratio of radiated power to power absorbed at the terminals of an antenna Volumetric efficiency , in internal combustion engine design for the RAF Lift to drag ratio Faraday Efficiency , electrolysis Quantum efficiency , a measure of sensitivity of a photosensitive device Grating efficiency, a generalization of the reflectance of a mirror, extended to a diffraction grating In economics Economic efficiency , a general term, capturing ... more details
Efficiency expert may refer to Ergonomics expert Business efficiency expert see also, Layoffs The Efficiency Expert novel The Efficiency Expert , a 1921 novel by Edgar Rice Burroughs See also Spotswood film Spotswood film , US title The Efficiency Expert , Australian comedy film released in 1992 disambig ... more details
wiktionary efficiencyEfficiency is the extent to which time or effort is well used for the intended task or purpose. Efficiency may also refer to Efficiency apartment or Studio apartment, a one room apartment A measure of goodness for a Efficient estimator statistical estimator . See also Efficient disambiguation Effectiveness Inefficiency Efficacy disambig ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 merge Economic efficiency date March 2010 Dynamic efficiency is a term in economics , which refers to an economy that appropriately balances short run concerns static efficiency with concerns in the long run focusing on encouraging research and development . ref Joseph E Stiglitz and Carl E Walsh, Economics London, WW Norton, 4th Ed, 2006 Glossary A 3 ref Through dynamic efficiency, such an economy is able to further improve efficiency over time. Investments in education , research and innovation are important in this process. Dynamic efficiency also refers to the ability to adapt quickly and at low cost to changed economic conditions and thereby maintain output and productivity performance despite economic shocks . Dynamic efficiency is pursued through microeconomic reform and increased competition , which provide incentives for businesses to innovate and adapt. See also Creative destruction and Joseph Schumpeter Productive efficiency and Pareto efficiency and Kaldor Hicks efficiency Allocative efficiency X efficiency Prices , profit economics and property rights Economic efficiency Hotelling s rule Notes Reflist Category Welfare economics ... more details
Energy efficiency may refer to Efficient energy use , sometimes simply called energy efficiency Energy conversion efficiency , the ratio between the output and input of an energy conversion machine Energy conservation , efforts made to reduce energy consumption Disambig ... more details
unreferenced date March 2007 Transport efficiency is a measure of how much it costs in dollars, time, energy or other kinds of overhead to move a certain amount of something goods, people, other types of load . Examples of usage are Speed times payload kilogram kilometres per hour , as seen in Tiltrotor As a more wide reaching consideration of costs than fuel efficiency As a generic term for this does better , as seen in Volvo B10BLE Transport efficiency often termed transportation efficiency is very often used as a political slogan when one talks about reducing the cost of transport in order to make business more competitive, it gives a more positive image to talk about increasing transport efficiency . Examples of this usage include The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act , seeking to legislate efficient transport. The Coalition for America s Gateways and Trade Corridors has made transport efficiency their main cause. The New Mobility Agenda uses it as an example of old thinking about transport. See also Fuel efficiency in transportation Category Business economics Category Transport Efficiency id Efisiensi transportasi ... more details
The efficiency of a plant is the percentage of the total energy content of a power plant s fuel that is converted into electricity . The remaining energy is usually lost to the environment as heat unless it is used for district heating . This is complicated by the fact that there are two different ways to measure the fuel energy input LCV Lower Calorific Value, which is the same as NCV Net Calorific Value, or, HCV Higher Calorific Value which is the same as GCV, Gross Calorific Value. Depending on which convention is used, a differences of 10 in the apparent efficiency of a gas fired plant can arise, so it is very important to know which convention, HCV or LCV NCV or GCV is being used. See also portal Energy Fuel efficiency Energy conversion efficiency Thermal efficiency Electrical efficiency Mechanical efficiency Relative cost of electricity generated by different sources Power generating equipment efficiency and carbon footprint References Reflist Category Thermodynamics Category Energy economics Category Energy conservation Energy stub ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Orphan date February 2009 The counting efficiency is the ratio between the number of Elementary particle particle s or photons counted with a Geiger counter radiation counter and the number of particles or photons of the same type and energy emitted by the radiation source IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology 2nd Edition, 1997 . Counting efficiency varies for different isotopes, sample compositions and scintillation counters. Poor counting efficiency can be caused by an extremely low energy to light conversion rate, scintillation efficiency which, even optimally, will be a small value. It has been calculated that only some 4 of the energy from a emission event is converted to light by even the most efficient scintillation cocktails. ref name test http nationaldiagnostics.com article info.php articles id 119 , additional text. ref DEFAULTSORT Counting Efficiency Category Experimental particle physics references http nationaldiagnostics.com article info.php articles id 119 ... more details
Unreferenced date January 2009 In physics , mechanical efficiency is the effectiveness of a machine and is defined as math text Mechanical Efficiency frac text Work output text Work input math Mechanical efficiency is the an ratio of work output to work input. It is often expressed as a percentage . While the efficiency of an ideal machine is 100 percent, an actual machine s efficiency will always be less than 100 because of the second law of thermodynamics , which states that the quality of energy will decay, eventually becoming heat. This means that some of the work put into the system is transformed lost into thermal energy heat . In a mechanical system, friction is the most common means by which work is lost to heat. The actual mechanical advantage of a system is always less than the ideal mechanical advantage due to these losses. Another way to express mechanical efficiency is it is the ratio of actual mechanical advantage to ideal mechanical advantage. Creating a perpetual motion machine of the third kind would require 100 percent mechanical efficiency. By recycling the work output back to the work input, a perpetual motion machine could maintain its movement forever. In controlled environments, low friction mechanisms can come close to the ideal efficiency. However, to maintain a perfectly ideal mechanism, the temperature output must be the absolute zero , which is impossible to reach due to the third law of thermodynamics . Therefore, perfect mechanical efficiency can never be achieved. See also Mechanical advantage Thermal efficiency Electrical efficiency Internal combustion engine Electric motor Category Mechanical engineering classicalmechanics stub ar he sk Mechanick innos it Rendimento meccanico ... more details
Exergy efficiency also known as the second law efficiency or rational efficiency computes the efficiency of a process taking the second law of thermodynamics into account. Motivation From the second law ... the thermodynamic efficiency energy efficiency of a system, the figure found gives no indication of how ..., the rational efficiency of a system can reach 100 because the work output is compared to the potential ... than its energy efficiency. Definition The energy B balance of a process gives math B in B out B lost B destroyed qquad mbox 1 math with exergy efficiency defined as math eta B frac B out B in 1 frac ... and math dot m fuel math is the mass flow rate of fuel. In the same way the energy efficiency can ... 0 1 mathrm bar math , for all fuels math Delta G 0 T Delta H 0 T math so the exergy efficiency must always be greater than the energy efficiency. Application The destruction of exergy is closely related ... a low energy efficiency. As an example the combustion process inside a power stations gas turbine ... from equations 3 and 4 we can see that the energy efficiency will be correspondingly larger than the energy law efficiency. For example, a typical combined cycle power plant burning methane may have an energy efficiency of 55 , while its exergy efficiency will be 57 . A 100 energy efficient methane fired power station would correspond to an energy efficiency of 98 . This means that for many of the fuels we use, the maximum efficiency that can be achieved is 90 , however we are restricted to the Carnot efficiency in many situations as a heat engine is being used. Carnot A common misconception is that the energy efficiency compares a given cycle to a Carnot heat engine . This is incorrect because ... engine. Second law efficiency under maximum power Neither first or second laws of thermodynamics ... transformation is included in the measure of second law efficiency it is known as second law efficiency .... 101 . See also Energy Energy conversion efficiency Maximum power principle References M.W. Gilliland ... more details
See also energy efficiency Energy conversion efficiency refimprove date October 2008 The efficiency of an entity a machine device , electronic component component , or system in electronics and electrical engineering is defined as useful power output divided by the total electrical power consumed a vulgar ... small Eta . math mathrm Efficiency frac mathrm Useful power output mathrm Total power input math Efficiency of typical electrical devices Efficiency should not be confused with effectiveness a system .... The term efficiency makes sense only in reference to the wanted effect. A light bulb , for example, might have 2 efficiency at emitting light yet still be 98 efficient at heating a room In practice ... gate is highly effective, yet it has an electrical efficiency close to 0 . An electric fire is 100 efficient in terms of converting electrical energy into the desired result, i.e., heating. Efficiency ... maximum power to a load when running at 50 electrical efficiency. This occurs when the load ... resistance of the power source. This is valid only for non reactive source and load impedances. Efficiency ... of efficiency for various types of lamps Incandescent light bulb about 2 . Compact fluorescent lamp about 7 to 9 . White light emitting diode LED about 4 to 10 . Discussion High efficiency is useful in the design ... against the cost of attaining greater efficiency choosing different components or redesigning the system ... Theorem Micro Sustainability Negawatt power Power generating equipment efficiency and carbon footprint Standby power Other measures of efficiency Thermal efficiency Mechanical efficiency Performance per watt Efficiency improvement initiatives 80 plus One watt initiative Energy star Mechanical efficiency ... www.sengpielaudio.com calculator efficiency.htm Conversion Energy efficiency in percent of passive ... Implementing Agreement to promote energy efficiency and standards for electrical products worldwide DEFAULTSORT Electrical Efficiency Category Electrical engineering de Wirkungsgrad ru ... more details
Image BuildingSite.jpg thumb left 250px Building construction can be a materially consumptive endeavor. Material efficiency is a description or Metric mathematics metric which expresses the degree in which usage of raw materials, construction projects or physical processes are used or carried out in a manner which consumes, incorporates, or wastes less of a given material compared to previous measures. ref http www.akzonobel.com sustainability planet material efficiency Material Efficiency from http www.akzonobel.com Akzonobel . Retrieved April 2009. ref Making a usable item out of thinner stock than a prior version increases the material efficiency of the manufacturing process. The term Material efficiency can also signify the degree in which a material can handle a particular load, strain or weight upon it. See also Portal box Sustainable Development Energy Conservation ethic Conservation movement Ecological deficit Environmental protection Global hectare References Reflist External links http www.worldresourcesforum.org World Resources Forum Platform for Material Efficiency. Sustainability stub Category Sustainability ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Transformation efficiency is the efficiency by which cells can take up extracellular DNA and express genes encoded by it. This is based on the competence biology competence of the cells. It can be calculated by dividing the number of successful transformants by the amount of DNA used during a transformation genetics transformation procedure. Transformants are cells which have taken up DNA foreign, artificial or modified and which can express genes on the introduced DNA. Factors affecting transformation efficiency A study done in E. coli found that transformation efficiency declines linearly with increasing plasmid size, and that there is a similar transformation efficiency for relaxed and DNA supercoil supercoiled plasmids. This study also found that individual cells were capable of taking up many DNA molecules, and that the presence of multiple plasmids did not significantly affect the occurrence of successful transformation events. ref cite journal author Hanahan D title Studies on the transformation of Escherichia coli with plasmids journal J Mol Bio volume 166 issue 4 pages 557 580 year 1983 pmid 6345791 doi 10.1016 S0022 2836 83 80284 8 ref See also Transformation genetics References references External links http www.sciencegateway.org tools transform.htm Bacteria Transformation Efficiency Calculator Category Genetics ... more details
Multiple issues wikify September 2010 advert October 2010 Resource efficiency aims to minimise waste in the use of resources by promoting recycling and developing markets for valuable products. WRAP Waste and Resources Programme ref http www.wrap.org.uk index.html ref is a UK organisation which works with partners to improve resource efficiency. WRAP works with the public by providing information and tools that support recycling and reduce food waste. This helps bring measurable gains to the economy and long term benefits to the environment. References references DEFAULTSORT Resource Efficiency Category Recycling ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2006 Translational efficiency , in the context of cell biology, is the rate of mRNA Translation biology translation into protein s within Cell biology cell s. Category Cell biology cell biology stub ... more details
Bayesian efficiency addresses an appropriate economic definition of Pareto efficiency where there is incomplete information . ref name implementation Palfrey, Thomas R. Srivastava, Sanjay Postlewaite, A. 1993 http books.google.com books?id lZTls JJSxgC&pg PA14&dq there is no other Bayesian incentive compatible allocation rule that is&sig ZXeayrAFXGaZM4iwZGwRrgA qow PPA13,M1 Bayesian Implementation. Pg. 13 14. ISBN 3718653141 ref Under Pareto efficiency, an allocation of a resource is Pareto efficient if there is no other allocation of that resource that makes no one worse off while making some agents strictly better off. ref name implementation A limitation with the concept of Pareto efficiency is that it assumes that knowledge about other market participants is available to all participants in that every player knows the payoffs and strategies available to other players so as to have incomplete information. ref name implementation Often, the players have types that are hidden from the other player. ref name implementation The lack of complete information raises a question of when the efficiency calculation should be made. ref name implementation Should the efficiency check be made at the ex ante stage before the agent sees their types, at the interim stage after the agent sees their types, or at the ex post stage where the agent will have complete information about their types? Another issue is incentive. ref name implementation If a resource allocation rule is efficient but there is no incentive to abide by that rule or accept that rule, then the revelation principle asserts that there is no mechanism by which this allocation rule can be realized. ref name implementation Bayesian efficiency overcomes problems of the Pareto efficiency by accounting for incomplete information, by addressing the timing of the evaluation ex ante efficient, interim efficient, or post ante ... References reflist game theory Category Economic efficiency Category Game theory Category Law and economics ... more details
In economics , the term economic efficiency refers to the use of resources so as to maximize the production .... Production proceeds at the lowest possible per unit cost. These definitions of efficiency ... thought on economic efficiency, which respectively emphasize the distortions created by governments ... faire. Further, there are differences in views on microeconomic versus macroeconomic efficiency, some ... how to maximize efficiency, with some advocating laissez faire, to remove government distortions ... theorem provides some basis for the belief in efficiency of market economies, as it states that any perfectly competitive market equilibrium is Pareto efficiency Pareto efficient . Strictly speaking ... markets. Furthermore, Pareto efficiency is a minimal notion of optimality and does not necessarily ... economic distortions via deregulation , and increase economic efficiency. However, there is no clear ... efficiency. The Theory of the Second Best states that if there is some unavoidable market distortion in one sector, a move toward greater market perfection in another sector may actually decrease efficiency. Criteria There are several alternate criteria for economic efficiency, these include Pareto efficiency Kaldor Hicks efficiency X efficiency Allocative efficiency Distributive efficiency Dynamic efficiency Productive efficiency Optimisation of a social welfare function Utility maximization For applications ... basics Microeconomic reform Competing goals see also Welfare economics Efficiency is but one of many vying goals in an economic system, and different notions of efficiency may be complementary or may be at odds. Most commonly, efficiency is contrasted or paired with morality, particularly liberty and justice . Some economic policies may be seen as increasing efficiency, but at the cost to liberty or justice, while others may be argued to both increase efficiency and be more free or just. There is debate ..., regardless of whether it increases efficiency, for example in the early 20th century American ... more details
and shot attempts. The efficiency stat, in theory, accounts for both a player s offensive contributions points, assists and his defensive contributions steals, blocks , but it is generally felt that efficiency .... Individual player efficiency is expressed there by a stat referred to as efficiency and abbreviated ... is the current http www.nba.com statistics player Efficiency.jsp official NBA Efficiency Leaders EFF list. PER The most commonly used alternative to the EFF is the Player Efficiency Rating developed ... systems. See PER Player Efficiency Rating A PER of 15 is considered average across the entire ... typically seek to enlist at least two star players with high efficiency ratings above ... active NBA players known for consistently high efficiency ratings include, in no particular order, LeBron ... Efficiency Rating PER records in the NBA according to a modified PER used at http www.basketball reference.com leaders per career.html Basketball Reference.com Highest career Player Efficiency Rating Michael Jordan 27.91 Highest single season Player Efficiency Rating Wilt Chamberlain 31.84 in 1962 63 Highest career playoff Player Efficiency Rating Michael Jordan 28.59 Highest single season playoff Player Efficiency Rating Hakeem Olajuwon 38.96 in 1988 Euroleague and Eurocup Euroleague uses a different type of formula to determine the rankings and efficiency of players Points Rebounds Assists Steals Blocks Fouls Drawn Missed Shots Turnovers Shots Rejected Fouls See also Player Efficiency Rating Offense efficiency rating Offense Efficiency Rating Basketball statistics Fantasy basketball External links http www.basketball reference.com leaders per career.html Career efficiency leaders on Basketball Reference.com http www.nba.com statistics efficiency.html NBA s efficiency EFF leaderboard ... more details
Expert subject Economics date October 2009 Refimprove date August 2008 In economics , technical efficiency is the effectiveness with which a given set of inputs is used to produce an output. If a firm is producing the maximum output it can, given the resources it employs, such as labor and machinery, and the best technology available, it is said to be technically efficient. X inefficiency occurs when technical efficiency is not being achieved due to a lack of competitive pressure. The concepts of x inefficiency and x efficiency were introduced by Harvey Leibenstein . ref name Leibenstein1966 Citation last1 Leibenstein first1 Harvey author1 link Harvey Leibenstein title Allocative Efficiency vs. X Efficiency journal American Economic Review volume 56 pages 392 415 year 1966 issue 3 ref In the theory of perfect competition , there will in general be no x inefficiency because if any firm is less efficient than the others it will not make sufficient profits to stay in business in the long term. However, with other market forms such as monopoly it may be possible for x inefficiency to persist, because the lack of competition makes it possible to use inefficient production techniques and still stay in business. In addition to monopoly, sociologists have identified a number of ways in which markets may be organizationally embedded, and thus may depart in behavior from economic theory. X inefficiency is not the only type of inefficiency in economics. X inefficiency only looks at the outputs that are produced with given inputs. It doesn t take account of whether the inputs are the best ones to be using, or whether the outputs are the best ones to be producing, which is referred to as allocative efficiency . For example, a firm that employs brain surgeons to dig ditches might still ... for society overall. See also Pareto efficiency Production, costs, and pricing Inefficiency References reflist Category Economic efficiency de X Effizienz fi X tehokkuus ru X ... more details
The slope efficiency is an important property of a laser . It is obtained by plotting the laser output power against the input laser pumping pump power. Above the lasing threshold , the resulting curve is usually close to a straight line. The slope efficiency is the slope of this line. Slope efficiency can similarly be defined in terms of output and input energies instead of powers. This makes it applicable to pulsed lasers. The curve described above is nearly linear above threshold when the optical losses in the laser cavity remain the same for all input powers. Sometimes the curve is nonlinear, typically with lower slope at high input powers. This is characteristic of increased losses, which are often thermal in nature, such as due to lens optics lensing . This is especially common in powerful lasers. Whatever the shape of a slope efficiency curve, it should be possible to extrapolate the line of best fit to find the x intercept intercept with the x axis . In this way the lasing threshold threshold pump power for this particular laser can be found. Determining the laser threshold periodically, via a slope efficiency graph, is particularly useful in helping to determine when a laser requires refurbishment. The optimization of the laser output power for a given pump power usually involves a compromise between high slope efficiency and low threshold pump power. See also Energy conversion efficiency References http www.rp photonics.com slope efficiency.html Slope efficiency in RP Photonics Category Laser science optics stub ... more details
Efficiency factor is a ratio of performance. Data communication In data information transfer communications , the ratio of a the time to transmit a text automatically at a specified modulation rate to b the time actually required to receive the same text at a specified maximum error rate. All of the communication facilities are assumed to be in the normal condition of adjustment and operation. Telegraph communications may have different temporal efficiency factors for the two directions of transmission telecommunications transmission . The practical conditions of measurement should be specified, especially the duration of the measurement. Industrial Engineering The efficiency factor is a performance index, which expresses the relationship between the allowance time and the time taken in the form of percentage. Efficiency factors are used in performance rating and remuneration calculation exercises. The efficiency factor is an index that extremely simple to use and readily comprehensible, the prerequisite being exact time management for maintaining the allowed times. ref Poeschel, Frank Zeitgrad. In Landau, Kurt Ed. Lexikon Arbeitsgestaltung Best Practise im Arbeitsprozess. Stuttgart Genter, 2007. ISBN 978 3 87247 655 5. P. 1322. ref References FS1037C MS188 references Category Telecommunications de Zeitgrad telecomm stub ... more details
Spectral efficiency , spectrum efficiency or bandwidth efficiency refers to the information rate that can ... efficiency The link spectral efficiency of a digital communication system is measured in bit second ... books?id thfj9S8cbdoC&pg RA1 PA219&dq 22spectral efficiency 22 bit s Hz&lr &as brr 3&ei ZHSuR4XrIo6IswPtrIH ... or a data link . Alternatively, the spectral efficiency may be measured in in bit symbol , which is equivalent ... modulation rate or line code pulse rate. Link spectral efficiency is typically used to analyse the efficiency ... data bit FEC overhead is always excluded. The modulation efficiency in bit s is the gross bitrate ... one kilohertz of bandwidth to transmit 1,000 bits per second has a modulation efficiency of 1 bit ... of 3,400 300 3,100 hertz. The spectral efficiency or modulation efficiency is 56,000 3,100 18.1 ... modulation efficiency is given by the Nyquist rate or Hartley s law as follows For a signaling ... efficiency measured in bit symbol or bpcu . In the case of baseband transmission line coding ... can not exceed 2 B symbols s in view to avoid intersymbol interference . Thus, the spectral efficiency ... s, and in that the modulation efficiency can not exceed N bit s Hz. If digital single sideband modulation ... bandwidth W , resulting in a maximum symbol rate of 2 W and an attainable modulation efficiency ... efficiency cannot exceed N 4 bit s Hz. Example 4 The 8VSB 8 level vestigial sideband modulation ... as nearly single side band, the modulation efficiency is close to 2 N 6 bit s Hz. In practice ... in a modulation efficiency of 32 6 5.3 bit s Hz. Example 5 The downlink of a V.92 modem uses ... signal before passband filtering can be considered as baseband transmission, the spectral efficiency ..., a higher spectral efficiency is achieved if we consider the smaller passband bandwidth. If a forward error correction code is used, the spectral efficiency is reduced from the uncoded modulation efficiency figure. Example 6 If a forward error correction FEC code with code rate 1 2 is added, meaning ... more details
orphan date January 2008 Data Efficiency refers to efficiency of the many processes that can be applied to data such as storage, access, filtering, sharing, etc., and whether or not the processes lead to the desired outcome within resource constraints. A management definition of Data Efficiency would be the measure of how data storage device data storage and usage across an Business enterprise or within a department or within a project impacts the organization s costs and revenues. On the broadest level DE expected benefits from applying Information technology I.T. to a given task cost of application of I.T. On the technical side, in the development of computer hardware, software and systems, Data Efficiency can refer to many things such as packing bits on a physical medium sup 1 sup , or chip area usage on a silicon wafer sup 2 sup , or the use of data in programming so as to require less time and computation resources sup 3 sup . Examples of these two categories of use for Data Efficiency managerial and technical can be found in process industries and computer chip research and development 1.Traditional water wastewater management procedures include travel to pump stations, reading and hand recording of meter numbers, transposition of log sheets, and other manual operations. This whole process can be said to have low data efficiency sup 4 sup . 2.In the design of today s Dynamic Random Access Memory DRAM computer chips, R&D optimizes parameters such as row and column access times, chip area usage, burst length and row granularity. Input output times are measured in very small fractions of a second. The latest versions of these chips are said to have high data efficiency ... disk having a data efficiency of more than 80 percent US Patent for Matsushita Electric Industrial ... Hampel. Improving Power and Data Efficiency with Threaded Memory Modules ICCD Proceedings 2006 Oct ... articles eng 1462.htm dataefficiency. Keith Frazier Data Efficiency whitepaper for water wastewater ... more details
Faraday efficiency also called faradaic effiency , faradaic yield , coulombic efficiency or current efficiency describes the efficiency with which Electric charge charge electron s are transferred in a system facilitating an electrochemical reaction . The word faraday in this term has two interrelated aspects. First, the historic unit for charge physics charge is the Faraday charge faraday , but has since been replaced by the coulomb . Secondly, the related Faraday s constant correlates charge with Mole unit mole s of matter and electrons amount of substance . This phenomenon was originally understood through Michael Faraday s work and expressed in his Faraday s laws of electrolysis laws of electrolysis . ref Bard, A.J. and Faulkner, L.R., Electrochemical Methods Fundamentals and Applications, New York John Wiley & Sons, 2nd Edition, 2000 ISBN 0471043729 ref Sources of faradaic loss Faradaic losses are experienced by both electrolytic and Galvanic cell galvanic cells. These losses are usually in the form of misdirected electrons which participate in unproductive reactions, product recombination, short circuit the system, and other diversions for electrons. These losses are physically ... for this Faraday efficiency effect has been identified as the cause of the misidentification .... Physical Chem. 99 1995 p.6973 6979 ref ref Calorimetry, Excess Heat, and Faraday Efficiency in Ni ... 20Cell 20Efficiency.pdf ref Methods of measuring faradic loss Faradic efficiency of a cell design is usually ... quantity of product measured through another analytical method. Faradic vs. voltage efficiency Faradic efficiency should not be confused with voltage efficiency , which is usually discussed in terms ... second s . Losses in the potential term through overpotentials are described by voltage efficiency. Losses in the current term through misdirected electrons are described by faradic efficiency. References references DEFAULTSORT Faraday Efficiency Category Electrochemistry ... more details
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